malnutrition in under five children
DESCRIPTION
Malnutrition inTRANSCRIPT
PRESENTED BYDR N C DE
DR S K MISHRA
PICTURE OF MALNUTRITION
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
NFHS-2(98-99)NFHS-3(05-06)
Wasted Stunted Under weight Anemia
51 45
20 23
43 40
74 79
Comparison of under-nourished Children Under 3 years of age
10 Million under 5 die in the world,
2.2 million in India
More than 50% of them contributed by Mal nutrition
PREVALENCE OF MALNUTRITIONState IMR Under nutrition
India 57 43
W. B 48 39
Orissa 65 41
Kerala 15 23
Not by Food alone
FOOD/ENERGY HEALH CARELOVE & CARE
The pot remains empty.
Recurrent infections drain Nutrition.
Nutrition
Malnourished Child
Low Birth Weight <2.5 Kg Adolescent
Malnourished adult woman
Early MarriageEarly Marriage
Improper Feeding & Infection
Nutrition intervention
What goes wrong…What goes wrong…
•Non Exclusive Breastfeeding
•Improper complementary food
•Poor hygiene, sanitation and immunization
•Too-many too soon
•Inadequate care & Support by family/community
I. Pregnancy
II. Birth – 2 Yrs.
III. Adolescents
Growth Spurt / Empowerment
Birth
Care in PregnancyCare in PregnancyHealth and Nutrition – (Antenatal Care)Safe Delivery Post Natal CareGood Referral System ( Emergency Obstetric
service & care of sick new born)
Care of the Infant.Care of the Infant.Care of the New Born at Birth.Exclusive Breast-feedingAppropriate complementary feeding with Continued breast-feeding.( IYCF)
Immunization Growth Monitoring Referral
Adolescent CareAdolescent CareHealth, Nutrition & EducationFamily life education.Capacity Building (Self Esteem)
Prepare for useful member of the family and the society
Who will do & How ?Who will do & How ?Existing Government Departments/Systems –
ICDS (AWW), NRHM (ANM, ASHA )NGOsCBO/PRI (VHC)Community Participation and ownership-
accountability/sharing responsibility.
Who & How (contd.)
Early detection & referral.Prompt and effective quality service.Follow-up and prevention of relapse.Treatment of Severe Acute Malnutrition
(SAM) with complications at Hospital /NRC.Community/Home based management for
those without complications.
Training NeedTraining NeedUp-gradation of Knowledge , Skill &
MotivationBehavior Change Communication (BCC)Practical Hands on TrainingStress on IMNCI.
SIMPLE INEXPENSIVE NUTRITION INPUTS
Exclusive Breastfeeding-Six monthsHome-made complementary Food along with
continued Breastfeeding.Hygiene&Sanitation, Immunization and
removing superstitions of all kinds.Growth Monitoring and Promotion.Early Childhood Stimulations, love and Care.
Positive Deviance Approach.Positive Deviance Approach.
Some children grow better in spite of same adverse socio-economical environment as that of their counterpart due to improved feeding and caring practices. The process is called Positive Deviance Approach.
It encourages community participation, learning by doing, self reliance and sustainability.
Challenges to be met.Challenges to be met.• Community empowerment, sharing responsibility
and accountability for development of a true Child and Woman Friendly Community (CWFC).
• Provision of quality health services and delivery of integrated nutrition package (true convergence).
• Development of communication skill at every level for bringing in behavior change.
Concluding paragraph.Concluding paragraph.
“Ultimately, there is nothing as important as informed public discussion
and the participation of the people in pressing for changes that can protect our lives and liberties. The public has to see itself not merely as a patient, but also as
an agent of change. The penalty of inaction and apathy can be illness & death.”--Concluding remark by
Amartya Sen in “Health in Development” Keynote address to fifty Second World Health Assembly, Geneva, May 1999 {Bulletin of the WHO, 1999(77)}
Accountability Accountability and sharing responsibility.and sharing responsibility.
Thank youThank you