maintenance of traffic (mot) training for incident

Maintenance of Traffic (MOT) Training for Incident Responders

in Florida

Prepared by: CUTR, USF & FDOT

Sponsored by: FDOT/FHWA/FAU

Welcome and Logistics

• Restrooms• Emergency exits• Breaks• No smoking• Cell phones/radios

Course Outline

• Module 1: Introduction & Crash and Safety• Module 2: Legal and Liability Issues & FDOT Safety

Policies and Procedures• Module 3: 3C among Incident Responders• Module 4: Highway Terminology• Module 5: MOT Concept• Module 6: Safe Parking• Module 7: MOT through TIM Area• Module 8: MOT Examples• Module 9: Tabletop Case Exercises

Module 1

Introduction & Crash and Safety

MOT Training for Incident Responders in Florida

Module 1

Introduction

Module 1

Objectives of the Course

Instruct incident responders on the proper useof Temporary Traffic Control (TTC) at trafficincident management areas to:– Protect incident responders– Move road users reasonably, safely and expeditiously

past or around the traffic incident– Reduce the likelihood of secondary traffic crashes– Preclude unnecessary use of the surrounding local

road system.

Module 1

We Want You…

To Return Home Safely To Your Family Every Night!

Module 1

Carrie Pratt | Times

Pictures: Danger on I-95 – South Florida Sun-Sentinel.com

Module 1

Incident Responses

• Exposure time is critical– Who is at risk?

• Responders• Public• Victims of the crash/incident

• Shutting down traffic increases the risk of secondary incidents

• 1 minute of stopped traffic causes a 5 min delay

Module 1Video: Your Vest Won’t Stop This Bullet

Module 1

STOP/SAFE

• STOP location

• Awareness of traffic

• Find an escape route

• Enter traffic safely

Module 1Video: Seattle Wave: The Far-reaching Impact of Traffic Incidents

Module 1

Reduction of Capacity Under Incident Conditions

• A 2 lane interstate highway facility has a reduction of 5% on the capacity with a simple vehicle stop on the shoulder.

• In a 2 lanes interstate highway facility a shoulder accident causes a 20% reduction on capacity.

• For a 3 lanes interstate highway facility a one (1) lane blocked by an accident or any event causes a 50% reduction on capacity.

Module 1

Maximum Reduction on Total Traffic Flow

20%5%

Module 1

Maximum Reduction on Total Traffic Flow

50%

Module 1

Crash and Safety

Module 1

Florida Challenge

• Has an area of 65,758 square miles

• Geographically is the 22nd largest state

• Population is 18.3 million

– 4th in the US

Source: FDOT Office of Policy Planning

Module 1

Total Crashes in Florida

200,000

210,000

220,000

230,000

240,000

250,000

260,000

270,000

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Source: DHSMV-Traffic Crash Statistics Report 2006

Module 1

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Alcohol-Related Crashes Speeding Involved Crashes

Florida, Alcohol and Speeding Crashes Statistics (Trend of Fatalities)

Source: NHTSA Traffic Safety Facts 2005

Module 1

1917

14

23

0

5

10

15

20

25

2006200520042003

Fire/EMS/Police Fatalities “Struck by Vehicles”

Source: US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics

Module 1

Incident Responders “Struck by…”

• Drivers – Distracted– Inexperienced– Unfocused– Tired– just plain… Dumb

Module 1

Module 1

Florida’s “Struck-by” histories

• Justin Thomas Willis, (December 2001) a FDOT District Seven Road Ranger

• Was killed by a hit and run driver who struck him while he was assisting at a traffic incident.

• The hit and run driver was never identified.

Module 1


• June 8, 2002– A 26-year-old male career fire fighter (the victim)

died and another career fire fighter was injured.

• Both the victim and the injured fire fighter were off-duty, and had stopped to aid a trapped motorist in an overturned vehicle in the median of a highway.

Full Story

Module 1

Florida’s “Struck-by” histories (cont.)

• February 15, 2006– A Broward County sheriff's deputy killed

• The deputy was conducting a routine traffic stop when struck and killed by a driver with a suspended license

Full Story

Module 1


• Donald M. Bradshaw, (March 5, 2006) a FDOT District Seven Road Ranger

• Was killed by a drunk driver in the early morning hours, while assisting at a crash scene on I-275.– The drunk driver passed stopped cars, barreled

through flares and traffic cones and hit Donald Bradshaw, who was shutting down southbound traffic near the Howard-Armenia exit.

