Construct Interactive Notes (last one of the year!)

• 5 pages of binder paper• On cover, write:

Chapter 14: Lymphatic and Immune Systems

Name, period, seat #• Number the pages

Lymphatic System (pg 2)

Lymphatic System (pg 2)

• Consists of lymphatic vessels and lymphoid organs

Lymphatic System (pg 2)

• Consists of lymphatic vessels and lymphoid organs

• Functions: returns excess interstitial fluid to the blood, absorbs fat and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive system, defends against disease by filtering out microorganisms

Lymph

• A fluid similar in composition to blood plasma

Lymph

• A fluid similar in composition to blood plasma• When blood passes through capillaries,

plasma leaks out, becoming interstitial (“between the cells”) fluid

Lymph

• A fluid similar in composition to blood plasma• When blood passes through capillaries,

plasma leaks out, becoming interstitial (“between the cells”) fluid

• This fluid needs to be returned to the blood or it will accumulate in the tissues, causing edema

Lymph

• A fluid similar in composition to blood plasma• When blood passes through capillaries, plasma

leaks out, becoming interstitial (“between the cells”) fluid

• This fluid needs to be returned to the blood or it will accumulate in the tissues, causing edema

• Once the interstitial fluid enters the lymph capillaries, it is called lymph

Lymphatic Vessels• Carry fluid only in one direction (away from

the tissues, toward the heart). Like veins, they have valves that prevent backflow.

Lymphatic Vessels• Carry fluid only in one direction (away from

the tissues, toward the heart). Like veins, they have valves that prevent backflow.

• Lymph capillaries: smallest lymphatic vessels.

Lymphatic Vessels• Carry fluid only in one direction (away from

the tissues, toward the heart). Like veins, they have valves that prevent backflow.

• Lymph capillaries: smallest lymphatic vessels. • Capillaries merge to form lymphatic vessels,

which merge into lymphatic trunks, which lead to the two lymphatic ducts

Lymphatic Vessels• Carry fluid only in one direction (away from

the tissues, toward the heart). Like veins, they have valves that prevent backflow.

• Lymph capillaries: smallest lymphatic vessels. • Capillaries merge to form lymphatic vessels,

which merge into lymphatic trunks, which lead to the two lymphatic ducts

• Right lymphatic duct drains the upper right quadrant of the body. Thoracic duct drains remaining ¾ of body.

Lymphatic Vessels• Carry fluid only in one direction (away from the

tissues, toward the heart). Like veins, they have valves that prevent backflow.

• Lymph capillaries: smallest lymphatic vessels. • Capillaries merge to form lymphatic vessels, which

merge into lymphatic trunks, which lead to the two lymphatic ducts

• Right lymphatic duct drains the upper right quadrant of the body. Thoracic duct drains remaining ¾ of body.

• Both ducts empty into the subclavian vein

Lymphatic Organs

1. Lymph nodes

Lymphatic Organs

1. Lymph nodes – small, bean shaped structures

Lymphatic Organs

1. Lymph nodes: – small, bean shaped structures– Widely distributed throughout the body along the

lymphatic pathways

Lymphatic Organs

1. Lymph nodes: – small, bean shaped structures– Widely distributed throughout the body along the

lymphatic pathways– Most numerous in the neck, armpit, and groin

Lymphatic Organs

1. Lymph nodes: – small, bean shaped structures– Widely distributed throughout the body along the

lymphatic pathways– Most numerous in the neck, armpit, and groin– Function: Filter the lymph

Lymphatic Organs

1. Lymph nodes: – small, bean shaped structures– Widely distributed throughout the body along the

lymphatic pathways– Most numerous in the neck, armpit, and groin– Function: Filter the lymph– Contain lymphocytes and macrophages, which

remove bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, and damaged cells

2. Tonsils

2. Tonsils–Clusters of lymphatic tissue

2. Tonsils–Clusters of lymphatic tissue–3 pairs of tonsils (pharyngeal, palatine, and

lingual)

2. Tonsils–Clusters of lymphatic tissue–3 pairs of tonsils (pharyngeal, palatine, and

lingual)–Contain lymphocytes and macrophages,

which destroy pathogens that enter through the nose or mouth

3. Spleen– Largest lymphatic organ

3. Spleen– Largest lymphatic organ–Curves around the left side of the stomach

3. Spleen– Largest lymphatic organ–Curves around the left side of the stomach– Filters the blood (in the same way the

lymph nodes filter the lymph)

3. Spleen– Largest lymphatic organ–Curves around the left side of the stomach– Filters the blood (in the same way the

lymph nodes filter the lymph)–Acts as a reservoir for blood

4. Thymus–Gland located behind the sternum

4. Thymus–Gland located behind the sternum– Involved in maturation of T-lymphocytes

4. Thymus–Gland located behind the sternum– Involved in maturation of T-lymphocytes–Produces the hormone thymosin

Diagram (pg 3)

• Label as a class