EDITORIAL….

Dr. Rebecca Samson

Editor- in-chief.

In the history of college of nursing, releasing the college magazine X-pressions 2012 for the FIRST

time is yet, another milestone. It gives me an immense pleasure to write in this magazine “X-Pressions” 2012. st

A special issue which would be released during the 1 National conference hosted by CON- PIMS is

considered as unique and auspicious.

At the outset, on behalf of the editorial board, I would like to acknowledge and thank the Honorable

Chief Minister, Government of Pondicherry, Vice – Chancellor and Director of Pondicherry University, most

respected Chief Guest. The Registrar of TNNMC, Chennai, The Honorable Chairman, PIMS and Director-

principal for writing their valuable messages and sending blessings for the conference. Also I would like to

thank all the resource persons of the conference, faculty, students, alumni and advertisers who contributed a

lot for successful release of the magazine.

“We judge ourselves by what we feel capable of doing, while others judge us by what we have done.”,

as it is quoted. I am sure that the readers of this magazine will appreciate the contributions made by the

eminent resource persons of the conference, faculty, students and Alumni of CON, PIMS.

The name of the magazine was chosen by CON PIMS as “X-pressions” to reveal the true feelings, innermost

thoughts and values of faculty and students acquired during their stay in PIMS at various levels of their

professional life. It will be a source for the students as well as faculty to bring out their hidden intellectual

talents in to a meaning fulsome. .

Our vision for future “X-pressions” is to make it even better in quality with divergent thoughts, ideas and

contributions. It is my hope that this issue of X-pressions portrays the excitement and enthusiasm that is

shared by faculty, students & Staff.

“God gives more Grace, when the burdens grow Greater”,

“HE sends more Strength when the labors increase,”

“HE adds HIS Mercies, to added affliction And

To multiply trials, HIS multiplied PEACE…

So, LET'S all be HIS instrument of peace.

Best Wishes

INDEX

st I NATIONAL CONFERENCE

&

Alumini Meet

Theme

NURSING: YESTERDAY, TODAY AND TOMORROW

Onth th24 Friday & 25 Saturday

February - 2012

PROGRAMME SHEDULEth

DAY-1 : 24 Friday SCIENTEFIC SESSION-I 11am-1pm

“Phases of Nursing; Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow in various specialties”

TIME TOPICS RESOURCE PERSON

11-11.40am The role of statutory bodies at national,

state And local level.

Dr. Josephine Little Flower

Regitrar-TNNMC-Chennai

11.40am-12.20pm Medical & Surgical Nursing Dr .Jean Abraham

Principal-PSG CON-CBE

12.20-1.00pm Pediatric nursing Dr. A.K.Rajan

Prof.& Former Dy.Director

CMCH,& Directorof nursing

PESIMSR, Kuppam AP,

SCIENTEFIC SESSION-I I

TIME TOPICS RESOURCE PERSON

2.00-2.40pm Maternity Nursing Prof. R.Latha

Regitrar,Kerala State Nursing

Council- Trivandram,Kerala

2.40pm-3.20pm Community Health Nursing Dr .Jayaseelan

Dean, Con,Selam.TN

3.20pm-4.00pm Psychiatric Nursing Dr.K.Lalitha

Professor&HOD-Nursing

Dept,NIMHANS-Banaglore

Karnataka

thDAY – 2 : 25 Feb2012. SCIENTEFIC SESSION-III Time : 8 -10am

“Implications of Nursing Research in Nursing Education, Clinical Practice and Management”

TIME TOPICS RESOURCE PERSON

8.00-8.40am Nursing Education to meet global

standards

R.Revathi, Assistant professor SriRamachandra University, Porur, Chennai-116.

8.40-9.20am Implications of Nursing Research in the

advancement of clinical nursing practice

Dr. K. Lalitha

NIMHANS-Bangalore

9.20-10.00am Leadership skills for millennium

development goals: A need of the day in

the community

Prof. Saroja.J Chief Nursing Officer Manipal Hospital Bangalore

10.00am Is Nurse truly an agent of change for

effective leadership?

Dr. Rebecca Samson

Dean,CON-PIMS-Pondicherry

10.00am to 11.30am – Alumni Meet

11.30-1.00pm-Valedictory LUNCH

LUNCH

Committees for the National Conference

S.No Committee Conference Chairperson Members

1. Patrons Dr. K. Jacob .Chairman

Dr. James. J. Ganadoss-

Director-Principal

_

1. Conference Chairperson Dean –CON-PIMS -

3. Organising secretary Mrs. Malarvizhi. S Mrs.Jayasankari- Alumni-

Secretary

4. Conference Treasurer Mrs. Amirtha Shanthi _

5. Registration committee Mrs. Annie Wlliam Mrs. Anusuya, Mrs. Amirtha,

6. Invitation committee Mrs. Merlin Rajakumari Mrs. Suganya.

7. Purchase committee Mrs.Parveen kumari Ms. Kirupa ,Mrs.Abirami

8. Physical arrangement Ms. Saritha Mrs.Jayapriya, Mrs.Sheela.K

9. Food Committee Mrs. Jeyasankari, Mrs. Leena,

Ms. Mary Sathya Sundari

10. Ushering committee Mrs. Suganya Mrs.Sheela.J

11. Transport committee Mrs. Lalitha Mrs.Saritha

12. Conference Report Mrs. Sujatha Ms. Kirupa

13. Cultural Mrs. Bhavani Mrs. Sheela.J

14. Accommodation Mrs. Jayapriya Mrs.Parvin

15. Scientific Committee /

Magazine

Mrs.Sujatha Mrs.Bhavan&Mrs.Malarvizhi

16. Photo/Video Ms.Abirami -

17. Conference CD /EDP Mrs. Merlin Mrs. Parvin

18. Fund raising Ms.Bhavani -

19. Site seeing Ms.Kirupa Ms. Saritha

ABSTRACT

TOPIC : THE ROLE OF STATUTORY BODIES - NATIONAL, STATE LEVEL

ROLE OF STAUTORY BODY (NATIONAL & STATE):

