managing assets & challenges in power generation …
TRANSCRIPT
Powering The Nation’s Progress 1
Keynote Address
OSIsoft Asia Technology Conference 2007The Westin Kuala Lumpur
24th October 2007
Dato’ Abdul Razak bin Abdul MajidVice President (TNB Generation)
MANAGING ASSETS & CHALLENGES IN POWER GENERATION SECTOR
For Discussion Only
2
CONTENTS
Energy for Society
Energy Demand and Source of Supply
Asset Value Chain
Challenges in Generating Power
Energy Efficiency
Comparative Generation Cost
Managing TNB’s Business Portfolio
TNB’s Current Performance Highlights
Summary/Conclusion
For Discussion Only
3
OUR SOCIETY REQUIRES ENERGY
For Discussion Only
4
WHAT DO THESE TRENDS TELL US?
World Marketed Energy Use by Fuel Type, 1980-2030
Source: EIA, IEO2006
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Qua
drill
ion
Btu Oil
Natural Gas
Coal
33%
27%
9%Renewables
Nuclear
26%
5%
Share of WorldTotal
History Projections
38%
24%
24%
8%
6%
For Discussion Only
5
SOURCE OF ENERGY TO MEET DEMAND
Renewable Non-renewable
For Discussion Only
6
HOW BIG IS 1MW
100 W
1000 W
150 W
250 W
800 W
100 W X 1 hr = 100 Wh
100 W x 10 hr = 1000 Wh = 1 kWh
Lighting
Freezer
Water Heater
A/ Conditioning
100W
250W
350W
750W
416 days
167 days
119 days
55 days
Toaster
Electric Kettle
1000W
800W
41 days
52 days
Appliance Rating Operation*
* 24hrs Operation
For Discussion Only
7
ASSET VALUE CHAIN- CONVERTING FUEL INTO ELECTRICITY
FUEL• Coal• Oil• Gas• Distillate
GENERATOR
GRID
PUBLIC–AT-LARGE
Cheapest
Most Flexible
Most Reliable
For Discussion Only
8
ELECTRICITY BASICS: TURNING A ROTOR IN A MAGNETIC FIELD USING A GENERATOR
TURBINEGWATER
WATER
1. Hydro – uses water to turn turbine
GENERATOR SHAFT PRIME MOVER 3. Steam Plant using different fuels produces steam to turn turbine
4. Combined cycle- combines thermal and gas turbine cycles
2. Gas turbine – uses fuel to turn generator
Different ways of turning the generator shaft
G GAS TURBINE
fuel
BOILERTURBINEG
STEAM fuel
BOILER
G
TURBINEG
GAS TURBINEExhaust heat
fuel
UNIQUE INDUSTRY• TO MEET EXTERNAL DEMAND• ELECTRICITY NOT STOREABLE
Exhaust heat
For Discussion Only
MOST COMMON METHOD OF GENERATING ELECTRICITY
Thermal
Wind
Hydro
Solar
For Discussion Only
10
Example: TNB Hydro (SG. PERAK RIVER SYSTEM)
25km25km22
TEMENGORDAM
TEMENGORTEMENGORDAMDAM
CHENDEROHDAM
CHENDEROHDAM
KENERINGDAM
KENERINGKENERINGDAMDAM
BERSIADAM
BERSIABERSIADAMDAM
80km 48km51km19km
174km174km22
40.2km40.2km22
5.7km5.7km22
Hei
ght F
rom
Sea
Lev
el( m
)
240
160
120
60
0
345 Mm3
6000 Mm3
95 Mm3
72 Mm3
127127 mm
HYDRO SCHEME
For Discussion Only
11
CHALLENGES FOR GENERATING POWER
Rising Demand of Developing Countries
Higher Usage of Energy per capita
Reliability and Quality of Supply
Technology limitation – Cannot store
Rising in Fuel Cost – Location of fuel source
Environmental Concern & Mitigation –KYOTO Protocol
Scarcity of Project Site
Project Funding and Risk
Country Policy – Import of technology (e.g Nuclear) & fuels
For Discussion Only
12
• Measures the amount of energy in the raw fuel needed to produce a specifiedamount of electricity.
• Measured using a measure called the Heat Rate.
