Major Developments in Psychology!

1850-2000

Dualism – 1600’s

Mind and Body are separate and distinct!?!

Rene’ Descartes – proposes that there is a link that exists between the two! (mid 1600’s)

1853 – First use of the term Psychology!

Brain surgery in the 1860’s Paul Broca

identifies the brain’s speech center

If smart people marry, they will have smart kids!?!?

1876 – Sir Francis Galton proposes that heredity determines intelligence.

Also assumed the wealthiest people were the most intelligent!?!

The Father of Psychology 1879 – Wilhelm

Wundt sets up first psychology laboratory.

Structuralism –How do people think –

introspection…self observation and those of clients.

1884 – Functionalism William James

develops Functionalism

Functionalism – studies how animals and people adapt to their environment…

Survival of the species.

1900 – Sigmund Freud! Publishes “The

Interpretation of Dreams.”

Father of Psychoanalysis….

The unconscious mind….primitive biological urges…that are in conflict with society and morality.

1901 – Ring a bell and I’ll salivate!

Ivan Pavlov Discovers

conditioned reflex Operant

Conditioning

1913 – Behaviorism John Watson –

investigated observable behavior!

1923 – Jean Piaget! Language and

Thought of Children gets published.

Developmental Psychology!

1948 – B.F. Skinner Introduces the idea

of reinforcement Reward good

behavior to continue it.

1951 – Humanistic Psychology Carl Rogers Abraham Maslow

1970 – Self Actualization

How each person is unique and has a self concept and potential to develop fully.

1990’s – Sociocultural Psycholoy

influence of cultural and ethnic similarities and differences of behavior and social functioning

Biological PsychologyGenetic factors influence a wide variety

of human behaviors. i.e. autism and twins….identical vs. fraternal

Four Goals of Psychology 1. Describe

2. Explain

3. Predict

4. Influence

Scientific Method

Identify a specific problem or question Formulate a Hypothesis Collect Data through Observation and

Experimentation Analyze the Data Conclusion- Prove or Disprove