Autonomous Statutory Body in Nursing was established 100 years back. The very

purpose of these Councils are to maintain uniform standard of nursing education, control

training and practice through out of India. The empowerment of Council is shared by

Central and Stare Councils which were established by Parliament and Assembly

respectively. Both the Councils are co-ordinating each other by exercising their

empowerment to standardize the quality of nursing education and practice. The

empowerment of both National and State Statutory bodies are:

EMPOWERMENTS: INC (CENTRAL)

Recognition of qualification

Recognition of Examining Bodies (Boards and Universities)

Nationwide syllabus

Nationwide admission criteria

Nationwide curriculum

Nationlwide norms

Maintaining Indian Nurse Register

Conducting Inspections

Issuing Equivalency

EMPOWERMENTS: TNNMC (STATE)

Registration

Recognition

Revoking

With these empowerments, quality of nursing education and practice is being

standardized in India in par with the international nursing standards.

Introduction:

Nursing has been evolving over the years, and while the art of nursing is still being taught , today's fast paced

health care system has transformed the culture of nursing. Nurses today are the frontline professionals of

health care and practice in virtually all health care settings and communities. Medical Surgical nursing can be

considered as the foundation of nursing because it has served as a launch pad to many interdisciplinary

advanced specializations in several vital areas of nursing.

Definition of Medical Surgical Nurse :

Medical Surgical nursing is a specialized branch of nursing that involves the nursing care of adult patients

whose conditions or disorders can be treated medically, pharmacologically or surgically.

Medical Surgical Nurses are specialists who are involved in the direct clinical practices and play a vital role in

several in several stages of treatment of the patient.

Education:

In the early years nurses were taught and trained by the physicians and they learnt nursing in the field with real

life situations. When the physician felt they had enough training nurses were put into practice.

Today's nurses are mainly taught by nurses in classrooms and supplemented by books and simulated

situations. Only after a degree/diploma and registering for licensing the nurse is eligible to work.

Practice :

th thIn late 19 century and early 20 century nursing was concerned with giving care to physical needs of patients

and maintaining hygienic needs of patients. Some innovations during the time included bedpans, bandages ,

surgical splints , hospital beds, foot cradles etc to new antibiotics, IV therapy and administration of blood

products in 1950's and 1960's. 1968 tom 1980 saw machines like the dialysis machines, cardiac monitors used

in patient care.

From 1980's to present saw computers in health care, wireless charting system, robotic assistants, clinical

decision making tools and telehealth.

The near future will include wireless monitoring system for prevention of falls, electronic medication

administration with bar coding system , interactive patient systems and minimum hospital stay of patients.

Prof: Elizabeth Jean AbrahamPrincipalPSG College of NursingCoimbatore

Medical Surgical Nursing – Yesterday, Today & Tomorrow

Future :

Medical Surgical nurses of the future will see themselves participating more in research , evidence based

practice and in the future years medical surgical nurses will be respected and recognized as a distinct specialty

with the health care system.

The Medical Surgical Nurses will navigate through “ tomorrow” achieving success and making a difference

in the future of health care and in nursing. In today's world of advanced technology, an array or medical

equipment and medical avenues are available to assist nurses with their nursing care. Increased technology,

shorter length of stay for patients, sicker patients, and an aging work force now contribute to the significant

change in the work environment and the nursing culture. A few years ago, nurses wrote pages of nursing

notes; today, nurses can point and click to make entries on an electronic medical record.

Yesterday's nurses , today's nurses and tomorrow's nurses are one and the same in that the purpose was/is to

care for fellow human beings and help them achieve the highest possible quality of life.

**********************

Abstract

According to research done by Mark K Taylor (1895) the first children's hospital was started in 1855 in

Philadelphia with school of nursing that has laid the foundation to pediatric nursing in USA. Pediatric

nursing was started as a post graduate degree course in the year 1968 at Vellore and Delhi marking the

beginning of this specialty recognizing the need for pediatric nurses in India. Since the last two decades this

program has been offered by several colleges in India and the passion for this specialty is on the increase. In

addition a diploma in pediatric nursing is being given in several hospitals in the country because the children

at all ages need special care not only in the hospitals, but also in clinics, homes, schools etc.

Pediatric Nurses are meant to be hearts, souls, minds and voices of their patients whose hearts, souls, minds

and voices can not be heard all the time due to their age, biological development, illness, and socio cultural

background etc. Nursing care of children and families require specific knowledge of the nursing process and

its application to particular diseases and conditions.

Primary care and redesigning of health care system to promote health and prevent disease, is the need of the

hour worldwide as perceived by WHO. Efforts to address these concerns will depend on interdisciplinary

collaboration and removal of scope of practice barriers between and among the health professionals all over

the world.

New challenges for nurse educators during the past has been increasing globalization of the nursing

workforce and internalization of nursing education. We have seen the tremendous growth and development of

nursing in our country in the past two decades. This growth has definitely removed some barriers to nursing

profession and today it is one of the much sort after career oriented profession in India both by male and

female young population. Today, the nurses have varying levels of education and competencies but are they

able to do justice to their services? This needs to be evaluated carefully in order to promote better strategies to

encourage nurses to give their best to the children in their care.

Tomorrow the pediatric nurses

Should form a National and Regional Pediatric Nursing Societies to share the knowledge and develop the

future generations of nurses

Should be able to practice to the full extent of their education and training and identify the needy areas in the

country.

