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Malaysia

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Pre-independence History Post-independence History Life of Mahathir Mohammad Mahathir Mohammed as a Leader Achievements of Mahathir Current Malaysia Conclusion Questions and Answers Session

Layout of Presentation

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Presenters

Sohail MaqboolMaira RathoreHirra PervaizKhalid ShahSadia Niazi

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Mr. Sohail Maqbool

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MALAYSIA

“Important things happened not only centuries before, but also decades ago”

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AD 1400 S P Parameswara set up a trading base in

Malacca 1511

Portuguese took control 1641

Dutch captured Malacca 1786

British adventurer entered Penang Malay

Pre-Independence History at a Glimpse

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1824 Anglo-Dutch treaty signed, British controlled

Malacca, Singapore and Penang Dutch controlled Sumatra

1840s Influx of Chinese tin miners to the western coast

1919 British colonial rule throughout the peninsula

Pre-Independence History at a Glimpse

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1941 Japanese invaded and took control of Malaya

and ruled until 1945

1948 After the war, the British returned The Malays, Chinese and Indians joined

forces to form an Alliance to fight for independence

Pre-Independence History at a Glimpse

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31st August 1957Independence Day

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1957 On August 31, Federation of Malaya became

independent of Britain with Tunku Abdul Rahman as prime minister

1963 Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak joined the

Federation; Malaya became Malaysia 1965

Singapore withdrew from the Federation

Post-Independence History

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1970 Abdul Rahman's resignation, Tun Abdul

Razak became the 2nd prime minister and formed the political coalition

Post-Independence History

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Ms. Maira Rathore

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Malaysia grown rapidly into an important trading partner of both USA and Europe

A large Islamic nation with a diverse population of Malays, Chinese and Indians

Preserves many traditional values while adapting an increasingly international look

Emerging Malaysia

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Secret Behind the Success

There is only one top secret behind

the whole story i.e.

Mahathir Mohammad

“The National Hero”

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Mahathir Mohammad was born on December 20, 1925, in Alor Setar in Northern Malaysia

Graduated in 1953 from University of Malaya Singapore

According to Mahathir, “ This gave me a very good starting point in life:

a strong family, a solid education and a good religious grounding”

Elected to parliament in 1964 as a member of the United Malays National Organization (UMNO)

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In 1969 Mahathir was expelled from UMNO because of conflict with Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman

Rejoined UMNO in 1970 Reelected to its Supreme Council in 1972 and

to parliament in 1974 Later in 1974 appointed minister of

education. In 1976 he became deputy prime minister In June 1981 was elected president of UMNO.

Conti…

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Mahathir Mohammad as PM

He became prime Minister in July 1981

The first commoner to hold that office

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Reformed the tax structure and reduced trade tariffs

Privatized numerous state-owned enterprises

Abridge Malaysia’s ethnic divisions by increasing general prosperity

The NEP (New Economic Policy)has been replaced in 1991 by the NDP (New Development Policy)

Mahathir as PM Transformed Malaysia

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Malaysia prospered economically, with growing manufacturing sector an expanding middle class rising literacy rates increased life expectancies

Significant infrastructure project North-South Expressway, a highway that

runs from the Thai border to Singapore

Mahathir as PM Transformed Malaysia

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Mahathir says,“I inherited the strength of will and pragmatism

from previous prime ministers. From the 1st I learnt how to handle race relations. From 2nd I learnt pragmatism. I am less diplomatic. I feel

something is right and should be done, I will do it and will say it. That’s really the difference. All

these ideas were put in place by my predecessors, so I owe it to them.”

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Ms. Hirra Pervaiz

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Malays

MALAYS (Bumiputras, the sons of the soil)

Rice Cultivation- Common occupation

Live in Small Communities Have Limited Social

Contacts Mostly Poor and Illiterate

Chinese Chinese Mostly businessmen Healthy and influential Developed and

economically dominant  Socially effective educated

Example of positive discrimination between Malays and Chinese living in Malaysia

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Constructive protection was incorporated in NEP (New Economic Policy) by Abdul Razzak

According to Mahathir,

“ The principal purpose was to draw the Malays into the main stream of the country’s economic life. The idea isn’t to expropriate or redistribute the wealth of other ethnic groups, but to enrich the Malays through expanding ECONOMIC CAKE”

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Quotas were set and Malays receive a higher number of scholarships as per their deserving ratios

MCS (Malaysian Civil Service) Reforms in Malays land Reserve Laws Issuance of more business contracts and

licenses to Malays. Credits, office space and other benefits

and economic advantages

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Employment rate 4 million in 1970 4.8 million in 1980

Unemployment decreased from 7.8% to 5.7%

Average Annual Growth Rate 7.3% for 2nd plan period 8.6 for 3rd plan period

 

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Constructive protection (Positive Discrimination)

