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~m ~ffil$fMCh \..!" ,, '" ChT ChlqliWH Q I ~ ~~FrChnT\31T

ChT ~!(7:l" ~ chlql~'i( ~ Q:-?r ~ (vinyl) gq ~ m ChT m ~ w.nT~T-iN~fY:P~ (photoinitiator) ~

~ (free radicals) rir ~~ ~ w.nT~T fct<uiT &m

m FcIiir ~ q-{ ~~ (cross-l ink) q.n Bit I Jffi ~ w.nT"( chlqlWI'i( chl \3ffi~ cg % I

~ ~~J11 2{ ~ ~ ft~ (methacrylate) col ~ Jffi.zTq ~ ~ C%~T ~ 2{

Po--~ ~ ,., ' R Cf\1TI:lT IGtl 0 1Gtl &m IqGtlI ~1\1 ~ If $2ChI Ch ~'i(,I$$I$i5

(itaconic anhydride) ChT ~ffi l $~Ch ~ 6h,q'i~'"l( ~ 6h'1 q lR1 '"l (I $ lI!(R it \ifTffi % I ~ mfl11 &m Cf)1f ('ff1TI1R

q-{ 'ifi ~ ~ mB fu;-m \i11 BCmff % I

~ ft~-~ GJCT-m ~ ~ WlfRl w.nT!(T

m 21 $ 2: Iri 'i <::frfTrch f?E;rrm \ifTffi % I ~ w.nT"( cmn ctT ~ ~ ~ col ~ ~ ~ Jffi m 'k'l lfRCh q-{

fu'4"ChT cg W~ Fcn-a rm I \'1 G~I q (hi , if W~ '31Tf~ ~ ~ gJ'i9 ChYqI RIO:I" q-{ 'lfr ~Ni c'l\'1lcrcrCh fu;if rml ~ W~ ~ qw qc;rr % fu> w.nT!(T ~ ~ ~ ~

ctr ~ chl 90% ~ @(q cg ~ % I w.nT!(T U'mwr ctT ~ w.nT~T ~ Wc1 ~ \31Ttnfuf % I ~ ctT fct<uiT U ~ ~ ~ 20 m ChT ~ WTill % I m ctT ~!(T if '!fr ~ qfr col ~ ~ \i11 BCmff % I

mciT ~ if fu-;n ~ ~ \i11 m Cl'l'ffi ~ ~ qfr ~ fcrch'm ~ ~ Wr2T ~ ~ ~ col CfGf 1998 ChT

"$~f«; IOOI(T1 ~!(R .zTq ~" >fCR fu;-m ll1IT % I ~ ~ ctT ~~ ~ {-i'JiJ llOOItl m ~ 2{ 1996 ~

rir cit Jffi ~ nw:R ~ an- ~ ~ ~ rnTTGR ~ ~ fu;Ut '!fr trr col ~ \ifTffi % I Tf\1' CfGf ~ ~ ~ 3,500 qfs ctT tRUf~T ~m ~ cniq if CRT M'.ffifUi\'1

(inscribed) cffl cnirn (punch bowl) ~ rm ~ I IT:ir2T ~ ~ ~ chl fcr~qm % fu; ~f w.nT~T ~ GJCT-m qfr -?r ~ ~-~ ~ ~

lfP.lill fir\'i" Wh'l'T ~m ~ iWR %=r&Rm u JWr ~ ~ I f~ ~ J1cifTCTT \3Rl ~ ~ 'ifi ~ ~ 1cfR ~ ~ ~ q-{ ~n'4 m q-{ fuqn: cg m % [~[[US{4;P2lf{i; ¥,76 (;t. 48) ( 1999)~. 29].

if. en. ~f . \3NclT(T1"

~~ Q;ff'~ tlcil"!il~Ro<ri ~ ~~~ ~ " , ' fT ,. tl ,. ~(.',~'"l\ .3IT( ~ (l$1OOI1I1O:I 1 &m qJ("(T1l11

