many roads to home. lan roads utp stp coaxial fiber optics
TRANSCRIPT
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Many Roads To Home
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LAN Roads
UTPSTPCoaxialFiber Optics
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Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
Relies on cancellation to reduce EMIPrecise specifications for the number of twists per braidResistance = 100 ohmsBe sure to handle & inspect our classroom sample of UTP
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Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
AdvantagesEasy to installLeast expensive of all mediaSmall diameter of cable Proper termination procedures insures reliable connection
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Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
DisadvantagesMore prone to EMI/RFI than any other cableShortest allowable length of any other cable.
Know these specs!!
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Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)
All the advantages and disadvantages of UTP.Foil shields provide greater protection against EMI & RFI.Increased cost of cableBe sure to handle & inspect our classroom sample of STP
Know these specs!!
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Coaxial CableAdvantages
Longer cable runs than UTP & STP (up to 500m)Cheaper than using fiber for your backboneTechnology is well known (Cable TV)Better at reducing EMI than UTP or STP
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Coaxial Cable
DisadvantagesThickness of cableCopper shielding must be grounded at both ends of the connectionNo longer used as a LAN media
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Coaxial Cable
Know these diagramed parts & their purposeBe sure to handle & inspect our classroom samples of coaxial cable
Know these specs!!
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Fiber OpticsKnow these diagramed parts & their purpose
AdvantagesLonger runs than any other cable (2km)Higher data rates than any other cable (>100Mbps)NO EMI!!
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Fiber OpticsDisadvantages
Very expensive!!Difficult to install
Therefore, fiber is used only for backbone installations.
Know these specs!!
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The “Standards Guys”
ISO—International Standards OrganizationIEEE—Institute of Electrical and Electronic EngineersTIA—Telecommunications Industry AssociationEIA—Electronics Industry AssociationUL—Underwriters Laboratories
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TIA/EIA
TIA & EIA issue standards together for technologies that involve both telecommunications & electronics.TIA & EIA have had the greatest impact on networking media standardsTIA/EIA 568A is the cable standard we will use when making our cables
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TIA/EIA 568A Overview
Specifies cable performance & termination procedures for horizontal cablingSix categories (CAT 1 to CAT 6)CAT 5 UTP is most common
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Horizontal v. Vertical Cabling
Horizontal Cabling includes all cabling that runs from work areas to the wiring closet.
Example: All Cat 5 UTP cabling in this classroom is horizontal cabling
Vertical Cabling is another name for backbone cabling.
Example:The fiber optic cabling That connects us to the SSB
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Horizontal Cabling (TIA/EIA 568A)
Work Station(Patch Cable)
HorizontalCable Run
Cross-Connect Jumpers(Patch Cable)
3m 90m 6m+ + = 99m...or approx. 100 meters for CAT 5 UTP
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IEEE 802.3 (10Base-T Ethernet)
Has become the “chosen” LAN technology
Includes specifications for both Layer 1 & Layer 2
Your skill in 802.3 implementation will migrate to 100Base-TX & 1000Base-T
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IEEE 802.3 Layer 1 Components
Passive Components (do not add energy)
CablingConnectorsJacksPatch Panels
Active Components (adds energy)Repeaters, Transceivers, & Hubs
Let’s briefly look at each passive component
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10Base-T Cabling
Cat 5 Cable is a Layer 1 componentIt carries bits!CAT 5 is the 10Base-T standard cableThe twisting of wires limits signal degradation through cancellation.
See Picture in
Curriculum
Page 5.4.3
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10Base-T ConnectorsStandard 10Base-T Termination is the Registered Jack-45
Similar to phone plug except the RJ-45 has 8 pins instead of 4 pins
Reduces noise, reflection, & mechanical stability problems
See Picture in
Curriculum
Page 5.4.2
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10Base-T Jacks
RJ-45 Jacks have 8 conductors that match the RJ-45 plug’s connectors.
See Picture in
Curriculum
Page 5.4.4
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10Base-T Patch PanelsPatch panels are used to conveniently group a work area’s connectionsOne side has a place for each RJ-45 plugThe back side has punch down blocks that provide connectivity
See Pictures in Curriculum
Page 5.4.5
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Collisions
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Collision Review
Collisions occur in broadcast topologies where devices are attached to a shared media.Shared media is like shared highways.Layer 1 devices will not solve collision problems.Layer 1 devices simply extend collision domains
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Collision Domains
Collision Domains are the area where collisions occur.Layer 1 devices will not separate (segment) collision domains.How many collision domains with…
A repeater?A hub?A repeater and a hub?
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Collision Domain SegmentationSegmentation is the process of dividing a collision domain into two or more collision domains.Layer 1 devices will not segment a collision domain. Why?The only way to segment a collision domain is to use a device that can filter network traffic.What devices are capable of filtering?
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Topology Overview
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Linear Bus
All nodes directly connected to one physical link
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Ring
Each node connected only to adjacent nodes.
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Star
Advantage: all nodes can easily communicate
Disadvantage: core node failure
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Extended Star
Each end node of the core acts as its own star topology
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Hierarchical Topology
Also called a tree topologyNo central nodeTwo types:
Binary Tree-each node splits off into two nodesBackbone Tree
Which type is this graphic?
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Complete Mesh
What’s unique about this topology?
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Labs5.3.2, 5.3.4
5.3.5, 5.3.6
5.3.7