main idea what a piece of writing is mostly about
TRANSCRIPT
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main idea
what a piece of writing is mostly about
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summary
gives the main idea and important details of a passage
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theme
a more generally stated topic concerning a passage’s main idea
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genre
a classification of literature, such as fiction, drama, poetry, etc.
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fiction
a type of literature that tells a made-up story
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non-fiction
a type of literature that tells about real-life people, places events, things, etc
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drama
a play written to be performed by actors
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myth
a folktale (fictional story) about gods and goddesses (mythology)
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tall tale
an American hero folktale full of extreme exaggerations
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fable
a folktale, usually with talking animals, that always has a moral to it
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analogy
a comparison that shows a relationship between two things
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simile
a comparison of two unlike things using the words “like” or “as”
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metaphor
a comparison of two unlike things not using the words “like” or “as”
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paraphrase
restating something using different words (re-phrasing)
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context clues
words, phrases, or sentences that give meaning to unknown words
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denotation
the dictionary definition of the words - the literal meaning
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connotation
the extra sense that the word implies – positive or negative (cheap/inexpensive)
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repetition
creating a “special effect” by repeating a sound or words
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suspense a feeling of uncertainty or
dread about what will happen next
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sarcasm an expression that is
personal, jeering, and intended to hurt
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oxymoron a seemingly contradictory
combination of words (jumbo shrimp)
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onomatopoeia a word or phrase that imitates a
sound (whoosh)
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plot
the action of the story
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resolution
the final outcome of the story – the solution of the problem
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character
a person or other creature in a story
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setting
the time and place of the story’s events
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climax
the point of greatest interest or suspense in the story
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conflict
the main problem the character faces (with others, self, or nature)
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personification
gives animals or objects human qualities or characteristics
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hyperbole
the deliberate use of exaggeration
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symbolism
the use of one thing to stand for or represent another
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imagery
the use of vivid description to create a picture in the reader’s mind
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foreshadow
gives clues that suggest what might happen in the future
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flashback
interrupting the story with events from the past
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irony
a statement meaning the opposite of what is literally stated
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idiom
a saying that can not be literally translated
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allusion
a reference to a well-known work of literature, art, music, etc.
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audience
the person or persons to whom the writing is addressed
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author
the person who write the story or passage, etc.
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narrator
the person who is telling the story
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point of view
the relationship of the narrator to the story (viewpoint)
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1st person Point of View (PoV) when a character in the
story tells the story (I, me, my, we, etc.)
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3rd person Point of View (PoV) when someone not in the
story tells the story (like an invisible observer)
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dialogue
when the characters in a story speak (usually set off by quotation marks)
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style/voice
the way the author uses phrases and sentences to make his story distinctive
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tone
the author’s attitude about his topic – can be positive, negative, or neutral
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mood
the feeling or atmosphere in the story set by the author
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inference
A guess based on a known fact, a conclusion
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cause/effect
a TS exploring the reason something happened, and the result
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compare/contrast
a TS showing similarities and differences
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problem/solution
a TS examining how conflicts or obstacles are overcome
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chronology
a TS presenting events in the order in which they occur (sequencing)
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inductive
a TS that starts with specific ideas and works toward a general idea
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deductive
a TS that starts with a general idea and works toward specific ideas
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spatial order
a TS that shows where things are
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categorization
a TS that puts things in categories
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fact
a statement that can be proved – or disproved
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opinion
a statement that can not be proven – someone’s own belief
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bias
a strong prejudice for one side over another – favoring only one side
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objective
a work based on fact, having no bias or partiality
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propaganda
persuasion techniques
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synonyms
words that have similar meaning
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antonyms
words that have opposite meaning