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2211-6007 18 pages
M11/4/BIOLO/HPM/ENG/TZ1/XX
Wednesday 18 May 2011 (afternoon)
BiologyHigHer levelPaPer 1
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
• Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.• Answer all the questions.• For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on
the answer sheet provided.
1 hour
© International Baccalaureate Organization 2011
22116007
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1. Thetablebelowshowsthelevelofhemoglobinmeasuredintwodifferentgroupsofathletes.
Hemoglobin /grams per 100 cm3
Number of athletes tested
Standard deviation /grams per 100 cm3
Group A 12.6 200 0.8
Group B 11.9 220 3.2
Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?
A. ResultsfromgroupBaremoreaccuratebecausemoreathletesweretested.
B. ResultsfromgroupBaremorereliablebecauseithasahigherstandarddeviation.
C. More athletes have their hemoglobin concentration close to the mean in groupA than in groupB.
D. Theseresultsindicatethatthelevelofhemoglobinfollowsanormaldistribution.
2. Aredbloodcellis8μmindiameter.Ifdrawn100timeslargerthanitsactualsize,whatdiameterwillthedrawingbeinmm?
A. 0.08mm
B. 0.8mm
C. 8mm
D. 80mm
3. Anunknowncellisobservedusingamicroscope.Acellwall,ribosomesandDNAareidentified.Whatcanbeconcludedfromtheseobservations?
A. Itcanonlybeaprokaryoticcell.
B. Itcanonlybeaeukaryoticcell.
C. Itcouldbeaprokaryoticoreukaryoticcell.
D. Itcanonlybeaplantcell.
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4. Whichpairoffeaturesiscorrectforbothdiffusionandosmosis?
Diffusion Osmosis
A. netmovementofparticlesfromhightolowconcentration
active transport of water acrossapartiallypermeablemembrane
B. netmovementofparticlesfromlowtohighconcentration
active transport of water acrossapartiallypermeablemembrane
C. netmovementofparticlesfromlowtohighconcentration
passivemovementofwateracrossapartiallypermeablemembrane
D. netmovementofparticlesfromhightolowconcentration
passivemovementofwateracrossapartiallypermeablemembrane
5. Thediagrambelowshowsacellduringmitosis.
I
II
Chromosomes
Whatarethestructuresandstageofmitosis?
Stage of mitosis Structure I Structure II
A. metaphase chromatid nuclearmembrane
B. anaphase centromere plasmamembrane
C. anaphase chromatid nuclearmembrane
D. metaphase centromere plasmamembrane
}
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6. Whichstatementaboutwateriscorrect?
A. Theatomswithinamoleculeofwaterareheldtogetherbyhydrogenbonds.
B. Water has a low heat capacity allowing enzymatic reactions to happen at awide range oftemperatures.
C. Watermoleculesarepolar,thereforefattyacidsdonotdissolve.
D. Icehasahigherdensitythanliquidwater,thereforesomeorganismscanliveundertheice.
7. Whichtypeofmoleculeisshowninthediagrambelow?
A. Peptide
B. Carbohydrate
C. Lipid
D. Nucleicacid
8. ThepercentageofthymineintheDNAofanorganismisapproximately30%.Whatisthepercentageofguanine?
A. 70%
B. 30%
C. 40%
D. 20%
C
H
OH
2CHH
NC
O
C
O
2CH
SH
C
H
N
H
OHC
O
C
H
OH
2CHH
H N
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9. Whichofthefollowingareinvolvedinbothreplicationandtranscription?
A. DNAonly
B. DNAandRNA
C. DNAandribosomes
D. DNA,RNAandribosomes
10. Whatisthesourceoftheoxygenreleasedintotheairasaproductofphotosynthesis?
A. Chlorophyll
B. Carbondioxideonly
C. Wateronly
D. Bothwaterandcarbondioxide
11. Whatisthedifferencebetweentheallelesofagene?
A. Theirpositiononthechromosome
B. Theiraminoacidsequence
C. Theirpentosesugars
D. Theirbasesequence
12. Whichofthefollowingstatementsabouthomologouschromosomesiscorrect?
A. Eachgeneisatthesamelocusonbothchromosomes.
B. Theyare twoidenticalcopiesofaparentchromosomewhichareattachedtooneanotherat thecentromere.
C. Theyalwaysproduceidenticalphenotypes.
D. Theyarechromosomesthathaveidenticalgenesandalleles.
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13. Anewallelethatprovidesherbicideresistanceisidentifiedinsoybeanplants.Thealleleisdominant.Which of the following would be carried out in a herbicide-resistant plant to find out if it ishomozygousorheterozygousforthegene?