(fulle renes) col q<:rffi l1ffi ~ m~mrrr if SITH ~ ctT tW:rm 0lR ~ ~-TIT ~ 2{ fcr~q ~ ~$1 IRchl' col ~ ~ fu;-m % I ::tJ("(T1{loi'j ~ tt ~, ~$1 IRCh iWl' J8l ~-J'1T (bowel shaped)

ql(T1IHI$Ch~Ch Qfl~21Ch (polycyclic aromatic)

$1$~'IChl cl11' ~ '41 R\(T1q(:cl1 #R" crrTr % I ~ Chtr~, \IfTqR =+- V"'\, f\ r'\ '"\ '"\ '"\ C\ f2 Gtl gJ'i9 ({lIIOOl'i~1 "'1" ~~T ~-TIT ~12(1~(11:i Ch

(heteroaromatic) <fliTrCh ~~~ cg #R" ctT ~ ctT % I ~ <::frfTrch ChT ;wr % ~1$fth'1{~11~ 1$~ (triphenylenotrithiophene) I

~ fcr~T1! <::frfTrch ~ ~ ~m ~ (thiophene)

~ ~ (rings) ~ ~m ~ ~~~ ~....rj'~ I{~ (benzotrithiophene) U 'qf( ~ ~ fcnm ll1IT m I

~ ~~.~ m crm ~$1 IRCh ~ ~(I~TlIT fcrQClfClW(T11OO1

(\IfTqR) Et ~-m ~, ~ ~ ~m qq-m 2:~f?!1OOI 1 Jffi CFBl fcr~CJfcmTWf (\IfTqR) ~ ~TtiT \3TBT ~ ~~J11 ~ ~, ~ <::frfTrch ~ ~-t 01~ &m ~ ~ ~\31T % fu; ~ i?hecrfllOOI ~ ~" ~ "r-.. ..+-# ' --:;..p.... QcHWH I (hexagonal)~{«OC'111OO1 JCRffi1 ~!(II\l 1 ~ \IlIIGtl

ChlclRCh ~J11 ~ ~ tt ~ col fi'wrffi % I ~ ~ ~ ~f ~ ~-TIT ~ ~ ChI~CR.l (concave­

convex) ffl U qCfl ~ ~ ~ iT~ ~ ~m ;:r;rif S-S

ci~ j@:f ffl U ~ ~ I ::rrr::TIT::oTt ~ Po-- ' , , .;>." "'"" f2: Vl I'- 'i,C" ChT %"'iT Q IGtl q iWl' qB" "'1"<-1 1:>l2( 1 ~(I 'i Ch

<::frfTrch ~~~ m ChT w:rlT:f cg ~ % ~ .31fuco ~ ~ it <:IT ~ ~-TIT ~ ~ TTQ~ ~ it I ~ Ch"-{ ~ q-GJ~ 'ifi m ChT w:rR cg W ~ ~ 01y;cfm

"" '"" f2: ~.;>.~ ' --'-'--:>" (non-polar) ~ IGI ( I~O'"l Ch <-III'IGtlI ~ q11<-1 \i11"'1" QIl."1

ChlclRCh ~ (organic conductors) ~ ~ [~ CbPfflJj;pR, (;t. 18) (1999), ~ . 1859-60 ; ~ ([US

{vlJHqjf7r ~ 77 (;:f. 40) (1999) ~. 281 I

if. cfr. ~. \3NclT(T1"

