MANAGEMENT INFORMATION

SYSTEM IN HEALTH CARE

Maria Ruuto

Definitions

System- A collection of components that work together to achieve a common objective.

Information System- A system that provides information support to

the decision-making process at each level of an organization.

Health Information System- A system that integrates data collection,

processing, reporting, and use of the information necessary for

improving health service effectiveness and efficiency through better

management at all levels of health services.

Health Management Information System- An information system specially designed to assist in the management and planning of health programmes, as opposed to delivery of care. (WHO 2004: 3)

HEALTHCARE INFORMATION SYSTEM (HIM)

Healthcare is a business and, like every business, it needs good management to keep the business running smoothly.

Healthcare information systems means meticulously maintaining a patient's healthcare records and ensuring that confidential information is securely kept.

Those in healthcare information systems must have tremendous attention to detail.

They are responsible for maintaining, updating, and securing all of a patient's healthcare information.

Healthcare service providers who use HIM Hospitals

Nursing and residential care facilities

Physicians and surgeons

Other ambulatory health care service

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

Dentists and dental clinics

Home health care services

Other health practitioners

Outpatient care centers

HEALTH INFORMATION PROFFESIONALS

Health information management professionals plan information systems, develop health policy, and identify current and future information needs.

They apply the science of informatics to the collection, storage, use, and transmission of information to meet the legal, professional, ethical and administrative records-keeping requirements of health care delivery.

Health information managers

Medical records and health information technicians

Health Information Administrator

Implementation managers

Trainers

ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD SYSTEM

Clinicians rely on complete and accurate data in order to make decisions about patient care.

Without a solid system for health information exchange in place between facilities, it is impossible to ensure that a clinician has the entire clinical picture.

Without complete historical information on a patient, treatment plans are often askew, which can mean suboptimal, sometimes even lethal, outcomes.

DISADVANTAGES OF ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD SYSTEM

Enormous start up costs

Nurses and doctors are unfamiliarity with technology

Hackers may ultimately be able to penetrate system despite security precautions

System is attacked by computer viruses

Power failure

HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

It is essentially a computer system that can manage all the information to allow health care providers to do their jobs effectively.

These systems have been around since they were first introduced in the 1960s

They manage the data related to the clinic, finance department, laboratory, nursing, pharmacy and also the radiology and pathology departments.

The system must be user friendly

and should include training by

the vendors.

HIGHLIGHTS OF HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

Patient-centered approach

User-friendly, easy-to-use & web-enabled applications

Multi-level distributed hospital information system

Security & privacy (authentication, authorization, privacy

policy)

Integration

Patient identification

Single log-in

Use of controlled vocabularies for coding

Data consistency

Transparency

RECORDS IN HEALTH INFORMATION MANAGEMENT Healthcare quality and safety require that the right information

be available at the right time to support patient care and health system management decisions.

Health records are archival records or diaries of diagnostic discoveries

Clinical data include facts about:

1. patient or client’s overall health status and ability to perform normal bodily functions

2. person’s overall physical, physiological, psychological, sociological and intellectual characteristics

3. performance of interest to patients and health professionals.

Health records contain time and source-oriented collections of text-based (alphanumeric) information, physiological tracings (from analogue signals), and images and sounds (multimedia).

CLINICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (CIS)

CIS is an information system designed to be used specifically in the critical care environment.

It integrates the many computer systems found in a modern hospital, such as pathology and radiology, with an electronic patient record.

CIS provides easy bedside access for clinicians.

Once the patient is discharged from the Intensive Care unit the information is printed and placed into the patient’s medical record.

NURSING INFORMATION SYSTEM (NIS)

Nurses are the largest single group of health professionals who directly influence the quality of most health services provided and their outcomes

The area of concern of nursing ranges from:

clinical care of individual patients to the administration of health services

the management of health problems at all levels of complexity

including public health and community care,

occupational and home care,

school health.

NIS has been defined as a part of a health care information system that deals with nursing aspects, particularly the maintenance of the nursing record.

NURSING INFORMATION SYSTEM (NIS) II

NIS emphasizes patient safety via the installation of systems that focuses on reducing errors in healthcare

In Greek Hospitals there have been made many

trials and efforts in order to develop electronic

nursing documentation with little results.

There are many difficulties and some of them are

different levels of nursing education, low nurse

to patient ratios, not involvement of nurses in the

phases of their implementation, resistance in

change.

NURSING INFORMATION SYSTEM (NIS) III

The main tasks in the nursing care process include:

processes of patient care

ward management

communication

cooperation with other health professionals

education and research processes.

NURSING INFORMATION SYSTEM (NIS) IV

The activities nurses perform when caring for patients have been identified and nursing roles have been categorized into three global categories:

managerial roles or coordinating activities that involve the gathering and transmission of patient information

physician-delegated tasks

autonomous nursing function, characteristic of professional nursing practice.

CONCLUSION

Nurses are responsible for a substantial part of the patient record and hence are particularly affected by the computerisation

The appliance of Information Systems into nursing provides important advantages in the administration of the nursing personnel’s data

The use of nursing information systems (NIS) has increased completeness of some nursing documentation elements.

Used literature

World Health Organization. (2004). Developing health management information systems: a practical guide for developing countries.

Malliarou,M., Zyga, S. (2009). Advantages of Information Systems in Health Services. Sport Management International Journal. VOL. 5, Number 2

Marin, H.F., Rodrigues, R.J., Delaney, C., Nielsen, G.H., Yan, J. (2000). Building Standard-Based Nursing Information Systems. Pan American Health Organization. World Health Organization. Division of Health Systems and Services Development.

Used literature II

http://www.personalitydesk.com/career-profile/health-services-manager#axzz1jR6lUqR1

http://www.guidetoonlineschools.com/degrees/healthcare/healthcare-information-systems

http://www.information-management-architect.com/healthcare-information-system.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_information_management

http://www.ama-assn.org/ama1/pub/upload/mm/40/healthinfoman0809.pdf

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-the-disadvantages-of-electronic-medical-records.htm

http://intensivecare.hsnet.nsw.gov.au/clinical-information-systems

Thank You for listening. Any questions? :)