maintenance of patent airway
TRANSCRIPT
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Maintenance of patent airway Prepared by : Christian Raveina
MTIN, Changa.
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Definition •An artificial airway is device which helps to keep a patent respiratory passage to a patient who is unable to maintain a normal patent airway
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Indications for use of artificial airway devices •Patients having obstruction to air passage •Patient with foreign matter obstructing air
passage•Patient with severe pathological condition of
lower airway passage
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Types of artificial airway devices
• Oral airway • Nasal airway • Endotracheal tube• Tracheostomy tube
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Oral airway
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Oral airway •An oral airway is a hollow , curved , rubber or
plastic oropharyngeal tube that fits into the oral cavity •Once inserted , an oral airway prevents the
tongue from falling back & obstructing the airway of unconscious or semi-conscious person• To insert an oral airway , ( by a trained expert )
hyperextended the neck & careful open the mouth
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•Pass the airway through the teeth with its tip directed towards the roof of the mouth •Rotate the airway while advancing it towards
the back of the oral cavity • It will slide into place & hold the tongue forward • The end of the tube should lie at the base of the
tongue
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• There are various sizes of oral airways appropriate airway selection is essential • The length of an airway should match the
distance between the insertion of the person’s mandible & the chin • Too long an oral airway causes gagging or
coughing • Too short an airway may push the tongue back
into the throat & increase airway obstruction
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Nasal airway
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Nasal airway • This hollow , soft rubber tube fits into the nasal
passage . It looks like a short endotracheal tube •Once inserted correctly , the inner end of a nasal
airway lies at the base of the tongue & bypasses the airflow obstruction • Select a tube slightly smaller in diameter than
the person’s nostrils
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Endotracheal tube
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Endotracheal tube • This long , slender , hollow tube is inserted into
the trachea via the mouth or nose • It passes through the vocal cords & its distal tip
sits just above the carina • It is available in variety of sizes
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Procedure for insertion of endotracheal tube •Move the bed away from all & remove the back
rest •Adopt a position at the top of bed facing the
patient with your feet in the walk . The airway can be inserted from front • Select the airway of appropriate size•Deflate the cuff completely
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• Lubricate the outer cuff•Make the patient in supine position with his/her
neck aligned • Extend the patient’s head & slightly flex his / her
neck •Cling your index finger as a splint . Advance the
airway into patient’s mouth , while applying its upper surface to the surface of palate
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•While ensuring that the tube remains in the midline , put the airway backwards & downwards until it reaches the back of pharynx & resistance is felt •Connect the appropriate syringe & inflate
through the cuff with specified amount of air •Connect the ventilatory device to airway
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•Confirm the placement of airway by auscultating the chest during inflation & observe bilateral chest movement • Insert an oropharyngeal airway & secure airway
with bandage•Once airway is inserted , deliver continuous
chest compressions without interruptions for ventilations
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Tracheostomy tube
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Tracheostomy tube • A tracheostomy tube is a hollow tube, with or without
a cuff, that is electively inserted directly into the trachea through a surgical incision• A tracheostomy tube is a curved tube that is inserted
into a tracheostomy stoma (the hole made in the neck and windpipe (Trachea).• A number of tracheostomy tubes are available for
neonatal, pediatric, and adult uses appropriate size should be selected for the use
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Thank you…
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