Module 1


• Road Ranger critically injured on I-95

Module 1


• Florida Highway Patrol Trooper injured on I-10

Module 1


• Florida Highway Patrol vehicle was stuck and a Wrecker injured on I-95

Module 1

END

Question or Comments

Module 2

Legal and Liability Issues


Module 2

Objectives

Provide Incident Responders with informationon tort liability and guidelines to protectthemselves from liability.

Module 2

Incident Responders Duties

• Perform your duties as safely as possible• Minimize the chance or probability of injury to

our fellow man• Maintain and provide our roadways in a safe

condition• Shield motorists from undue hazards• Return to your home safely every night

Module 2

Legal Action

• Can legal action be taken against a GovernmentAgency?

Module 2

Who can be sued?

• Federal Government• State Government• County & City Governments• Contractors• Government Employees• Utility Companies• Individual Workers• Almost anyone

Module 2

Tort Liability

Government agencies, contracting individualswho are engaged in working on our streets andinterstate highways, are subject to legal actionunder the law of Tort Liability.

Module 2

Elements Necessary for Every Tort Action

• Defendant must have a duty to perform• Defendant must have failed to responsibly perform

his/her duty• Defendant’s failure (negligence) was directly

responsible for the injury or damage• Plaintiff was not guilty of contributing to the cause

of the incident• Plaintiff incurred damages resulting from the

incident

Module 2

How to Protect Yourselves

• Properly install Traffic Controls at incident sites• Properly use emergency warning lights and

arrow boards• Perform your duties in accordance with the

techniques learned through the training courseand on-the-job training

• Perform your duties as a professional

Module 2

Safety Policies & Procedures

Module 2

FL State Statutes

• 316.061• 316.072• 316.126(1)(b)• 316.1945• 768.13

Module 2

FL State Statute 316.061

• Move It – It’s the Law• Crashes involving damage to vehicle or property

• If a damaged vehicle is obstructing traffic– the driver of such vehicle must make every reasonable effort

to move the vehicle or have it moved so as not to block theregular flow of traffic.

• Employees or authorized agents– may undertake the removal from the main traveled way

of roads on its highway system of all vehiclesincapacitated as a result of a motor vehicle crash…

Read Statute 316.061

Module 2


• Obedience to and effect of traffic laws• The driver of an authorized emergency vehicle,

except when otherwise directed by a police officer,may:– Park or stand, irrespective of any provision– Pass a red signal or stop sign, only after slowing down as may

be necessary for safe operation– Exceed the maximum speed limits and disregard direction or

movement or turning in specified location, as the driver doesnot endanger life or property


Module 2

FL State Statute 316.126(1)(b)

• Move Over Act

• Operation of vehicles and actions ofpedestrians on approach of authorizedemergency vehicle

• The “Move Over Act” requires motorists toapproach cautiously when an emergency vehicleis stopped ahead with its lights flashing


Module 2


• Stopping, standing, or parking prohibited inspecified places

• A vehicle may not be parked in excess of 6 hours onthe roadway or shoulder of a limited access facility– This provision is not applicable to a person stopping a

vehicle to render aid to an injured person or assistance toa disabled vehicle in obedience to the directions of a lawenforcement officer or to a person stopping a vehicle incompliance with applicable traffic laws.


Module 2


• Good Samaritan Act; immunity from civilliability

• Any person who gratuitously and ingood faith renders emergency care ortreatment shall not be held liable for anycivil damages.

Read Statute 768.13

Module 2

Open Road Policy

Quick Clearance for Safety and Mobility

• Encourage all agencies (Incident Responders) towork together in order to quickly restore thetraffic flow to its normal condition

• …all incidents be cleared from the travel lanewithin 90 minutes of the arrival of the firstresponding officer

Open Road Policy

Module 2

Non-cargo Spills Mitigation

• Vehicles fluid – non cargo liquid materials thatare spilled from the vehicle

• Examples– gasoline or diesel fuel– motor oil– coolants– transmission oil– break fluids– hydraulic fluids

FL Vehicle Spill Guidelines

Module 2


• Apply only to spilled motor vehicle fluids fromprivate and commercial vehicles used for theoperation of the vehicle

• This does not cover: Hazardous MaterialCargo Spill!

