madhu varga pharmacological aspectslibvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/pharmacology/...madhu in...

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Madhu Varga Madhu Varga Madhu Varga Madhu Varga Pharmacological Pharmacological Pharmacological Pharmacological Aspects Aspects Aspects Aspects By Dr. R. Sivakumar Under the Guidance of Dr. J. R. Joshi M.D. Department of P. G. Studies in Kayacikitsa, Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya, Hubli ®Copyright 2007

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Page 1: Madhu Varga Pharmacological Aspectslibvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/pharmacology/...Madhu in Roga Avastha Madhu Varga -Pharmacological Aspects Dr.R. Sivakumar Slide 16 of 35

Madhu Varga Madhu Varga Madhu Varga Madhu Varga

Pharmacological Pharmacological Pharmacological Pharmacological

AspectsAspectsAspectsAspects

By

Dr. R. Sivakumar

Under the Guidance of

Dr. J. R. Joshi M.D.

Department of P. G. Studies in Kayacikitsa,

Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya, Hubli

®Copyright 2007

Page 2: Madhu Varga Pharmacological Aspectslibvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/pharmacology/...Madhu in Roga Avastha Madhu Varga -Pharmacological Aspects Dr.R. Sivakumar Slide 16 of 35

"But Jonathan [son of Saul] . . . reached out the end of the staff that was in his hand and dipped it into the honeycomb. He raised his hand to his mouth, and his eyes brightened." (1 Samuel 14:24).

IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction

Rigveda: “ This herb, born of honey, dripped in honey, sweetened by honey, honied, is the remedy for all injuries”.

“ Let every wind that blows drop honey; let the rivers and streams recreate honey; let all our medicines turn into honey; let the dawn and the evening be full of honey; our nourisher, this sky above, be full of honey; let our trees be

honey; let the sun be honey, let our cows secrete honey ”. (1:9:6-8)

Qur’an: “Thy Lord taught the bees; To build its cells in hills,On trees and in man’s habitations; Then to eat of all

the produce of the earth . . .From within their bodies comes a drink of varying colors,

Wherein is healing for mankind”. (Surah XVI: 68 – 69)

Prophet Muhammad advises his followers to "Use two curatives: Honey and Qur'an."

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 2 of 35

Bible:

Page 3: Madhu Varga Pharmacological Aspectslibvolume7.xyz/physiotherapy/bsc/2ndyear/pharmacology/...Madhu in Roga Avastha Madhu Varga -Pharmacological Aspects Dr.R. Sivakumar Slide 16 of 35

Honey in Egyptian medicineHoney in Egyptian medicineHoney in Egyptian medicineHoney in Egyptian medicine

“Man of Bicor” 15000 BC. Cueva de la Arana, Valencia, Spain

ExcerptfromtheEdwinSmithPapyrus

Dioscorides, De Materia Medica,15th c. Iviron Monastery, Mount Athos, Greece.

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 3 of 35

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•Aristotle (384 – 322 BC) “eating honey prolongs life”.

• Hippocrates (460 – 377 BC) - "I eat honey and use it in the treatment of manydiseases because honey offers good food and good health”.

• Dioscorides (AD 40 – 90), Surgeon in Roman army, in his book “De MateriaMedica (foremost classical source of modern botanical terminology and theleading pharmacological text until the 15th century) says,“Honey could beused as treatment for stomach disease, wound that has pus, hemorrhoids, andtreatment to stop coughing.

• Honey opens the blood vessels and attracts moisture.

• If applied to fresh wounds it seals them. It is good for deep dirty wounds.

• Honey mixed with salt could be dropped inside a painful ear.

• It will kill lice if infested children’s skin is painted with it.

• It may also improve vision.

• Gargle with honey to reduce tonsillar swelling”.

Honey in Egyptian medicineHoney in Egyptian medicineHoney in Egyptian medicineHoney in Egyptian medicine

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 4 of 35

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References of Madhu References of Madhu References of Madhu References of Madhu &&&&Madhu Varga in SamhitasMadhu Varga in SamhitasMadhu Varga in SamhitasMadhu Varga in Samhitas

Charaka Samhita - Sutra – 27 Annapānavidhim Adhyāya 243 – 249

Susrutha Samhita - Sutra – 45 Dravadravyavidhim Adhyāya 132 – 147

Ashtānga Samgraha - Sutra – 6 Dravadravyavignaniya Adhyāya 91 - 98

Astānga Hrudaya - Sutra – 5 Dravadravyavignaniya Adhyāya 51.2 – 54

Kāshyapa Samhita - Purva Kānda – Madhuvisheshaniyam Adhyāya 21

Bhāvaprakasha - Purva Kānda– 6 / 22nd part

Dhanvantari Nigantu - Suvarnaadhi varga

Rāja Nigantu - Paneeya Varga

Yogaratnakara - Poorvardha – Varga

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 5 of 35

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Madhu Varga:Madhu Varga:Madhu Varga:Madhu Varga:

8 types of qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ + qÉkÉÑ ÎcNû¹qÉkÉÑ ÎcNû¹qÉkÉÑ ÎcNû¹qÉkÉÑ ÎcNû¹

Definition of Madhu from Harita Samhita:

lÉÉlÉÉmÉÑwmÉmÉëMüÉUÉhÉÉÇ UxÉxÉÉUÉiqÉMÇü qÉkÉÑ |lÉÉlÉÉmÉÑwmÉmÉëMüÉUÉhÉÉÇ UxÉxÉÉUÉiqÉMÇü qÉkÉÑ |lÉÉlÉÉmÉÑwmÉmÉëMüÉUÉhÉÉÇ UxÉxÉÉUÉiqÉMÇü qÉkÉÑ |lÉÉlÉÉmÉÑwmÉmÉëMüÉUÉhÉÉÇ UxÉxÉÉUÉiqÉMÇü qÉkÉÑ |

Collective description given by Vagbhatacharya:

cɤÉÑwrÉÇ cNåûÌS iÉcɤÉÑwrÉÇ cNåûÌS iÉcɤÉÑwrÉÇ cNåûÌS iÉcɤÉÑwrÉÇ cNåûÌS iÉ××××SèzsÉåwqÉÌuÉwÉÌWûkqÉÉxÉëÌmÉSèzsÉåwqÉÌuÉwÉÌWûkqÉÉxÉëÌmÉSèzsÉåwqÉÌuÉwÉÌWûkqÉÉxÉëÌmÉSèzsÉåwqÉÌuÉwÉÌWûkqÉÉxÉëÌmɨ̈̈̈ÉlÉÑiÉç |ÉlÉÑiÉç |ÉlÉÑiÉç |ÉlÉÑiÉç |

MÑü¸ qÉåWû MMÑü¸ qÉåWû MMÑü¸ qÉåWû MMÑü¸ qÉåWû M××××üÍqÉ cNûÌSï µÉÉxÉ MüÉxÉ AÌiÉxÉÉUÎeÉiÉç ||üÍqÉ cNûÌSï µÉÉxÉ MüÉxÉ AÌiÉxÉÉUÎeÉiÉç ||üÍqÉ cNûÌSï µÉÉxÉ MüÉxÉ AÌiÉxÉÉUÎeÉiÉç ||üÍqÉ cNûÌSï µÉÉxÉ MüÉxÉ AÌiÉxÉÉUÎeÉiÉç ||

uÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉ xÉlkÉÉlÉ UÉåmÉhÉÇ uÉÉiÉsÉÇ qÉkÉÑ | uÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉ xÉlkÉÉlÉ UÉåmÉhÉÇ uÉÉiÉsÉÇ qÉkÉÑ | uÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉ xÉlkÉÉlÉ UÉåmÉhÉÇ uÉÉiÉsÉÇ qÉkÉÑ | uÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉ xÉlkÉÉlÉ UÉåmÉhÉÇ uÉÉiÉsÉÇ qÉkÉÑ |

¤ÉÇ MüwÉÉrÉqÉkÉÑUÇ cÉ iɤÉÇ MüwÉÉrÉqÉkÉÑUÇ cÉ iɤÉÇ MüwÉÉrÉqÉkÉÑUÇ cÉ iɤÉÇ MüwÉÉrÉqÉkÉÑUÇ cÉ iɨ̈̈̈ÉÑsrÉÉ qÉkÉÑzÉMïüUÉ || A.xÉ.6ÉÑsrÉÉ qÉkÉÑzÉMïüUÉ || A.xÉ.6ÉÑsrÉÉ qÉkÉÑzÉMïüUÉ || A.xÉ.6ÉÑsrÉÉ qÉkÉÑzÉMïüUÉ || A.xÉ.6

uÉÉiÉsÉÇ aÉÑ zÉÏiÉÇ cÉ U£üÌmÉuÉÉiÉsÉÇ aÉÑ zÉÏiÉÇ cÉ U£üÌmÉuÉÉiÉsÉÇ aÉÑ zÉÏiÉÇ cÉ U£üÌmÉuÉÉiÉsÉÇ aÉÑ zÉÏiÉÇ cÉ U£üÌmɨ̈̈̈ÉMüTüÉmÉWûqÉ |ÉMüTüÉmÉWûqÉ |ÉMüTüÉmÉWûqÉ |ÉMüTüÉmÉWûqÉ |

zÉlkÉÉiÉzÉlkÉÉiÉzÉlkÉÉiÉzÉlkÉÉiÉ×××× cNåûSlÉÇ Ã¤ÉÇ MüwÉÉrÉÇ qÉkÉÑUÇ qÉkÉÑ || cÉ.xÉÔ.27 cNåûSlÉÇ Ã¤ÉÇ MüwÉÉrÉÇ qÉkÉÑUÇ qÉkÉÑ || cÉ.xÉÔ.27 cNåûSlÉÇ Ã¤ÉÇ MüwÉÉrÉÇ qÉkÉÑUÇ qÉkÉÑ || cÉ.xÉÔ.27 cNåûSlÉÇ Ã¤ÉÇ MüwÉÉrÉÇ qÉkÉÑUÇ qÉkÉÑ || cÉ.xÉÔ.27

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 6 of 35

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pÉåSpÉåSpÉåSpÉåS ´́́́Éå¸ MüqÉïÉå¸ MüqÉïÉå¸ MüqÉïÉå¸ MüqÉï uÉhÉïuÉhÉïuÉhÉïuÉhÉï aÉÑhÉ aÉÑhÉ aÉÑhÉ aÉÑhÉ ---- UxÉUxÉUxÉUxÉ UÉåaÉblÉUÉåaÉblÉUÉåaÉblÉUÉåaÉblÉ

qÉÉͤÉMqÉÉͤÉMqÉÉͤÉMqÉÉͤÉM

üüüü

lÉålÉålÉålÉ姧§§ÉÉpÉrÉWûÉÉpÉrÉWûÉÉpÉrÉWûÉÉpÉrÉWû

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iÉæsÉuÉhÉïiÉæsÉuÉhÉïiÉæsÉuÉhÉïiÉæsÉuÉhÉï ´́́́Éå¸ qÉkÉÑÉå¸ qÉkÉÑÉå¸ qÉkÉÑÉå¸ qÉkÉÑ MüÉqÉsÉ, AzÉï, ¤ÉiÉ, ¤ÉrÉMüÉqÉsÉ, AzÉï, ¤ÉiÉ, ¤ÉrÉMüÉqÉsÉ, AzÉï, ¤ÉiÉ, ¤ÉrÉMüÉqÉsÉ, AzÉï, ¤ÉiÉ, ¤ÉrÉ

pÉëÉqÉUpÉëÉqÉUpÉëÉqÉUpÉëÉqÉU U£üÌmÉU£üÌmÉU£üÌmÉU£üÌmɨ̈̈̈ÉblÉÇÉblÉÇÉblÉÇÉblÉÇ µÉåiÉuÉhÉïµÉåiÉuÉhÉïµÉåiÉuÉhÉïµÉåiÉuÉhÉï ÌmÉÎcNûsÉÌmÉÎcNûsÉÌmÉÎcNûsÉÌmÉÎcNûsÉ ( qÉÔ( qÉÔ( qÉÔ( qÉÔ§§§§ÉeÉÉÉeÉÉÉeÉÉÉeÉÉŽMüU )MüU )MüU )MüU )

