management and use of forests. managed woods proper management results in greater and more uniform...
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Management and Use of Forests
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Managed Woods• proper management
• results in greater and more uniform growth than when trees are permitted to develop according to nature’s plan
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Management practices• planting selected varieties of
trees
• some trees may be used for several purposes
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Management• rate of growth should be
considered
• most important uses: timber and veneer
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Management• length of time to maturity
• faster growing trees have fewer uses
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Management• Eucalyptus - one of the
fastest growing
• 15 inches in diameter in 40-50 years
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Management• Black Walnut, Oak, Hard
Maple
• 100-125 years
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Breeding Super Trees• select seeds of trees that are
• fast growing
• tallest
• straightest
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Breeding Super Trees• healthiest
• raise super trees in nurseries
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Controlling Insects and Disease
• can be variety specific
• an established disease or insect pest can be nearly impossible to eliminate
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Insects and Disease• trees may develop immunity
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Insect, Fungal, &Bacterial
• Dutch Elm Disease - Fungus
• carried by European Elm Bark Beetle
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Insect, Fungal, &Bacterial
• White Pine Blister Rust
• lives part of its life cycle on an alternate host
• wild gooseberries or currants
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White Pine Blister Rust
• to control the disease, destroy the alternate host
• Gypsy Moth - problem with many types of trees
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Fire Control• fires are nature’s way of
controlling distribution and succession in forests
• prepares some seeds for germination - Jack Pine
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Fire Control• fires may add nutrients to the soil
• destroy harmful insects
• provides young shoots and new leaves and other vegetation for wildlife
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Fire Control• controlled burn
• practiced only with expert advice and under supervision
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Selective harvesting• trees are thinned out each
year in accordance with a plan
• remaining trees grow faster, taller and healthier
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Selective harvesting• wood is marketed, providing
a steady source of income
• sustained yield management
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Clear Cutting• cutting off a sizeable plot of
trees during one harvest period.
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Clear Cutting• Wisdom of this practice is
highly debated
• Essential for commercial reforestation of some species
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Clear Cutting• Severe soil erosion may
occur
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Small Land Owners• 70% of commercial forest
land is held by private owners
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Small Land Owners• More than 1/2 of saw timber
in US is grown on land owned by small land owners or farmers
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Small Land Owners• Less than 1/5 grown on land
owned by large timber companies
• Doing a better job of forest management
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Small Land Owners• Conservation is profitable
• Management involves few cash outlays
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Small Land Owners• Obtain free advice from:
• state or national foresters
• timber company experts
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Recreational Uses• Multiple use of national
forests
• national parks become more crowded
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Recreational Uses• Forests provided additional
space and scenery
• Increase in forest visits
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Recreational Uses• Visits to forests for
recreational purposes are increasing at a rate of 10% per year
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Wilderness• Unsettled, uncultivated
natural region
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The Wilderness Act• Dec. 19, 1964
• permanent protection to millions of acres
• open to public input
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Alaska Nat’l Interest..• Lands Conservation Act
• Dec. 2, 1980
• Increased protected wilderness area in US to 56.6 million acres
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Wilderness• Additional land under study
for wilderness designation
• Bureau of Land Management
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Wilderness• Has until 1991 to complete
process of wilderness designation
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Wilderness• met with some opposition
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Better use of forest• Decrease waste, increase
efficiency
• Particle board
• paper recycling
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Better use of Forest• Plastics are being substituted
for wood in many products
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