lubrication&cooling lec
TRANSCRIPT
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Engine Lubrication And Cooling
System
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Lubrication System Description
(1/2)
Camshaft timing oil control valve
Main oil gallery
Oil return hole
Oil pressure switch
Oil filter
Oil strainer
Oil pump
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Lubrication System Description
(2/2)
Main oil gallery
Oil filter
Oil cooler
Oil pump
Oil strainer
Crankshaftjournal
Connectingrod
Oil jet
Piston
Oil jet
Timingchain
Chaintensioner
Cylinder head
Camshaft timingoil control
valve filter
Intakecamshaft
journal
Exhaustcamshaft
journal
Camshaft timingoil control valve
VVT-icontroller
Oil pan
Oil flow circuit for 1NZ-FE engine
The oil cooler, outlined with a dotted line, basically is not used on the 1NZ-FE engine.Here is listed to understand the position of the oil cooler in the flow.
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Functions Of Lubricating Oil
Engine Lubricating oil performs the following functions:
Minimizes wear
Reduces friction and power loss
Removes heat Reduces engine noise
Forms a seal
Cleans
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Lubrication System Oil Pump
(1/1)
Drive roter
Driven roter
Relief valve
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Gear Pump
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Crescent Pump
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Rotor Pump
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Lubrication Of Cylinder
When a hole in the connecting rod aligns with a hole in the
crankpin, oil is sprayed onto the cylinder wall to lubricate
the piston and rings.
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Oil Coolers
Oil coolers are heat exchangers, in which heat in the oil is
transferred either to the engine coolant or to the atmosphere.
There are two designs of oil coolers:
1. Oil-to-Coolant Oil Coolers Oil and coolant flow through this type of cooler the two being separated by tubes or
baffles of some type. Oil through the oil gallery passes through the oil cooler before itenters the filter, so that oil leaving the filter has been both cooled and filtered. Thecooler has external connections for the coolant hoses that connect it to engines coolingsystem.
2. Oil-to-Air Oil Coolers
This type of oil cooler is similar to a radiator in that it has tubes and fins. Oil from thelubrication system is circulated through the cooler, and air is directed across the tubesand fins. In this way, heat is removed from the oil and is temperature is reduced. Thecooler is located in the engine compartment where it will get an adequate flow of air,usually near the radiator.
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Motor Oil Viscosity Grades
When you see a W on a viscosity rating it means that this oil viscosity has
been tested at a Colder temperature.
The numbers without the W are all tested at 210 F or 100 C which is
considered an approximation of engine operating temperature.
The difference is when the viscosity is tested at a much colder temperature.For example, a 5W-30 motor oil performs like a SAE 5 motor oil would
perform at the cold temperature specified, but still has the SAE 30 viscosity
at 210 F (100 C) which is engine operating temperature.
This allows the engine to get quick oil flow when it is started cold verses
dry running until lubricant either warms up sufficiently or is finally forcedthrough the engine oil system. The advantages of a low W viscosity number
is obvious. The quicker the oil flows cold, the less dry running. Less dry
running means much less engine wear.
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Motor Oil Viscosity Grades
This allows the engine to get quick oil flow when it is started cold verses
dry running until lubricant either warms up sufficiently or is finally forced
through the engine oil system. The advantages of a low W viscosity number
is obvious. The quicker the oil flows cold, the less dry running. Less dry
running means much less engine wear.
The SAE viscosity rating was based on how quickly a specific quantity of
motor oil flowed through a test orifice when heated to operating
temperature (100 C or 212 F).
Any oil that took from 5 to 14 seconds to flow would be SAE 10.
Oil that would take 15 to 24 seconds would be labeled as SAE 20. Oil that took 25 to 34 seconds would be SAE 30.
And so on until SAE 50.
