malaysian history 2010

8/2/2019 Malaysian History 2010

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MALAYSIAN HISTORY

AND THE FORMATION OF SOCIETY


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Malaysia Map

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THE MALAY MUSLIM KINGDOM OF

MELAKA (1400-1511)

The first Malay Muslim kingdom in the region

The centre of the spread of Islam

Centre of the spread of Malay language

Centre of trading activities in Southeast Asia(emporium of Asia)


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The Impact of Islamisation on the

Malays

The advancement of civilisation

The usage of Malay language

The relation with the Middle East


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"The air in Melaka is very fresh and healthy,

quite the reverse of what was imagined byancient writers Aristotle and Ptolemy, whomaintained that the part of the world which

lay between the Tropics of Cancer andCapricorn was very hot and fiery."

- Emanuel Godinho de Eredia


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Malacca is of such importance andprofit that is seems to me that is hasno equal in the world....It is a city

made for merchandise fitter thanany other in the world..

Tom Pires.

Malacca is the richest seaportwith the greatest number ofwholesale merchants and

abundance of shipping that canbe found in the whole world.

Duarte Barbosa


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GOOD HOLDING GROUND

SUFFICIENT DEPTH

FOR ANCHORAGE

NATURAL HARBOUR

Protected from

westerly wind & ne monsoon


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Appointment Task and ResponsibilityMalaysia

GovernmentToday

Bendahara Sultan adviserChief of Justice

Prime Minister

TemenggungMaintaining Law and Order inMalacca

Chief of Police

Penghulubendahari

Maintaining finance and Malaccatreasurer

Finance Minister

Laksamana Sea security aspect Admiral

SyahbandarResponsible on tax collection

and port administration

Port Master

Mufti\KadiResponsible on religious affair Religious Minister

and Mufti atstate.

Malacca Administration System


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VIETNAM

CAMBODIA

Phnom Penh

Ho Chi Minh

THAILAND

NATUNA

ISLAND

ANAMBASARCH.

LANGKAWI

PENANG

KUCHING

KOTA KINABALU

SINGAPORE

P. KLANG

SUMATERA KALIMANTAN

PHILIPPINES

The importance of Malacca StraitsThe importance of Malacca Straits


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THE EXPANSION OF TRADE

EAST AFRICAEAST AFRICAEAST AFRICAEAST AFRICA

MIDDLE EASTMIDDLE EASTMIDDLE EASTMIDDLE EAST

& EUROPE& EUROPE& EUROPE& EUROPE

INDIAINDIAINDIAINDIA

CHINA & EASTERN ASIACHINA & EASTERN ASIACHINA & EASTERN ASIACHINA & EASTERN ASIA

MALAYMALAYMALAYMALAYARCHIPELAGOARCHIPELAGOARCHIPELAGOARCHIPELAGO

MALACCAMALACCAMALACCAMALACCA

MEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEANMEDITERRANEAN


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THE FALL OF MELAKA Melaka was invaded by the Portuguese in

1511 The Malay Kingdom moved from Kampar, Siak

and finally settled in Johor Riau.

The end of rulers from the Melakas lineageafter Sultan Mahmud was murdered in 1699.


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THE ARRIVAL OF THE WESTERN

COLONIALS

Melaka invaded by the Dutch 1641.

Penang occupied by the British in 1786.

Singapore was opened by Stamford Raffles

1819. Anglo-Dutch Treaty in 1824.

The formation of the Straits Settlements in

1826.


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ANGLO-DUTCH TREATY 1824 Between the British and the Dutch to determine the

respective spheres of influence.

Territories divided between the two powers. Dutch surrendered Malacca to British British released Bencoolen in Sumatra to the Dutch

Three importants ports in the Malay Peninsula(Penang, Malacca, Singapore) under control of theBritish.

1826 these three territories became known as theStraits Settlements

Permenantly divided Malaya and Indonesia.


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THE BRITISH INTERVENTION Economic factors.

Struggle for the throne

The fight between secret societies

Humanitarian factor The competition between western powers


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TIN

1830- industrial revolution

need raw materialsincluding tin for tincanning industry

1848 - tin discovered in

Taiping British companies invested

in mining activities

1850 - British and Chinese

involved in the mining andtrading of tin.


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THE SUEZ CANAL


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PACIFICOCEAN

INDIANOCEAN

ATLANTICOCEAN

The Suez Canal shortened trade route between east and west


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COMPETITION BETWEEN EUROPEAN

POWERS

The British wereworried ofinvolvement of otherWestern powers in the

Malay States.