Peaceful coexistence Tolerance but not at the cost of principles Trust Social justice Desire to excel Visionary and committed Discourage hegemony Effective role in regional, Islamic and Int’l

Politics

Mahathir as a Leader

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Willing to learn Dare to take the challenge Communication skills Passion for belief Make a correct decision & work it out to

achieve the goals Understand the requirements of the

market place Sensitive to the fast changing world Professionally handle the Diversity at work

place Confident, responsible & visionary

Lessons We Can Learn From His Leadership

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1989 Communist Party of Malaysia signed peace accord to

abandon its armed struggle

1990 Sarawak Communist insurgent signed a peace accord with

the government

Vision 2020 through NDP 1993

4 Constitutional amendments to avoid delaying legislation

1998 Kuala Lumpur become the first Asian city to host the

Common Wealth Games

Achievements

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1999 Mahathir expelled Anwar his Deputy Prime Minister

from the party, United Malays National Organization (UMNO), found guilty and sentenced to nine years in prison

2001 Government decided to proceed with construction of

the huge Bakun hydroelectric power project in Sarawak

2002 Aug new laws against illegal immigrants came into

effect Modernization and rapid infrastructure development

Achievements

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Mr. Khalid Shah

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Malaysia After Mahathir’s Reign

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Current Malaysia

Datuk Seri Najib TunPrime Minister of

Malaysia

33Floating Mosque of Malaysia

Current Malaysia

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Current Malaysia Official Languages

Bahasa Melayu Other Languages

Chinese , English, Tamil, indigenous Work force (10.89 million, 2007)

Services: 57% Industry: 28% (manufacturing-19%, mining and

construction-9%) Agriculture-15%

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Area: 329,847 sq. km Capital: Kuala Lumpur Population 29,179,952 (July 2011 est.) Annual population growth rate 1.542%

(2011 est.) 2.0%, (2010) Ethnic groups: (2012) Malay and

Indigenous 61.4%, Chinese 23.7%, Indian 7.1%, others 7.8%

Religions: (2012) Islam 60.4%, Buddhist 19.2%, Christian 9.1%, Hindu 6.3%, Other 5%

Current Malaysia

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ECONOMY

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Nominal GDP:  $247.6 billion (2011 est.) GDP - per capita (PPP):  $9204 Natural resources Agricultural products Industry

ECONOMY

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Trade Marchandise Exports: $212.7

billion (2011 est.),  $197billion(2010) Electronic products, machinery, liquid

natural gas, petroleum and petroleum products, telecom equipment.

Major markets China , Singapore, Japan, U.S. , Thailand

ECONOMY

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Import and Export

Imports: $168 billion (2011 est.),

Electronics Machinery Petroleum Products Plastics Vehicles Iron and Steel Products

Exports: $212.7 billion (2011 est.),

Electronic Equipment Petroleum and Liquefied

Natural gas Wood and its Products Palm Oil Rubber Textile

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Education expenditures: 4.1% of GDP (2008)

Budget: RM30 billion (USD10 billion) Literacy (2000 census) Total Population: 88.7% Male: 92%  Female: 85.4% (2000 census)  Literacy (2009 census) Total Population: 95%

Education

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Ms. Sadia Niazi

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Government

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Federal parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch

Constitution: 1957 Subdivisions: 13 states and three federal

territories (Kuala Lumpur, Labuan Island, Putrajaya federal administrative territory).

Each state has an assembly and government headed by a chief minister

GOVERNMENT

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Executive Legislative Judicial

Branches of Government

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 LAND ARMY (2011) Total Land Weapons: 2,465 Tanks: 74 Towed Artillery: 54 Mortars: 200 AT Weapons: 1,124  AA Weapons: 733  Logistical Vehicles: 3,200

Malaysian Military Strength

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NAVAL POWER (2011) Total Navy Ships: 65 Merchant Marine Strength: 321 Major Ports & Terminals: 5  Submarines: 2  Frigates: 4  Patrol Craft: 37  Mine Warfare Craft: 4  Amphibious Assault Craft: 1

Malaysian Military Strength

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AIR POWER (2011) Total Aircraft: 258 Helicopters: 103 Serviceable Airports: 118

 

Malaysian Military Strength

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Transport of Malaysia

One of the world’s best transport system is in Malaysia

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Some quotes by Mahathir Mohammad

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“I'm a fundamentalist in the true sense. That is to say, I follow the

fundamentals of religion... But for over 1,400 years people have been

interpreting and re-interpreting the religion to suit their own purpose! ...

These [extremist and terrorist acts] are not Islamic fundamentals any more

than the Christians who burned people at the stake are fundamentalist. They

are actually deviating from the teachings of the religion!”

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“The financial turmoil has underscored the many challenges inherent in

globalization, ... Even as we embrace it, we must be wary of the dangers

which accompany it.”

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“If that is everybody's desire we will have to consider it”

“I have promised not to interfere in politics and I have not said anything about many things which were done

wrong”

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Conclusion

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