A. Gelelectrophoresis
B. Karyotyping
C. Testcross
D. DNAprofiling
14. Thepedigreechartbelowshowsthebloodtypesofthreemembersofafamily.
Whichcouldbethebloodtypesofindividuals1and2?
Individual 1 Individual 2
A. A AB
B. AB B
C. O B
D. B A
1
2
Blood Group A
Blood Group A Blood Group O
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15. Whichstatementaboutthepolymerasechainreaction(PCR)iscorrect?
A. PCRallowsDNAtobeclonedinatesttubeandmillionsofcopiescanbemadeinhours.
B. PCRallowsthesynthesisofRNAfromDNAmolecules.
C. PCRisanaturalprocesscarriedoutbysomevirusestoamplifyDNAmolecules.
D. PCRisaman-madetechniqueusedtoidentifythenucleotidesequenceofDNA.
16. Whatisacommunitycomposedof?
A. Habitats
B. Populations
C. Abioticfactors
D. Bioticandabioticfactors
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17. Thediagrambelowshowsasimplifiedfoodweb.
Howmanytrophiclevelsareinthisfoodweb?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
18. Whichofthefollowingaregreenhousegases?
I. Oxidesofnitrogen
II. Carbondioxide
III. Methane
A. IandIIonly
B. IandIIIonly
C. IIandIIIonly
D. I,IIandIII
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19. Thepopulationofwhite-taileddeer inNovaScotia (Canada) suffereda significantdecline in thelate1970s.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelytohavecausedthedecline?
A. Thepopulationhaddepletedresourcesintheenvironment
B. Adecreaseinhunting
C. Adecreaseinpredation
D. Natalityandimmigrationexceededmortalityandemigration
20. Twodifferent treeshavebeenclassifiedasPinus pineaandPinus nigra. Whichof thefollowingstatementsiscorrect?
A. Bothtreesbelongtothesameclassbutadifferentgenus.
B. Bothtreesbelongtothesamefamilyandsamegenus.
C. ThespeciesnameofbothtreesisPinus.
D. Thefamilynamesarepinea and nigra.
21. Celiac disease causes the destruction of the villi cells. Whichof the following ismost likely tohappentopeoplewithceliacdisease?
A. Incompletedigestionoffats
B. Poorabsorptionofcalcium
C. Increasedlevelsofglucoseinblood
D. Damageintheesophaguscausedbyincreaseinacidcontentofthestomach
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22. Isthebloodintheaorta,leftventricleandpulmonaryarteryoxygenatedordeoxygenated?
Aorta Left ventricle Pulmonary artery
A. oxygenated deoxygenated deoxygenated
B. deoxygenated oxygenated oxygenated
C. oxygenated oxygenated deoxygenated
D. oxygenated oxygenated oxygenated
23. Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutantibodiesiscorrect?
A. Antibodiesarepolypeptides.
B. Antibodiesareproducedbythebonemarrow.
C. Antibodiesarepathogenicforeignsubstances.
D. Antibodieskillbacteriabutnotviruses.
24. Whatwillbehappeninginapersonaftereighthoursofsleep?
A. βcellsinthepancreaswillbeproducinginsulin.
B. Glucosewillbeconvertedintoglucagon.
C. αcellsinthepancreaswillbeproducingglucagon.
D. Glycogenisbeingproducedandstoredintheliverandmusclecells.
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25. Thediagrambelowshowsthemalereproductivesystem.
Whicharetheepididymisandtheseminalvesicleinthediagram?
Epididymis Seminal vesicle
A. IV I
B. III II
C. I V
D. III I
26. Whatdoesanucleosomeconsistof?
A. DNAandhistones
B. DNAandchromatin
C. Chromatinandnucleotides
D. MatureRNAandhistones
I
II
III IV
V
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27. WhatareOkazakifragments?