Should achieve higher levels of clinical skills in all the specialty areas of pediatrics.

Should be full partners in redesigning the health care system in the country.

Finally independent practice where required need to be recognized to ensure that nurses are well

positioned to make the change for a better child health leading to healthier adults.

Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow of Pediatric Nursing

Dr.Anantha Kumari Rajan, Bs(N)Ms(N) PhD(Aus),

Retired prof &HOD of Pediatric Nursing, College of nursing,

CMCH, Vellore, Former Director of nursing PESIMSR, Kuppam AP,

1.Introduction

Mental health disorders continue to be a serious and expensive global health issue, affecting people of all ages from all cultures and socio-economic status. In India, integration of mental health care with primary health care was considered as a primary method of mental health care from the time of move towards the goal of health for all by the year 2000 A.D (1978).

2. Psychiatric Nursing - Yesterday

The history of psychiatric nursing starts with the history of mental hospitals in India dating back to 200 years. th

From the later half of 18 century onwards, several “Mad Houses” and “Lunatic Asylums” were built in different parts of the country by the British. These asylums were largely modeled after and functioned like similar institutions in Britain. Changes taking place in the care of the mentally ill in Britain in those days were partly reflected in British India too and asylums were renamed Mental Hospitals. These mental hospitals were aiming to provide nursing care in a custodial manner. A general attitude of pessimism and indifference characterized the practices of psychiatric nursing. The public regarded the mental hospitals and all the services connected with mental hospital with unwanted dread. A landmark in the development of mental health services in the country was the establishment of the All India Institute of Mental Health in 1954, in Bangalore. This institute, 20 years later, in 1974, was amalgamated with the Mental Hospital in Bangalore run by the Govt. of Karnataka to become an autonomous institute, the National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS).

In Mental Hospitals (the converted asylums) nurses were to guard the patients, attend to their basic needs, assist in chemo and physical therapy, behavior therapy, psychosocial therapy and organize activity therapies. Nurses provided both general and psychiatric nursing care. In the community, mental health care services were provided by Public Health Nurses, Multipurpose Health Workers working in community utilizing the available care and appropriate resources.

The “institutional neurosis” is an outcome of long incarceration of individuals in an institution. Stigma arising out of admission in mental hospitals leads to social isolation and rehospitalisation. To manage the social and vocational inadequacies besides clinical disability, innovative approaches were required.

3. Psychiatric Nursing - Today

Nurses working in psychiatric units of General Hospitals and also in Psychiatric Hospitals are with adequate preparation educationally to look after the patients with various psychiatric disorders. Participation of the family members in the treatment of psychiatric patients was initiated by Dr. Vidya Sagar at Amritsar Mental Hospital made the nurses to prepare family members for the long term rehabilitation of psychiatric patients. The first experiment of Home Care Programme by a Nurse was experimented at Chandigarh. A nurse was trained in making assessment of the patient, interview the relatives, counsel them regarding the illness and caring for the ill member of the family and dispensing the drugs. The psychiatric nurses extended their services in different settings - Partial hospitalization, Day and a Night hospital, Day Care Centres, Half-Way homes/Hostels in the community, Quarter-Way Homes/Ward-Hostels and Sheltered workshops.

Psychiatric Nursing: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow

Dr. K. Lalitha,

Professor of Nursing, Dept. of Nursing,

NIMHANS, Bangalore-29.

They train lay volunteers, Anganwadi workers (ICWS) to recognize the early symptoms of mental illness and report medical compliance and give referrals. Nurses involve student volunteers, community leaders, traditional healers and village leaders to maintain psychiatric care services at home.

National Mental Health Policy (1982) emphasized deinstitutionalized care services. Conventional antipsychotics were replaced by new generation drugs; infrastructure improved; food quality improved and custodial atmosphere changed. Strategies to address the problem of prolonged hospitalization were executed.

Primary Strategies

·Avoid hospitalization in psychiatric hospital, if needed give treatment in General Hospital Psychiatric Units.

·Patients are to be admitted only with family members and the hospital stay should not be exceeding 30 days. Nurses would involve family members in treatment process and rehabilitation intervention from the first contact onwards.

Secondary Strategies

·Place chronic patients with their families with an assurance of continued domiciliary after care services. Nurses would make home visits to ensure the treatment compliance.

·Chronic patients who are disowned by family members may be placed in Non-Govt. organizations and nurses would maintain liaison.

Tertiary Strategies

·Abandoned patients to be transferred to Half-Way home. Nurses to maintain therapeutic community to help the patients to develop self empowerment.

4. Psychiatric Nursing - Tomorrow

Restrategised National Mental Health Policy (2002) emphasized the decentralized mental health care services. Nurses would be a member of interdisciplinary team to coordinate psychiatric care services. They ensure human rights . They would provide psychiatric care services as a community based services. A visiting nurse (1:100 families) would support families and help them to evolve self help groups. They would extend assistance for human resource development, conduct short term training in psychiatric nursing to the general health care nursing personnel to improve district psychiatric care services. They would also extend their support to private sectors and voluntary agencies in mental health care services. Psychiatric nurses would take adequate measures to promote mental health and prevent mental illness through life skill education and psychosocial care services to survivors of disasters. Developing a full time Director of Nursing at the Health Sector exclusively to provide mental health/psychiatric nursing care services in India may not be a dream, but a mission to achieve.

5. Conclusion

Psychiatric nursing transformed from custodial care nature to a collaborative partnership with mental health care team and provide evidence based nursing care.

6. References:

1. Lalitha K, “Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing: An Indian perspective”, VMG Publicatiions, Bangalore, 2007.

