Making InferencesPage 17 (My World of English)

Textual

Informatio

n

Prior Knowledge

Inferences

is the process of reading all the details and decide what the passage means.

Read these examples. During the two world wars, musicians went to hospitals to play music for thousands of war veterans suffering from both the physical and emotional traumas of war. A definite improvement was seen in the patients, so special requests were made from the medical field to hire musicians who would help in the healing process. Today, scientific studies show that patients who listen to music need fewer drugs and recover more quickly. This is because music helps in bringing about certain physical changes which can change the body. How it works is not very clear. One theory is that the sounds vibrate cells, organ and tissues, like an internal massage. As the vibrations press on sensors close to the skin’s surface, they suppress the pain!Inference: Music has healing powers.

Drawing ConclusionsPage 24 (My World of English)

Conclusion

Read the sentences carefully.

Analyze the general

thought or idea from

the details.

Analyze the main idea and the

purpose of the text.

Read these examples.

Ancient East Indians, Persians, Egyptians, Arabians and Hebrews wore earrings. They were expensive and artistic ornaments even made of gold, that took the form of flowers, fruits, vases, rosettes, crescents, birds and so on. The Greeks also made beautiful earrings that they put even on statues of goddesses. The Romans also copied the Greeks.Conclusion: C People pierced their ears even in prehistoric times.

Sequence of EventsPage 34 (My World of English)

Chronological Order

Historical Events

BiographiesProcedures

Signal Words like

first, second, third…

In 1977, the Mars centennial was observed. A century earlier, an Italian astronomer, Giovanni Schiarparelli, sighted two moons on Mars – Phobos and Deimos. He also reported seeing canals on the surface of the planet. More recently, scientists, after a careful study, have declared that the ‘canals’ are just surface markings on the planet.

Inference: 2 C: Andrea Gail met a sorry fate against the Perfect Storm.

Inference: 3 A: Some people hack for certain causes.Inference: 4 D: Perry Mason was a fictional lawyer who caught the public imagination.

Inference: 5 C: The boy has to repeat the class.

Inference: 6 A: The advertisement is a training program.

Inference: 6 B: The target audience for the advertisement is for the youth.

Inference: 6 C: The offer is open to those who have a knowledge about the topic.

Inference: 6 D: Those who enlist must be available for two days of the week.

1. The man who lived alone on an island for four years was Alexander Selkirk.

The evidence: “The story of Alexander Selkirk is very pleasing.”

2. The man belonged to the country of Scotland.

The evidence: He made himself known, and the captain willingly agreed to carry him back to his own country. When he reached Scotland…

Text 1

3. Daniel Defoe was popular in his time because he wrote interesting stories for people.

The evidence: a writer of books. He had written many stories which people at that time liked to read.

4. The man on the island became famous because people were interested to hear about his adventures and Defoe’s book about him even more famous.The evidence: Everybody was eager to hear him tell of his adventures, and he soon found himself famous. ‘The Adventures of Robinson Crusoe’ – Many boys and indeed many girls have read his story.

1. The narrator is not very old. = True

The evidence: I thought of what my mother would say and my father would do.

2. The narrator felt he would be sacked because he had probably done something wrong and was caught with seventeen oranges on him.The evidence: I looked at the seventeen oranges, and I looked at my apron with the broken string; The evidence was there before me on the table.

Text 2

3. The narrator’s state of mind is troubled and full of fear.

The evidence: I felt awful then; I was ruined for life.

4. The narrator probably escaped punishment because he ate up all the oranges, peel, pips and all.

The evidence: “Eat them!” spoke a voice in my head;Then the evidence will be gone.

1. All activities are short lived and ever changing. = True

The evidence: For everything there is a season,A time for every activity under heavenA time to be born and a time to die.2. The actions mentioned in the poem are contradictory. = True

The evidence: A time to kill and a time to healA time to tear down and a time to build upA time to cry and a time to laugh

Text 3

3. It is better to remain silent against injustices. = Not trueThe evidence: A time to be quiet and a time to speak

4. ‘Reduce, reuse, recycle’ is part of the rhythms of life. = TrueThe evidence: A time to keep and a time to throw awayA time to tear and a time to mend

5. Conflict must give way to harmony. = TrueThe evidence: A time to kill and a time to healA time for war and a time for peace

2. What can you conclude from the passage?d. Satire is a literary form through which society is criticized.

3. From the details, we can conclude that the Marquis...a. was a powerful and feared man who wielded a lot of power.

Drawing Conclusions

4. The poet says that….c. learned and fluent people are treated badly.

5. What is the purpose of the instructions?b. How to observe meteors.

6. What can you conclude from the passage?c. Conquering the South Pole was a greater challenge.

Drawing Conclusions

1. Nobel made the discovery of dynamite______b. by sheer chance

2. Nitroglycerin was a dangerous chemical probably because__________d. It was explosive by nature.

Drawing Conclusions: A (Pages 26-27)

3. Nobel was wrong about the future use of dynamite because_______d. it led to the development of better explosives.

1. The narrator is probably travelling______a. In a space vehicle

2. He was coming from__________

a. planet Moon

Drawing Conclusions: B (Pages 27-28)

3. The discomfort he experienced was because_______

b. They were entering another planet’s atmosphere.

