m. yeh: building discourse literacy in chinese (i6)

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From Characters to Reading Comprehension Meng Yeh Rice University

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In this session, participants will survey two aspects of literacy, reading/interpretation and linguistic production, and will assess the interdependence of the two. Participants will identify the skills required for the mastery of each type of communication, organized as a scaffolded list, and will engage in activities that help students to acquire each skill (for example, identifying word boundaries, which are invisible in authentic Chinese text, or identifying the purpose of a given connected text — to compare, describe, explain, etc.). The oral presentations will be accompanied by PowerPoint, and each step will be illustratedwith examples.

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Page 1: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

From Characters to Reading Comprehension

Meng Yeh

Rice University

Page 2: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

1. Indicate the number of strokes

• a. 数 f. 趣• b. 兴 g. 试• c. 作 h. 所• d. 最 i. 因• e. 考 j. 级

Page 3: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

2. Circle the character or characters in each line

that correspond to the meaning on the left

a. guǒ (rúguǒ if) 杲 果 b. xuǎn select 选 洗 c. jí level in school 级 极 d. qù (xìngqu interest) 越 趣 e. xīng (xìngqu interest) 兴 应 f. suǒ (suǒyǐ therefore, so) 户 所

Page 4: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

3. Write the first two strokes of each of the

following characters

a. 强 f. 工b. 定 g. 数c. 所 h. 选d. 因 i. 考e. 最 j. 行

Page 5: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

4. Complete the missing strokes for each characters

a. guǒ (rúguǒ if) f. jí (level in school)

b. qù (xìngqu interest)

g. qiáng strong

c. zuì most h. xuǎn select

d. shì (kǎoshì test) i. háng (yínháng bank), xíng okay

e. yīn yīnwèi because

j. xìng (xìngqu interest)

Page 6: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

5. Rewrite this list of characters, arranging the characters in terms of their total number of strokes. Begin your list with

the character with the fewest number of strokes

强 试 因 趣 工 作 所 行兴 果 最 选 定 考 书 级

Page 7: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

6. Radicals

因 候 定 经 最 课

作 家 工 园 强 趣

试 张 差 国 选 起

级 住 道 时

Page 8: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

宀 走辶 讠

囗 工日 纟亻 弓

Page 9: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

7. Character Sleuth • Group the following characters in terms of a part that they

share in common. The shared part need not be the radical in each character. (部件)

• 考 期 数 学 作 最 定 坐 果• 趣 国 难 样 所 朋 行 昨 听• 汉 本 做 往 起 前 怎 在 老

Page 10: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

Shared Part

部件Characters

攵 数,做土 坐,在又 难,汉月 朋,期,前

Page 11: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

7. Character sleuth: Look for the phonetic.

可 只 筷 先 少 漂 界 快钟 炒 价 请 歌 懂 种 哥介 选 重 阶 块 票 识 情

phonetic characters that rhyme or almost rhyme and share a phonetic

component

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8. Skimming for information. You have not learned all of the characters, but you have learned enough characters and grammatical structures to enable you to identify the

main point. • 你对哪门课有兴趣,不一定要选那个专业。选专业跟很多方面有关系。第一,那个专业难不难。如果很难,你一定学不好。第二,那个专业有用没有。没有用的东西为什么要学呢?最后,那个专业容易不容易找工作。学了一个专业,可是没有工作有什么用呢?这就是为什么专业跟兴趣有关系,可是关系不大。

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provide the requested information

• a. Circle the characters that you have not learned.

• b. In one sentence in English, state the general topic of this passage.

• c. What do you think专业 means? Why? (Do not ask your Chinese teacher or look it up.)

Page 14: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

9. Find the Incorrect Characters

因为我一真对书学很有兴去,所以这个学七我先了两们数学可。可是 dì一个考是以后,我的考是分数不太好。 下可以后我去找老师。老师跟我话, dì一个考试的分数好不好没有关西。 Rú果你一直很用功,一定 néng字好,一定 néng考好。

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Reading Proficiency

• 活用词汇 bring words to life

• 掌握信息 identify information

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vocabulary

• Association

situation people to talk 肚子疼的时候 父母功课有问题的时候 老师没有钱的时候 医生

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vocabulary

• Categorization (I)circle the item that does not belong to this set

a. 朋友,学生,市中心,女孩b. 去年, zhàopiàn ,早上,以前c. 十,月,百,千

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vocabulary• Categorization (II)

classify the following words into appropriate categories.

公园, fù 习, kuaì 子 , 车站, tiàowǔ ,地图,找钱,书店, gàosù

place tool action

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Word definitionxià 天, qié 子,钱,图书馆, chuáng , kè 人 a. 可以在上 biān 睡觉b. 去看书 , jiè 书的地方c. 到你们家来玩的人d. 可以用来买东西e. 中国 zhàoxiàng 的时候,喜欢说的f. 每年六,七,八月

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Identify Informationtopic, main ideas, supporting statements, sequence of events, description

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Use when, what, where, who, how, why

今天是高文的生日。小高请张容和谢朋到他家来吃饭。他们都没来过小高的家。张容 sòng 给小高一本书,谢朋买了一 píng jiǔ 。吃饭以前 , 小高给他们看了很多 zhàopiàn. 高太太做了很多 cài, 还有 jiǎo 子。 kè 人都很 kèqì, 吃得不多。吃了晚饭以后 , 高先生请 kè 人 hē kāfēi. 谢朋不 hē kāfēi, 只 吃了一 xiē 水 guǒ. 他们说话、看电 shì ,到了十一点张容和谢朋 cái 坐 gōnggòng qì 车回 sùshè 。

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• 为什么高文请朋友来家里吃饭?• 张容和谢朋是 dì 几次来高文家?• 张容和谢朋住在哪儿?他们怎么回去?• 他们回家吃完饭以后,还做什么?• 为什么张容和谢朋 sòng 东西给小高?他们

sòng 给小高什么?