¤ÉÉæSì¤ÉÉæSì¤ÉÉæSì¤ÉÉæSì qÉåWûlÉÉzÉlÉ,qÉåWûlÉÉzÉlÉ,qÉåWûlÉÉzÉlÉ,qÉåWûlÉÉzÉlÉ,

qÉåSÉåblÉqÉåSÉåblÉqÉåSÉåblÉqÉåSÉåblÉ

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bÉbÉbÉbÉ××××iÉ uÉhÉïiÉ uÉhÉïiÉ uÉhÉïiÉ uÉhÉï ÌuÉSÉÌWûÌuÉSÉÌWûÌuÉSÉÌWûÌuÉSÉÌWû aÉëljrÉÉÌS¤ÉiÉzÉÉåÌwÉaÉëljrÉÉÌS¤ÉiÉzÉÉåÌwÉaÉëljrÉÉÌS¤ÉiÉzÉÉåÌwÉaÉëljrÉÉÌS¤ÉiÉzÉÉåÌwÉ

ÌmÉÌmÉÌmÉÌmɨ̈̈̈ÉSÉWûÉxÉëuÉÉiÉMÉSÉWûÉxÉëuÉÉiÉMÉSÉWûÉxÉëuÉÉiÉMÉSÉWûÉxÉëuÉÉiÉM××××üiÉçüiÉçüiÉçüiÉç

NûÉNûÉNûÉNûɧ§§§ÉÉÉÉ ÍµÉ͵É͵É͵ɧ§§§ÉblÉ, ÉblÉ, ÉblÉ, ÉblÉ,

iÉmÉïhÉiÉmÉïhÉiÉmÉïhÉiÉmÉïhÉ

AÉmÉÏiÉuÉhAÉmÉÏiÉuÉhAÉmÉÏiÉuÉhAÉmÉÏiÉuÉh

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aÉÑÂ, ÌmÉÎcNûsÉaÉÑÂ, ÌmÉÎcNûsÉaÉÑÂ, ÌmÉÎcNûsÉaÉÑÂ, ÌmÉÎcNûsÉ

AÉbrÉïAÉbrÉïAÉbrÉïAÉbrÉï AÌiÉcɤÉÑwrÉÇAÌiÉcɤÉÑwrÉÇAÌiÉcɤÉÑwrÉÇAÌiÉcɤÉÑwrÉÇ ÌmÉ…¡ûsÉuÉÌmÉ…¡ûsÉuÉÌmÉ…¡ûsÉuÉÌmÉ…¡ûsÉuÉ

hÉïhÉïhÉïhÉï

MüwÉÉrÉ ÌiÉ£ü UxÉMüwÉÉrÉ ÌiÉ£ü UxÉMüwÉÉrÉ ÌiÉ£ü UxÉMüwÉÉrÉ ÌiÉ£ü UxÉ oÉsÉmÉÑ̸MüUqÉçoÉsÉmÉÑ̸MüUqÉçoÉsÉmÉÑ̸MüUqÉçoÉsÉmÉÑ̸MüUqÉç

AÉæ¬ÉsÉAÉæ¬ÉsÉAÉæ¬ÉsÉAÉæ¬ÉsÉ MÑü¸MÑü¸MÑü¸MÑü¸

ÌuÉwÉÉmÉWÇûÌuÉwÉÉmÉWÇûÌuÉwÉÉmÉWÇûÌuÉwÉÉmÉWÇû

xuÉhÉï xuÉhÉï xuÉhÉï xuÉhÉï

xÉSØzÉxÉSØzÉxÉSØzÉxÉSØzÉ

MüwÉÉrÉ AqsÉ UxÉ, MüwÉÉrÉ AqsÉ UxÉ, MüwÉÉrÉ AqsÉ UxÉ, MüwÉÉrÉ AqsÉ UxÉ,

MüOÒû mÉÉMüMüOÒû mÉÉMüMüOÒû mÉÉMüMüOÒû mÉÉMü

ÂÍcÉMüU, xuÉrÉïÂÍcÉMüU, xuÉrÉïÂÍcÉMüU, xuÉrÉïÂÍcÉMüU, xuÉrÉï

ÌmÉÌmÉÌmÉÌmɨ̈̈̈É¢ÑüiÉçÉ¢ÑüiÉçÉ¢ÑüiÉçÉ¢ÑüiÉç

RûÉsÉRûÉsÉRûÉsÉRûÉsÉ NûÌSïmÉëqÉåWNûÌSïmÉëqÉåWNûÌSïmÉëqÉåWNûÌSïmÉëqÉåW aÉÑsÉÉoÉÏuaÉÑsÉÉoÉÏuaÉÑsÉÉoÉÏuaÉÑsÉÉoÉÏu AÍkÉMüqÉkÉÑU, äÉAÍkÉMüqÉkÉÑU, äÉAÍkÉMüqÉkÉÑU, äÉAÍkÉMüqÉkÉÑU, Ã¤É ÂcrÉÇÂcrÉÇÂcrÉÇÂcrÉÇ

MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu types types types types ––––Pharmacological ImportancePharmacological ImportancePharmacological ImportancePharmacological Importance

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 7 of 35

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Properties Vagbhata Charaka Susrutha Others

UxÉUxÉUxÉUxÉMüwÉÉrÉqÉkÉÑMüwÉÉrÉqÉkÉÑMüwÉÉrÉqÉkÉÑMüwÉÉrÉqÉkÉÑ

UUUU

MüwÉÉrÉqÉkMüwÉÉrÉqÉkMüwÉÉrÉqÉkMüwÉÉrÉqÉk

ÉÑUÉÑUÉÑUÉÑU

xuÉÉSÒUxÉ,xuÉÉSÒUxÉ,xuÉÉSÒUxÉ,xuÉÉSÒUxÉ,

MüwÉÉrÉÉlÉÑUMüwÉÉrÉÉlÉÑUMüwÉÉrÉÉlÉÑUMüwÉÉrÉÉlÉÑU

xÉxÉxÉxÉ

aÉÑhÉaÉÑhÉaÉÑhÉaÉÑhÉ aÉÑ ¤ÉaÉÑ ¤ÉaÉÑ ¤ÉaÉÑÂ Â¤É aÉÑ ¤ÉaÉÑ ¤ÉaÉÑ ¤ÉaÉÑÂ Â¤É sÉbÉÑ Â¤ÉsÉbÉÑ Â¤ÉsÉbÉÑ Â¤ÉsÉbÉÑ Â¤É

uÉÏrÉïuÉÏrÉïuÉÏrÉïuÉÏrÉï zÉÏiÉzÉÏiÉzÉÏiÉzÉÏiÉ zÉÏiÉzÉÏiÉzÉÏiÉzÉÏiÉ zÉÏiÉzÉÏiÉzÉÏiÉzÉÏiÉ

mÉëpÉÉuÉmÉëpÉÉuÉmÉëpÉÉuÉmÉëpÉÉuÉ cɤÉÑwrÉÇcɤÉÑwrÉÇcɤÉÑwrÉÇcɤÉÑwrÉÇ cɤÉÑwrÉÇcɤÉÑwrÉÇcɤÉÑwrÉÇcɤÉÑwrÉÇ cɤÉÑwrÉÇ (UÉeÉ)cɤÉÑwrÉÇ (UÉeÉ)cɤÉÑwrÉÇ (UÉeÉ)cɤÉÑwrÉÇ (UÉeÉ)

SÉåwÉSÉåwÉSÉåwÉSÉåwÉxsÉåwqÉuÉÉiÉWûxsÉåwqÉuÉÉiÉWûxsÉåwqÉuÉÉiÉWûxsÉåwqÉuÉÉiÉWû

UUUUuÉÉiÉsÉuÉÉiÉsÉuÉÉiÉsÉuÉÉiÉsÉ ÌÌÌ̧§§§ÉSÉåwÉblÉÉSÉåwÉblÉÉSÉåwÉblÉÉSÉåwÉblÉ

ÌÌÌ̧§§§ÉSÉåwÉblÉ(kÉÉlÉÉSÉåwÉblÉ(kÉÉlÉÉSÉåwÉblÉ(kÉÉlÉÉSÉåwÉblÉ(kÉÉlÉ

ç)ç)ç)ç)

MüqÉïMüqÉïMüqÉïMüqÉï NåûSlÉNåûSlÉNåûSlÉNåûSlÉ NåûSlÉNåûSlÉNåûSlÉNåûSlÉ ÌuÉsÉåZÉlÉÌuÉsÉåZÉlÉÌuÉsÉåZÉlÉÌuÉsÉåZÉlÉ

ÌuÉwÉÌuÉwÉÌuÉwÉÌuÉwÉ ÌuÉwÉWûUÌuÉwÉWûUÌuÉwÉWûUÌuÉwÉWûU ÌuÉwÉWûUÌuÉwÉWûUÌuÉwÉWûUÌuÉwÉWûUÌuÉwÉWûU ÌuÉwÉWûU ÌuÉwÉWûU ÌuÉwÉWûU

(kÉÉlÉç)(kÉÉlÉç)(kÉÉlÉç)(kÉÉlÉç)

uÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉuÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉuÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉuÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉ

uÉëhÉ uÉëhÉ uÉëhÉ uÉëhÉ

Properties of Madhu Properties of Madhu Properties of Madhu Properties of Madhu

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 8 of 35

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Special Karmas mentioned by AcharyasSpecial Karmas mentioned by AcharyasSpecial Karmas mentioned by AcharyasSpecial Karmas mentioned by Acharyas