2. Srinivasa Murthy and Barbara J.Burns (Ed) “Community Mental Health” Proc. Of the Indo-US Symposium, NIMHANS Publications, Bangalore, 1987.

INTRODUCTION

The nursing profession has a great international legacy and has undergone reforms and advances to the

training and regulation process in order to meet the changing health needs of the global population. An

estimated 35 million nurses make up the greater part of the global health care work force.

STATISTICS

The US will have a shortage of about nurses 29% by 2020. UK had the shortage of 53000 nurses in 2010.

Recruitment of nurses from developing countries has become an attractive option - a quick fix to the

overgrowing national nursing shortage for these countries. Since 1997 UK admitted more than 90,000 nurses

from major countries like India, South Africa, Australia and Philippines. It is estimated that 1 in 10 or more of

all working nurses in the UK is trained in other countries. The statistics shows that the percentage of all

practicing foreign nurses has increased to 14% from 6% in the year 2010. This invariably produces a shortage

in working nurses in their parent country where they have migrated from. Nursing is a critical component of

multidisciplinary health care system. It reflects the independence and collaborative portion of the nurse

involving in respective function. Nursing evolves as a holistic process with a central and common

philosophy, purpose, knowledge and functions.

GLOBALISATION

Globalisation refers to the growing integration of economics and societies around the world including the

accelerating mobility of man, money, material, technology and capital (International monetary trend 2008).

GLOBAL STANDARDS

The standards which are set in nursing practice and accepted worldwide or internationally.

Although the idea of worldwide standards for nurses promoted by the ICN for over a period of 100 years

remains unrealized, the forces of globalization have created an impetus for change. Education of nurses

cannot be entirely homogenous in a given population with various health issues like, endemic disease, social,

cultural and economic differences. However the standards for nursing education need to be established

throughout the world to provide guide for local services and to assure a minimum standard for important

issues such as essential qualification for nurse educators.

WHY TO MEET GLOBAL STANDARDS?

· Our nurses are migrating to developing countries

· We get overseas patients for treatment in India

· We are on a par with other developed countries in healthcare

· Developed countries attract Indian nurses

R. Revathi, Assistant professor

Sri Ramachandra University,

Porur, Chennai-116.

Nursing Education To Meet The Global Standards

GOALS OF GLOBAL STANDARDS

1. To establish educational criteria and assure outcomes that

·Are based on evidence and competency

·Promote progressive nature of education and lifelong learning and

·Ensure the employment of practioners who are competent and who, by providing quality care,

promote positive outcomes in the populations they serve.

2. To establish a global approach to competency based educational programmes.

·To guide for curricular development

·Be a catalyst for educational change and reforms

·Be a leverage for strengthening the health system

·Be the benchmark for continuous quality improvement in the educational programmes.

INDIAN SCENARIO

Poor remuneration for practicing nurses, workload, stolen responsibility, domination of doctors, lack

of autonomy in nursing profession are of the greater concern today in India. Opening up of many nursing

colleges, and reduced experience requirement for PG programme in nursing by the INC has produced many

PG nurses. These key problems initiate the nurses to move abroad.

We have a strong statutory body which regulate our practice and provide syllabi for nursing

programmes. We follow uniform syllabus which is prescribed by INC.

World wide the education and regulation of nurses is highly diverse and varies considerably in scope

and complexity. Despite these international differences a number of factors allow nurses to migrate

throughout the world, creating continuous challenges to the maintenance of nursing education, practice and

regulatory standards

In India candidates who have passed their +2 examination are admitted in nursing programme. But in

other countries it varies.

·The recommended actions to promote nursing education to meet global standards

·Make sure all the practicing nurses are graduates in nursing.

·Harmonize the nursing curricula

·Add global health as a subject to UG, and school programmes.

·Establish a national system to monitor the flow of nurses moving out of India.

·Create an international body to co ordinate and recommend the international work force policies.

·Admit only the English medium students.

·Admit only the science students.

·Common entrance exam prescribed by statutory body

·Emphasize on human concept. High tech care

FACULTY MEMBERS

Post graduation and PhD qualification with a service experience is mandatory to produce competent nurses.

The faculty member should possess skill in both practice and teaching. The nursing faculty should take up the

dual role to meet such demand.

· Experienced faculty members are needed to train the beginners.

· Strengthen the clinical teaching skills.

· Exchange of faculty with other countries.

· Every faculty to attend faculty development program

INSTITUTION

·Attached to parent hospitals with all specialties and facilities as per INC norms.

·Adequate lab facility with a stimulation and other advanced technology.

·Adapted community settings.

·Accreditation

TEACHING METHODOLOGY

·Simulation

·E- Learning

·Self-learning desk

·Tele nursing

·Lecture, demonstration

·Case studies, case reports

·More of research project work

·Activity and teaching aids

·Interactive teaching

·Virtual learning

·Online classes

STUDENTS

·Select students by aptitude test

·Science student

·Student exchange with other countries

CURRICULUM

·International health ,global health

·Emerging diseases

·Tourism, travel nursing

·Trans cultural nursing

·Credit system of evaluation, in our country

PRACTICING NURSES

·Good in service education programme

·Language training

·Training of leadership skills

·Promotional exams

·Work in a higher accredited institution

·CNE

CONCLUSION

In India we produce 576810 registered nurses every year. But how many of them are successfully practicing

in their own country is always a great concern. Currently, we get overseas patients flowing to our country

because we are on a par with the developed countries in technology .The nursing care has become high tech

and high touch in our country. When we prepare our students to give transcultural nursing they would meet

the global standards.

REFERENCE:

Global Standards for the initial education of professional nurses and midwives (WHO/HRH/HPN/08.6)

This publication was produced by the Department of Human Resources for Health, World Health

Organization.