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Lubrication System Oil Filter
(1/1)
Check valve
Element
Relief valve
Oil flow (in)
Oil flow (out)
Oil flow if the relief valve open
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Lubrication System Oil Pressure Warning Lamp
(1/1)
1.When the oil pressure is low[19.6 4.9 kPa (0.2 0.05kgf/cm2) or lower]/
2.When the oil pressure is high[19.6 4.9 kPa (0.2 0.05kgf/cm2) or higher]
Oil pressure warning lamp
Low engine oil level warning lamp
Oil pressure switch
Oil pressure(Normal)
ECU
Warning lamp
Oil temp. switch
Oil level sensorOil pan
Oil level(Normal)
Warning lamp
Oil
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Lubrication System Oil Pressure Warning Lamp
(1/1)
1.When the oil pressure is low[19.6 4.9 kPa (0.2 0.05kgf/cm2) or lower]/
2.When the oil pressure is high[19.6 4.9 kPa (0.2 0.05kgf/cm2) or higher]
Oil pressure warning lamp
Low engine oil level warning lamp
Warning lamp
Oil pressure switch
Oil pressure(Low)
ECU
Warning lamp
Oil temp. switch
Oil level sensorOil pan
Oil level(Low)
Oil
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Lubrication System Oil Cooler
(1/1)
Water bypass hose
Oil cooler
Oil filter
Engine coolant
Oil cooler
Oil filter
From Oil pump
to Main oil gallery
Relief valve
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Lubrication System Oil Consumption
(1/1)The gap between the cylinder and the pistonThe gap between the valve guide bushing and valve stem
Loss due to oil contained in blow-by gas
PCVvalve
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Cooling System
Main parts of the basic cooling system are
Radiator
Water Pump
Water Jackets
Radiator Hoses
Thermostat
Fan Coolant
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Cooling System
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Cooling System
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Cooling System
(1/1)
to Radiator
from Heater core
from Radiator
Bypass passage Cylinder head
Water pump
Thermostat
Cylinder blockThrottle body
Radiator
Heater core
to Heater coreto Throttle body
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Mechanisms For Heat Transfer
Heat is transferred by means of
Conduction
Convection Radiation
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Types of Radiators
There are two types of radiators
Cross flow radiators
Vertical flow radiators
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Vertical Flow Radiator
Radiators first used downward vertical flow, driven solely by a
thermosyphon effect.
Coolant is heated in the engine, becoming less dense and so rising, cooled,
denser coolant in the radiator falling in turn. This effect is sufficient for
low-power stationary engines, but inadequate for all but the earliest
automobiles.
A common fallacy is to assume that a greater vertical separation between
engine and radiator can increase the thermosyphon effect.
Once the hot and cold headers are separated sufficiently to reach their
equilibrium temperatures though, any further separation merely increasespipe work length and flow restriction.
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Vertical Flow Radiator
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Cross Flow Radiator
A cross flow radiator has a tank at each side.
They are radiators that have been turned on their side to reduce the overall
height.
The coolant flows horizontally.
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Working of Radiator
Typical Automotive Radiators are forced air-cooled cross-flow heat
exchangers.
At the hot side, the hot coolant is forced to flow downwards through thevertical tubes or from one side of the radiator core to another through the
horizontal tubes.
At the cold fluid side, atmospheric air is forced to flow across the fined
tubes to remove the heat from the coolant.
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Working of Radiator
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Cooling System Flow of Engine Coolant
(1/1)
1.Thermostat in water inlettype (With bypass valve)
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Cooling System Thermostat
(1/1)
With bypass valve Without bypass valve
Main valve
Cylinder
Bypass valveWax
Main valve
Jiggle valve
Jiggle valve
WaxCylinder
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Cooling System Water Pump
(1/1)
V-ribbed belt Bearing Mechanical seal
Cylinderblock
Swirl
chamber
Rotor
Water pump pully Water drain hole
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Cooling System Electric Motor-driven Cooling Fan
(1/2)
1.Outline
Cooling fan
Fan motor
Water temperature switch
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Cooling System Electric Motor-driven Cooling Fan
(2/2)
2.Operation
Fan relayIgnition switch
Coolanttemp. switch
Coolant temperature
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Cooling System Temperature-controlled Fluid Coupling
(1/2)
1.Overview
Pulley
Fluid coupling
Cooling fan
Air hot Air warm Air cold
Bimetal spring
Bimetal plate
Front operating chamber
Rear operating chamber
Silicone oil
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Cooling System Temperature-controlled Fluid Coupling
(2/2)
2.OperationWithout coupling
Fan
speed
Air hot
Air warm
Air cold
0
Air Temperature (HOT) during low speed drivingAir temperature (HOT) during high speed drivingAir temperature (WARM) during high speed driving
Air temperature (COLD) during high speed driving
Fluid coupling shaft speed
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Cooling SystemElectronically Controlled Hydraulic Cooling Fan System
(1/1)
Condenser
Radiator
Cooling fan
Hydraulicmotor
Solenoidvalve
Hydraulicpump
Reservoir
Oil cooler
Water pump. sensor signal,Air conditioner signal,Engine speed signal
ECU