Sushrutha

aÉëÉÌWûaÉëÉÌWûaÉëÉÌWûaÉëÉÌWû

SÏmÉlÉSÏmÉlÉSÏmÉlÉSÏmÉlÉ

xuÉrÉïxuÉrÉïxuÉrÉïxuÉrÉï

xÉÉæMÑüqÉÉrÉïMüUxÉÉæMÑüqÉÉrÉïMüUxÉÉæMÑüqÉÉrÉïMüUxÉÉæMÑüqÉÉrÉïMüU

¿ûÉÌS, WØû¿ûÉÌS, WØû¿ûÉÌS, WØû¿ûÉÌS, WØû±±±±

mÉëxÉÉSeÉlÉMümÉëxÉÉSeÉlÉMümÉëxÉÉSeÉlÉMümÉëxÉÉSeÉlÉMü

uÉhrÉïuÉhrÉïuÉhrÉïuÉhrÉï

qÉåkÉÉMüUqÉåkÉÉMüUqÉåkÉÉMüUqÉåkÉÉMüU

uÉuÉuÉuÉ××××wrÉwrÉwrÉwrÉ

UÉåcÉlÉUÉåcÉlÉUÉåcÉlÉUÉåcÉlÉ

VagbhataFirst drug in xÉlkÉÉlÉ aÉhÉ, ÂÍkÉU xjÉÉmÉlÉ aÉhÉxÉlkÉÉlÉ aÉhÉ, ÂÍkÉU xjÉÉmÉlÉ aÉhÉxÉlkÉÉlÉ aÉhÉ, ÂÍkÉU xjÉÉmÉlÉ aÉhÉxÉlkÉÉlÉ aÉhÉ, ÂÍkÉU xjÉÉmÉlÉ aÉhÉ

Cakradutta

rÉÉåaÉuÉÉÌWûiuÉ aÉÑhÉÇ rÉÉåaÉuÉÉÌWûiuÉ aÉÑhÉÇ rÉÉåaÉuÉÉÌWûiuÉ aÉÑhÉÇ rÉÉåaÉuÉÉÌWûiuÉ aÉÑhÉÇ of qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ

Danvantari Nigantu

oÉsrÉoÉsrÉoÉsrÉoÉsrÉ

He says madhu possess yogavahi guna and further gives the definition of yogavahitvam while dealing about vata in cÉ.ÍcÉ.3cÉ.ÍcÉ.3cÉ.ÍcÉ.3cÉ.ÍcÉ.3

rÉÉåaÉÉSè rÉÉåÌaÉlÉÉå aÉÑhÉÇ uÉWûiÉÏÌiÉ rÉÉåaÉÉSè rÉÉåÌaÉlÉÉå aÉÑhÉÇ uÉWûiÉÏÌiÉ rÉÉåaÉÉSè rÉÉåÌaÉlÉÉå aÉÑhÉÇ uÉWûiÉÏÌiÉ rÉÉåaÉÉSè rÉÉåÌaÉlÉÉå aÉÑhÉÇ uÉWûiÉÏÌiÉ

rÉÉåaÉuÉÉWû: |rÉÉåaÉuÉÉWû: |rÉÉåaÉuÉÉWû: |rÉÉåaÉuÉÉWû: |

mÉUÍqÉÌiÉ AirÉjÉïqÉç ||mÉUÍqÉÌiÉ AirÉjÉïqÉç ||mÉUÍqÉÌiÉ AirÉjÉïqÉç ||mÉUÍqÉÌiÉ AirÉjÉïqÉç ||

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 9 of 35

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Karmas Karmas Karmas Karmas ---- InterpretationsInterpretationsInterpretationsInterpretations

cɤÉÑwrÉqÉç cɤÉÑwrÉqÉç cɤÉÑwrÉqÉç cɤÉÑwrÉqÉç –––– mÉëpÉÉuÉÇ (mÉëpÉÉuÉÇ (mÉëpÉÉuÉÇ (mÉëpÉÉuÉÇ (contains many vitamins and minerals)

ÌÌÌ̧§§§ÉSÉåwÉblÉÇ ÉSÉåwÉblÉÇ ÉSÉåwÉblÉÇ ÉSÉåwÉblÉÇ –––– sÉbÉÑiuÉÉiÉç MüTüblÉÇ mÉæÎcNûsrÉÉiÉç qÉÉkÉÑrÉÉïiÉç MüwÉÉrÉpÉÉuÉÉiÉç sÉbÉÑiuÉÉiÉç MüTüblÉÇ mÉæÎcNûsrÉÉiÉç qÉÉkÉÑrÉÉïiÉç MüwÉÉrÉpÉÉuÉÉiÉç sÉbÉÑiuÉÉiÉç MüTüblÉÇ mÉæÎcNûsrÉÉiÉç qÉÉkÉÑrÉÉïiÉç MüwÉÉrÉpÉÉuÉÉiÉç sÉbÉÑiuÉÉiÉç MüTüblÉÇ mÉæÎcNûsrÉÉiÉç qÉÉkÉÑrÉÉïiÉç MüwÉÉrÉpÉÉuÉÉiÉç

uÉÉiÉÌmÉuÉÉiÉÌmÉuÉÉiÉÌmÉuÉÉiÉÌmɨ̈̈̈ÉblÉÇ ÉblÉÇ ÉblÉÇ ÉblÉÇ –––– xÉÑxÉÑxÉÑxÉÑ

((((MüTüÌmÉMüTüÌmÉMüTüÌmÉMüTüÌmɨ̈̈̈ÉWûUÉhÉÉÇ ÉWûUÉhÉÉÇ ÉWûUÉhÉÉÇ ÉWûUÉhÉÉÇ ́́́́ Éå¸Ç Éå¸Ç Éå¸Ç Éå¸Ç –––– cÉUMü, uÉÉapÉOû)cÉUMü, uÉÉapÉOû)cÉUMü, uÉÉapÉOû)cÉUMü, uÉÉapÉOû)

aÉÉÌWû, sÉåZÉlÉ, UÉåmÉhÉ, xÉlkÉÉlÉMüU, aÉÉÌWû, sÉåZÉlÉ, UÉåmÉhÉ, xÉlkÉÉlÉMüU, aÉÉÌWû, sÉåZÉlÉ, UÉåmÉhÉ, xÉlkÉÉlÉMüU, aÉÉÌWû, sÉåZÉlÉ, UÉåmÉhÉ, xÉlkÉÉlÉMüU,

MüwÉÉrÉ UxÉ mÉëkÉÉlÉ SìurÉxrÉ aÉÑhÉMüwÉÉrÉ UxÉ mÉëkÉÉlÉ SìurÉxrÉ aÉÑhÉMüwÉÉrÉ UxÉ mÉëkÉÉlÉ SìurÉxrÉ aÉÑhÉMüwÉÉrÉ UxÉ mÉëkÉÉlÉ SìurÉxrÉ aÉÑhÉ (cÉ.xÉÔ.26)(cÉ.xÉÔ.26)(cÉ.xÉÔ.26)(cÉ.xÉÔ.26)

uÉhrÉï, NåûSlÉ, Ã¤É aÉÑhÉ, zÉÏiÉ uÉÏrÉïuÉhrÉï, NåûSlÉ, Ã¤É aÉÑhÉ, zÉÏiÉ uÉÏrÉïuÉhrÉï, NåûSlÉ, Ã¤É aÉÑhÉ, zÉÏiÉ uÉÏrÉïuÉhrÉï, NåûSlÉ, Ã¤É aÉÑhÉ, zÉÏiÉ uÉÏrÉï

mÉëxÉÉSeÉlÉMÇü, ¿ûÉÌS, uÉhrÉï, oÉsrÉ, mÉëxÉÉSeÉlÉMÇü, ¿ûÉÌS, uÉhrÉï, oÉsrÉ, mÉëxÉÉSeÉlÉMÇü, ¿ûÉÌS, uÉhrÉï, oÉsrÉ, mÉëxÉÉSeÉlÉMÇü, ¿ûÉÌS, uÉhrÉï, oÉsrÉ,

qÉkÉÑU UxÉ mÉëkÉÉlÉ SìurÉxrÉ aÉÑhÉqÉkÉÑU UxÉ mÉëkÉÉlÉ SìurÉxrÉ aÉÑhÉqÉkÉÑU UxÉ mÉëkÉÉlÉ SìurÉxrÉ aÉÑhÉqÉkÉÑU UxÉ mÉëkÉÉlÉ SìurÉxrÉ aÉÑhÉ (cÉ.xÉÔ.26)(cÉ.xÉÔ.26)(cÉ.xÉÔ.26)(cÉ.xÉÔ.26)

uÉuÉuÉuÉ××××wrÉ, ÌuÉwÉ WûU, xÉlkÉÉlÉMüU, WØûwrÉ, ÌuÉwÉ WûU, xÉlkÉÉlÉMüU, WØûwrÉ, ÌuÉwÉ WûU, xÉlkÉÉlÉMüU, WØûwrÉ, ÌuÉwÉ WûU, xÉlkÉÉlÉMüU, WØû±±±±ÇÇÇÇ

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 10 of 35

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MMMM××××üÍqÉWûUÇ üÍqÉWûUÇ üÍqÉWûUÇ üÍqÉWûUÇ –––– Bactericidal

uÉuÉuÉuÉ××××hÉzÉÉåkÉlÉÇ hÉzÉÉåkÉlÉÇ hÉzÉÉåkÉlÉÇ hÉzÉÉåkÉlÉÇ –––– SÒ¹ uÉëhÉxrÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉÇSÒ¹ uÉëhÉxrÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉÇSÒ¹ uÉëhÉxrÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉÇSÒ¹ uÉëhÉxrÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉÇ

uÉëhÉUÉåmÉhÉÇ uÉëhÉUÉåmÉhÉÇ uÉëhÉUÉåmÉhÉÇ uÉëhÉUÉåmÉhÉÇ –––– zÉÑ® uÉëhÉxrÉ UÉåmÉhÉÇzÉÑ® uÉëhÉxrÉ UÉåmÉhÉÇzÉÑ® uÉëhÉxrÉ UÉåmÉhÉÇzÉÑ® uÉëhÉxrÉ UÉåmÉhÉÇ

Because of Acidic ph, Osmotic effect,

Presence of enzymatic H2O2 and Lekhana Property

OSMOTIC EFFECT: Honey is a supersaturated sugar solution of fructose andglucose, The interaction of the sugar molecules with water molecules leavesvery little water available to support the growth of microorganisms.

ACIDITY: Honey is acidic, with a ph ranging from 3.2 – 4.5 which is lowenough to inhibit the growth of many pathogens.

HYDROGEN PEROXIDE: It is the major antibacterial compound in honey.Bees secrete the enzyme glucose oxidase from nectar. It converts glucose in thepresence of water and oxygen to glucoronic acid and hydrogen peroxide.

NON-PEROXIDE ANTIBACTERIAL FACTORS: Honey has been reported tohave an inhibitory effect to around 60 species of bacteria including aerobes andanaerobes, gram-positives and gram-negatives . An antifungal action has alsobeen observed for some yeasts and species of Aspergillus and Penicillium aswell as all the common dermatophytes. Staphylococcus aureus is one of thespecies most sensitive to the antibacterial activity of honey.

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SPEEDY CLEARANCE OF INFECTION: Honey is reportedly extremelyeffective in the treatment of wounds infected with antibiotic resistant bacteria –MRSA as well as wounds infected with multi-resistant bacteria.

CLEANSING ACTION ON WOUNDS: Honey has a debriding effect onwounds so that surgical debridement is unnecessary or only a minimumrequired.

STIMULATION OF TISSUE REGENERATION: Honey promotes theformation of clean healthy granulation tissue and growth of epithelium overthe wound, thus helping skin regenerate. It has also been reported thatdressing wounds with honey gives little or no scarring.

Helicobacter pylori has been implicated as a causative agent in peptic ulcersand honey’s antibacterial property is responsible for its therapeutic action inthis setting.