Andrea Baumann, PhD, RN, Jennifer Blythe, MLS, PhD, Globalization of Higher Education in Nursing, The

Online Journal of Issues in Nursing.

Andrea Baumann, PhD, RN, Jennifer Blythe, MLS, PhD, Globalization of Higher Education in Nursing:

Current Standards and Harmonization in Transnational Nursing Education, The Online Journal of Issues

in Nursing.

Implications of Nursing Research in the

Advancement of Clinical Practice

Dr. K. Lalitha,

Professor of Nursing, Dept. of Nursing,

NIMHANS, Bangalore-29.

1. Introduction

thResearch evolved slowly in nursing from the investigations of Florence Nightingale in the 19 century to the

studies of nursing education in the 1930s and 1940s and the research of nurses and nursing roles in the 1950s

and 1960s. However, in the late 1970s and 1980s, numerous studies were conducted that focused on

improving nursing practice. This emphasis continued in the 1990s with the conduct of research to promote

improved patient outcomes. The goal in the new millennium is the development of an evidence based

practice for nursing, with the current best research findings being used to deliver health care. It becomes the

responsibility of the nurse researcher to prove that nursing research has implications in the advancement of

clinical practice.

2. Purposes of Nursing Research

stThe vision for nursing in the 21 century is the development of a scientific knowledge base that enables the

nurses to implement an evidence based nursing practice (Craig and Smyth, 2002). Jones and Burney (2002)

expressed that a solid research base provides evidence that the nursing interventions are effective in

promoting positive patient outcome. Nursing research is a means of improving clinical practice (Alice J.

Baumgart, 1996).

Research is conducted to examine both short-term and long-term results of healthcare, such as patient health

status, quality of care and cost-effectiveness of care. In the new millennium, the emerging challenge is

conducting research to examine the effectiveness of nursing actions in promoting healthy outcomes for

patients and families.

As a result, the focus is on the outcome measures such as mortality, morbidity, length of stay, infection rate,

unscheduled readmission, unscheduled second surgery and unnecessary hospital procedures to provide

evidence that nursing research has an implication on the advancement of clinical practice.

3. Nursing Research Contribution

National Centre for Nursing Research (1993) classified nursing research contribution as follows.

3.1 Improve quality of health care

3.2 Reduce health costs

3.3 Enhance patient safety

3.1 Studies related to improving quality of health care

An observation made by a nurse at the bedside was passing a nasal catheter into the nostril that has the high

volume of expiratory air reduces pain and another observation made by a nurse in a psychiatric setting was

20 times rocking the elderly in recline chair induces sleep and keeps the sedative away are professional

experience evidences. But, Brett (1986) conducted a research and found that internal rotation of the femur

during injection into the dorsogluteal site in either the prone or side lying position results in reduced

discomfort from the injection. McCorkle et al (1989) carried out a randomized clinical trial of home nursing

care for lung cancer patients and found that patients receiving home care by nurses experienced statistically

less symptom distress and greater independence than those in the group not receiving some home care.

Mitchell (1989) examined profile of excellence in critical care units and found that patient satisfaction

increased as the ratio of registered nurses and patient in intensive care and critical care units increased.

Tarnow & King (2004) compared the discomfort levels of injections given bevel up versus bevel down.

Comfort was measured after subjects had received injection by both methods. The first injection inflicted

less discomfort than the second injection regardless of the method. They reported that they were more

comfortable themselves when giving the injection with the bevel up than when the bevel was down.

3.2 Studies related to reducing health costs

As an outcome of WICHE project (1970-75), the nursing research confirmed that effect of heparin flush and

saline flush solutions are same on maintaining patency , preventing phlebitis and increasing duration of

peripheral heparin locks (Goode 1991, Rondolph,1998). Alberta Association of Registered Nurses (1994)

presented research project on the “Flushing routines used with central venous catheters”. For years, the

practice had been to flush the line twice daily to maintain patency. The nurses noticed that patients who

occasionally missed the flushing routines had no ill effects. A study was conducted to examine the effects of

once-weekly flushing catheters. Results showed that the once-weekly protocol maintained patency without

any increase in complications rather it was cost-saving and gave greater freedom to the nurses. Brooten et al

(1986) conducted a randomized clinical trial of early hospital discharge and home follow-up of very low birth

weight infants. The study demonstrated the cost-effectiveness of a carefully controlled, early discharge

programme for low birth weight babies to their homes. Neidlinger et al (1987) study showed that a discharge

plan protocol implemented by the nurse resulted in a significantly reduced length of stay as well as a longer

time between discharge and next hospitalization. Once again it was demonstrated that nurse-directed

discharge planning and nurse-managed home care saved hospital costs and provided a safe alternative to

hospitalization.

3.3 Studies related to enhancing patient safety

Fuqua and Stevens (1988) reviewed studies conducted about medication errors. The ward managed by

qualified nursing staff showed less medication error than the ward managed by technical staff. Loraine B.

Fields (2008) found mechanically ventilated patients due to decreased level of consciousness, dry open

mouth and micro aspiration of secretions developing ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP).

They instituted VAP bundle prepared by the Institute of Health Care Improvement. The VAP bundle consisted oof (i) elevating the head of the patient to 30 , (ii) preventing venous thrombo embolism through use of

sequential compression devices or anticoagulants, (iii) administering gastric acid histamines-2 blockers

preventing gastric mucosal ulcers, (iv) practicing good hand hygiene, (v) initiating early mobilisation, (vi)

performing daily sedation interruptions at 10.00 A.M to elevate neurologic status, (vii) oral care-timed tooth thbrushing (8 hourly) can mitigate and prevent the occurrence of VAP. As an outcome of VAP rate dropped to 0

within a week of beginning the every 8 hrs tooth brushing regimen in the intervention group. Harty et al

(1989) studied “Hospital Characteristics and Mortality Rates” of 3100 hospitals and found that the percent of

Registered Nurses was higher in hospitals with lower mortality rates.