A. ShortlengthsofRNAprimaseattachedtotheDNAduringreplication
B. ShortsectionsofDNAformedduringDNAreplication
C. NucleotidesaddedbyDNApolymeraseIinthesamedirectionasthereplicationfork
D. SectionsofRNAremovedbyDNApolymeraseIIIandreplacedwithDNA
28. ThesequenceofnucleotidesinasectionofRNAis:
GCCAUACGAUCG
WhatisthebasesequenceoftheDNAsensestrand?
A. CGGUAUGCUAGC
B. GCCATACGATCG
C. CGGTATGCTAGC
D. GCCAUACGAUCG
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29. Theelectronmicrographbelowshowsanorganelleinaeukaryoticcell.WhatisthearealabelledXandwhatisthetypeofreactionoccurringthere?
X
[Source:http://scienceblogs.com/clock/2006/11/cell_structure.php]
X Reaction
A. matrix photolysis
B. stroma Krebscycle
C. stroma photolysis
D. matrix Krebscycle
30. Whereischlorophyllfoundinaplantcell?
A. Thylakoidmembranes
B. Stroma
C. Matrix
D. Cristae
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31. Whatisproducedbythelight-dependentreactionsofphotosynthesisandusedintheCalvincycle?
A. Hydrogenandoxygen
B. ATPandNADPH
C. NADPHandoxygen
D. ATPandCO2
32. Thediagrambelowshowsacrosssectionofastem. What is thestructure labelledYandoneofitsfunctions?
Y
Structure Y Function
A. phloem storageofwaterandstarch
B. xylem mechanicalsupport
C. phloem gasexchange
D. xylem transportofsugars
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33. Thediagrambelowshowschromosomesduringmeiosis.
Howmanychromosomesandchiasmataarevisible?
Chromosomes Chiasmata
A. 4 4
B. 2 4
C. 2 2
D. 4 2
34. GenesAandBarelocatedonthesamechromosome.Iftwoindividualswiththegenotypeshownbelowarecrossed,whichgenotypecouldbeformed?
A.
B.
C.
D.
AB
ab
Ab
Ab
aB
aB
AB
Ab
aB
Ab
ab
ab×
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35. Whichofthefollowingstatementsisincorrect?
A. Active immunity is the stimulation of the immune system to produce antigen-specificantibodies.
B. Vaccines produce immunological memory similar to that acquired by having the naturaldisease.
C. Themostcommonwaytoacquirepassiveimmunityistohavethenaturaldisease.
D. Killedformsofamicroorganismcanactasanantigen.
36. Whichisthesequenceofeventsinmusclecontraction?
I. UseofATP
II. Formationofcrossbridges
III. Releaseofcalciumionsfromthesarcoplasmicreticulum
IV. Actinfilamentmovestowardsthecentreofthesarcomere
A. I→II→III→IV
B. III→II→IV→I
C. IV→I→II→III
D. II→IV→I→III
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37. Thediagrambelowshowsalongitudinalsectionthroughakidney.WhatisthestructurelabelledZandwhatisitsfunction?
Structure Z Function
A. cortex osmoregulation
B. medulla ultrafiltration
C. cortex ultrafiltration
D. pelvis osmoregulation
38. Duringurineproduction,whathappensifthewatercontentofthebloodistoolow?
A. Membranechannelsareproducedinthecellsofthecollectingduct.
B. ThepituitaryglandstopssecretingADH.
C. Thecollectingductbecomeslesspermeabletowater.
D. Largevolumesofdiluteurineareformed.
Z
{
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39. Aprocessoccursinwhichtheinsideofaneurondevelopsanetpositivechargecomparedwiththeoutside.Whatisthenameofthisprocess?
A. Restingpotential
B. Repolarization
C. Depolarization
D. Hyperpolarization
40. Whichofthesestatementsaboutthehumanplacentaisincorrect?
A. Theplacentaisthesiteofnutrientandgasexchangebetweenthemotherandfetus.
B. Theplacentaproduceshormones,suchasestrogen.
C. Theplacentabeginstodevelopafterimplantationoftheblastocyst.
D. Themother’sbloodandthebaby’sbloodmixintheplacenta.