There is a study testing the sensitivity of H. pylori isolated from biopsies ofgastric ulcers against honey from New Zealand. 5% honey was found to inhibitthe growth of H. pylori effectively.

Honey has also been found to be effective in treating bacterial gastroenteritis ininfants.

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 12 of 35

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HoneyHoneyHoneyHoney andandandandPrebioticsPrebioticsPrebioticsPrebiotics

Honey can enhance the growth and acid production of human Bifidobacterium ssp., Journal of Food Protection. 2002;65(1):214-8.)

Honey enhances the production of lactic acid from Bifidobacteria, Journalof Food Science, 2001;66(3):478-481.

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 13 of 35

Bifidobacteria are a group of bacteria consideredimportant to the health of the gastrointestinaltract (i.e., “good bacteria”). Increasingthe populations of these “good bacteria”(and suppressing potentially deleteriousmicroorganisms) are thought to be important tomaintaining optimal gastrointestinal health. Thereare generally two approaches for increasing thepopulations of bifidobacteria in the gut: (1)ingesting the live and active cultures or (2)enhancing the growth of the indigenousbifidobacteria. The first method has been referredto as a “probiotic” while the second is considereda “prebiotic”.

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Madhu Madhu Madhu Madhu in in in in Svastha AvasthaSvastha AvasthaSvastha AvasthaSvastha Avastha

Consuming qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ is considered auspicious.

Consuming qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ is followed as a ritual in festival days.

For SliÉ kÉÉuÉlÉ SliÉ kÉÉuÉlÉ SliÉ kÉÉuÉlÉ SliÉ kÉÉuÉlÉ –––– AÉæwÉkÉÏ + qÉkÉÑ AÉæwÉkÉÏ + qÉkÉÑ AÉæwÉkÉÏ + qÉkÉÑ AÉæwÉkÉÏ + qÉkÉÑ

qÉkuÉÉqoÉÑ qÉkuÉÉqoÉÑ qÉkuÉÉqoÉÑ qÉkuÉÉqoÉÑ –––– uÉwÉï GiÉÑ cÉrÉïuÉwÉï GiÉÑ cÉrÉïuÉwÉï GiÉÑ cÉrÉïuÉwÉï GiÉÑ cÉrÉï

Honey is used for cosmetic purposes. It is claimed that many of CLEOPATRA’S cosmetics were honey based.

Ancestors used it as an anti decaying agent in the mummification process of the dead.

Honey as Energy Booster: It is composed primarily of Carbohydratesand Water , and also contains small amounts of a wide array of Vitamins and Minerals, including Niacin , Riboflavin , Pantothenic acid , Calcium , Copper , Iron , Magnesium , Manganese, Phosphorus, Potassium and Zinc.

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 14 of 35

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Composition Composition Composition Composition of of of of HoneyHoneyHoneyHoney

Carbohydrates (Natural sugars) 71.4%

Moisture (Water)17.1 %

Proteins 0.38%

Mineral traces 3%

Others: Vitamins (mainly B)

Formic acid

Gluconic acid

Ash

Nitrogen

Carbohydrates In Honey

Fructose (%)

Glucose (%)Reducing Sugars (%)

Sucrose (%)

Fructose/Glucose Ratio

Average

38.38

31.2876.651.31

1.23

Range

30.91-44.26

22.89-40.7561.39-83.720.25-7.57

0.76-1.86

StandardDeviatio

n

1.770

3.0402.7600.870

0.126

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 15 of 35

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Roga Vagbhata Sushrutha BavaprakashaiÉiÉiÉiÉ××××SèSèSèSè

ÌWûkqÉÉÌWûkqÉÉÌWûkqÉÉÌWûkqÉÉ

MÑü¸MÑü¸MÑü¸MÑü¸

cNûÌSïcNûÌSïcNûÌSïcNûÌSï

µÉÉxɵÉÉxɵÉÉxɵÉÉxÉ

MüÉxÉMüÉxÉMüÉxÉMüÉxÉ

AÌiÉxÉÉUAÌiÉxÉÉUAÌiÉxÉÉUAÌiÉxÉÉU

AzÉïAzÉïAzÉïAzÉï

mÉëqÉåWû / qÉåSmÉëqÉåWû / qÉåSmÉëqÉåWû / qÉåSmÉëqÉåWû / qÉåS

ÌuÉQèaÉëWûÌuÉQèaÉëWûÌuÉQèaÉëWûÌuÉQèaÉëWû

¤ÉiɤÉrɤÉiɤÉrɤÉiɤÉrɤÉiɤÉrÉ

YsÉqÉYsÉqÉYsÉqÉYsÉqÉ

U£üÌmÉU£üÌmÉU£üÌmÉU£üÌmɨ̈̈̈ÉÉÉÉ

MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in Roga AvasthaRoga AvasthaRoga AvasthaRoga Avastha

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 16 of 35

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Madhu is one of the important dravya which is used in almost all the Ashtangas of Ayurveda

5. Shalya

6. Damstra

7. Jara

8. Vrusha

In Shodhana as well as

In Shamana

Madhu in Ashtanga AyurvedaMadhu in Ashtanga AyurvedaMadhu in Ashtanga AyurvedaMadhu in Ashtanga Ayurveda

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 17 of 35

In all these cases, Madhu is used as

1) Pradhana aushada 2) Aushada

3) Sahapana 4) Anupana 5) Pathya

1. Kaya

2. Bala

3. Graha

4. Urdhvanga

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Madhu in Shodhana and Shamana ChikitsaMadhu in Shodhana and Shamana ChikitsaMadhu in Shodhana and Shamana ChikitsaMadhu in Shodhana and Shamana Chikitsa

zÉÉåkÉlÉÇ zÉqÉlÉÇ cÉåÌiÉ xÉqÉÉxÉÉSÉæwÉkÉÇ Ì²kÉÉ |zÉÉåkÉlÉÇ zÉqÉlÉÇ cÉåÌiÉ xÉqÉÉxÉÉSÉæwÉkÉÇ Ì²kÉÉ |zÉÉåkÉlÉÇ zÉqÉlÉÇ cÉåÌiÉ xÉqÉÉxÉÉSÉæwÉkÉÇ Ì²kÉÉ |zÉÉåkÉlÉÇ zÉqÉlÉÇ cÉåÌiÉ xÉqÉÉxÉÉSÉæwÉkÉÇ Ì²kÉÉ |

zÉUÏUeÉÉlÉÉÇ SÉåwÉÉhÉÉÇ ¢üqÉåhÉ mÉUqÉÉæwÉkÉÇzÉUÏUeÉÉlÉÉÇ SÉåwÉÉhÉÉÇ ¢üqÉåhÉ mÉUqÉÉæwÉkÉÇzÉUÏUeÉÉlÉÉÇ SÉåwÉÉhÉÉÇ ¢üqÉåhÉ mÉUqÉÉæwÉkÉÇzÉUÏUeÉÉlÉÉÇ SÉåwÉÉhÉÉÇ ¢üqÉåhÉ mÉUqÉÉæwÉkÉÇ

oÉÎxiÉÌuÉïUåMüÉå uÉqÉlÉÇ iÉjÉÉ iÉæsÉÇ bÉoÉÎxiÉÌuÉïUåMüÉå uÉqÉlÉÇ iÉjÉÉ iÉæsÉÇ bÉoÉÎxiÉÌuÉïUåMüÉå uÉqÉlÉÇ iÉjÉÉ iÉæsÉÇ bÉoÉÎxiÉÌuÉïUåMüÉå uÉqÉlÉÇ iÉjÉÉ iÉæsÉÇ bÉ××××iÉÇ qÉkÉÑ || iÉÇ qÉkÉÑ || iÉÇ qÉkÉÑ || iÉÇ qÉkÉÑ || A.WØû.xÉÔ.AÉrÉÑwMüÉqÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇA.WØû.xÉÔ.AÉrÉÑwMüÉqÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇA.WØû.xÉÔ.AÉrÉÑwMüÉqÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇA.WØû.xÉÔ.AÉrÉÑwMüÉqÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇ

Madhu is the best among shamana dravyas for pacifying kapha.

Madhu is mentioned as one of the dravyas of

1. Vamanopayogi gana, 2. Shirovirechanopaga gana,

3. Niruhopayogi gana.

- A.S. Su 14. Sodanaadigana sangraha adhyaya

SÉåwÉSÉåwÉSÉåwÉSÉåwÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉzÉÉåkÉlÉzÉÉåkÉlÉzÉÉåkÉlÉ zÉqÉlÉzÉqÉlÉzÉqÉlÉzÉqÉlÉ

uÉÉiÉuÉÉiÉuÉÉiÉuÉÉiÉ oÉÎxiÉoÉÎxiÉoÉÎxiÉoÉÎxiÉ iÉæsÉiÉæsÉiÉæsÉiÉæsÉ

ÌmÉÌmÉÌmÉÌmɨ̈̈̈ÉÉÉÉ ÌuÉUåMüÌuÉUåMüÌuÉUåMüÌuÉUåMü bÉbÉbÉbÉ××××iÉiÉiÉiÉ

MüTüMüTüMüTüMüTü uÉqÉlÉuÉqÉlÉuÉqÉlÉuÉqÉlÉ qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 18 of 35

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MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in VamanamVamanamVamanamVamanam

Madhu is added mostly in all vamana yogas for kaphajavyadhis

Madhu is the mentioned first in uÉqÉlÉÉåmÉaÉ aÉhÉ uÉqÉlÉÉåmÉaÉ aÉhÉ uÉqÉlÉÉåmÉaÉ aÉhÉ uÉqÉlÉÉåmÉaÉ aÉhÉ

(cÉ.xÉÔ.4.wÉQèûÌuÉUåcÉlÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉ)(cÉ.xÉÔ.4.wÉQèûÌuÉUåcÉlÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉ)(cÉ.xÉÔ.4.wÉQèûÌuÉUåcÉlÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉ)(cÉ.xÉÔ.4.wÉQèûÌuÉUåcÉlÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉ)

Madhu is used as one of the main drug in vamana yoga in kushta cikitsa.

MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in VirechanamVirechanamVirechanamVirechanam

In U£üÌmÉU£üÌmÉU£üÌmÉU£üÌmɨ̈̈̈É ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ, É ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ, É ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ, É ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ, with liberal quantities of madhu and sarkara

1.1.1.1. ÌÌÌ̧§§§ÉuÉÉuÉÉuÉÉuÉ××××iÉç+ApÉrÉ 2.AÉUauÉkÉ TüsÉ 3.iÉç+ApÉrÉ 2.AÉUauÉkÉ TüsÉ 3.iÉç+ApÉrÉ 2.AÉUauÉkÉ TüsÉ 3.iÉç+ApÉrÉ 2.AÉUauÉkÉ TüsÉ 3.§§§§ÉÉrÉqÉÉhÉ 4. aÉuÉÉÍ¤É ÉÉrÉqÉÉhÉ 4. aÉuÉÉÍ¤É ÉÉrÉqÉÉhÉ 4. aÉuÉÉÍ¤É ÉÉrÉqÉÉhÉ 4. aÉuÉÉÍ¤É is given.

MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in VastiVastiVastiVasti

Madhu is one of the main drugs in ÌlÉÃWû uÉÎxiÉÌlÉÃWû uÉÎxiÉÌlÉÃWû uÉÎxiÉÌlÉÃWû uÉÎxiÉ....

qÉÉͤÉMÇü sÉuÉhÉÇ xlÉåWÇû MüsMÇü YuÉÉjÉÍqÉÌiÉ ¢üqÉÉiÉç |qÉÉͤÉMÇü sÉuÉhÉÇ xlÉåWÇû MüsMÇü YuÉÉjÉÍqÉÌiÉ ¢üqÉÉiÉç |qÉÉͤÉMÇü sÉuÉhÉÇ xlÉåWÇû MüsMÇü YuÉÉjÉÍqÉÌiÉ ¢üqÉÉiÉç |qÉÉͤÉMÇü sÉuÉhÉÇ xlÉåWÇû MüsMÇü YuÉÉjÉÍqÉÌiÉ ¢üqÉÉiÉç |

AÉuÉÉmÉåiÉ ÌlÉÃWûÉhÉÉqÉåwÉ xÉÇrÉÉåeÉlÉå ÌuÉÍkÉ: || A.WØû.xÉÔ.19.oÉÎxiÉÌuÉÍkÉqÉkrÉÉrÉqÉçAÉuÉÉmÉåiÉ ÌlÉÃWûÉhÉÉqÉåwÉ xÉÇrÉÉåeÉlÉå ÌuÉÍkÉ: || A.WØû.xÉÔ.19.oÉÎxiÉÌuÉÍkÉqÉkrÉÉrÉqÉçAÉuÉÉmÉåiÉ ÌlÉÃWûÉhÉÉqÉåwÉ xÉÇrÉÉåeÉlÉå ÌuÉÍkÉ: || A.WØû.xÉÔ.19.oÉÎxiÉÌuÉÍkÉqÉkrÉÉrÉqÉçAÉuÉÉmÉåiÉ ÌlÉÃWûÉhÉÉqÉåwÉ xÉÇrÉÉåeÉlÉå ÌuÉÍkÉ: || A.WØû.xÉÔ.19.oÉÎxiÉÌuÉÍkÉqÉkrÉÉrÉqÉç

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 19 of 35

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Importance Importance Importance Importance of of of of MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in mode of action of Vastimode of action of Vastimode of action of Vastimode of action of Vasti

Honey and salt represent glucose and electrolytes and they prevent dehydration . Salt has the property of stimulating ionic potential which may be the one of the causative factors for the mode of action of Vasti.

Madhutailika VastiMadhutailika VastiMadhutailika VastiMadhutailika Vasti

It is an important formulation used practically for Prameha, Krimi, Gulma, Antravridhi, Udavartam. It is also Brumhanam, Rasayanam, Deepanam and Cakshushyam.

MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in RaktamokshanaRaktamokshanaRaktamokshanaRaktamokshana ( Jalaukavacharana )( Jalaukavacharana )( Jalaukavacharana )( Jalaukavacharana )

After proper bloodletting with leech , Shatadouta Grutha is to be applied , the bitten parts should be rubbed with honey, cold water is sprinkled and only then, bandaging is done.

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 20 of 35

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Importance of qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ in mÉëqÉåWû ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ mÉëqÉåWû ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ mÉëqÉåWû ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ mÉëqÉåWû ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ (xÉÑ.ÍcÉ.11)(xÉÑ.ÍcÉ.11)(xÉÑ.ÍcÉ.11)(xÉÑ.ÍcÉ.11)

WûËUSìÉ+qÉkÉÑ WûËUSìÉ+qÉkÉÑ WûËUSìÉ+qÉkÉÑ WûËUSìÉ+qÉkÉÑ taken with AÉqÉsÉMü xuÉUxÉAÉqÉsÉMü xuÉUxÉAÉqÉsÉMü xuÉUxÉAÉqÉsÉMü xuÉUxÉ

AqÉsÉMü xuÉUxÉ + qÉkÉÑ, aÉÑQÕûÍcÉ xuÉUxÉ + qÉkÉÑAqÉsÉMü xuÉUxÉ + qÉkÉÑ, aÉÑQÕûÍcÉ xuÉUxÉ + qÉkÉÑAqÉsÉMü xuÉUxÉ + qÉkÉÑ, aÉÑQÕûÍcÉ xuÉUxÉ + qÉkÉÑAqÉsÉMü xuÉUxÉ + qÉkÉÑ, aÉÑQÕûÍcÉ xuÉUxÉ + qÉkÉÑ

ArÉxMArÉxMArÉxMArÉxM××××üÌiÉ + bÉüÌiÉ + bÉüÌiÉ + bÉüÌiÉ + bÉ××××iÉ + qÉkÉÑ iÉ + qÉkÉÑ iÉ + qÉkÉÑ iÉ + qÉkÉÑ –––– apart from curing mÉëqÉåWû, mÉëqÉåWû, mÉëqÉåWû, mÉëqÉåWû, gives 100 years

life

qÉkuÉÉxÉuÉxiÉϤhÉÉå qÉåWûmÉÏlÉxÉMüÉxÉÎeÉiÉç |qÉkuÉÉxÉuÉxiÉϤhÉÉå qÉåWûmÉÏlÉxÉMüÉxÉÎeÉiÉç |qÉkuÉÉxÉuÉxiÉϤhÉÉå qÉåWûmÉÏlÉxÉMüÉxÉÎeÉiÉç |qÉkuÉÉxÉuÉxiÉϤhÉÉå qÉåWûmÉÏlÉxÉMüÉxÉÎeÉiÉç |

All the separate rÉÉåaÉrÉÉåaÉrÉÉåaÉrÉÉåaÉs for the 20 mÉëqÉåWûmÉëqÉåWûmÉëqÉåWûmÉëqÉåWû are given along with qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ .

Diet for mÉëqÉåWû mÉëqÉåWû mÉëqÉåWû mÉëqÉåWû –––– Plenty of qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ should be given.

qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ in UÉeÉrɤqÉUÉeÉrɤqÉUÉeÉrɤqÉUÉeÉrɤqÉ –––– MüuÉsÉaÉëWû MüuÉsÉaÉëWû MüuÉsÉaÉëWû MüuÉsÉaÉëWû with qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ is advised....

qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ in ÍcÉUMüÉUÏ AmÉxqÉÉUÍcÉUMüÉUÏ AmÉxqÉÉUÍcÉUMüÉUÏ AmÉxqÉÉUÍcÉUMüÉUÏ AmÉxqÉÉU –––– oÉëɼÏUxÉ/MÑü¸UxÉ/uÉcÉÉ cÉÔhÉï + qÉkÉÑoÉëɼÏUxÉ/MÑü¸UxÉ/uÉcÉÉ cÉÔhÉï + qÉkÉÑoÉëɼÏUxÉ/MÑü¸UxÉ/uÉcÉÉ cÉÔhÉï + qÉkÉÑoÉëɼÏUxÉ/MÑü¸UxÉ/uÉcÉÉ cÉÔhÉï + qÉkÉÑ

qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ in FÃxiÉqpÉFÃxiÉqpÉFÃxiÉqpÉFÃxiÉqpÉ –––– MÑü¸ÉMÑü¸ÉMÑü¸ÉMÑü¸É±±±± iÉæsÉ+qÉkÉÑ iÉæsÉ+qÉkÉÑ iÉæsÉ+qÉkÉÑ iÉæsÉ+qÉkÉÑ is indicated

xÉuÉï qÉåWû lÉÉzÉlÉ xÉuÉï qÉåWû lÉÉzÉlÉ xÉuÉï qÉåWû lÉÉzÉlÉ xÉuÉï qÉåWû lÉÉzÉlÉ

rÉÉåaÉrÉÉåaÉrÉÉåaÉrÉÉåaÉ

Madhu in Ashtanga Ayurveda Madhu in Ashtanga Ayurveda Madhu in Ashtanga Ayurveda Madhu in Ashtanga Ayurveda

1. 1. 1. 1. MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in KayacikitsaKayacikitsaKayacikitsaKayacikitsa

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 21 of 35

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honey is a wonderful natural sweetener with an average glycemic index

of 55, which puts it in the low glycemic range. But that average masks a

wide range of different types of honey, all the way from 32 for Romanian

locust honey to 87 for an unspecified variety of honey tested in Canada.

Vitamins: Some vitamins are highly needed by diabetes patients and are

recommended by physicians to all diabetes patients, they are vitamin

B1,B6, B12 ,C ,E and Biotin. Honey is a good source of most of these

vitamins, at least to supply a part of the RDA in natural form.

Trace elements: Chromium is a critical nutrient in diabetes. It is

presented as a supplement for people with, diabetes, pre-diabetic

glucose intolerance and women with diabetes associated with

pregnancy.

* Manganese is present in diabetics in 1/2 its amount that is present in

normal individuals. Magnesium is significantly lowered in diabetes

patients.

* Vanadium given to diabetics proved to decrease their Insulin needs.

* Zinc deficiency has been suggested to play a role in the development

of diabetes in humans. It is involved in virtually all aspects of Insulin

metabolism, synthesis, secretion and utilization.

* Potassium supplementation yields improved Insulin sensitivity.

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Apitherapy Apitherapy Apitherapy Apitherapy

Honey may lower plasma insulin levels, C-reactive protein, and homocysteine inhealthy and diabetic subjects, Al-Waili N S. Natural honey lowers plasma glucose,

C-reactive protein, and blood lipids in healthy, diabetic, and hyperlipidaemic

comparison with dextrose and sucrose. Journal of Medicinal Food. 2004;7;100-107

Effect of ingesting honey on symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitisRajan TV, Tennen H, Lindquist RL, Cohen L, Clive J. Effect of honey on symptoms of

rhinoconjunctivitis. Annals of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology. 2002;88:198

Topical application of honey is an effective treatment in radiation-inducedmucositis, Biswal BM, Zakaria A, Ahmad NM. Topical application of honey in the

management of radiation mucositis. A preliminary study. Support Care Cancer.

2003;11:242-248.Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 22 of 35

Honey has been used as an alternative treatment forclinical conditions ranging from G.I problems toophthalmologic disorders. More recently, honey has beenexamined for its potential to treat chronic conditionsincluding risk factors for heart disease and seasonalallergies. Research into these areas is preliminary butpotentially promising.

