manifest destiny chapter 11 pages 466-506. westward to the pacific manifest destiny was a doctrine...
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Oregon Country Land between Rocky Mountains and Pacific Ocean Adams-Onis Treaty: Treaty with Spanish Both US and Britain could settle Divide along the 49 th ParallelTRANSCRIPT
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Manifest DestinyChapter 11Pages 466-506
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Westward to the Pacific Manifest Destiny was a doctrine used to
justify the westward expansion of the US.Cause: the future meant moving to the Pacific Ocean Believed US was superiorEffect: US swept aside every obstacle
All Native Americans removed
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Oregon Country Land between Rocky Mountains and Pacific
Ocean Adams-Onis Treaty:
Treaty with Spanish Both US and Britain could settle Divide along the 49th Parallel
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The Oregon Trail The most practical route to the Western US.
Lasted 5-6 months Winter snow blocked the passes Difficult terrain
Problems Along the Way Attacks from Native Americans 1 in 10 died of disease, overwork, hunger, accidents
When did the Trail Stop? When the transcontinental railroad was built
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Independence for Texas 1803: US laid claim to Texas
Most residents were tejanos (Mexicans lived in Texas)
Comanches, Kiowas, Apaches lived in the area Spanish offered empresarios land and
opportunity Tension grew between the groups
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The Struggle for Independence General Santa Anna
Became Mexico’s dictator Stephen F. Austin arrested
Texans wanted separate nation from Mexico liberated San Antonio Thought war was won
The Alamo San Antonio 160 soldiers, no gunpowder Davy Crockett, Jim Bowie, William B. Travis Killed by Santa Anna after 13 days
Battle of San Jacinto Houston captured and killed Santa Anna Texans elected Sam Houston as President
Texas became a state in 1845
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War With Mexico The Santa Fe Trail
From the Missouri River to New Mexico Used to trade between the US and Mexico
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Mexico Spanish Culture
El Camino Real (the King’s Highway) Connected missions Used to convert Native Americans
Ranchos Abolished missions after independence Mexican settlers were called rancheros
Manifest Destiny and California At first, Mexico welcomed Americans John Sutter: land grant John C. Fremont wrote of beauty Mexico refused to sell California and New Mexico
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War With Mexico How did Conflict Begin?
President Polk ordered soldiers into Mexico Mexico wanted to reclaim Texas Fremont’s Bear Flag Republic
The Capture of Mexico City March, 1847 American forces landed September, 1847 Mexico surrendered
Peace Treaty: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Mexico gave up claims to Texas Agreed to Rio Grande border US paid $15 million for Ca. and NM Another $10 million for AZ (Gladstone Purchase)
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The California Gold Rush Who were the Forty-Niners?
100,000 people came for gold 1848-49 $6 million (worth $100 million today) Lived in “boomtowns” Vigilantes kept control
Californios Hispanic Californians Many lost land
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A Religious Refuge in Utah Mormon Religion
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints Joseph Smith had visions
Forced out of New York Killed by a mob in 1844
Brigham Young Moved Mormons to Great Salt Lake in Utah 12,000 people Became governor
Desert Haven Called Deseret Utah became state in 1896