Module 2


• Prompt intervention would reduce congestionimpact and secondary incidents as a result ofextended traffic blockages.

• Responders should have completed the“Awareness” level of Hazardous MaterialTraining.

Module 2

Quick Action Guide

• Identify spill as a vehicle fluid• Stop leaking material at the source

If you don’t know what it is, leave it…• Contain and limit spill from spreading• Apply available absorbents

Module 2

END


Module 3

Communication, Coordination, and Cooperation among Incident Responders


Module 3

Communication, Coordination, and Cooperation

• Communication– exchange of information between organizations – better understand each other

• Coordination– work together to achieve a goal (efficiently)– decrease overlap, redundancy and/or separation

• Cooperation– get with the group side by side (“team player”)

Module 3

Effective Incident Response

Incident Responders need to:• Fulfill responsibilities under the law, and

accomplish necessary actions without exceeding their statutory authority

• Coordinate and cooperate closely with all response agencies to mitigate such incidents

Module 3

Detection & Verification

• Detection – the determination that an incident had occurred

(This includes the relay of information to the appropriate response agencies)

• Verification – the determination of the precise location and

nature of the incident

Module 3

Response & Clearance

• Response – the activation, coordination, and management of

all appropriate personnel, and equipment

• Clearance – the opening of all lanes

Module 3

Interagency Incident Management

• Communication processes are vital

• Requires the cooperation and coordinated efforts of all involved agencies

• Understand and accept the priorities, needs, limitations and expertise of all other involved agencies

Module 3

Management Function

Under an Interagency Incident Management structure, the question isn’t so much “Who’s in charge?” but “Who’s in charge of what?”

Module 3

Video: The Many HATS of Highway Incident Management

Module 3

Unified Incident Management

• Agencies participate by:– Cooperating in determining overall goals and objectives– Conducting joint preparation for operational activities– Conducting integrated operations– Providing integrated communications between all

agencies – Maximizing use of all available resources– Recognizing the value of the services of every involved

agency, and– Insuring that individual or organizational egos do not

enter the equation.

Module 3

National Unified Goal for TIM

• Responder safety

• Safe, quick clearance

• Prompt, reliable, interoperable communications

Source: I-95 Corridor Coalition – Toolkit and Workshops for Quick Clearance

Module 3

TIM Goals

• Reduce incident-related congestion• Improve response and clearance times• Prevent secondary collisions• Improve traffic flow and air quality• Decrease the economic impact of incidentsAnd most importantly…• Improve responder and motorist safety


Module 3

KEY!

• Communications

• Coordination

• Cooperation

• Consensus


Module 3

END


Module 4

Highway Terminology


Module 4

Highway Terminology

Standardized names and terms have been developed to identify specific features of any street, road or highway where an incident may occur.

– Reduce confusion– Improve the safety of responders– Make operations at the scene more efficient

Module 4

Shoulders

• The pavement adjacent to travel lanes

• Referenced by:

– Inside or Outside

Module 4

Median

• The center of the roadway

Module 4

Lane Referencing

• Numbered from outside to inside– Should not be referenced as the “slow lane” or the

“fast lane”

• Acceleration and deceleration lanes at interchanges will not be numbered except in the case of lane drops or adds

Module 4

2 13

2 31

Shoulder

Shoulder

Median

Inside

6-lane divided highway

Shoulder

Shoulder

Outside

Inside Outside23 1

2 31

Module 4Lane Drop Deceleration Lane

Shoulder Shoulder

23 1

23 1

Inside Outside

Shoulder Shoulder

Inside

23

Outside

4 1

23 1

Module 4

Upstream and Downstream

• Upstream – Any area of a highway or any moving traffic that is

approaching the actual incident or activity area

• Downstream – Area that is past the incident scene

Module 4

Downstream

Upstream

Incident

Module 4

END


Module 5

Maintenance of Traffic Concept During a Traffic Incident


Module 5

Incident

• Transportation providers definition

vs.

• Emergency responders definition

Source: FHWA, Incident Management Performance Measures

Module 5

Transportation Providers

• Traffic Incident Management Handbook defines an “incident” as "any non-recurring event that causes a reduction of roadway capacity or an abnormal increase in demand."