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2. 2. 2. 2. MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in Koumara BrityaKoumara BrityaKoumara BrityaKoumara Britya

mÉëÉzrÉqÉçmÉëÉzrÉqÉçmÉëÉzrÉqÉçmÉëÉzrÉqÉç (A.WØû.E.oÉÉsÉÉåmÉcÉUlÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇ)(A.WØû.E.oÉÉsÉÉåmÉcÉUlÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇ)(A.WØû.E.oÉÉsÉÉåmÉcÉUlÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇ)(A.WØû.E.oÉÉsÉÉåmÉcÉUlÉÏrÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇ)

WûUåhÉÑqÉÉWûUåhÉÑqÉÉWûUåhÉÑqÉÉWûUåhÉÑqÉɧ§§§ÉÇ qÉåkÉÉrÉÑoÉïsÉÉjÉïqÉÍpÉqÉÎlÉÇ qÉåkÉÉrÉÑoÉïsÉÉjÉïqÉÍpÉqÉÎlÉÇ qÉåkÉÉrÉÑoÉïsÉÉjÉïqÉÍpÉqÉÎlÉÇ qÉåkÉÉrÉÑoÉïsÉÉjÉïqÉÍpÉqÉÎl§§§§ÉiÉqÉç | LåÎlSìoÉëÉͼ ÉiÉqÉç | LåÎlSìoÉëÉͼ ÉiÉqÉç | LåÎlSìoÉëÉͼ ÉiÉqÉç | LåÎlSìoÉëÉͼ

uÉcÉÉzÉ„¡ûmÉÑwmÉÏMüsMÇü bÉuÉcÉÉzÉ„¡ûmÉÑwmÉÏMüsMÇü bÉuÉcÉÉzÉ„¡ûmÉÑwmÉÏMüsMÇü bÉuÉcÉÉzÉ„¡ûmÉÑwmÉÏMüsMÇü bÉ××××iÉÇ qÉkÉÑ ||iÉÇ qÉkÉÑ ||iÉÇ qÉkÉÑ ||iÉÇ qÉkÉÑ ||

cÉÉqÉÏMüUuÉcÉÉoÉëÉ¼Ï iÉÉmrÉmÉjrÉÉUeÉÏMcÉÉqÉÏMüUuÉcÉÉoÉëÉ¼Ï iÉÉmrÉmÉjrÉÉUeÉÏMcÉÉqÉÏMüUuÉcÉÉoÉëÉ¼Ï iÉÉmrÉmÉjrÉÉUeÉÏMcÉÉqÉÏMüUuÉcÉÉoÉëÉ¼Ï iÉÉmrÉmÉjrÉÉUeÉÏM××××üiÉÉ: | ÍsɽÉlqÉkÉÑbÉüiÉÉ: | ÍsɽÉlqÉkÉÑbÉüiÉÉ: | ÍsɽÉlqÉkÉÑbÉüiÉÉ: | ÍsɽÉlqÉkÉÑbÉ××××iÉÉåmÉåiÉÉ iÉÉåmÉåiÉÉ iÉÉåmÉåiÉÉ iÉÉåmÉåiÉÉ

WåûqÉkÉÉWåûqÉkÉÉWåûqÉkÉÉWåûqÉkÉɧ§§§ÉÏUeÉÉåÅjÉuÉÉ ||ÉÏUeÉÉåÅjÉuÉÉ ||ÉÏUeÉÉåÅjÉuÉÉ ||ÉÏUeÉÉåÅjÉuÉÉ ||

qÉåkÉÉrÉÑoÉsÉÉjÉïÇ qÉåkÉÉrÉÑoÉsÉÉjÉïÇ qÉåkÉÉrÉÑoÉsÉÉjÉïÇ qÉåkÉÉrÉÑoÉsÉÉjÉïÇ the very first prepn given to the new born consists of

honey.

Sushrutha advises qÉkÉÑ+bÉqÉkÉÑ+bÉqÉkÉÑ+bÉqÉkÉÑ+bÉ××××iÉ+WåûqÉcÉÑhÉï iÉ+WåûqÉcÉÑhÉï iÉ+WåûqÉcÉÑhÉï iÉ+WåûqÉcÉÑhÉï for uÉmÉÑ:qÉåkÉÉoÉsÉ uÉmÉÑ:qÉåkÉÉoÉsÉ uÉmÉÑ:qÉåkÉÉoÉsÉ uÉmÉÑ:qÉåkÉÉoÉsÉ

oÉÑήÌuÉuÉkÉïlÉqÉçoÉÑήÌuÉuÉkÉïlÉqÉçoÉÑήÌuÉuÉkÉïlÉqÉçoÉÑήÌuÉuÉkÉïlÉqÉç

(xÉÑ.zÉÉ.10 aÉÍpÉïhÉÏ (xÉÑ.zÉÉ.10 aÉÍpÉïhÉÏ (xÉÑ.zÉÉ.10 aÉÍpÉïhÉÏ (xÉÑ.zÉÉ.10 aÉÍpÉïhÉÏ

urÉÉMüUhÉzÉUÏUqÉkrÉÉrÉqÉçurÉÉMüUhÉzÉUÏUqÉkrÉÉrÉqÉçurÉÉMüUhÉzÉUÏUqÉkrÉÉrÉqÉçurÉÉMüUhÉzÉUÏUqÉkrÉÉrÉqÉç)

ÌmÉërÉÉsÉqÉ‹ qÉkÉÑMü qÉkÉÑ sÉÉeÉ ÍxÉiÉÉåmÉsÉæ: |ÌmÉërÉÉsÉqÉ‹ qÉkÉÑMü qÉkÉÑ sÉÉeÉ ÍxÉiÉÉåmÉsÉæ: |ÌmÉërÉÉsÉqÉ‹ qÉkÉÑMü qÉkÉÑ sÉÉeÉ ÍxÉiÉÉåmÉsÉæ: |ÌmÉërÉÉsÉqÉ‹ qÉkÉÑMü qÉkÉÑ sÉÉeÉ ÍxÉiÉÉåmÉsÉæ: |

AmÉxiÉlÉxrÉ xÉqrÉÉåerÉ: mÉëÏhÉlÉÉå qÉÉåSMü: ÍzÉzÉÉå: ||AmÉxiÉlÉxrÉ xÉqrÉÉåerÉ: mÉëÏhÉlÉÉå qÉÉåSMü: ÍzÉzÉÉå: ||AmÉxiÉlÉxrÉ xÉqrÉÉåerÉ: mÉëÏhÉlÉÉå qÉÉåSMü: ÍzÉzÉÉå: ||AmÉxiÉlÉxrÉ xÉqrÉÉåerÉ: mÉëÏhÉlÉÉå qÉÉåSMü: ÍzÉzÉÉå: ||

This preparation, the Modaka made with honey gives utmost pleasure,Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 23 of 35

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3. 3. 3. 3. MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in BhutavidhyaBhutavidhyaBhutavidhyaBhutavidhya

oÉÍsÉSÉlÉ oÉÍsÉSÉlÉ oÉÍsÉSÉlÉ oÉÍsÉSÉlÉ –––– qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ is mainly used

In zÉMÑüÌlÉ aÉëWû ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ zÉMÑüÌlÉ aÉëWû ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ zÉMÑüÌlÉ aÉëWû ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ zÉMÑüÌlÉ aÉëWû ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ –––– uÉcÉÉ uÉcÉÉ uÉcÉÉ uÉcÉÉ etc + qÉkÉÑ mÉëÌiÉxÉÉUhÉ + qÉkÉÑ mÉëÌiÉxÉÉUhÉ + qÉkÉÑ mÉëÌiÉxÉÉUhÉ + qÉkÉÑ mÉëÌiÉxÉÉUhÉ is done.

4. 4. 4. 4. MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in Shalakya tantraShalakya tantraShalakya tantraShalakya tantra

ÌÌÌ̧§§§ÉTüsÉÉÇ qÉkÉÑxÉÌmÉïprÉÉÇ ÌlÉÍzÉ lÉåÉTüsÉÉÇ qÉkÉÑxÉÌmÉïprÉÉÇ ÌlÉÍzÉ lÉåÉTüsÉÉÇ qÉkÉÑxÉÌmÉïprÉÉÇ ÌlÉÍzÉ lÉåÉTüsÉÉÇ qÉkÉÑxÉÌmÉïprÉÉÇ ÌlÉÍzÉ lÉ姧§§ÉoÉsÉÉrÉ cÉ | ÉoÉsÉÉrÉ cÉ | ÉoÉsÉÉrÉ cÉ | ÉoÉsÉÉrÉ cÉ | ---- A.xÉ.xÉÔ.10 A.xÉ.xÉÔ.10 A.xÉ.xÉÔ.10 A.xÉ.xÉÔ.10

A³ÉmÉÉlÉÌuÉÍkÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇA³ÉmÉÉlÉÌuÉÍkÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇA³ÉmÉÉlÉÌuÉÍkÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇA³ÉmÉÉlÉÌuÉÍkÉqÉkrÉÉrÉÇ

For MühÉïzÉÔsÉ MühÉïzÉÔsÉ MühÉïzÉÔsÉ MühÉïzÉÔsÉ –––– qÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉkÉÏ qÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉkÉÏ qÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉkÉÏ qÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉkÉÏ –––– instilled into the ears.

In mÉÉåjÉMüÐ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ (uÉiqÉï UÉåaÉ mÉëÌiÉzÉåSqÉkrÉÉrÉÇ A.xÉ.E.12)mÉÉåjÉMüÐ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ (uÉiqÉï UÉåaÉ mÉëÌiÉzÉåSqÉkrÉÉrÉÇ A.xÉ.E.12)mÉÉåjÉMüÐ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ (uÉiqÉï UÉåaÉ mÉëÌiÉzÉåSqÉkrÉÉrÉÇ A.xÉ.E.12)mÉÉåjÉMüÐ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ (uÉiqÉï UÉåaÉ mÉëÌiÉzÉåSqÉkrÉÉrÉÇ A.xÉ.E.12)

Generally after sÉåZÉlÉ, AɶrÉÉåiÉlÉ sÉåZÉlÉ, AɶrÉÉåiÉlÉ sÉåZÉlÉ, AɶrÉÉåiÉlÉ sÉåZÉlÉ, AɶrÉÉåiÉlÉ with qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ and ÌÌÌ̧§§§ÉTüsÉÉ ÉTüsÉÉ ÉTüsÉÉ ÉTüsÉÉ is given.

Madhu is considered as best cakshushya dravya.

Honey is reportedly used by ophthalmologists for treating corneal ulcers in India and Russia where it has been used for chemical and thermal burns to the eye, conjunctivitis, and infections of the cornea. Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 24 of 35

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HoneyHoneyHoneyHoney andandandandOralOralOralOralHealthHealthHealthHealth

Honey is known to possess a variety of antioxidants and antibacterial substancesthat have been shown to inhibit growth of a wide range of bacteria and fungi.The antimicrobial properties of honey may render it beneficial in the treatmentof various oral ailments including periodontal disease and mouth ulcers.

Select honeys demonstrate antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens.Engeseth NH, Gheldof N, Wang X, Nickelsen JD, Husmillo G, Wu CD. Antioxidant

and Antimicrobial Activity of Honeys Against Oral Pathogens Journal of Dental

Research. 2002;80:349. abstract- Paper presented at the International Association for

Dental Research

Honey may aid in the treatment of gingivitis.English HK, Pack AR, Molan PC. The effects of manuka honey on plaque and

gingivitis: a pilot study. Journal of the International Academy of Periodontology. 2004

Apr;6(2):63-7.

The potential of honey to promote oral wellness.Molan PC The potential of honey to promote oral wellness. General Dentistry. 2001

Nov-2001 Dec 31; 49 (6):584-9

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 25 of 35

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5. 5. 5. 5. MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in Shalya TantraShalya TantraShalya TantraShalya Tantra

qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ has ́́́́ Éå¸ uÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉ uÉëhÉ UÉåmÉhÉ Éå¸ uÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉ uÉëhÉ UÉåmÉhÉ Éå¸ uÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉ uÉëhÉ UÉåmÉhÉ Éå¸ uÉëhÉ zÉÉåkÉlÉ uÉëhÉ UÉåmÉhÉ property.

qÉkÉÑxÉÌmÉï qÉkÉÑxÉÌmÉï qÉkÉÑxÉÌmÉï qÉkÉÑxÉÌmÉï application is mentioned as one

of the wÉ̸ÂmÉ¢üqÉÉ. wÉ̸ÂmÉ¢üqÉÉ. wÉ̸ÂmÉ¢üqÉÉ. wÉ̸ÂmÉ¢üqÉÉ.

