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Making African Instruments
Learning Objective: To investigate and analyse African musical instruments.
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Think, pair, share... How many different musical instruments
can you name?
Do you have a favourite musical
instrument? Do you play a musical instrument
yourself?
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Have a look at these musical instruments. How are they played? What sort of sound do they make? How does the musician change the pitch or volume of the sound?
Guitar
Violin
Clarinet
Drum
Flute
Trumpet
Xylophone
Tambourine
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Violin
A string instrument’s sound is made by the strings vibrating caused by the musician plucking, strumming or using a bow. The sound can made louder by including a resonating chamber (the hollow part with a hole e.g. in a guitar
or violin) in the instrument or by plucking the string with more force.
The pitch is changed by changing the length or thickness of the string. On a guitar or violin the musician places their fingers on the strings to shorten them.
Guitar
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A woodwind or brass instrument’s sound is produced when the musician blows into the instrument, vibrating their lips, a reed in the mouthpiece or
the air when blowing onto an edge e.g. the flute.Clarinet
Flute
Trumpet
Musicians can change the pitch by altering the size or length of the
chamber the air vibrates in by opening or closing valves or covering holes. The
pitch can also be changed in some instruments by the strength of the
breath the musician uses.
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Percussion instruments are usually played by scraping, hitting or shaking the instrument.
Some percussion instruments are not made
to produce different pitches although some
sounds can be changed by hitting the instrument in
different ways or in different places e.g. a drum.
The volume of these instruments can usually by changed by increasing the
force in which they are struck, scraped or shaken.
Xylophone
Tambourine
Drum
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Today we will be exploring African music
and instruments! Think, pair, share...
Do you know anything about African music or
instruments?
Songs and musical techniques are passed down through word of mouth. Very few things are written down,
creating a whole genre of individual and improvised music.
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Music is an integral part of African culture and society. For many cultures it is an important part of religious ceremonies, rituals and everyday life. Everyone will take part by singing,
dancing or playing an instrument.
Rhythms are generally made using percussion
instruments and normally accompanied by vocals.
They are layered on top of one another to create
complex polyrhythmic patterns that may not
always match harmoniously.
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African music as a genre aims to celebrate and express life and movement. Songs are energetic and lively.
Click the picture to listen to some traditional African music.
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How would you describe the sound of
African music?
What instruments could you hear?
What is your opinion of African music?Does this kind of
music remind you of anything?
What do you think this piece of
music is being performed for?
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Let’s look at some African instruments…This is a kalimba.
What kind of sound do you think
it makes?How does it make
a sound?
What is it made from? What other
instrument is it similar to?
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Let’s look at some African instruments…This is a djembe (jem-bay) drum
What kind of sound do you think
it makes?
How does it make a sound?
What is it made from?
What other instrument is it
similar to?
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Let’s look at some African instruments…This is a shekere (shay-ker-ay)
What kind of sound do you think
it makes?
How does it make a sound?
What is it made from?
What other instrument is it
similar to?
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Let’s look at some African instruments…These are caxixis (ka-shee-shee)
What kind of sound do you think
they make?
How do they make a sound?
What are they made from?
What other instrument are they
similar to?
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Let’s look at some African instruments…This is a vuvuzela (voo-voo-zay-luh)
What kind of sound do you think
it makes?
How does it make a sound?
What is it made from?
What other instrument is it
similar to?
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Plenary
What similarities can you see between the
African instruments you have investigated?
Why do you think instruments and music are so important to African
culture?
Think about their decoration, materials, sounds
and designs.