1. The journey being referred to is______a. The annual migration

2. It was not safe to set out in the day hours because__________c. They could get attacked by other birds of prey.

Drawing Conclusions: c (Page 28)

3. A bird’s brain was better than a computer because_______c. Its memory was better and it instinctively knew its migration route.

1. The interview is for______b. The post of the temple priest

2. The young man was late because__________

d. He had stopped to clear the path up the mountain.

Drawing Conclusions: D (Page 29)

3. The manager selected the young man for the post because_______c. He thought of his fellow beings more than himself.

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C:

Conclusion: Lac bangles originate from insects.(Correct)

Conclusion: There are common links between the fictional tale and the real flight to the moon.

C:

Conclusion: Stan Munro’s interest in toothpick architecture began early in life.Conclusion: A giraffe can camouflage itself.

Conclusion: Man is a threat to the blue-ringed octopus.

Truffle

Conclusion: Truffle is a natural, flavor-enhancing ingredient enjoyed by Italians. (Correct)

Himeji Castle

D:1.What can you conclude about the Himeji Castle?The Himeji Castle is typical example of a castle of the Middle Ages very majestic with strong fortification and built to withstand fierce attacks.2. What can you conclude about measurement of speed at sea?Speed at sea is still measured in knots.3. What can you conclude about Native American beliefs in a person’s name?Native Americans choose names very carefully as a person’s name has a significant influence on his/her life.

4. What can you conclude about how dangerous some animals are?Some animals can continue to be dangerous even when they are dead.5. What can you conclude about the growth of the World Cup?World Cup Football has grown more and more popular over the years with a huge audience following the game around the world.6. What can you conclude about the creativity and enterprise of the immigrants in prison?The prisoners were extremely creative and hardworking. They used their talent to make things that could be sold for a profit as well as draw attention to their situation.

1.5 Sequence of Events (Page 35)B

1. There are three time clues in the passage. (First, The next step, Finally)

2. The first step while preparing a speech is D: decide on the topic or main idea.

3. The most important point to remember while making a speech is C: the logic of the message.

1.5 Sequence of Events (Page 35)C

1. There are four time clues in the passage. (In 1990, almost six years, in July 1977 and in July 2007)

2. The first step to the Harry Potter series was A: the idea that occurred to J K Rowling.

3. The last event in the Harry Potter series was D: the publication of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows.

1.5 Sequence of Events (Page 35)D

1. There are three time clues in the passage. (At first, The next phase, and By the Cretaceous period)

2. The first plants were D: ferns and conifers.

3. Ancient forests that still exist today were formed in the B: Jurassic period.

E: Number the sentences 1 to 6 in the right sequence.

1. The Tea Act was passed.

2. British tea was to be sold at a cheap rate in America.

3. American traders and wholesalers were angry.

4. They decided to protest.

5. The Boston Tea Party incident was planned.

6. Tea was thrown into the sea.

F: Number the sentences 1 to 8 in the right sequence.

1. Get some powdered dessert mix.

2. Mix in water and red food coloring.

3. Add less water for a thicker texture.

4. Add more water for a thinner texture.

5. Add some detergent to the mixture.

6. It helps to get the ‘blood’ stains off.

7. Avoid too much detergent in the mixture.

8. It might cause more foam than ‘blood’!

G: Number the sentences 1 to 6 in the right sequence.

1. The Eiffel Tower

2. The Metropolitan Life Tower

3. the Woolworth Building

4. the Bank of Manhattan Building

5. The Chrysler Building

6. the famous Empire State Building

A1. Olympics light heavyweight gold medal2. Clay’s bicycle was stolen3. Won first professional fight4. 6 Kentucky Golden Gloves, 2 National Golden Gloves, 2 National Amateur Athletic Union titles5. 19-0 record with 15 knock-outs6. year of birth7. passion for boxing8. Sportsman of the Century

H: Read the following paragraph. Match the time periods in column B with the events they refer to in column A.

Ba) 17 January, 1942b) began at the age of twelvec) awarded in 1999d) until 1963e) in 1954f) soon after he turned eighteeng) in October 1960h) before he turned eighteen

f

egh

dabc