manufacture of organic photovoltaics
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Prof. Dr. E. SIDDIK ICLI
Solar Energy Institute, Ege University, İzmir
Director of Turkish PV Technology Platform (UFTP)"
“MANUFACTURE OF ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAICS”
SOLAR TURKEY Green Power Conferences
20-21 September 2011, Renaissance Polat Istanbul Hotel, Istanbul, Turkey
Ege University Solar Energy Institute (SEI):
(http://eusolar.ege.edu.tr/)
• SEI was established in 1978 for graduate education and research on
solar energy and its applications containing two divisions named Energy
and Energy Technology.
• Along with the solar energy, the other renewable energy resources like
wind, biomass and geothermal, are being studied.
• Solar electricity researches in SEI are being conducted by two
work groups – PV Group and DSSC Group.
PV group concentrates on the lamination of silicon solar cells,
design, utilization, testing and performance analysis of PV
power system in different topologies.
DSSC group studies the development of organic dye-
sensitized solar cells.
3. GENERATION PHOTOVOLTAICS
Nanotechnology-Molecular Technology
ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC-OFV Technologies
1 – Organic Photovoltaics (Polymer based) - OFV
2 – Dye Sensitized Solar Cells – DSSC (or DSC)
Approximately 40% of the total energy production & 70% of electricity production is consumed in buildings in Europe and US today
Nano-”Molecular” Technology
T C O
VB
TiO2
CB
S/S+
S*/S+
3,7eV
ELEKTROLYTE (I-/I3
-)
4,85 eV
4,2eV
7,4eV
4,7eV
Counter electrode
V=Voc
EF
6,1eV
PDI
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Re-load
Function of a Solar Cell Based On Organic Dyes
PDI/PMI; Ered=-1.05 V, Eox=1.25 V, Band gap=2.3 V,
PDI; HOMO=5.9 eV, LUMO=3.6 eV (vs. Vacuum) TiO2;
LUMO=4.2 eV
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Module Production Otomatic Serigraphy
PRODUCTION OF 30x60 cm MODULE OF DSSC Solar Energy Institute of Ege University
Production of OFV/DSSC at Solar Energy Institute Laboratories
2007 DSSC PANEL
DSSC Panel Produce 25 W/m2
DSSC Module, 3%
-15
-10
-5
0
Cu
rren
t D
en
sit
y[m
A/c
m
2]
0.80.60.40.20.0Potential [V]
•100% AM1.5
Efficie ncy 11.04%
•65% AM1.5
•9.5% AM1.5
Efficie ncy 11.18%
Efficie ncy 10.87%
Artificial Plant With Leaves Exhibited At EXPO 2005
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“Plastic” Solar Cell Module
This work presents that visible light soaking alone is not a dominant stress factor (use
light soaking 2,5 sun equivalent intensity).
Separation between the effects of
1. the stresses of visible light soaking,
2. UV illumination and
3. thermal treatment
on long term stability is possible in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC).
UV stability has been achieved by using MgI2 as additive to the electrolyte.
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THERMAL STABILITY
Best stability result (efficiency) achieved so far with thermal ageing at 60 and 85o C without light soaking .The electrolyte in the 60o C test is based on dimethylpropyl imidazolium iodide (DMPII), LiI, I2, TBP and pripionitrile. In the 85o C test the electrolyte also contained Mg I2 , in the following compositions: 1.5 M hexylmethylimidazolium iodide (HMII), 0.12 M Mg I2 , 0,6 M TBP in propionitrile (PN) solvent
Thermal stress appears on of the most critical factors determining the long term stability of nc-DSC and is strongly related to the chemical composition of electrolyte solvents and additives.
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Semiconducting and Metallic Polymers Functional Ink Plastic
ROLL-to-ROLL Processs
Plastic Substrate for Organic based Solar Cells
Surface modification
Roll-to-roll process
GENCOA Ltd., Dresden, Germany
One advantage of dye solar cell (DSC) modules is the combination of photovoltaic(PV) solar electricity with decorative aspects.
Their report on the recent results achieved in the frame of the German project ColorSol.
The project focuses on the application field of building-integrated PVs ( facades, PV- glazing, etc. ).
Prototypes of glass facade elements (70cm x 200cm) have been developed which consist of several serially inter connected DSC modules each with a size of 30 cm x 30 cm.
Photo of a semi-transparent, glass frit-sealed dye solar module Mounted on an outdoor test stand at the
FRAUNHOFER ISE, Freiburg, GERMANY. 18
Atmospheris Tests of Constructed DSC Panel
in comparison with Si-Crystal and Si-Amorphous Panels
Figure 1. show us that DSC modules yearly generated 10% more electricity than conventional
crystalline-Si modules of the same rated output power in clear and sunny days.
Figure 2. show us that DSC modules yearly generated 20% more electricity than conventional
crystalline-Si modules of the same rated output power in cloudy days.
Fig. 2: Generated electricity for cloudy days between
December and July for the DSC modules and the Si module.
Fig. 1: Generated electricity for clear and
sunny days between December and July for
the DSC modules and the Si module.
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Upscale DSSC size to commercial size, their group was involved in developing a commercial DSC panel, which could show the industrial way and prospect.
The DSSC panels that have 500 W power in total were used in a primary power-station and were tested in situ during running every day. The performance of DSC panel has no dramatic decrease in running during the past 354 days (in case of no electrolyte leak and damage)
Fig. 6. Picture of 500 W DSSC primary power-station. 21
Fig. 10. Photo of DSC module glass facade demonstrator as presented at the Fraunhofer booth during the 22nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Milano, Italy2007.(200 cm x 60 cm )
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Fig. 13. Full size 2 x 32-cell proto type modules in roof station.
Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) area low-cost alternative to photovoltaic silicon and thin film cells on the basis of materials (bulk titania powder in place of high purity semi conductors such as silicon) and process costs.
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Upscale DSSC size to commercial size, their group was involved in developing a commercial DSC panel, which could show the industrial way and prospect.
The DSSC panels that have 500 W power in total were used in a primary power-station and were tested in situ during running every day. The performance of DSC panel has no dramatic decrease in running during the past 354 days (in case of no electrolyte leak and damage)
Fig. 6. Picture of 500 W DSSC primary power-station. 24
Fig. 5. Exterior view of the module panel of DSSC developed by Fujikura.
The developed large area module has realized a panel configuration (1190 mm x 840 mm ) consisting of an array of 16 cells (410mm x 140 mm). They expect this will be the next-generation solar cell.
A developed single and continuous screen printing process to fabricate the electrode elements such as the current collecting grid, the insulating layer the power generation layer brings DSSC technology even closer to commercial applications.
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34th Executive Committee Meeting, Anaheim, California, 29-30 Oct., 2009