4. Conclusion

Nursing research has provided evidences that it has implications in the advancement of clinical practice by

improving patient outcomes, cost effectiveness, patient safety and satisfaction.

5. References

ndBurns N. and Groove S K (1999) 'Understanding Nursing Research' , 2 ed,W. B Saunders Company,

Philadelphia.

Is Nurse truly an agent of Change for Effective Leadership?

Dr. Rebecca SamsonDean, P.I.M.S

Introduction

Change is inevitable in any organization with advancement of science and technology and revolution in

information systems, a nurse or nurse manager in any work place is constantly confronted with new

challenges. Change should not be viewed as a threat but as a challenge or chance to do something new and

innovative. Change should only be implemented for good reasons.

Definitions

• A change agent is the person responsible for moving others – who are affected by the change – through

the stages of change.

• Planned change is a change that results from a well thought out and deliberates effort to make

something happen. It is the deliberate application of knowledge and skills by a leader to bring about a

change (Tappen 1995).

Stages of planned change: Lewin (1951) 1. Unfreezing stage 2.Moving stage 3.Refreezing stage

The Driving and Restraining forces for change (Marriner-Tomey1992)

Driving forces Restraining forces

1. Pressure from manager

2. Desire to please manager

3. Perception that change will

improve self image.

4. Belief that change will improve

situation.

1. Continuity to norms, morals and ethics.

2. Desire for security. 3. Perception of threat-economic or

prestige & homeostasis. 4. Regulatory mechanisms for

keeping the situation fairly constant.

The Reasons for Effecting Change: According to Sullivan & Decker 1988.

1. To solve a problem. 2. To increase efficiency and effectiveness. 3. To reduce unnecessary workload

Types of Change Strategies: There are three different types of change strategies which can be used

to effect change (Bennis, Benne & Chinn 1969).

1. Rational – empirical strategy 2.Normative – reductive strategy 3. Power – coercive strategy

How do you bring about change? Identify the problem or opportunity. Change is often planned to close

a performance gap.

It must be identified clearly by asking the following questions:

Where we are now? What is unique about us? What can we do that is different and better?

What are the driving forces in our organization? What prevent us from moving? What kind of change is

required?

It is imperative to assess the political pulse:

Who will gain from this change? Who will lose? Which of these has more power and why? Can those power

bases be altered and How? Who is in control? The commitment of the people involved the structure and the

processes of the organization, Cost and Benefit analyses and Resources.

It is important to analyze the data into useful information to make important decisions.

Plan strategy for the change: What will be the target system for change?

• Members from the system should be involved in the planning stage ,and the more involved, the less

resistance will be there later.

• Soften Present attitudes, habits, and ways of thinking. So members of the target system will be ready

for the change and develop dissatisfaction to the present system by introducing information and

minimize anxiety about the change, plan the resources required and Evaluate the progress in the

change

Implement change:

• The plans are put into motion. Interventions are designed to gain necessary compliance. Creates

supportive climate, acts as energizer, obtain and provide feedback and overcome resistance.

• Change individuals' perceptions, attitudes, values and develop necessary skills by Providing

information, Training, Discussions, or Counseling

• Support system for the change is developed; to assure permanency of change, through continuous

feedback, reinforcement and providing the necessary policies, procedures and standard etc.

Successful change agent demonstrates certain characteristics that can be cultivated and mastered with

practice. The ability to combine ideas, to energize others, Skills in human relations integrative thinking,

flexibility to modify ideas, persistent, confidence, realistic thinking, trustworthy, ability to articulate a vision

and to handle resistance.

Conclusion : Surely Nurse can make a lot of difference in her work place as change agent irrespective of

her position ,provided she has positive thinking ,possess leadership qualities and DESIRE to learn

more…more….and more…

Best wishes

ALUMNI- REFLECTIONS

COLLEGE OF NURSING

PONDICHERRY INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES

God made country…,With his blessing …,Man made PIMS.PIMS is a kingdom of true education , mental training pleasant nature and a preparation for special persuits.

According to proverb “ a stitch in time saves nine”, PIMS stitches each and every student in time and saves

the rest of his/her life.-JINCY(2006-2010).

I'm proud to say that, am a graduate from PIMS, it was really such a wonderful college days with my friends

and teacher's……. It's like to be in a hour away from home. Thank you all who made me a good nurse.

-PRACHITA(2006-2010).

.I feel very proud to say that I am a graduate from college of nursing PIMS. Past four years I felt like four days

in my life. Efficient teaching talented teachers are the root of success. This I am using to remember and thank

all my teachers who guide me here.-SUSAN ABRAHAM(2006-2010).

Home away from home. College PIMS, surrounding gave me a feeling of homely atmosphere. The

experience which I gained during my student period really helps me when I work as a staff nurse now.

-SUNITHA(2006-2010).

Life in PIMS was like a trip to fairy Land though it was mysterious all you treasure is joy and peace. It is a

place where I knew about my inner self and helped me to focus on things which I never ever dreamt about that

is being a sports player and each trials encouraged us to gain a team spirit and turned out as a person to make

right choices in the path of life. All that I am now is because of the toils rendered by second family that is PIMS

-SONIA VARGHESE(2006-2010).

I am proud of what I am now as a staff nurse at PIMS. The experiences which I gained during student period

really helps me a lot. I thank all my faculty and PIMS family who helped to achieve this.

-MOBY(2006-2010).

