MANIFEST DESTINY

I. The original United States, as stated in the Treaty of ____________ after the Revolutionary War, controlled all the land over to the ______________ River,except for _______________ in the South and _______________ in the North

II. The ________________ Purchase then _______________ the size of the United States. This newly acquired land stretched from Louisiana up to current dayMontana. (If it were not for the aid of _____________________, Lewis and Clarkwould have failed.)

ParisMississippi

Florida Canada

Louisiana Doubled

Sacajawea

III. Exploration

A. In 1804 Thomas Jefferson sent ____________ and ___________on an expedition to explore these new lands and to find a water route to the ______________ ____________.

B. Farmers, fur trappers, missionaries and land speculators found new paths to the West and opened it up.

C. Oregon country became very important for farming as well as fur trapping. Traders would meet once a year at _____ _______________, where their goods would then be shipped down the Mississippi to _________ ______________ and then to the Eastern U.S. and Europe.

D. One of the largest migrations to this western land were the _____________ who were escaping religious persecution in the East.

1. Their leader Joseph Smith was killed by a mob protesting their practice of _________________.2. Leadership then fell to _________________ _________ who led the Mormons to ___________ ___________ __________ which was hundreds of miles from the nearest settlement.

Lewis Clark

Pacific Ocean

St. Louis New

Orleans

Mormons

Polygamy Brigham Young

Salt Lake City

IV. The Spanish, Mexican, and Native American West

A. The _________________ were the first Europeans to settle and claim the area from Mexico City up to the present day states of ________, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, Nevada, and ________________.

B. Plains _____________ also posed an obstacle for the Spanish and Americans alike. They had mastered the ____________ and ___________ by the time these two nations reached the Great Plains. They were a nomadic culture that lived off the _______________. This was a very important part of their life and would prove to be their downfall in the end.

C. The Native Americans did PUSHED BACK THE Spaniards at Santa Fe, New Mexico. The Spaniards had an easier time controlling the Current state of __________________

D. Eventually the inhabitants of Mexico fought a revolution against Spain and won their independence in 1821

SpanishTexas

California

IndiansGun Horse

Buffalo

California

skin: clothes, tipi covers, blankets, "quilts" to transport fresh bison meat inmuscles: the main food source, also the location of sinewsinew: make thread, rope, bow strings, strengthen a bow, among many other usesfront leg: was often discarded as unusable; except for varying numbers of scapulascapula: garden hoes, or skinning/butchering kniveshoofs: used for glue, hatchets, bells, among a couple other uses, hoof bones (inside the hoof) were also utilized for a variety of reasonsribs: as hide scrapers, the meat was seen as a delicacy for some tribesvertebral column: either crushed and boiled to extract their grease or discardedpelvic girdle: stripped of its meat and/or discardedrear leg bones: roasted and then cracked to extract the marrow, then discardedskull: most were cracked for the brains and then discarded except for the horn caps, some skulls were kept intact for ceremonial purposeshorn caps: cups, ladles, fire containers, among many others

V. Annexation of Texas and the Mexican Cession

A. _________________ ________________, with Mexico’s approval settled parts of Texas in 1822. (300 Settlers)

1. By 1824 there were ___________ American immigrants in Texas.2. By 1830, there were ___________ American settlers, compared to 3000 Mexicans.3. In 1830, Mexico passed laws _______________ immigration into Texas, outlawing _________________, as well as forcing all the citizens of Mexico to become __________________.4. By 1835, _______________ Americans resided in Mexico with 2000 __________5. ____________ _____________ led the idea for Texas Independence and gained a great deal of support when Santa Anna declared himself dictator of Mexico.6. Texas declares itself ________________ in ________.

Stephen Austin

20007000

ProhibitingSlavery

Catholic30,000

SlavesWilliam Travis

Independent 1836

B. The fight for Texas Independence.

1. The Story of the _________________2. The Battle of _______ ______________ ends the war when forces led by ________ _____________ capture Santa Anna and forced him to sign a treaty giving Texas it s independence.3. Texas was a country on its own from 1836 to 1845, although it was heavily impacted by the United States economy.

AlamoSan Jacinto

Sam Houston

C. Texas Annexation and war with Mexico

1. Congress, divided into North and South, fought over ______________ Texas. It was finally approved in 1845 when Texas became our 28th

state. What was the obstacle in annexing Texas?

2. Causes of the Mexican War.a. ________was angered by the Annexation. They refused to discuss American purchase of the rest of the Southwest.b. Americans felt it was their _____________ ___________ (or) “God given right” to spread to the Pacific.c. _____________ ____ ___________ was an expansionist Presidentd. Dispute over the Southern border of Texas. Was it the _________ River or the ______ __________?e. When Mexican troops fired on American troops in this disputed area, Polk went to Congress saying, “American _______ was spilled on American ___________.”f. Congress declared war in 1846.

Annexing

Balance of power in the Senate…Texas would become a slave state.

Mexico

Manifest Destiny

James K. Polk

Nueces Rio Grande

BloodSoil

3. Three armies crush Mexico.a. General Zachary Taylor occupied Northern Mexico.b. General Winfield Scott captured ____________ _________c. General Stephen Kearny marched on ____________________, which had revolted against Mexico, and helped its settlers defeat the Mexicans there.

4. Peace terms of the Treaty of _________________ _____________a. The U.S. paid Mexico _______ million dollarsb. The U.S. gained all of the South Western land it had offered to to pay for before.c. The ________ __________ would be the Southern border of the U.S.

5. The Wilmont Proviso creates disputes in Congress.

Mexico CityCalifornia

Guadilupe Hildalgo15

Rio Grande

a. This Bill entered into Congress stated that any land gained from the Mexican War Could not allow slaveryb. This Bill caused fights in congress and failed to get a majority of states and therefore did not pass