~ ~ittR ~ lfc'i ~ fclfq T4CflRli1

~~~~, "~~" ~vwr ~iTtR ~ ~ Q;m ~ fcTfu q)l mm ~% ~ &m~ ~ t'r 'q{UT if vwr if ~ B'ITI ~1~-ilChIJ;:i'i (hydrocarbons) q)l M&:hI{i"1 W'l1cl" it Tfm % 1 ~ ~ fcrr~ ChT ~ 1:fr 1fT ~ (M PPE) (~~fi\14"1({i ~

~~R) m q~(1ff9~, (1 ~ R&:hI{i"1 mm q)l '"fl1l

~ % 1 ~ q)l GJCIT % ful ~ fcTfu &m 99.999% ~ I ~ ~ I chi':\" .. tY q)l vwr "B f~ li.h In "1 it "fT\1T % 1

~ fcTfu ~ ~ ~ ~ if ¥TIIT ~ (packed

bed) W'l1 iRf ~ 0fu ~ Fcl~'fq- ~ (proprietary)

0l~ (non-polar) ~ ChT ~ ~ c:nuIT if 'l1\ W:rr "fT\1T % 1 ~ qAT ChT ~ TffiIT ~ if U Tffil "fT\1T

% ~ ~ qr-fr if 0qf{~ (', 1~-ilChIJ11' ChT "I.TQ R&:hI ~H ~ -&mr ffin % (1"m qAT ~ it "fT\1T % 1

~ q)l GJCIT % Fct ~ 'tW' ~ <t"5T qr-fr ChT1 crt ~ ffi(r tkT ctr C,1 "B ~ Cfl{ m ~ ~ 'ffillRl ' ~ &m 120 crt ~ qr-fr ffi(r tkT ~ ~;Jff~%1 ~c8"~~ChTcnt~ m~-m~ ~ ~ 'lfr ;Jff ~ % 1

~ fcTfu &m ~ >rChl\ ~ ~1~~IChIJ"{i q)l ~&:hm"1 ~~ "~R ~ <I R " ~R W'11cf <' )JH11Cl"l ~(I Ch, ~vlLf) Ch, #111 ~(1 (1"m ~

"\ "\ ~ "\ r t'\ ""- ::\

~MI'JjR~(1 (halogenated) ~ 1~~ IChlcHIIOl ~~ Jffi:: qlM'I~~I~RCh ~ 1 ~~IChIJ"1 1 ~ ~ c8" ~ fcr~Tcsri=rr"I.TQ '1fT % fcB ~ i3iChIJRCh irB ~~ ~ ~, ~ Jffi" ~ ~ R &:hI H "1 W'l1 "B ~ t'r ~ \Il"ffi ~ 1

~ ~ 1:fr 1:fr ~ f.'llChIH"1 mm if G) W'll iRf ~ 1 ~ ChT >rWT ~1~$IChIJ"1 ~ if fcBm "fT\1T % (1"m ~ R &:hI (j "1-c:nrf ~ ~ cnm ~ "fT\1T % 1 ~ ~ ~ WfJT{ Cfl{ ;mii u em -GJCT IT{ 'qfCf ~ c8" vmfT % 1

~ ~ if WfI1TT ~ tG:T WI "fT\1T % Jfu mN~qr(1" "I.TQ W'll R ti.f) I {i 1-c:nrf % ffit:!; cnm iT "fT\1T % 1 ' ,

99

(trinitrotoluene, TNT) ~ q)l 'lfr qr-fr "B R&:hI{i"1

WI1cf iT ~ 1 fcr~q ~ cnt ~~TI &m ~ ffi 20Ch ~m ChT ~ if ~ u ~ vwr ~ ~ m c8" WITICRT

C1];\1" ~ CRP ~ % 1

~ ~t:TR cm=rii3iT q)l %11 % fcB ~ ~ c8" ¥T , ffi1T(1" (~ WTf.r 0ffi ~ & -\@fq ~ ~ Cl:fQ ChT ~) ~ ~ SjoilRitlOl' i c8" ffi1T(1" U W em % [~r:;us {v/)f.j2If?iJ ~ 77 (;T. 40 ) (1999) 9:. 16-17]1

;;f\cUfiictCfl 31leffi1Cfl(OI &m lft~ q:jl ~~ ~ ~

~~R(rf ~ W 9:,\ ~ ~ ~ (IUPAC) c8" cMR if 1999 if ~ ~cll~Ch ~ if ~ em mU qqf ~ FcmT'l ~ ~ mtrhe~e) IT{