College of nursing, PIMS, … the very institution where I learned, I grew to a professional… PIMS, CON

provided us with a team of well experienced teachers, handful of experience and attractive physical facilities

to become what I am today. Proud to be a student of college of nursing, PIMS.

- JYOTHI MATHEW (2007-2011).

I am working as a staff nurse now, I understood that am able to withstand in any occasion. Clinical experience I

got was well and good. We really thank our college.

- VINAYA MARY GEORGE (2007-2011).

I feel great to study in my college of nursing PIMS. PIMS changed my life a lot, way of thinking, way of

behaving and even in forming a good character. From my bottom of heart I can say that I am proud of being a

PIMS graduate.

-JINCY THOMAS (2007-2011).

.According to me, PIMS, CON was a cherisable memories from the day when I joined the Nursing there till

now what I was, joined as a staff Nurse in PIMS. The learning environment which provide was excellent with

modernzied class room and teaching equipment with experienced instructors help me to face the problems in

open hand. I am proud to be an old student in CON, PIMS.-SOWMYA K. ROY(2007-2011).

.I am miss. Jismi George. I was 2007-2008 batch student in CON. CON promised us that they provide

opportunities to grow talents … and gave us a healthy beautiful atmosphere for our curriculum. Physical setup

of PIMS, CON is a perfect one.- JISMI GEORGE(2007-2011).

PIMS, CON had given me lot of opportunities to express myself in different ways. I am proud to say that, now

I am working as a staff Nurse in PIMS. - DAYANA ALEYA PHILIP(2007-2011).

.My teachers are loving and caring. My clinical experience helped me to be a good Nurse.

- ASHA MERIN VARGHESE(2007-2011)..

I am very happy to say that, I was a student in PIMS College of Nursing. I enjoyed the privilege of being a

member of PIMS family. Well experienced efficient and highly committed faculty are engaged in having

classes. The high point is that examinations are conducted on time and result declared at the right time .

- MEERA MURALI(2007-2011).

.First I am thanking my almighty God for giving wonderful opportunity to study four years in CON, PIMS. In

my college all my friends and madams are very friendly and caring and helped me a lot. I had experienced

unforgettable and cherishablememories from my CON. I am really proud to say that I am a PIMS graduate.

- SHIJA MARY(2007-2011).

.College of nursing made me to enjoy the life in all aspects. It made me to know the value of nursing scope,

ethics. - JULIE SUSAN VARGHESE(2007-2011).

.I am happy to be a PIMS graduate. Beside increasing good education, the college has become the centre of

many activities. Which increases the talents, skills present In the students. I am very glad to say that our

college is growing like a healthy tree with numberless branches and green leaves which gives shades to many

students. Our college is not just a building, it is an institution, not just an institution, it is an home.

- SHEENA KURIAN(2007-2011).

.I am very glad to say that I am a PIMS graduate. I acquired knowledge, skills and talent. I got a homely feeling

when I studied in CON, PIMS. - LINJU ELILEZABETH VARGHESE(2007-2011).

.I am very proud to study in PIMS and to become a PIMS graduate gained basic skills and knowledge in

Nursing. I got a good leadership quality and taking responsibilities in day to day life. This college of nursing

will become a way to get a bright future. -REMYA ANNA MATHEN(2007-2011).

.When I talk to my other friends in the same field, I understood that value of CON,PIMS. I got a good job with

salary even before I got graduated. - DALIA ROY(2007-2011).

.

I got improvements in my character and behavior. Our teachers guided us for a great future.

– SINU ANDREWS(2007-2011).

.Four years in PIMS, CON was ever memorable one in our life. We got a good guiding from here. Now what I

am is because of PIMS, CON. - LIZU RACHEL THOMAS(2007-2011).

.PIMS CON, now it is a great nostalgia for all of us. We got some great personalities as our teachers. Even we

were irresponsible and naughty, our teachers trained us with a great effort. - VEENA . V. KUMAR(2007-2011).

.PI MS CON , where I started my life journey. I got a meaning for my life and proud that I am a PIMS graduate.

I am really lucky to get a guiding and supportive faculties by whome I am now.

- NEENA JACOB(2007-2011).

.First I would like to say that I am really lucky to get a chance to study here and proud to be a PIMS graduate. I

got a chance to improve my taught about Nursing and understood the value of Nursingcareere and it blessed

me with lots of memories. -ANJU JACOB(2007-2011).

.PIMS life is the most memorable part in my life. The guidance, love, care given by all have now made me the

good one. PIMS had provided me lots of opportunities in all ways to be the best .

- JUBY THOMAS(2007-2011).

.PIMS have molded my life to the best what I am now. PIMS have blessed me lots of experiences, good

friends, opportunities in curricular and co-curricular activities and many lessons in my life. And also, we were

blessed with good, loving, caring and supportive faculties.

-ANCY KURIAKOSE(2007-2011).

.PIMS , CON was the turning point of my life, I am proud to be a PIMS graduate. The four years I spent her is

the memorable days in my life. PIMS have the homely atmosphere and a bag a great experienced people for the best training and

teaching. I loved to be here and past of PIMS family.

- JEEYA ZERA IYPE.M(2007-2011).

.

I learned many things fast. Our clinical exposure was very good. Co-curricular activities very mind blowing

we got many chances to enjoy and make fun. We really miss our college life. Our teachers were so friendly.

CON make as bold and we hope we will get a good position in our future.

- RILU ANNE THARAKAN(2007-2011).

.After spending four years at PIMS college of nursing, I am proudto say I am a PIMS graduate because I feel

this institute is an epitome of excellence in nursing education .Efficient management, effective

administration, quality education, and overall DEDICATION to reach new heights has lead PIMS to

greatness.Personality, I was most happy with the fabulous hostel facilities available.Kudos to PIMS to reach perfection!

