maintenance factor on led lighting calculations and ... · cie 154:2003 aec confidence on led...
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Different MF on LED and HID?
6/3/2014
NO! The MF has the same criterias for both technologies
AEC confidence on LED technology
24/02/2012 AEC Illuminazione S.r.l. 3
MF = FMS x LMF x LSF x LLMF
Luminaire Maintenece
Factor optical unit
Lamp Survival Factor
mortality factor of the sources
Lamp Lumen Maintenence
Factor
Surface maintenance
Factor (interior)
MAINTENANCE FACTOR
CIE 154:2003
AEC confidence on LED technology
24/02/2012 AEC Illuminazione S.r.l. 4
MF = LMF x LLMFxLSF
LMF LLMF-LSF
IP degree Kind of source
Screen characteristics Operating Conditions of
Light source (Temperature, current)
Enviromental conditions
Design Life
Which parameters have an effect on these factors?
Luminaires maintenance factor (optical unit)
Depreciation factor of luminous flux of light
sources (LED)
MAINTENANCE FACTOR
CIE 154:2003
AEC confidence on LED technology
Why MF 0.8? On HID Luminaires is common practice to apply MF of 0.8
6/3/2014
LSF12kH = 0.98 LLMF12kH = 0.95
LSF X LLMF = 0,93aprox
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Why MF 0.8? LMF: Luminaire Mainenence Factor
6/3/2014
MF= LMF x LSF x LLMF = 0.88 x 0.95 x 0.97 = 0.81 (Glass Diffuser) MF= LMF x LSF x LLMF = 0.81 x 0.95 x 0.97 = 0.74 (Plastic Diffuser)
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MF= 0.8 Only if IP66 and Glass Diffuser
Why MF 0.8?
On HID Luminaires is common practice to apply MF of 0.8
6/3/2014
AEC confidence on LED technology
AEC confidence on LED technology
MF has to be related to Luminaire Lifetime Lxx
MF(*) 0.8 for a declared Lifetime of 66.900 hrs (L80)
MF (*) 0.7 for a declared Lifetime of 106.900 hrs (L70)
(*) Semplified not considering the LMF
For longer lasting life you need to overlit +30%
MF(*) 0.8 for a declared Lifetime of 106.900 hrs (L70)
6/3/2014
MORE ACCURATE WITH LMF
Different tecnologies on optical unit
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6/3/2014
OPTICAL DESIGN HIGHER MAINTENANCE FACTOR
Plastics, Acrylic (PMMA – polymethyl methacrylate) and Polycarbonate (PC)
Degradation is generally from dirt and atmospheric contaminants, and material ageing. Inappropriate use of, or exposure to solvents can produce rapid degradation as the plastic structure is attacked. Regular cleaning with mild detergent and water will restore clarity. Remove intense grime with white spirit or other cleaners specifically formulated for PMMA or PC, and rinse well. Abrasives and scourers will demage the surface and add diffusion. Adhesives used in construction or fixings mus be compatible otherwise degradation (short to long term) may occur.
Polycarbonate
Its principal advantage over PMMA is its (initially) higher strength and resistance to impact. However the material degrades in the presence of UV – daylight, and UV – emitting lamps. The effect is accelerated by temperature. It is important therefore to keep the material service temperature below around 90° - 100°C, particularly when UV is present (e.g. by ensuring the lamp wattage used in the luminaire is limited appropriately). The degradation can be rapid.
Cie 154:2003
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OPTICAL DESIGN
THE CHOICE OF GLASS RATHER THAN POLYCARBONATE LENSES HAS BEEN WELL EVALUATED AND PROVEN.
Long term depreciation of reflector and diffuser materials Outer glazing: Rifractors and diffusers: Glass Glass is easily cleaned to restore the original finish.
Cie 154:2003
HIGHER MAINTENANCE FACTOR
6/3/2014
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Loss of transparency of different materials
GLASS
PMMA
POLYCARBONATE
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Loss of transparency of different materials
• Ta = 25°C
• Loss < 10%
A well managed LED source can last longer than the optical unit!
LED after 25.00 hrs
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Effects of a bad experience will be evident after a while…
MAINTENANCE FACTOR
CLOUR CHANGE!
6/3/2014
AEC confidence on LED technology
Loss of transparency can be faster than LED depreciation…..
MAINTENANCE FACTOR
COLOUR CHANGE! Abu Dhabi – 2 MONTHS AFTER INSTALLATION, ONLY.
