malria ppt
DESCRIPTION
A mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by protists (microorganism)of the genus Plasmodium.TRANSCRIPT
By Group- D
What Is Malaria?
• A mosquito-borne infectious disease of humans and other animals caused by protists (microorganism)of the genus Plasmodium.• Name is derived from Italian ‘Mal’
aria’ or bad air.
• Most important cause of fever and morbidity in the Tropical world.
• Malaria has been infecting humans for over 50,000 years.
• First advances in malaria were made in 1880 by a French army doctor named Charles Laveran.
• Carlos Finlay discovered that mosquitoes transmitted diseases.
• In 2010, malaria caused an estimated 655 000 deaths mostly among African children. (WHO)
LIFE CYCLE
Cause• A parasite is passed from one human to
another by the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes.
• There are four parasite species that cause malaria in humans:
1. Plasmodium falciparum
2. Plasmodium vivax
3. Plasmodium malariae
4. Plasmodium ovale.
Symptoms• Anaemia
• Chills
• Convulsion
• Fever
• Headache
• Jaundice
• Muscle pain
• Nausea
• Sweating
• Vomiting
MALARIA IN INDIA
• 90-95% cases reported from rural areas.
• Contributes about 70% of malaria in the South East Asian Region of WHO
• About two million cases and 1000 deaths attributable to malaria per year.
• 80.5% of the population lives in malaria risk areas
MALARIA IN ODISHA• Odisha contributes about 25% of the total
annual malaria cases.
• In 2010, Odisha saw the highest number of malaria deaths in the country at 247.
• In 2011, 73 people died of Malaria. (NVBDCP)
• 28,000 people found suffering from malaria this year with no deaths reported.
• NVBDCP's Urban Malaria Scheme trying to curb mosquito breeding
• Trimming drains, water disposal and sanitation
• Emptying water containers once a week
STRATEGIES
• Observing a weekly "Dry Day".
• Trials on WHO sponsored long-lasting insecticide-treated nets
• Introduction of the indoor residual spray (IRS)
RISK FACTORS
• Rainfall
• Stagnant water
•Wrong feeding habits
• Faulty style of living
•Unhygienic surroundings
• Don’t keep stagnant water
• Poisoning the breeding grounds
• Pesticide DDT
• Using mosquito net and repellents
• Long sleeve clothes
• Health education by community participation.
PREVENTION
TREATMENTS
• Anti-malarial drugs like Chloroquine, Mefloquine.
• Quinine effective in treating some forms of malaria
• Vaccine- under research
• The most successful candidate developed to date is the RTS,S recombinant vaccine
Role of media in spreading awareness
CONCLUSION• The disease is a major health problem in
much of the tropics and subtropics.
• It presents a major disease hazard for travellers to warm climates.
• According to WHO, around 1.32 billion people are at the risk of contracting malaria in Southeast Asia. It marks April 25 as the World Malaria Day.
STAY SAFE
THANKYOU…!