• The 2000 Highway Capacity Manual defines an “incident” as being "any occurrence on a roadway that impedes normal traffic flow."

Module 5

Emergency Responders

• Most law enforcement agencies and emergency responders seem to define an "incident" as any event to which they are dispatched or requires a "response" or action by them.

Module 5

Types of Incidents

Module 5

Predictable

• Maintenance Activities

• Construction Activities

• Special Events

Module 5

Unpredictable

• Accidents (Crashes)

• Stalled Vehicles• Spilled Loads• Weather• Roadway Failures• Debris falling from trucks

Module 5

Incidents

• Create non-recurring traffic congestion– 60% of all congestion

• Cause secondary crashes

Module 5

Highway Standards

• Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)

• State Departments of Transportation

• Local Municipal Governments

Module 5

MUTCD

• Chapter 6I of the2003 MUTCD

• “Control of TrafficThrough TrafficIncident ManagementAreas”

Module 5

Major provisions

• Classify incidents by expected duration• Recommend interagency pre-planning and

management (“unified incident management”)• “Fluorescent Coral” background/black letters

permitted for signs in incident traffic control zones

• Recommendations on use of Emergency Vehicle Lighting

Module 5

Incident Classification

• Level 1 – Minor–under 30 minutes

• Level 2 – Intermediate–from 30 minutes to 2 hours

• Level 3 – Major–over 2 hours

Source: TIM Handbook & MUTCD 2003 Chapter 6

Module 5

Temporary Traffic Control Zones

Module 5

Temporary Traffic Control Zones

Divided into four areas:

• Advance Warning Area • Transition Area • Activity Area• Termination Area

Module 5Source: MUTCD 2003 Chapter 6

Component Parts of a Temporary Traffic

Control Zone

Module 5

Advance Warning Area

• First section that informs drivers about the incident area they are approaching

• Vary from a single sign or warning light on a vehicle to a series of warning signs– Examples: cones, flares, or emergency vehicles far in

advance of the actual incident (crash or fire scene)

Module 5

Transition Area

• Section of highway where road users are redirected out of their normal path. – Usually involve strategic use of tapers.

Module 5

Taper

• When emergency responders use signs, cones, flares, or blocking vehicles to direct approaching traffic from the normal traffic lanes into a fewer number of open lanes.

• Executed within the Transition Area of an incident scene.

Module 5

Taper

Picture: Safe Parking…While Operating In or Near Moving Traffic, Texas FD

Module 5

Activity Area

• Section of the highway where the work activity takes place

• It is comprised of the Work Area, the Traffic Space and the Buffer Space

Module 5

Work Area

• Section of highway closed to road users and set aside for responders (workers), equipment, and material

• Usually delineated for road users by channelizing devices

Module 5

Work Area

Picture: Danger on I-95 – South Florida Sun-Sentinel.com

Module 5

Traffic Space

• Section of highway in which road users are routed through the activity area

Module 5

Buffer Space

• The area that separates road user flow from the work space or an unsafe area

• Provides some recovery space for an errant vehicle

Module 5

Incident Responders

Responders arriving at a traffic incident within 15 minutes of arrival on-scene should:– Estimate the magnitude of the traffic incident – Predict time duration of the traffic incident– Estimate vehicle queue length– Set up the appropriate Temporary Traffic

Control for these estimates

Module 5

Highway Safety Principles

Module 5

Stopping Sight Distance

• The distance traveled from the time a driver first detects the need to stop until the vehicle actually stops

Module 5

Perception/Reaction Distance

• Distance traveled by a vehicle from the instant the driver sees an object to the instant the brakes are applied

Module 5

What is the typical driver’s perception/reaction time value?

• 0.5 seconds• 1.0 seconds• 1.5 seconds• 2.5 seconds • 4.0 seconds

• Be prepared for drivers who do not react . . .

Module 5

Braking Distance

• Distance traveled by a vehicle from the instant the brakes lock up until the vehicle stops.

Speed (mph) Distance (ft)60 34665 40570 47075 540

Source: AASHTO Green Book 2001

Module 5

Total Stopping Sight Distance(based on 2.5-sec Perception/Reaction Time)

Note: Commercial vehicles require much longer distances.