350mA driven LED – SUPPOSED to be 6000K
6/3/2014
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
MAINTENANCE FACTOR
MF = LMF x LSF x LLMF
Luminaire Maintenece
Factor optical unit
Lamp Survival Factor
mortality factor of the sources
Lamp Lumen Maintenence
Factor
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
LMF LLMF
IP degree Light Source Type
Screen material and characteristics
Operating Conditions of Light source
(Temperature, current)
Enviromental conditions
Design Life
Which parameters have an effect on Maintenance factors ?
MAINTENANCE FACTOR FROM CIE 154:2003
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
+ LMF
LLMF+LSF
PMMA
PC
GLASS
70%
75%
80%
85%
90%
95%
100%
10000 100000
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6/3/2014
MAINTENANCE FACTOR
Which is th maintenence factor i have to consider to have the minimum lighting level required by the standard after 50.000 hrs?
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
=
= x
x
MFGLASS (50khr) = 0,95 x 0,9 = 0,85 GLASS = 1 x 0,95 = 0,95
PC = 0,8 x 0,95 = 0,76
50khr = 0,9
50khr = 0,9 MFPC (50khr) = 0,76 x 0,9 = 0,68
70%
80%
90%
100%
10000 100000
70%
80%
90%
100%
10000 100000
70%
80%
90%
100%
10000 100000
70%
80%
90%
100%
10000 100000
Total MF 0,95
LMF(Screen+Dirty) LLMF+LSF(LED)
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
ME3a
MFGLASS (50khr) = 0,95 x 0,9 = 0,85
MFPC (50khr) = 0,76 x 0,9 = 0,68
LED_IN 1B 4.5 72 – 9950 lm 115 W
EXPOSED LENSES – 9950 lm 115 W
ME3a
33 luminaries 3,8 kW/km
40 luminaries 4,6 kW/km
+20% power and luminaires
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
MAINTENANCE FACTOR
Parameters to check:
- Operating Temperature
- Operating Current
- Optical Unit material
- Lasting Life Declared for the Luminaire
Enought?
NO!
The standards on how the parameters are delivered must be taken in consideration
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
LASTING LIFE – B20L80 or IESNA TM21 Metric life Standard
reference Chip LED
manufacturers methodology employed critical failures Number of LEDs used in the
fitting
IESNA TM-21 (declared by AEC in all units)
And 'the only official standard America (IESNA)
ALL Based on a set of LEDs under test (test set by the standard IESNA LM-80. Reports are based on LM-80 test 6000-10000 hours at various temperatures and currents of a set of 25-100 LEDs. the measured values are used to extrapolate the values in the long term
It takes no account of the critical failures that may occur in the 6000-10000 hours of the LM-80 test. If they did the data extrapolated to long-term (es.50.000hr) would be strongly negative in terms of the life led by distorting the actual results. THE METHODOLOGY IS NOT 'TO SUTABLE FOR COPLETE LED LUMINAIRES!
Does not take into account whether aluminaire is composed of 1, 10 or 100 LEDs (consider what happens in a unit with 3 or with 100 LEDs when an LED is burned ...). And 'therefore useful to evaluate the life of the individual LEDs, but not the unit or module equipped with these LEDs.
BxxLyy LED (Declared by AEC devices with LEDs from OSRAM, then all of the first generation, the A2 LED relamping and DEKA)
EU standards on the way. EN 62717
OSRAM, SEOUL,e altri ma NO CREE
Based on a set of LED under test. There are no official reports as they are not regulated methods (the standard EN 62717 does not cover the test methodology, but only how to declare the data and their significance). The manufacturers give only the final result tabellato or curves. Theoretically, one can extrapolate from the LM-80 reports.
