m 06 p 03 microbial fuelcells

7/25/2019 m 06 p 03 Microbial Fuelcells

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R. ShanthiniSource: http://parts.mit.edu/igem07/images/2/2d/Fuelcell.JP

!icrobial

Fuel "ells


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R. Shanthini

anode

cathode

!icrobial

Fuel "ells

Source: http://parts.mit.edu/igem07/images/2/2d/Fuelcell.JP


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R. Shanthini

#n anode and a cathode are connected b$

an e%ternal electrical circuit&

and separated

internall$ b$ an ion

e%change membrane.


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R. Shanthini

!icrobes gro'ing in the anodic chamber

metaboli(e a carbon substrate )glucose in this

case* to produce energ$ and h$drogen.


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R. Shanthini

+$drogen generated is

reduced into h$drogenions )proton* and

electrons.

"6+12,6- 2+2, 2"+",,+ - 2",2- +2

or

"6+12,6 "+"+2"+2",,+ - 2",2- 2+2


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R. Shanthini

lectrons are transerred to the anodic electrode&

and then to the e%ternal electrical circuit.

3he protons

mo4e to the

cathodiccompartment

4ia the ion

e%change

channel andcomplete the

circuit.


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R. Shanthini

3he electrons and protons liberated in the reaction

recombine in the cathode.

5 o%$gen is to be used

as an o%idi(ing agent&

'ater 'ill be ormed.

#n electrical current

is ormed rom thepotential dierence

o the anode and

cathode& and po'er

is generated.


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R. Shanthini

3he anode and cathode electrodes are composed o

graphite& carbon paper or carbon cloth.

3he anodic chamber is

illed 'ith the carbon

substrate or the microbes

to metaboli(e to gro' and

produce energ$.

3he p+ and buering

properties o the anodic

chamber can be 4aried to

ma%imi(e microbial gro'th&

energ$ production& and

electric potential.


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R. Shanthini

aborator$ substrates are acetate& glucose& or lactate.

Real 'orld substrates include 'aste'ater and landills.

Substrate concentration&

t$pe& and eed rate can

greatl$ aect the

eicienc$ o a cell.


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R. Shanthini

!icrobes should be anaerobic )ermentati4e t$pe*

because anodic chamber must be ree o o%$gen.

!icrobes tested are:

E. coli

Proteus vulgaris

Streptococcus lactis

Staphylococcus aureus

Psuedomonas methanica

Lactobacillus plantarium

)!an$ o these species

are no'n human

pathogens& and pose a

potential saet$ ha(ard.*


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R. Shanthini

!icrobes should be anaerobic )ermentati4e t$pe*

because anodic chamber must be ree o o%$gen.

Some bacteria& lie

Clostridium cellulolyticum&are able to use cellulose

as a substrate to produce

an electrical output

bet'een 1.89.2m;/m2& depending on the

t$pe o cellulose.


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R. Shanthini

Proton %change !embrane )P!*

3he P! acts as the barrier bet'een the anodic and

cathodic chambers.

5t is commonl$ made rom pol$mers lie


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R. Shanthini

Real8lie !F"


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R. Shanthini

Real8lie !F"

3he !F" sho'n in this tabletop setup can

tae common sources o organic 'astesuch as human se'age& animal 'aste& or

agricultural runo and con4ert them into

electricit$ )>iodesign 5nstitute*.


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R. Shanthini

Real8lie !F"

Fuel cells lie this are no' used b$ a

leading =? bre'er$ to test the acti4it$ o

the $east used or their ales.


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R. Shanthini

Real8lie !F"

3he blac bo%es arranged in a ring o therobot are !F"s& each generating a e'

micro'atts o po'er& enough to uel a

simple brain and light8seeing beha4iour in

co>ot855.


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R. Shanthini

(http://microbialfuelcell.org).
http://microbialfuelcell.org/http://microbialfuelcell.org/http://microbialfuelcell.org/


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R. Shanthini

"on4entional

Fuel "ells

+$drogen is the uel orProton %change

!embrane)P!* uel cells.

#t the anode&a platinum catal$st

causes the h$drogen

to split into

positi4e h$drogen ions

)protons* and

negati4el$ charged

electrons.


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R. Shanthini

3he Proton %change

!embrane )P!* allo's

onl$ the positi4el$ charged

h$drogen ions )protons* to

pass through it to thecathode.

3he negati4el$ charged

electrons must tra4el alongan e%ternal circuit to the

cathode& creating an

electrical current.

"on4entional

Fuel "ells


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R. Shanthini

#t the cathode&

the electrons and

positi4el$ chargedh$drogen ions

combine 'ith o%$gen

to orm 'ater&

'hich lo's out o the cell.

"on4entional

Fuel "ells


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R. Shanthini

Po'er is produced b$ an electrochemical process not

b$ combustion


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R. Shanthini

3he electrodes are composed o platinum particlesuniorml$ supported on carbon particles. 3he platinum

acts as a catal$st.

Pol$mer lectrol$te !embrane )Proton %change

!embrane* is a thin& solid& organic compound.+$drogen or the uel cell is produced rom ossil uel

at present )so ",2emissions are part o h$drogen

energ$*.

Po'er8plant8to8'heel eicienc$ o 22@ i the h$drogenis stored as high8pressure gas& and 17@ i it is stored as

liBuid h$drogen

+$drogen transportation and reuelling

"on4entional

Fuel "ells


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R. Shanthini

3echnological status Proton %change !embrane )P!*Fuel "ells*: commercial in nichemarets

Solid ,%ide Fuel "ells )S,F"*: maretentering phase in niche maretsC

Possible ad4erseeects

disposal o 'orn8out uel cells

"on4entional

Fuel "ells

m 06 p 03 microbial fuelcells

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