¤ÉiÉÉåwqÉhÉÉå ÌlÉaÉëWûÉjÉïÇ xÉÇkÉÉlÉÉjÉïÇ iÉjÉæuÉ cÉ |xɤÉiÉÉåwqÉhÉÉå ÌlÉaÉëWûÉjÉïÇ xÉÇkÉÉlÉÉjÉïÇ iÉjÉæuÉ cÉ |xɤÉiÉÉåwqÉhÉÉå ÌlÉaÉëWûÉjÉïÇ xÉÇkÉÉlÉÉjÉïÇ iÉjÉæuÉ cÉ |xɤÉiÉÉåwqÉhÉÉå ÌlÉaÉëWûÉjÉïÇ xÉÇkÉÉlÉÉjÉïÇ iÉjÉæuÉ cÉ |xɱ±±±ÉåuÉëhÉåwuÉÉrÉiÉåwÉÑ ÉåuÉëhÉåwuÉÉrÉiÉåwÉÑ ÉåuÉëhÉåwuÉÉrÉiÉåwÉÑ ÉåuÉëhÉåwuÉÉrÉiÉåwÉÑ

¤ÉÉæSìxÉÌmÉïÌuÉïkÉÏrÉiÉå ||¤ÉÉæSìxÉÌmÉïÌuÉïkÉÏrÉiÉå ||¤ÉÉæSìxÉÌmÉïÌuÉïkÉÏrÉiÉå ||¤ÉÉæSìxÉÌmÉïÌuÉïkÉÏrÉiÉå ||

Application of honey and ghee is indicated in extensive accidental

wounds in order to control heat of the abrasion and to promote

union.

In AzÉïxÉç AzÉïxÉç AzÉïxÉç AzÉïxÉç , , , , only two yogas have been mentioned for all types of

arshas and both of them contain madhu as chief ingredient

1. aÉÉåqÉÔ1. aÉÉåqÉÔ1. aÉÉåqÉÔ1. aÉÉåqÉÔ§§§§É ÍxÉ® WûËUiÉMüÐ + aÉÑQû + qÉkÉÑÉ ÍxÉ® WûËUiÉMüÐ + aÉÑQû + qÉkÉÑÉ ÍxÉ® WûËUiÉMüÐ + aÉÑQû + qÉkÉÑÉ ÍxÉ® WûËUiÉMüÐ + aÉÑQû + qÉkÉÑ

2. AmÉÉqÉÉaÉï qÉÔsÉ cÉÔhÉï + iÉhQÒûsÉÉåSMü + qÉkÉÑ2. AmÉÉqÉÉaÉï qÉÔsÉ cÉÔhÉï + iÉhQÒûsÉÉåSMü + qÉkÉÑ2. AmÉÉqÉÉaÉï qÉÔsÉ cÉÔhÉï + iÉhQÒûsÉÉåSMü + qÉkÉÑ2. AmÉÉqÉÉaÉï qÉÔsÉ cÉÔhÉï + iÉhQÒûsÉÉåSMü + qÉkÉÑMadhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 26 of 35

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qÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑqÉkÉÑ in pÉaÉlSU ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉpÉaÉlSU ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉpÉaÉlSU ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉpÉaÉlSU ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ xÉÑ.ÍcÉ.8.xÉÑ.ÍcÉ.8.xÉÑ.ÍcÉ.8.xÉÑ.ÍcÉ.8.

AÉUauÉkÉÌlÉzÉÉMüÉsÉÉcÉÔhÉï qÉkÉÑbÉAÉUauÉkÉÌlÉzÉÉMüÉsÉÉcÉÔhÉï qÉkÉÑbÉAÉUauÉkÉÌlÉzÉÉMüÉsÉÉcÉÔhÉï qÉkÉÑbÉAÉUauÉkÉÌlÉzÉÉMüÉsÉÉcÉÔhÉï qÉkÉÑbÉ××××iÉÉmsÉÑiÉqÉç |iÉÉmsÉÑiÉqÉç |iÉÉmsÉÑiÉqÉç |iÉÉmsÉÑiÉqÉç |

AaÉëuÉÌiÉïmÉëÍhÉÌWûiÉ uÉëhÉÉlÉÉÇ zÉÉåkÉlÉÇ ÌWûiÉqÉç |AaÉëuÉÌiÉïmÉëÍhÉÌWûiÉ uÉëhÉÉlÉÉÇ zÉÉåkÉlÉÇ ÌWûiÉqÉç |AaÉëuÉÌiÉïmÉëÍhÉÌWûiÉ uÉëhÉÉlÉÉÇ zÉÉåkÉlÉÇ ÌWûiÉqÉç |AaÉëuÉÌiÉïmÉëÍhÉÌWûiÉ uÉëhÉÉlÉÉÇ zÉÉåkÉlÉÇ ÌWûiÉqÉç |

rÉÉåaÉÉåÅrÉÇ lÉÉzÉrÉirÉÉzÉÑ aÉÌiÉÇ qÉåbÉÍqÉuÉÉÌlÉsÉ: ||rÉÉåaÉÉåÅrÉÇ lÉÉzÉrÉirÉÉzÉÑ aÉÌiÉÇ qÉåbÉÍqÉuÉÉÌlÉsÉ: ||rÉÉåaÉÉåÅrÉÇ lÉÉzÉrÉirÉÉzÉÑ aÉÌiÉÇ qÉåbÉÍqÉuÉÉÌlÉsÉ: ||rÉÉåaÉÉåÅrÉÇ lÉÉzÉrÉirÉÉzÉÑ aÉÌiÉÇ qÉåbÉÍqÉuÉÉÌlÉsÉ: ||

Plenty of honey and ghee with AÉUauÉkÉAÉUauÉkÉAÉUauÉkÉAÉUauÉkÉ, ÌlÉzÉÉÌlÉzÉÉÌlÉzÉÉÌlÉzÉÉ, MüÉsÉÉMüÉsÉÉMüÉsÉÉMüÉsÉÉ churna placed in

wick

and applied to fistulous wound destroys the tract immediately as wind

removes the cloud.

In AzqÉUÏAzqÉUÏAzqÉUÏAzqÉUÏ, a best yoga which breaks all types of calculus within a week

is mentioned which has qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ qÉkÉÑ as one of the main ingredient.

qÉkÉÑ + aÉÉå¤ÉÔU pÉÏeÉ cÉÔhÉï qÉkÉÑ + aÉÉå¤ÉÔU pÉÏeÉ cÉÔhÉï qÉkÉÑ + aÉÉå¤ÉÔU pÉÏeÉ cÉÔhÉï qÉkÉÑ + aÉÉå¤ÉÔU pÉÏeÉ cÉÔhÉï given with AÌuɤÉÏU AÌuɤÉÏU AÌuɤÉÏU AÌuɤÉÏU

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 27 of 35

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RecentRecentRecentRecentandandandandRelatedRelatedRelatedRelatedResearchesResearchesResearchesResearches

Honey in the Treatment of Wounds and Burns.

Molan PC. Potential of honey in the treatment of wounds and burns. American

Journal of Clinical Dermatology. 2001;2(1):13-19

Honey’s antibacterial effects are not exclusively due to Osmolarity.Cooper RA, Molan PC, Harding KG. "The sensitivity to honey of Gram-positive

cocci of clinical significance isolated fromwounds". Journal of Applied

Microbiology. 2002;93:857-863.

Honey’s ability to stimulate inflammatory cytokine production from

monocytes may help explain it’s wound healing capacity.

Tonks, A. J; Cooper, R. A; Jones, K. P; Blair, S.; Parton, J., and Tonks,

A. "Honey stimulates inflammatory cytokine production from monocytes.“

Cytokine. 2003 Mar.

Honey contains a number of substances that contribute to its antimicrobial

activity. .Wahdan, Hal. Causes of the antimicrobial activity of honey. Infection. 1998;26:30

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 28 of 35

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6. 6. 6. 6. MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhu in in in in Agada TantraAgada TantraAgada TantraAgada Tantra

In iÉiÉiÉiÉ××××iÉÏrÉiÉÏrÉiÉÏrÉiÉÏrÉ and mÉgcÉqÉ ÌuÉwÉuÉåaÉÉuÉxjÉÉmÉgcÉqÉ ÌuÉwÉuÉåaÉÉuÉxjÉÉmÉgcÉqÉ ÌuÉwÉuÉåaÉÉuÉxjÉÉmÉgcÉqÉ ÌuÉwÉuÉåaÉÉuÉxjÉÉ, qÉkÉÑ , qÉkÉÑ , qÉkÉÑ , qÉkÉÑ is indicated

ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ SliÉMüɸxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ SliÉMüɸxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ SliÉMüɸxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ SliÉMüɸxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ –––– qÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉkÉ mÉëÌiÉxÉÉUhÉÇqÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉkÉ mÉëÌiÉxÉÉUhÉÇqÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉkÉ mÉëÌiÉxÉÉUhÉÇqÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉkÉ mÉëÌiÉxÉÉUhÉÇ

ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ AgeÉlÉxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ AgeÉlÉxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ AgeÉlÉxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ AgeÉlÉxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ –––– xÉëÉåiÉÉåÅgeÉlÉ + qÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉÍkÉ AgeÉlÉxÉëÉåiÉÉåÅgeÉlÉ + qÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉÍkÉ AgeÉlÉxÉëÉåiÉÉåÅgeÉlÉ + qÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉÍkÉ AgeÉlÉxÉëÉåiÉÉåÅgeÉlÉ + qÉkÉÑ + AÉæwÉÍkÉ AgeÉlÉ

ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ MülÉïiÉæsÉxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ MülÉïiÉæsÉxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ MülÉïiÉæsÉxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ ÌuÉwÉeÉѸ MülÉïiÉæsÉxrÉ ÍcÉÌMüixÉÉ –––– qÉkÉÑ + oÉqÉkÉÑ + oÉqÉkÉÑ + oÉqÉkÉÑ + oÉ××××WûÌiÉ + xÉÌmÉï mÉëÌiÉmÉÔUhÉ / WûÌiÉ + xÉÌmÉï mÉëÌiÉmÉÔUhÉ / WûÌiÉ + xÉÌmÉï mÉëÌiÉmÉÔUhÉ / WûÌiÉ + xÉÌmÉï mÉëÌiÉmÉÔUhÉ /

mÉÉlÉmÉÉlÉmÉÉlÉmÉÉlÉ

All formulations including qÉWûÉaÉS, iÉɤrÉÉïaÉS, AeÉÏiÉÉaÉS, xÉÇeÉÏuÉlÉÅaÉS qÉWûÉaÉS, iÉɤrÉÉïaÉS, AeÉÏiÉÉaÉS, xÉÇeÉÏuÉlÉÅaÉS qÉWûÉaÉS, iÉɤrÉÉïaÉS, AeÉÏiÉÉaÉS, xÉÇeÉÏuÉlÉÅaÉS qÉWûÉaÉS, iÉɤrÉÉïaÉS, AeÉÏiÉÉaÉS, xÉÇeÉÏuÉlÉÅaÉS

contain honey.