~ c8" ~ 1 "I.TQ ~ m : "~ if JllJUfr ~ : vftq fcrnR q)l ~ \31Tt:m: (Molecular Basis of Life

Sciences) " 1 ~ ~ if ~ 'qTTSl1JT ~ cn#r ~$lIRChl' if ~ ~ ~ 6t ~;:;:IT fcB ~HI1~2OH ~0~~c:.Jff1:n ~cHIMI\Jj"1 (MIT) (~) if nrr:r'i" ~ >iNlm ~ 1 ~ ~ ~ m ~ 'i ~~ \{Ol ~ IT{ 0l"4""'i1 'qTTSl1JT

~ 1 "I.TQ ~ m : "~~ q)l fiT~ if ~ C1 IfiJClCh R> r ' I P-..,.,..,...4: <I ........-A- ., ~ ,. " rl-rt qj{C1(1"1 1C'1"-t-5 Jffi D '"1Cl"l {i~IOlWI«1 q)l '-; ~

~2:~ri\I~OV1I{tjl' (1"m ql4'I~2ORitCh (biometallic) M if fcr~'fq- Qfu cit ;:;:IT ~1~~IChI4"{i (hydrocarbons) ChT i3ilcf(n~(1 (oxidize ) Cfl{ ~ ~ 1

~ \31cJm IT{ ~ ~ ~ \31T~ @v:iT ~ ~ . if CfOl1TI ~ U ¥9 ill ~ 'lfr qftuwr ~ ;:;:IT 0l'lfr

~l(1" m cnctr ~ 1 ~ CT\1"T<lT fcB ~ ~ (bacteria) ~~ ChT fiT~ if QRC1Ri(1 Cfl{ ~ ~ 1 ~

CT\1"T<lT fcB ~tHl~Ifq:jCh (methanotrophic) ~ ~~ ~ ~ U SlTR ~ qr;fr ChT g'"l: >rWT if ffi<n;Jff ChT fiT~ if QR C1 Ri (1 (1 ~ ~ ~ s:i'rZR" ~ ~

~ ~ .,. ., <I p., ~ 1\'1 '-; ,, '""

~ <' m vwr ql(l 11 ~ ;Jff ~ ~ (1"m R&:hIii:"l\1 ~~fu;r &?T ~~ ~31ICR?FJ:fI~\i1 (methane

~1~~ICf)lcf"1'i ChT ~tR ~ ffl ~ ~ fcBm ;Jff ~ % 1 monoxygenase) (sMMO) q)l >rWT ~ ~ if m ~ fcTfu U ~ qr;fr , ~ qr;fr m q~(.:llql· ~ ~ 1

qr;fr, B'ITI ChT ~ fcBm ;Jff ~ % 1 ~ 'lfr ~ CH4 + 0 2 + NAOH + H+ -7 CH30H + H20 + NAO+ Fclfu &m cnt ~-m'il IT{ qr-fr ~ ~ ;Jff @ % 1 "I.TQ

~ ~ \!fIf.ft ~ ~ ~ ~R'I~~C: ~ m~ filwg D;m Fclfu ~Chm(1 ~ if wft % ~ &m ~(:qikCh

Ch lcfRCh ~ *?r fcB ~ 1 ~"1I~il-~

if ~ ~ ~ RCh-'ltl"1I'iI~s ~ sl~~ffifWn2OI~S (nicotinamide odenine dinucleotide,

NAOH) ~ NAO+ q)l ~ (reduced) ffl % Jfu

100

trQ ~ if ~t:R" - J1~3IT it 0i ICRi"I<:fj{ 01 if ~ ~ @l Cf~ I ·Hl ~ ° I Ch'rl f CflT r.or<f Cf)@ % ,

~ 0lR m ~ 01 I CRi"ICh (0 I ~ ~ >mtm CflT

fuT~ ~f2Cfj'loi'l it J1tzrl:R" Ch\ ~ ~ ~ fit~rrJl7Cli7rm PhWl,rkH (Methylococcus capsulatus) (Bath) it mR

sMMO CflT J1un:R" d"m ~ tf~~ ~ <:j~ it tf~~ d"m CTf~ it31un:R" '4T ~TTfih;r ~ , ~;r

