managing difficult to control tarnished plant bugs jeff gore – usda-ars, stoneville
TRANSCRIPT
Managing Difficult to Control Tarnished Plant Bugs
Managing Difficult to Control Tarnished Plant Bugs
Jeff Gore – USDA-ARS, Stoneville
OverviewOverview
• Sources of Infestations
• Area-wide Management
• Variety Selection
• Spray Intervals and Rotations
• Insecticides and Coverage
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05
Tarnished Plant Bug Control: Mississippi
Tarnished Plant Bug Control: Mississippi
No
. A
pp
lica
tio
ns
Tarnished Plant Bug ControlMid-South States – 102 Tests
Orthene and Bidrin
Tarnished Plant Bug ControlMid-South States – 102 Tests
Orthene and Bidrin
50
60
70
80
90
100
110
Max
imu
m P
erce
nt
Co
ntr
ol
Data adapted from Arthropod Management Tests 1994-2005
Acephate Resistance SurveyAcephate Resistance Survey
6.88.5
16.1
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Aug-Sept 2005 May-06 Aug-Sept 2006
Me
an
LC
50
Did not lose resistanceduring the winter
Examples of early-spring broadleaf hosts of tarnished plant bug
ButtercupEvening Primrose
Butterweed Annual Fleabane
Sourdock
Vetch Crimson Clover Cutleaf Primrose
Area-wide Plant Bug Management
One herbicide application from late-Feb. through March.
Area-Wide Plant Bug ControlDelta
Area-Wide Plant Bug ControlDelta
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Treated
Untreated
Week in June
No
. p
er 1
00 s
wee
ps
Week in July
Area-Wide Plant Bug ControlHills
Area-Wide Plant Bug ControlHills
00.5
11.5
2
2.53
3.54
4.55
Treated
Untreated
Sample Date
No
. p
er 1
00 s
wee
ps
Economic BenefitEconomic Benefit
$6.46
$7.81
$3.44
$5.90
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1999 2000 2001 Average
Do
llars
per
Acr
e
Plant Bugs in DP 444 vs 555Plant Bugs in DP 444 vs 555
0
5
10
15
20
25
2-Jul 12-Jul 22-Jul 1-Aug 11-Aug 21-Aug
DP 555 BR
DP 444 BR
NAWF 5 + 350
NAWF 5 + 350
Nym
ph
per
6 f
t.
Nectariless CottonBailey et al. 1980
Nectariless CottonBailey et al. 1980
713
757749
825
600
650
700
750
800
850
Untreated Treated
Nectaried
Nectariless
Yie
ld
Foliar Plant Bug ControlFoliar Plant Bug Control
71 70 7065
61
17
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Carbine Bidrin Orthene Trimax Centric Capture
Per
cen
t C
on
tro
l
Plant Bug Control With ExperimentalsPlant Bug Control With Experimentals
34
57
41
50
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Experimental A Experimental B
Experimental C Experimental D
Per
cen
t C
on
tro
l
Insecticide Application IntervalsInsecticide Application Intervals
23
8
100 100
70
20
0
5
10
15
20
25
Pre-Test Counts Percent Control
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
4 Days 5 Days 6 Days 7 Days
Percen
tN
ymp
hs/
6 ft
.
Pre
-tre
atm
ent
4 DAT with Orthene (0.5 lb)
Insecticide RotationsInsecticide Rotations
23
8 4 4
0
1.5
4 4 43
10
0
5
10
15
20
25
Pre-Test Counts 9 DAT 2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Orthene (0.5) Orthene (0.5) + 6 oz DiamondOrthene (1.0) Centric (2 oz)Trimax (1.8 oz) Carbine (2.8 oz)Vydate (0.33) Bidrin (0.5)UTC
Nym
ph
s/6 ft.Nym
ph
s/6
ft.
Pre
-tre
atm
ent
4 DAT with Orthene (0.5 lb)
Insecticide RotationsInsecticide Rotations
23
8
2.3 2.3
1.8
0.8
2.3
1.81.5
1.3
3.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
Pre-Test Counts 3 DAT 3
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Orthene (0.5) Orthene (0.5) + 6 oz DiamondOrthene (1.0) Centric (2 oz)Trimax (1.8 oz) Carbine (2.8 oz)Vydate (0.33) Bidrin (0.5)UTC
Nym
ph
s/6 ft.Nym
ph
s/6
ft.
Pre
-tre
atm
ent
4 DAT with Orthene (0.5 lb)
Insecticide Rotations Insecticide Rotations
0
5
10
15
20
25
8/3 8/4 8/5 8/6 8/7 8/8 8/9 8/10 8/11 8/12 8/13 8/14 8/15 8/16 8/17 8/18 8/19 8/20 8/21 8/22 8/23 8/24
UntreatedOrthene (0.5)Centric
Nu
mb
er/6
ft.
5 days 9 days
Tarnished Plant Bug ControlTarnished Plant Bug Control
1.7
2.3
3
1.5
0.6
1
2
0.9
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
17-Jul 22-Jul 27-Jul 1-Aug 6-Aug 11-Aug 16-Aug 21-Aug 26-Aug
Orthene (0.5) Orthene (0.5) + Diamond (6)
Nym
ph
s p
er 6
ft.
1st Application 7-14-05
Impact of Leaf Type on TPB Control4 DAT1 with Orthene (0.5 lb) + Diamond (6 oz.)
Impact of Leaf Type on TPB Control4 DAT1 with Orthene (0.5 lb) + Diamond (6 oz.)
5
8.5
25
12.5
80
32
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Okra Leaf Normal Leaf Okra Leaf Normal Leaf
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Sprayed Non-Sprayed Percent Control
Nym
ph
s/6
ft.
Percen
t Co
ntro
l
Impact of Nozzle Type on Insect ControlPlant Bug Control, Orthene (0.5 lb)
Impact of Nozzle Type on Insect ControlPlant Bug Control, Orthene (0.5 lb)
65
49
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Hollow Cone (TX-12) Air Induction (AI 11002)
Pe
rce
nt
Mo
rta
lity
(4
8 H
AT
)
40 psi, 5 mph, 9.4 GPA
Impact of Nozzle Type on Insect ControlPlant Bug Control, Centric (2 oz.)
Impact of Nozzle Type on Insect ControlPlant Bug Control, Centric (2 oz.)
96.4
75.8
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Hollow Cone (TX-12) Air Induction (AI 11002)
Pe
rce
nt
Mo
rta
lity
(4
8 H
AT
)
40 psi, 5 mph, 9.4 GPA
TPB Distribution in CottonTPB Distribution in Cotton
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Bidrin (0.5 lb ai) Untreated
Node Below Terminal
Fre
qu
ency
Bidrin = 14 TPB
Nontreated = 32 TPB
Bidrin = 12 TPB
Nontreated = 5 TPB
Temik Side Band ApplicationsTemik Side Band Applications
3.9
11.9
9.8
2
4.8
8.8
4.1
2.3
6.8
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
5 DAT 10 DAT 20 DAT
Non-treated Temik 5 lbs. Temik 8 lbs.
No
. N
ymp
hs
per
6 r
ow
ft.
60-80%
10-31%
Summary and ConclusionsSummary and Conclusions
• Control with insecticides will become less consistent.
• Spray intervals and rotations will be important.
• Spray only when absolutely necessary and use accurate scouting methods and thresholds.
Summary and ConclusionsSummary and Conclusions
• No “silver bullets” in the near future.
• Other factors that reduce plant bug numbers will need to be considered and integrated with foliar insecticides.
– Variety selection:short season vs. long seasonnectaried vs. nectariless
– Plant bug sources:wild hostsother crops