The Germans haveshown interest tointervence in theMalay States.


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BRITISH INTERVENTION IN PERAK Struggle for the throne after the death of

Sultan Ali. The fight between Chinese secret societies,

the Ghee Hin and Hai San in Larut.

Raja Abdullah invited the British to intervenvein Perak.


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PANGKOR TREATY 1874 The treaty was signed on 20 Jan 1874 on

board the battleship, Pluto. Signed between Sir Andrew Clarke (Governor

of the Straits Settlements and Raja Abdullah

of Perak) Enabled the British to appoint an officer

(called Resident) to administer Perak.

British recognized Raja Abdullah as the Sultanof Perak.


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[MALAYA


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BRITISH INTERVENTION IN SELANGOR,

NEGERI SEMBILAN AND PAHANG

Civil War in Kelang between Raja Abdullah and

Raja Mahadi in Selangor. The struggle for power between Datuk Kelana

and Datuk Bandar in Negeri Sembilan.

The struggle for the throne between WanAhmad and Wan Mutahir in Pahang.


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THE FORMATION OF THE FEDERATION

1896 The treaty signed on 1 July 1896 formed the

Federated Malay States comprising of Perak,Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Pahang.

To establish a uniform and efficient

administration, to assist poorer states and to

economise expenditure.


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JAPANESE INVASION The Japanese atttacked Kota Bharu in

December 1941. Slogan Asia For Asia and Asia Co-Prosperity

Sphere.

Japanese forces more organised, trained andready.

Singapore fell on 15 February 1942.


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REASONS FOR JAPANESE INVASION Japan emerged as an industrialised nation.

Japan need raw materials for its industries. South East Asia very rich in natural resources.

Economic embargo by United States.


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The Japanese

badly need raw

materials including rubber and tin

to boost its

war efforts

Southeast Asia was very rich in raw

materials and close proximity with Japan.


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THE INVASION 8 DEC 1941 KOTA BAHRU

11 JAN 1942 KUALA LUMPUR 15 FEB 1942 SINGAPORE

Within 70 days the Japanese advanced 1100 km

15 AUG 1945 JAPANESE

SURRENDERED


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Japans light tanks

Outdated butunchallenged.

MEDIUM T 94

Light T95


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GENERAL YAMASHITA


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GENERAL YAMASHITA


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SINGAPORE SURRENDERED, 1942


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GENERAL PERCIVAL


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EVACUATION OF SINGAPORE, 1942

THE IMPACT OF JAPANESE


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THE IMPACT OF JAPANESE

OCCUPATION The lost of respect toward westerners

The effort to Japanised the Malays Poverty and destitution

Racial polarisation The involvement of the Communists

The spread of nationalism

BRITISH EMPIRE IN THE LATE 19th


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BRITISH EMPIRE IN THE LATE 19th

CENTURY


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JAPANESE SURRENDER

The bombing of Hiroshima (6 August) and

Nagasaki (9 August) 1945 Japanese surrendered on 15 August 1945.

The rule of MPAJA (Chinese) for two weeks

Malaya was put under British Military

Administration (BMA)


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THE ROAD TOWARD INDEPENDENCE

British introduced Malayan Union

The formation of UMNO. The Communist Insurgency

Malayan Federal Election in 1955 Independence 1957.


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THE FORMATION OF MALAYSIA

The formation of Malaysia involving the

participation of Singapore, Sabah andSarawak.

Indonesia launched confrontation

Confrontation ended in 1965

Singapore left Malaysia 1966

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MAY 13th 1969 RIOT

Racial polarisation

Imbalances in economic distribution Language issue

Political instability after 1969 election The political gains achieved by Chinese based

racial parties

THE NEW ECONOMIC POLICY


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THE NEW ECONOMIC POLICY

To eradicate poverty

To bridge the gap between races To create national unity

ISLAMIC RESURGENCE


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ISLAMIC RESURGENCE

FACTORS

External influences The wish to return to Islam

The role of NGOs The role of government

THE IMPACT


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THE IMPACT

Increasing religious observance

Establishment of Islamic Institutions Closer relation with the Muslim World

The role of Islam in Politics

MAHATHIRS ADMINISTRATION


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MAHATHIRS ADMINISTRATION

Look East Policy

The inculcation of Islamic values Corporatisation and Privatisation

Vision 2020. Closer relation with the Muslim World.