60 Mph

65 Mph

70 Mph

Module 5

Highway Safety Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and Signaling

Equipment

Module 5

Personal Protective Equipment “PPE”

• Section 6E.02 of the MUTCD

– Requires that workers shall wear bright, highly visible clothing when working in or near moving traffic

– Fire/Rescue personnel, EMS crews, law enforcement officials and even tow truck operators

• PPE – General requirements Standard 29 CFR 1910.132 (OSHA)

Module 5

ANSI/ISEA Public Safety Vest Requirements

Source: Emergency Responder Safety Institute

Background Material Minimum 450 in2

Retroreflective/Combined-Performance Material

Minimum Width 1.97 in Minimum Area 201 in2

The Vest shall have contiguous areas of retroreflective or combined-

performance material encircling the torso – placed in a manner to

provide 3600 visibility

ANSI 207-2006 Standard

VestClass II

Module 5

Highway Safety Vests

• All incident responders shall comply with thisprovision no later than November 24, 2008.

VestClass III

Source: Federal Register / Vol. 71, No. 226 / Rules and Regulations Part 634 – Worker Visibility Sec. 634.4

Module 5

Question??

• At night – How far away can a driver see you?

Source: ANSI/ISEA 107-1999 MADE EASY. A Quick Reference to High-Visibility Safety Apparel

Module 5

Traffic Control Devices

Module 5


• To promote highway safety by providing for the orderly and predictable movement of all traffic and to provide guidance and warning as needed

• Examples:– Signs– Channelizing devices– Lighting devices– Shadow vehicles

Module 5

Warning Signs

• Warning signs are used to give notice of an unexpected condition or a condition that may be potentially hazardous to traffic.

Picture: KTC, Emergency Traffic Control for Responders-Training

Module 5

Examples of TIM Area Signs

Source: MUTCD 2003 Chapter 6 Figure 6I-1

Module 5

Warning Signs - Placement

• Right/Left-hand side of roadway• As near to the edge of the road as possible, but

no closer than 2 feet• Right angles, facing traffic• No obstructions• In advance of hills and curves

Module 5Source: Emergency Traffic Accommodation – A Guide for First Responders

Incorrect Placement

Module 5

Correct Placement

Source: Emergency Traffic Accommodation – A Guide for First Responders

Module 5Source: Emergency Traffic Accommodation – A Guide for First Responders

IncorrectPlacement

CorrectPlacement

Module 5

Channelizing Devices

• Their function is to warn road users of conditions created by work activities in or near the roadway and to guide road users

• Channelizing devices include:– cones – tubular markers– vertical panels – drums – barricades– temporary raised islands

Module 5


• Florida Design Standard, Series 600 requirements:

– FDOT approved number shall be engraved on the device

– Traffic control devices must be on the Qualified Product List

Module 5

Cones

• Cones shall be predominantly orange

• Shall be made of a material that can be struck without causing damage to the impacting vehicle

Module 5

Cones

• One solution to carrying 28-inch traffic cones within the limited storage space on most responders vehicles is the ‘collapsible’ cones.

• Four 28-inch tall Pop-UpR cones only occupy a 12-inch high stack when stored.


Module 5

Flares

• Work well at night to warn motorists of lane changes and merges due to the bright red light they emit as they burn

• The visibility of traffic cones can be increased under night conditions by deploying flares and cones together

Module 5

Flares

When flares are placed near a traffic cone, the light given off by the flare not only warns upstream traffic but illuminates the cone as well

Module 5

Flashlights

Specially designed orange cones that fit over the end of a flashlight to improve their usefulness for traffic control.

Module 5

Emergency-Vehicle Light

• Essential in the initial stages of a traffic incident

• Provide safety to emergency responders and persons involved in the traffic incident, as well as road users approaching the traffic incident

• Example:– high-intensity rotating, flashing, oscillating or strobe

lights

Module 5

Emergency-Vehicle Light

• In multi-lane freeways

– Recommended to ‘shed’ or turn off all forward facing emergency lighting that affect traffic in the oncoming lanes

– To reduce rubbernecking and prevents secondary crashes

Module 5

Minimize Lights

• Avoid glare to motorists

• Turn off unnecessary lights– Emergency vehicle lighting:

