s.1 ep.17The Hijra: A New Beginning

Year

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

M 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 620 621 622

Events

Iqra’, Al-Mudatsir As-Syuara: 214,

Al-Hijr: 94

Proclaim Abyssinia 1 and 2

Umar & Hamza become muslim

Economic and social embargo

Death of Abu Thalib

Isra’ Mi’raj

Stages

Death of Khadija

Secretive phase

Declaration of Islam Dawah beyond the Meccan

Prosecution

Muslims of YatsribPledge of Aqaba 1,2

H 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

M 623 624 625 626 627 628 629 630 631 632

Events

Hijra

Stages

Reason for Hijrah1. Persecution2. Limited spread of Islam in Mecca3. Spread of Islam and Promised protection for Muslim in Yatsrib4. Establishing the first independent Muslim community

إني أريت دار هجرتكم ذات نخل بين لبتين ، وهي الحرتان

"Your place of emigration has been shown to me. I have seen salty land, planted with date-palms and situated between two mountains which are the two Harras (Yatsrib).“ – Al-Bukhari

Mount of Uhud

Al-HarraAl-

Harra

Mount of Uhud

YatsribYatsrib

Quraysh tried to prevent Muslims from leaving: To contain Islam within Mecca. To keep control on the spread of Islam. To prevent the threat of forming a Muslim State. To preserve the tribal system, against faith-based allegiance. The potential threat to their Northern trade rout passing by Yathrib to Syria.

Placing pressure on families by separating them Family of Abu Salamah

Kidnapping, imprisonment and torture ‘Ayyash bin Abi Rabi’ah Hisham bin Al-’As

Confiscating wealth and property Suhaib bin Sinan Ar-Rumi

Plot to murder the ProphetAli sleep at Prophet bed at night. The Prophet and Abu Bakr travel south to the cave of thaur. Quraysh post a reward to bring the Prophet death or alive with 100 camels

وإذ يمكر بك الذين كفروا ليثبتوك أو يقتلوك أو يخرجوك ويمكرون ويمكر ال وال خير المكرين

And (remember) when the disbelievers plotted against you (O Muhammad) to imprison you, or to kill you, or to get you out (from your home, i.e. Makkah); they were plotting and Allah too was plotting; and Allah is the Best of those who plot. (Al-Anfal: 30)

Narrated Abu Bakr: I said to the Prophet while I was in the Cave. "If any of them should look under his feet, he would see us." He said, "O Abu Bakr! What do you think of two (persons) the third of whom is Allah?" [Bukhari]

If you help him not (it does not matter), for Allah did indeed help him when the disbelievers drove him out, the second of the two; when they were in the cave, he said to his companion (Abu Bakr) "Be not sad (or afraid), surely Allah is with us." Then Allah sent down His tranquility upon him, and strengthened him with forces (angels) which you saw not, and made the word of those who disbelieved the lowermost, while the Word of Allah is the the uppermost; and Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise. (At-Taubah: 40)