Ene
rgy
Con
vers
ion
%
100% Energy Input
Steam Exhaust, Reheat, Drains
Turbine (friction, windage, noise)
Condenser, Heat exchanger, Auxiliaries
Boiler Losses, Stack, Heat Exchanger
Gross Electricity
Typical Coal Fired Plant
Plant Type
Gross Efficiency
OCGT 35%
COAL 42%
CCGT 55%
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
20%
30%
10%
42%- 45%
Boiler Turbine Condenser
For Discussion Only
13
TECHNOLOGY LIMITATION
Efficiency By Plant Type
3842
37
56
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
CSP Coal CSP Oil/Gas CCGT OCGT
CSP: Conventional Steam Plant CCGT: Combined Cycle Gas Turbine OCGT: Open Cycle Gas Turbine
For Discussion Only
14
COMPARATIVE GENERATION COST PER kWh
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Geothe
rmal
Coal
IGCC
Gas C
CNuc
lear
Hydro
WindGas
CT
Solar T
herm
alFu
el Cell
Solar P
V
USD
Cen
t/kW
h
Source: Paper ‘The Economics of Generation Tecnologies’ (Lockwood Greene consulting study) 2003
CASE STUDY: (based on 35 Power Organizations)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Geothe
rmal
Coal
IGCC
Gas C
CNuc
lear
Hydro
WindGas
CT
Solar T
herm
alFu
el Cell
Solar P
V
USD
Cen
t/kW
h
Source: Paper ‘The Economics of Generation Tecnologies’ (Lockwood Greene consulting study) 2003
CASE STUDY: (based on 35 Power Organizations)
For Discussion Only
15
MANAGING GENERATION BUSINESS PORTFOLIO- Building Block of Decision Support System (DSS)
Information Assembly What-if-Scenario
Business Decision
External Industry Risks Financing
Bu
sin
ess
O
pti
mis
ati
on
Facilities and measures Data Base
Fuel Management
Energy Billing
Operation Management
Maintenance & Facilities Life Mgmt
Environment Management
Pla
nt
Op
tim
isati
on
For Discussion Only
16
Main Modules
Plant Historians and Analysis
Business Analysis and Reporting
Real Time Plant Modellingand Optimisation
SJ Sultan Azlan Shah, Manjung
OUR PILOT INTEGRATED PROJECT (PHASE I) – Started in 2004
For Discussion Only
17
Full Turnkey approach for Phase I
implementation at SJSAS Manjung
Using PI as the solution
Central team with owner’s team at site
TNB own technical & commercial advisors
SKILL
KNOWLEDGE
PHASE 2 : EXTENSION TO ALL OTHER TNB’S PLANTS- Full Completion by End 2008
EXPERIENCE
- Thermal
- Hydro
Legend
Federated In-Houseimplementation
approach
For Discussion Only
18
Effective Proactive
Maintenance
Efficient Outage
Planning Total Regulatory Compliance
Total PPACompliance
Improved Internal Business Processes
Accurate & Real-Time Decision Support System
Near Zero UOR
Improved Plant
ReliabilityImproved
Plant Efficiency
Lowest CPU Possible
PROVIDING REAL TIME DATA PLATFORM TO TRACK AND MONITORING OUR KEY PERFORMANCE INDEX (KPIs)
For Discussion Only
19
AVAILABILITY AND UNPLANNED OUTAGE TRENDINGTNB Plant Availability achieved 91.15%, with 8 stations exceeding 90% TNB plant UOR achieved 2.15%, with majority of plants below 4%
14.20
9.00 9.50
6.103.12 2.15
91.1580.4
90.285.6
81.785
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07
UO
R P
erce
ntag
e %
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Ava
il. P
erce
ntag
e %
CCP Conv Coal Con oil/gas OCGTHydro Overall UOR Availability
For Discussion Only
20
AGGREGATE EFFICIENCY (%) TRENDING
TNB Plant Thermal Efficiency increased by >4% in 5-Years
33.3833.67
34.07
36.8736.23
37.58
31.00
32.00
33.00
34.00
35.00
36.00
37.00
38.00
FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07
Ther
mal
Effi
cien
cy %
Average Annual Growth = 0.84%
33.3833.67
34.07
36.8736.23
37.58
31.00
32.00
33.00
34.00
35.00
36.00
37.00
38.00
FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07
Ther
mal
Effi
cien
cy %
33.3833.67
34.07
36.8736.23
37.58
31.00
32.00
33.00
34.00
35.00
36.00
37.00
38.00
FY02 FY03 FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07
Ther
mal
Effi
cien
cy %
Average Annual Growth = 0.84%
For Discussion Only
21
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
TNB’s Drive Towards Efficient Asset Management & Profitability. - Thru Several Initiatives Includes T7, KPI and Continuous Monitoring
OPERATIONAL EXCELLENCE – Efficient and FlexibleOperating at most efficient manner – [Benchmarking with designed data]High availability and reliability – [Early detection of wear and tear]Moving towards real-time enterprise – [Remote operation monitoring]Ability to track maintenance requirement.Improve Technical know-how.
COMMERCIAL EXCELLENCE – Investment and Cost
Separate plant accounting and reporting Economics and overall competitivenessImprove Business know-how.
REGULATORY COMPLIANCE – Reliability & Environmental
KTAK - Reliability of supply and Energy mix EC - Technical & Financial Performance ReportingDOE - Continuous On-Line Emission monitoringDOSH - Safe operation and Early warning
Powering The Nation’s Progress 22
THANK YOUwww.tnb.com.my
Powering The Nation’s Progress