• Provides warning only and provides no effective traffic control

• Can be confusing and distracting to drivers

• Use amber instead of red

Module 5Picture: USFA, Traffic Incident Management System

Incorrect

Correct

Module 5

Arrow Panels

• Provide additional warning and directional information to assist in merging and controlling road users through or around a Temporary Traffic Control zone

Module 5

Arrow Panels

• Nighttime use– When advance warning arrow panels are used, the

intensity of the flasher shall be reduced

• Location– For lanes closures on multi-lane roadways, an arrow

panel should be located on the shoulder at the beginning of the taper

Module 5

Pictures: FDOT Road Rangers Basic Training

Module 5

Source: MUTCD 2003 Chapter 6 Figure 6I-1

Module 5

Shadow Vehicles

• Shadow Vehicles – Trucks or trailers that are used to protect workers or work equipment from errant vehicles

• Heavy Vehicle – 33,000 GVWR or greater, loaded at least 20,000 pounds (tanker truck)

Module 5

Shadow Vehicle

• Once parked, it becomes a traffic control device (TCD) placed as an element of the TCZ using the MUTCD as a guide. It is:

– spotted parallel with traffic 100 to 250 ft upstream from the work area depending upon the speed limit, with wheels cut toward the shoulder

– not involved in incident mitigation efforts and not occupied by people!!!

Module 5

Module 5

END


Lunch Break

Module 6

Safe Parking and Best Practice


Module 6

Blocking

• Positioning an apparatus or other vehicle at an angle across one or more lanes of traffic to shield the activity area at an incident scene

• Made ‘to the right’ or ‘to the left’ depending upon which way the unit is positioned at the scene

• Avoid closing more lanes than necessary.– Consider closing the incident lane(s) only– If necessary, plus one more lane– Remove it as soon as possible when it’s not longer

necessary.

Module 6


Module 6

Critical Wheel Angle

This requires the steering wheel to be turned all the way to the left or to the right, AWAY from the protected activity area.

Pictures: Safe Parking…While Operating In or Near Moving Traffic, Texas FD

Module 6

Vehicle Position

• Downstream– Tow Vehicle– Ambulance

• Upstream– Road Ranger/FDOT– FHP– Fire Truck

Note: The upstream configuration can vary with the arrival order and the need.

Module 6

Ambulance Positioning

• Must be positioned in a protected location at a highway incident scene

• The downstream protected activity area is the first place to consider for parking the ambulance

Module 6


Module 6

Vehicle Lighting

• Once at an incident scene and in a blocking position, the operator must initiate stationary light shedding procedures

– Apparatus headlights/strobes can blind oncoming drivers

– Amber lighting most visible in all weather– If vehicle equipped with lighting underneath, utilize

it

Module 6

Light Shedding Checklist

• Opti-ComR

• Headlights Off

• White Strobes OFF

• Ground lights ON

• Amber Arrow Board/Directional Lights ON

• Compartment lights ON

Module 6

Opti-Com

Source: Google Images Search

Module 6

Headlights/Strobe lights

Headlights

Strobe lights


Module 6


Ground Lights

Compartment Lights

Ground Lights/Compartment

Module 6

Amber Arrow Board


Module 6

Vehicle Exit

• Exit on the protected side

• Look before exiting

• Look before moving

• Stay in the protected area

• Avoid turning your back to traffic flow

Module 6

Deploying TTC Devices

• Deploy coral, retro-reflective sign upstream along the edge of the nearest travel lane to serve as advance warning

• Deploy first cone or flare device at the corner of the blocking vehicle where the least amount of buffer space exists between it and moving traffic

Module 6

Deploying TTC Devices

• Deploy additional cones or flares at appropriate intervals while moving upstream, tapering at an angle from the corner of the emergency vehicle

• Deploy cones downstream from blocking vehicle, parallel to lanes of moving traffic, to identify buffer area alongside work area

Module 6

Cones and Flares Spacing

• On Taper– 25 feet (11 steps)

• Past Taper– 50 feet (22 steps)

NOTE: Device Spacing from FDOTDesign Standards for Speed 25 MPHor Higher

Module 6


Module 6

Safety Benchmarks

Module 6

Safety Benchmarks

1. Never trust approaching traffic.

2. Avoid turning your back to approaching traffic.

Picture: ResponderSafety.com – Best Practice Roadway Incident Scene Safely; Safety Benchmarks

Module 6

Safety Benchmarks

3. Establish an initial block with the first arrivingemergency vehicle.


Module 6

Safety Benchmarks4. Wear appropriate PPE including ANSI high visibility vests.