-KEZIAH THOMAS M(2007-2011).

.Four years felt like just four days in PIMS. I was overwhlemed by the beautiful campus and the care shown by

our great teachers.I personally feel the theoretical and practical knowledge imparted at PIMS is of great excellence. My sincere

prayers and wishes for PIMS to reach great heights.

-JERIL JOSE N(2007-2011).

Photogallery

TEACHING FACULTY COLLEGE OF NURSING

Seated( from left): Mrs. Jayasankari, Mrs. Julie Ashok, Dr. Rebecca Samson(Dean), Dr. K. Jacob

(Chairman), Dr. James J. Gnadoss(Director-Principal) Dr. Kiran patekar(Registrar), Mrs. Malarvizhi (Vice-

Principal), Mrs. Sujatha, Mrs. Bridgette Akila.

Standing (Front row- from left): Mrs. Suganthi, Mrs. Leena, Mrs. Sheela.K, Mrs. Anusuya, Mrs. Annie

William, Mrs. Mary, Mrs. Abirami, Mrs. Sheela.J, Ms. Saritha, Mrs. Bhavani.

Standing (Back row- from left):Mrs. Jeyapriya, Ms. Kirupa, Mrs. Merlin, Mrs. Suganya, Mrs. Parvin, Mrs.

Amirtha, Mrs. Lalitha

ADMINISTRATORS -- COLLEGE OF NURSING

Seated( from left): Mrs. Sujatha (B.Sc Nursing Co-ordinator), Mrs. Jayasankari (P.B.B.Sc Nursing Co-

ordinator), Dr. Rebecca Samson(Dean), Dr. K. Jacob (Chairman), Dr. James J. Gnadoss(Director-Principal)

Dr. Kiran patekar(Registrar), Mrs. Malarvizhi (Vice-Principal/ PG Co-ordinator).

ALL STAFF COLLEGE OF NURSING

Seated( from left): Mrs. Jayasankari, Mrs. Julie Ashok, Dr. Rebecca Samson(Dean), Dr. K. Jacob

(Chairman), Dr. James J. Gnadoss(Director-Principal) Dr. Kiran Patekar(Registrar), Mrs. Malarvizhi (Vice-

Principal), Mrs. Sujatha, Mrs. Bridgette Akila.

Standing (Front row- from left): Mrs. Suganthi, Mrs. Leena, Mrs. Sheela.K, Mrs. Anusuya, Mrs. Annie

William, Mrs. Mary, Mrs. Abirami, Mrs. Sheela.J, Ms. Saritha, Mrs. Bhavani, Mrs. Shobana.

Standing (Back row- from left):Mrs. Jeeji, Mrs. PremalathaMrs. Jeyapriya, Ms. Kirupa, Mrs. Merlin,

Mrs. Suganya, Mrs. Parvin, Mrs. Amirtha, Mrs. Lalitha, Mrs. Pacchayammal.

Standing (Back Second row- from left): Mr. Durai, Mr. Suresh

“CRESENCIAS” (2008-2012 BATCH) – CLASS PHOTO WITH TEACHERS

Seated( from left): Mrs. Leena, Mrs. Jayasankari, Mrs. Julie Ashok, Dr. Rebecca Samson(Dean),

Dr. K. Jacob (Chairman), Dr. James J. Gnadoss(Director-Principal) Dr. Kiran Patekar(Registrar),

Mrs. Malarvizhi (Vice-Principal), Mrs. Bhavani, Mrs. Jeyapriya, Mrs. Kirupa, Ms. Bridgette Akila.

“VIXENS” (2009-2013 BATCH) - CLASS PHOTO WITH TEACHERS

Seated( from left): Mrs. Anusuya, Mrs. Annie, Mrs. Julie Ashok, Dr. Rebecca Samson(Dean),

Dr. K. Jacob (Chairman), Dr. James J. Gnadoss(Director-Principal) Dr. Kiran Patekar(Registrar),

Mrs. Malarvizhi (Vice-Principal), Mrs. Lalitha, Mrs. Sheela.K, Mrs. Merlin, Mrs. Suganya

“MESMERIZERS” (2010-2014 BATCH) – CLASS PHOTO WITH TEACHERS

Seated( from left): Ms. Saritha, Mrs. Sujatha, Mrs. Julie Ashok, Dr. Rebecca Samson(Dean),

Dr. K. Jacob (Chairman), Dr. James J. Gnadoss(Director-Principal) Dr. Kiran patekar(Registrar),

Mrs. Malarvizhi (Vice-Principal), Mrs. Mary, Mrs. Sheela.J

“HEART HUNTERS” (2011-2015 BATCH) – CLASS PHOTO WITH TEACHERS

Seated( from left): Mrs. Suganthi, Rev. Prime Sarojini, Mrs. Julie Ashok, Dr. Rebecca Samson(Dean),

Dr. K. Jacob (Chairman), Dr. James J. Gnadoss(Director-Principal) Dr. Kiran patekar(Registrar),

Mrs. Malarvizhi (Vice-Principal), Mrs. Parvin, Mrs. Amirtha,Mrs. Abirami

SNA CABINET

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE

Seated( from left): Rev. Prime Sarojini, Mrs. Bhavani, Dr. Rebecca Samson(Dean),

Mrs. Malarvizhi (Vice-Principal), Mrs. Sujatha.

Standing (from left) : Ms. Preeti, Ms. Christina, Ms. Wincy, Ms. Geetha, Ms. Dorothy, Ms. Suniram,

ACADEMIC TOPPERS 2010- 2011 (B.Sc. N)

Year I Prize II Prize III Prize

I Sem

II Sem

III Sem

IV Sem

V Sem

VI Sem

VII Sem

VIII Sem