Page 23: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

Identify sequence of events

•First, Read the following passage written by Xiǎo Zhāng about his plan.

•Then, rearrange the sentences into a coherent paragraph that summarizes the main ideas of the passage.

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快 fàng shǔjià 了。今年 xià 天我打 suàn 先上 shǔ 期学 xiào 的中文课,再去 Táiwān lǚyóu 三个星期。 我早就想去 Táiwān 看看了。我的好朋友谢友容是 Táiwān 人。她 gàosù 我 Táiwān 非常 piàoliang ,在 Tái 北差不多 měi 个人 都会说一点 Yīng 文,坐地 tiě 也很容易,我可以一个人去那儿 lǚyóu. 友容的 fùmǔ 都在 Tái 北,她说我去 Tái 北可以住在她家。 我想,上了 shǔ 期学 xiào 以后 我的中文会有很大的 jìnbù ,去 Tái 北还可以 jìxù liàn 习。这样,就不会 wàng 了太多的中文。

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(a) 到了台北,小张打算住在友容的父母家。

(b) 在台北三个星期,他 jìhuà 自己坐地铁到不同的地方去玩。

(d) 小张 xīwàng 暑期学 xiào 和 Táiwān 的旅游会让他的中文进步很多。

(c) 暑假快到了,小张决定先上中文课,再去台湾。

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Reading for information

Read the paragraph for the main ideas and answer the following questions in English. You have learned almost all of the characters and words used in this paragraph so you should be able to answer the questions without looking up any characters we have not learned.

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什么样的衣服最流行,我就最不喜欢。流行的衣服很多人都有,很多人都穿,我为什么要跟他们穿一样的衣服呢?不流行没关系,只要我自己喜欢就好。我不管别人怎么想。我给我自己穿衣服,不是给别人穿衣服。另外,流行的衣服,很多人都想买,所以也就会比较贵。本来一件衣服不会那么贵,就是因为很多人都想买才会那么贵。这就是我为什么不喜欢流行的衣服。

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1. What is the general topic of this paragraph?

2. What is the narrator’s opinion about this topic?

3. What arguments does the narrator give to explain why he holds this opinion?

4. Circle the phrase that the narrator uses to sum up his opinion.

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Read the following from a mother to her son, and answer the following questions.

虽然这件衣服穿在你身上很 héshì ,但是我觉得你应该买再大一号的。 Dì 一,穿大一点的衣服,你看起来比 jiào shòu 。 Dì 二,衣服大一号,夏天穿你不觉得很 rè , dōng 天你里边还可以再穿别的衣服。 Dì 三,这件和大一号的一样贵。最后,如果你以后高了呢,大一号的还可以穿,而现在 héshì的就不能穿了。

Page 30: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

a. What is the purpose of this paragraph?妈妈要她儿子 __________________

b. How does the mother’s opinion differ from the opinion of her son? 她的儿子要买 _______ ,而不要买 ________________ 。

c. Why does the mother mention about seasons?她说大一号的衣服,冬天 __________________ ,而且夏天 _______________ 。

d. What are reasons provided by the mother to support her opinion? 1. 2. 3.

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Reading Stories

• Infer meaning

• Characters

• Plot, conflict building

• Result, solution

• Connectors

Page 32: M. Yeh: Building Discourse Literacy in Chinese (I6)

北风和太阳北风觉得自己很强大,没有人比他强。太阳和北风是好朋友,常常在一起工作。太阳也很大,但是不觉得自己很tèbié ,而且很愿意帮助别人。有一天,北风想跟太阳比赛,看谁比较强。他们看到一个人在路上。北风说看谁能叫那个人把衣服脱下,谁就比较强大。太阳回答说,‘好吧。’北风就开始吹大风,可是风越大,那个人把衣服穿得越紧,他没有把衣服脱下来。这时候,太阳开始照在那个人的身上,天气越来越热,那个人脱了一件衣服又一件衣服。北风看了,就对太阳说,还是你比较强大。太阳说,qíshí 你也很强大,你可以让那个人把衣服穿上,但是我不行。最后,北风和太阳都笑了, jìxù 他们的工作。

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tasks

• infer the meaning from the context/visual: 脱 tuō ,太阳 yáng

• characters: how are the characters described?• plot, conflict building: why and what competition? • end, result: who is winning• connectors: 有一天,这时候,最后

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• modified authentic materials

• extend reading topics

• Connection: learning new knowledge in other subjects

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奥林匹克运动会是 2776 年以前开始的,地点在希腊南边的奥林匹克。奥林匹克是一个很漂亮的地方。奥运会是每四年一次。第一次比赛的时候,只有‘赛跑’,没有别的运动。后来运动会慢慢地扩大,参加的人越来越多,而且是从希腊不同地方来的运动员,所以成为很重要的活动。不过,大约在 2500 年以前,奥林匹克有两次大地震,地震以后,奥林匹克就没有办运动会了。一直到 1776 年,一个英国人发现了奥林匹克这个地方的古物,大家才又对奥林匹克运动会有兴趣。 1896 年开始现在的奥运会,那年只有十五个国家参加。 2008 年的奥运会在北京,有204 个国家。

希腊的奥林匹克

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写出英文的意思1. 奥林匹克 [àolínpīkè]

2. 希腊 [xīlà]

3. 地震 (‘震’ [zhèn] 是 shake 的意思 )

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• What is a good title for this passage?

• Why is the year of 1776 mentioned in the passage?

• What are the differences mentioned about the year of 1896 and 2008?