Module 6

Safety Benchmarks

5. At nighttime incidents, turn off all sources of visionimpairment to approaching vehicles including vehicleheadlights and spotlights.

Photo By: Sarah Britain


Module 6

Safety Benchmarks

6. Establish advance warning and adequate transition area traffic control measures upstream of incident to reduce travel speeds of approaching motorists.


Module 6

Safety Benchmarks

7. Use traffic cones and/or cones illuminated by flares whereit is safe to do so for sustained highway incident trafficcontrol and direction.


Module 6

Safe Parking Challenge

Module 6

Meet the challenge of “Safe Parking”

If you set up all components of a

Temporary Traffic Control Zone…

Module 6

You’re arriving first-due in the

ambulance at this incident on a 4-lane

limited access expressway.

How do you position?

Module 6

To temporarily create a protected work

area… at least until larger FD apparatus

arrive or other agency that can

throw you a proper block.

You “block”

Module 6

What not to do?

Module 6


Don’t Create a

‘Split Scene’

Module 6

Why ‘Split Scenes’ are Dangerous!


Module 6

If this is how you position your vehicles

and allow incident responders to operate

while working in or near moving traffic, you are in

DANGER.


Module 6

END


Module 7

Maintenance of Traffic through Incident Management Areas


Module 7

Source: 2008 FDOT Design Standards – 600 Series

Highways, Shoulder

Module 7


Highway, Travel Way

Module 7


Highway, Center Lane

Module 7


Double LaneClosure onHighway

Module 7

Partial ExitRamp Closure

Source: MUTCD 2003 Chapter 6

Module 7

Source: MUTCD 2003 Chapter 6

Curve “Set up”

Module 7

Shutdown Road

Module 7

Practical Recommendations

• Protect yourself and road users

• Make the most out of your limited resources

• Incident responders arriving after you could provide more resource to improve the MOT setting

• Avoid turning your back to traffic flow when you are placing the MOT devices

Module 7

END


Module 8

MOT Examples


Module 8

Example #1

Disabled Vehicle on Shoulder

Module 8

Module 8

Example #2

Vehicle Crash

(One Lane + Shoulder Closed)

Module 8

Module 8

Example #3

Two Lanes + Shoulder Closed

Module 8

Module 8

END


Module 9

Table Top Exercises


Module 9

Why Exercise?

• To develop an interagency team with a common understanding of the transportation aspects

• To apply different MOT plans in response to various incident scenarios

• To prepare each responder for the event including unexpected changes

• To improve individual and agency performance

Module 9

Instructions

• Divide the class into groups

• Each group needs at least one incident responder representing each agency (fire fighter, police officer, EMS, road ranger, tow company, DOT , etc.)

• Assign each incident responder in a group to a different role

Module 9

First Case

• An accident on a six lane interstate highway (60 mph posted speed), Northbound direction

• Vehicles blocking the right shoulder and traffic lane

• Vehicles Arriving Order:1. Road Ranger/FDOT (16 Cones)2. Police Vehicle/FHP (3 Cones)3. Fire Vehicle (3 Cones) and EMS4. Tow Vehicle

Module 9

Module 9

Second Case

• An accident on a six lane interstate highway (60 mph posted speed), Northbound direction

• Vehicles blocking the left shoulder and traffic lane

• Vehicles Arriving Order:1. Fire Vehicle (3 Cones) and EMS 2. Police Vehicle/FHP (3 Cones)3. Road Ranger/FDOT (16 Cones)4. Tow Vehicle

Module 9

Module 9

Third Case

• An accident on an eight lane interstate highway (65 mph posted speed). Northbound direction

• Vehicles blocking the two center traffic lanes

• Vehicles Arriving Order:1. Road Ranger/FDOT (18 Cones)2. Police Vehicle/FHP (3 Cones)3. Fire Vehicle (3 Cones) and EMS4. Tow Vehicle

Module 9

Module 9

Third Case

Case II

Module 9

Module 9

END


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