POLITICAL CRISIS OF 1998


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POLITICAL CRISIS OF 1998

The sacking of Anwar Ibrahim.

1999 General Election The gains by the opposition parties


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ABDULLAH BADAWI BECAME


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MALAYSIAS FIFTH PRIME MINISTER Dr. Mahathir Mohammad step down as prime

minister in October 2003 Abdullah Badawi became Fifth Prime Minister

The release of Anwar Ibrahim from jail in

September 2004


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In the 2004 general election, Abdullah scored asignificant victory but in the 2008 GE, the BN won a

slim majority of seats. Known for focusing on Malaysia's internal security after

the increase in corruptive practices, such as bribery, inthe Law enforcement in Malaysia.

Abdullah Badawi has tried to clamp down oncorruption, giving more power to anti-corruptionagencies and making it easier for the public to revealcorrupt practices to the authorities. He has arrested

several Mahathir-era cronies on charges of corruption,a move which is widely applauded by the public.

ISLAM HADHARI


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ISLAM HADHARI

A progressive Islam implemented under Abdullah

Badawi. Islam that stress on development but upholding

the basic tenets of Islam.

Islam that respect the human right. Islam that stress on the important of education.

Islam that moderate in its stand. Islam that respect the right of women.


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Abdullah Badawi declared an end to theeconomic legacy and grandiose projects of his

predecessor, Mahathir Mohamad, He said that in the past, wealth was generated

not by innovation and creativity, but by foreign

investment, government contracts, andprivatization.

Agriculture and biotechnology are the highlightedissues in 9MP that the government believes suchsectors are still able to generate wealth for manyMalaysians, especially those in rural areas.


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In June 2008, the Sabah Progressive Party, a member of the14-party ruling Barisan Nasional coalition, said its two

legislators in the federal parliament will move or back amotion of no-confidence against Abdullah.

No Malaysian Prime Minister has ever faced a vote of no-confidence presented by a member of his own coalitionbefore. The Barisan Nasional has 140 lawmakers in the 222-member Parliament, enough to defeat any vote againstAbdullah who is also president of the UMNO.

Nevertheless, the motion was rejected by the Speaker onthe basis that there were no grounds for the motion to beput forward.

Najib Razak as Prime Minister


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Najib Razak as Prime Minister

Mohd. Najib bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak (born 23 July1953) is the sixth and current Prime Minister of

Malaysia. He was Deputy Prime Minister from January 7, 2004

until April 3, 2009. Najib is President of the United

Malays National Organisation (UMNO). He is the son ofMalaysia's second prime minister, Tun Abdul Razak.

Najib succeeded Abdullah at a time when BarisanNasional lost their traditional two-thirds majority inparliament to the united opposition lead by AnwarIbrahim in the 2008 parliamentary election.


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Najib has tried to build a moderate image,

abandoning the hardline pro-Malay policies ofhis party by running the 1Malaysia campaign.

1Malaysia is a campaign calling for the

cabinet, government agencies, and civilservants to more strongly emphasize ethnic

harmony, national unity, and efficient

governance.


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The eight values of 1Malaysia as articulated by NajibRazak are perseverance, a culture of excellence,

acceptance, loyalty, education, humility, integrity, andmeritocracy.

Najib launched www.1Malaysia.com.my (17/9/2008) tocommunicate with the citizens more efficiently and

support the broader 1Malaysia campaign, He has usedthe site to highlight his political and policy initiativesand to provide a forum for Malaysians to discussgovernment matters. 1Malaysia is also making

extensive use of social media tools such as Facebookand Twitter


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Najib's government is in the process ofimplementing its Government Transformation

Programme to improve the quality of publicservices, increase efficiency, and makegovernment more transparent.

Specific measures include the use of KeyPerformance Indicators to measure theperformance of officials and agencies and

National Key Result Areas to define goals forspecific areas of public policy


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New Economic Model: On 2 May 2009, Prime

Minister Najib Tun Razak announced thegovernments plan to develop a New

Economic Model that will speed Malaysia's

transition to a high income country. The planwill emphasise ways to increase the income

and productivity of workers by encouraging

knowledge industries and increasinginvestment from overseas.


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Thank you

Test


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Answer all questions Melaka (Malacca) played an important role in

the history of Malaysia. Explain the rise andfall of Melaka.

Give an account of the British involvement in

the Malay States and the reasons for itsintervention in administration.

Explain racial polarisation in the context of

Malaysia and how the Government dealt withit.

malaysian history 2010

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