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 29 of 35

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7. 7. 7. 7. MadhuMadhuMadhuMadhuAs As As As RasayanaRasayanaRasayanaRasayana

All Rasayana Yogas are given with Madhu.

pÉssÉiÉMü ¤ÉÉæSìÇ pÉssÉiÉMü ¤ÉÉæSìÇ pÉssÉiÉMü ¤ÉÉæSìÇ pÉssÉiÉMü ¤ÉÉæSìÇ ---- 100 years of life with utmost health.

Haematinic and Immunomodulatory effects of honey on immunocompetent,

immunodeficient and splenectomised experimental rodents . Biswas, A. K.,

Gomes, A ., Dasgupta, S. C. , Lab of Toxicology and Exp. Pharmacodynamics,

Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India.

Myrtaceous honey and the use thereof as Immunomodulator. Vincent, Andrew;

Mnl pharma ltd, Mumbai

HoneyHoneyHoneyHoney as as as as AntioxidantAntioxidantAntioxidantAntioxidant

Antioxidants are substances that can retard or inhibit oxidation and/orneutralize the effects of damaging “free radicals”. In humans, oxidative stress isimplicated in an ever-growing number of chronic diseases includingcardiovascular disease and cancer. Thus, increasing the body’s antioxidantcontent may help protect against cellular damage and the development ofchronic diseases. Research indicates that honey contains numerous phenolicand non-phenolic antioxidants which largely depend upon the floral sources.

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Effect of processing and storage on antioxidant capacity of honey,Journal of Food Science, 2004;69(2):96-101

Chronic honey consumption increases plasma antioxidant concentration.Gross H. Effect of honey consumption on plasma antioxidant status in human

subjects. Abstract presented at the American Chemical Society, March 29, 2004

Buckwheat Honey Increases Serum Antioxidant Capacity in Humans,Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2003, Vol. 51 pp. 1500-1505.

Honeys with high phenolic contents can increase serum antioxidant capacityin healthy human subjects. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

2003;51(6):1732-1735.

Identification and quantification of antioxidant components of honeys fromvarious floral sources, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2002, Vol. 50,No. 21, pp.5870-5877.

Antioxidant capacity of honeys from various floral sources and inhibition ofin vitro lipoprotein oxidation in human serum samples, Journal of Agriculturaland Food Chemistry. 2002;8;50(10):3050-5.

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 31 of 35

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8. 8. 8. 8. Madhu Madhu Madhu Madhu in in in in VajikaranaVajikaranaVajikaranaVajikarana

xTüÌOûMüÉpÉÇ SìuÉÇ ÎxlÉakÉÇ qÉkÉÑUÇ qÉkÉÑaÉÎlkÉ cÉ | zÉÑ¢üÍqÉcNûÎliÉ MåüÍcÉxTüÌOûMüÉpÉÇ SìuÉÇ ÎxlÉakÉÇ qÉkÉÑUÇ qÉkÉÑaÉÎlkÉ cÉ | zÉÑ¢üÍqÉcNûÎliÉ MåüÍcÉxTüÌOûMüÉpÉÇ SìuÉÇ ÎxlÉakÉÇ qÉkÉÑUÇ qÉkÉÑaÉÎlkÉ cÉ | zÉÑ¢üÍqÉcNûÎliÉ MåüÍcÉxTüÌOûMüÉpÉÇ SìuÉÇ ÎxlÉakÉÇ qÉkÉÑUÇ qÉkÉÑaÉÎlkÉ cÉ | zÉÑ¢üÍqÉcNûÎliÉ MåüÍcɨ̈̈̈ÉÑ iÉæsÉ ¤ÉÉæSì ÉÑ iÉæsÉ ¤ÉÉæSì ÉÑ iÉæsÉ ¤ÉÉæSì ÉÑ iÉæsÉ ¤ÉÉæSì

ÌlÉpÉÇ iÉSÉ ||Ì lÉpÉÇ iÉSÉ ||Ì lÉpÉÇ iÉSÉ ||Ì lÉpÉÇ iÉSÉ ||

Shukra has the smell and consistency of madhu. Drava guna and madhura rasa are common to both. Madhu also contains the pollens which are equated with the bheeja ( shukra ) dhatu. By the concept of samanairvruddhi , honey might act as aphrodisiac.

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 32 of 35

Honey is frequently a symbol or talisman for sweetness of every kind including its being considered as an aphrodisiac. The most interesting research on honey is related to NITRIC OXIDE - a key hormone involved in opening blood vessels and creating erections and clitoral engorgement. A good dose of honey (around 3 ounces) can increase nitric oxide / nitrite levels in the blood by 50% . The increase in nitric oxide activity was also measured in the saliva and urine, which suggests a real, whole-body effect.

The word 'HONEYMOON' comes from an old Viking tradition, where newlyweds were given a month to get to know each other. During that month (moon), they were encouraged to drink lots of mead, which is a wine made from honey. Vikings considered mead both an aphrodisiac and fertility enhancer.

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MadhuchishtaMadhuchishtaMadhuchishtaMadhuchishta

pÉÔiÉblÉ pÉÔiÉblÉ pÉÔiÉblÉ pÉÔiÉblÉ –––– wards of evil spirits

uÉëhÉ UÉåmÉhÉuÉëhÉ UÉåmÉhÉuÉëhÉ UÉåmÉhÉuÉëhÉ UÉåmÉhÉ ---- heals wounds

ÌmÉhQû iÉæsÉÇ ÌmÉhQû iÉæsÉÇ ÌmÉhQû iÉæsÉÇ ÌmÉhQû iÉæsÉÇ ---- xÉqÉkÉÔcd¹qÉÉÎgeɸ xÉxÉeÉïUxÉxÉÉËUuÉqÉç xÉqÉkÉÔcd¹qÉÉÎgeɸ xÉxÉeÉïUxÉxÉÉËUuÉqÉç xÉqÉkÉÔcd¹qÉÉÎgeɸ xÉxÉeÉïUxÉxÉÉËUuÉqÉç xÉqÉkÉÔcd¹qÉÉÎgeɸ xÉxÉeÉïUxÉxÉÉËUuÉqÉç

ÌmÉhQûiÉæsÉÇ iÉSprÉ…¡ûɲÉiÉU£üÂeÉÉmÉWûqÉç ||ÌmÉhQûiÉæsÉÇ iÉSprÉ…¡ûɲÉiÉU£üÂeÉÉmÉWûqÉç ||ÌmÉhQûiÉæsÉÇ iÉSprÉ…¡ûɲÉiÉU£üÂeÉÉmÉWûqÉç ||ÌmÉhQûiÉæsÉÇ iÉSprÉ…¡ûɲÉiÉU£üÂeÉÉmÉWûqÉç ||

In ¤ÉiɤÉÏhÉ ¤ÉiɤÉÏhÉ ¤ÉiɤÉÏhÉ ¤ÉiɤÉÏhÉ if SÏmiÉÉÎalÉ SÏmiÉÉÎalÉ SÏmiÉÉÎalÉ SÏmiÉÉÎalÉ prevails, then the first zÉqÉlÉ rÉÉåaÉ zÉqÉlÉ rÉÉåaÉ zÉqÉlÉ rÉÉåaÉ zÉqÉlÉ rÉÉåaÉ to be given is

sÉɤÉÉ+eÉÏuÉlÉÏrÉ aÉhÉ+bÉsÉɤÉÉ+eÉÏuÉlÉÏrÉ aÉhÉ+bÉsÉɤÉÉ+eÉÏuÉlÉÏrÉ aÉhÉ+bÉsÉɤÉÉ+eÉÏuÉlÉÏrÉ aÉhÉ+bÉ××××iÉ + qÉkÉÑ ÎcNû¹ iÉ + qÉkÉÑ ÎcNû¹ iÉ + qÉkÉÑ ÎcNû¹ iÉ + qÉkÉÑ ÎcNû¹ along with mÉrÉxÉç.mÉrÉxÉç.mÉrÉxÉç.mÉrÉxÉç.

ÌmÉmmÉÍsÉ+qÉkÉÑMü+UÉåkÉë+MÑü¸+LsÉ+WûUåhÉÑ+kÉÉiÉMüÐ+zÉÉËUuÉ+WûËUSìɲå+xÉeÉïUxÉ.ÌmÉmmÉÍsÉ+qÉkÉÑMü+UÉåkÉë+MÑü¸+LsÉ+WûUåhÉÑ+kÉÉiÉMüÐ+zÉÉËUuÉ+WûËUSìɲå+xÉeÉïUxÉ.ÌmÉmmÉÍsÉ+qÉkÉÑMü+UÉåkÉë+MÑü¸+LsÉ+WûUåhÉÑ+kÉÉiÉMüÐ+zÉÉËUuÉ+WûËUSìɲå+xÉeÉïUxÉ.ÌmÉmmÉÍsÉ+qÉkÉÑMü+UÉåkÉë+MÑü¸+LsÉ+WûUåhÉÑ+kÉÉiÉMüÐ+zÉÉËUuÉ+WûËUSìɲå+xÉeÉïUxÉ.

Etc along with qÉkÉÑÍcɹ qÉkÉÑÍcɹ qÉkÉÑÍcɹ qÉkÉÑÍcɹ ---- ´́́́Éå¸ rÉÉåaÉ Éå¸ rÉÉåaÉ Éå¸ rÉÉåaÉ Éå¸ rÉÉåaÉ for aÉhQûqÉÉsÉÉ, qÉhQûsÉ, mÉëqÉåWû, pÉaÉlSU.aÉhQûqÉÉsÉÉ, qÉhQûsÉ, mÉëqÉåWû, pÉaÉlSU.aÉhQûqÉÉsÉÉ, qÉhQûsÉ, mÉëqÉåWû, pÉaÉlSU.aÉhQûqÉÉsÉÉ, qÉhQûsÉ, mÉëqÉåWû, pÉaÉlSU.

Beeswax is a remarkable wax because it does not melt

readily. It can stand temperatures up to 60oC.

It is used as a base in many products including lipstick,

hand creams and beauty creams. Beeswax is also used for furniture polish

and candles.

pÉalÉxÉlkÉÉlÉMüU pÉalÉxÉlkÉÉlÉMüU pÉalÉxÉlkÉÉlÉMüU pÉalÉxÉlkÉÉlÉMüU ---- unites fractures

uÉÉiÉMÑü¸uÉÏxÉmÉïU£üÎeÉiÉçuÉÉiÉMÑü¸uÉÏxÉmÉïU£üÎeÉiÉçuÉÉiÉMÑü¸uÉÏxÉmÉïU£üÎeÉiÉçuÉÉiÉMÑü¸uÉÏxÉmÉïU£üÎeÉiÉç ---- eradicates

raktaja

disorders

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1. Svastha Avastha

2. Roga Avastha

3. Shodhana Karma

4. Shamana Karma

5. Ashtanga Ayurveda

This shows the Pharmacological Importance of

Madhu and Madhu varga

Thus, we saw that honey is being used in

Madhu Varga - Pharmacological Aspects - Dr. R. S ivakumar Slide 34 of 35

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