Here we introduce the concept of-Failure Fraction = fraction of failure Bxx is the fraction of the samples considered in which, within the stated time, the fault occurs Lyy. We distinguish: Bxx is the depreciation Cxx are critical failures Fxx is the combination of Bxx and Cxx The final wording is LyyFxx or LyyBxx ALSO THIS METHOD IS NOT 'SUITABLE FOR LUMINAIRES WITH MORE THAN 1 LED
Same as above
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
LASTING LIFE – B20L80 or IESNA TM21 Metric life Standard
reference Chip LED
manufacturers methodology employed critical failures Number of LEDs used in the fitting
BxxLyy Luminaire (Declared by the AEC for all devices with LUMILEDS, so Italo and new generations Ledin, ILO, XMOD, RELAMPING TABLED))
No standard yet, but only the manufacturer's data .... For now only LUMILEDS declare the data in this form. NOT to be confused with the previous
LUMILEDS Based on the batch of LEDs under test + special statistical analysis to take account of the number of LEDs used into the luminaire
Here we introduce the concept of-Failure Fraction = fraction of failure Bxx is the fraction of the samples considered in which, within the stated time, the fault occurs Lyy. We distinguish: Bxx is the depreciation Cxx are critical failures Fxx is the combination of Bxx and Cxx The final wording is LyyFxx or LyyBxx THIS METHOD IS 'SUITABLE FOR COMPLETE LUMINAIRES
It takes into account how many LED fixture components. Only LUMILEDS provides this information, but does not disclose the algorithm. AEC developed an algorithm that, starting from reports LM-80 as a data base (then a base which is common to all manufacturers of LEDs and is regulated), by some statistical algorithms, manages to get the screw according to the number of LEDs in an apparatus.
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
LASTING LIFE – L80F20 or IESNA TM21
Here we list the different ways of declaring the lasting life on datasheet from the most restrictive to the less restrictive one:
L80F20Luminaire: The statistic is considering the led mounted in the
luminaire’s optical unit, and it takes in consideration how many LED per luminaire and the Failure Rate is Included. F20 means that minimun the 80% of the equipement are following this rule. LLMFxLSF
L80F50Luminaire: The statistic is considering the led mounted in the
luminaire’s optical unit, and it takes in consideration how many LED per luminaire and the Failure Rate is Included. F20 means that minimun the 50% of the equipement are following this rule. LLMFxLSF
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
LASTING LIFE – B20L80 or IESNA TM21
Here we list the different ways of declaring the lasting life on datasheet from the most restrictive to the less restrictive one:
L80F20: The statistic is considering the LED onlyt. The Failure
Rate is Included. B20 means that minimun the 80% of the equipement are following this rule. LLMFxLSF
L80F50: The statistic is considering the LED onlyt. The Failure
Rate is Included. B50 means that minimun the 50% of the equipement are following this rule. LLMFxLSF
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
LASTING LIFE – B20L80 or IESNA TM-21
Here we list the different ways of declaring the lasting life on datasheet from the most restrictive to the less restrictive one:
IESNA TM-21: The statistic is considering the LED only. The Failure
Rate is NOT Included. The depreciation is the average depreciation of the lot (close to B50, but different method). LLMFF only
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6/3/2014
LASTING LIFE – B20L80 or IESNA TM-21
Let’s compare the two different lasting life diagrams: B20
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6/3/2014
LASTING LIFE – B20L80 or IESNA TM-21
Let’s compare the two different lasting life diagrams: TM-21
AEC confidence on LED technology
6/3/2014
LASTING LIFE – B20L80 or IESNA TM-21
Let’s compare the two different lasting life diagrams: Overlap B20-TM-21
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6/3/2014
ITALO
THE PRODUCT SHEET MUST SPEAK CLEARLY
The product sheet is part of the contract between supplyer and customer therefore must be clear avoiding any kind of misundertoondings.
Product Warranty & Latent Defect
A product warranty (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warranty) is covering from assembling defects. It means that the good is well designed for the scope, but that lot or that particular item has a defect (i.e. the guy in the assembly line is wrong operating on few items). Those kind of defects shows up in few months, not in years. So 5 years warranty is more than enough. If you ask to let them show you the competitors warranty terms, they all cover from assembly defects, and they not cover (like ours) failures caused by overvoltage or other external issues.
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Product Warranty & Latent Defect
An hidden or latent defect (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent_defect) is a defect on wrong design of the good. The latent defect will appear also if the good is well assembled and installed. If a product has not a lifetime limit (like 70.000h L80) is very difficult for the customer to proof that what he bought is not performing as the expectation (like a car or a computer). In LED street lighting case, together with the good we deliver a datasheet, which is part of the contract where the lifetime is well described and the installation requirements are well specified by the user manual of the lantern. It means that if the lot of the product sold, is not respecting what written on datasheet, including lifetime. The customer can claim for latent defect.
Buying a luminaire where the performance and lasting life is not clearly show, put the customer in weak position – Warranty itself is not enough!
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Now the question is…
WHAT DID YOU CHOSE LAST TIME?
WHAT WILL YOU CHOSE NEXT TIME?
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