CTdmT fct fit~t311C1itcm Ph qr;,rkH ( crr~) a Cf2H1 ~ I ~ it crr~ ~ (~ ir mR FctQ rrir ~ [~[[US $~!JR2Iffi/ ~ 77 (o:f. 38) (1999) ~. 69-70] ,

sT. m.~. ~

'¥1 &Tn ~~ cfit rnf ~ cfit ~'lWRT 'Q)fq'~

~mcr ctT w ~ it ~ ;n~ fhflfVHI ~Clffia (~) it ~tlRCflnf0iT;r ~ .3fffim ~ @vn

%, ~ ~ ~ ~ l'lI cpRlCh q'ft) it ~ (plant

ext ract) ChT ~ m CfiWT( qn:rr %, trQ q'fm 'l1T(\1 if '"

~, ~ d"m ~q '"WiT ir ~ vmrr % d"m ~ '"

if ~ 'fie V1R cni' ~ ~ d"m ~ ~$1If.lCh 1l1l &/$W(ClJI"I q(lh}« lf m (Hypericum perforatum

Li n n ) %, trQ T" rcPCf if qn:rr VfTill % d"m 'l1T(\1 if trQ

qcf-ffi-q ~ if qn:rr vmrr % ,

,~ ~ cfrt) it ~ ChT ~ if B1llRf ~ ~ ~ CflT~ cnB it ~ ~ ~ vmrr%, ~ if trQ ~ Cl§(1 ~ % ~ '3F<l c.cn0TI ~ ~ ~~, ChI4ClI(~'iI , J1T4Pn:f JDfu w<Fm qr~cf ~ (side effects) o:nfi ~ ,

~ ~mo:rcmn0iT ;r Wi CflT ~ eM rn fct<:rr ;;:iT ~mcr it cftcrR ~ Jfr' ~ ~TT[q J1T~ d"m qRT CfllT QTfr ~ I ~ Wi it ~ -g;q Clll cnt:r qt) CflT ~ fQc;n Ch\

;rrq ~mcr jCfd ~ if Q'R it ~ ~ ~ ill ~ ~ ;r ~ TTl::!; Wi ctT ,~an31Tm mTCl tt qr ,

n+ fu "\ ~ f.l,-.r " "\ ~ ~ ;nq ( 1 "11 <i! Cl IH 21 Cf) ~11 q)""i \ ~ <'1q'fJI \

~ ~ if ~'tTRTc1 ·m ~ CflT Fcr~crm %

fct ~ ~ ~ ~~mrfr ~ (active ingredients)

~ I~q d{H (hypercin) (fu?r 1) d"m ~1~q(41iR'i (hyperforin) ~ , -Q- ~ mfi'rCfl ~ <:IT ~ ~ if ~-~ (neutro-t ransmitters) tIm M 'lilf.l'i

(serotonin) , ~ (dopamine) d"m 'i1(~f{j'iCf)R'i (norepineph rine) ctT ~ ~ if ~ ~ ~ ,

m-;fi CflT Cf)~ % fct ~ if M kif.l "1 d"m ~ ~ CfJIfi d"m ~lTfCT ~ w if mm w<FtT % ~ ~ 01'4T ~~ 1e\q (molecular mode) if ~ d"ur CflT

01un:R" o:nfi fct<:rr %, trQ W~ 'Wfq \:i'"'Ql'~ ~ q-( m fct<:rr % ~ T.:ncrRT ChT ~f Fcr~qpJ % fct trQ ~ lfACT

q-( '4T qjt ~ !:l'l1TcIT irrr ,

~ CflT Cf)g'i1 % fct trQ ~ ~ ~ ~ I cp,Rl Ch

qrt) q-( J1TmfTc:r % ~ "G~~ ,~ ctT ,~an

~ qr~cf l'P:rTCf ~ ir'T' ~ trQ '4T Fcr~qpJ % fct ~mfcr<:n ~ ~lTfCT ~ w ~ it ~ ~ Jp:f ~ it m~ !:RjCf(i" ~ V1T 1JCf)(11 % ~ trQ ~ ~ ~

~:~ 0lR ~ ~ ~ ChT ~ ~ UIJCn1Tf (mag ic

bu" el) ~ \T§rr 11fT ~ V1T ~ [C/iifRtT ~ ff;Z;r; , (1999) ~. 23 ].