Lubricants and SpecialtyProducts3rd EditionCanadaISBN: 2-921112-10-8Legal deposit - Bibliothèque nationale du Québec, 2004Legal deposit - National Library of Canada, 2004

www.Ultramar.ca

Ultramar LtdMontréal, Qc H3A 3L3This lubricant product book was produced by Ultramar’s lubricant division.

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The product digest is intended to provide brief and concise information on the technical properties and typical applications forUltramar lubricants and specialty products. The information contained in this product digest is current at the time ofpublication. Manufacturer’s specification and Ultramar’s typical product data may change at any time without prior notification.

Ultramar Ltd. also publishes Tech Data and Info Tech sheets, which contain more technical and general application infor-mation than the product digest. For health and safety information, consult the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) onthat particular product. Both the Tech Data and the Material Safety Data Sheets may be found on the Ultramar website1.

The properties shown for each product are typical test data. Typical test data are average production values and do not constitute a specification. Minor variations, which do not affect product performance, are to be expected during the normalproduction and manufacturing processes.

Some products and grades are available only on a special request order basis. For more information about Ultramarlubricants and specialty products, availability and pricing, contact your nearest Ultramar distributor or sales office.

1 www.ultramar.ca/lubricants/

INTRODUCTION

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TRADEMARKS

The symbol ® is used this product digest to indicate registered trademarks. The trademark symbol will appear on the shoul-der of the character, for example: Ultralube®.

The following are the trademarks of Ultramar Ltd.:

AlimarChampionExtremeHydraulikOdyssey XLDQuestSupremeUltralubeUltraflexUltraformUltrakoolUltrakutUltramaxUltraplexUltraQUADUltrarokUltrasticUltratrakUltrathermUltrawayUltra-Check

The product digest contains reference to the Trademarks of the following companies:

Dexron is a registered trademark of the General Motors Corporation.

Mercon is a registered trademark of the Ford Motor Company.

TC-W3 is a registered trademark of the National Marine Manufacturers Association.

Emgard is a registered trademark of the Cognis Corporation.

NSF Mark is a registered trademark of the NSF International.

Other products and company names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.

THE ULTRAMAR GUARANTEE

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TRADEMARKS AND THE ULTRAMAR GUARANTEE

Ultramar fully guarantees that if the product is used in accordance to OEM’s specifications & operating parameters andUltramar’s product defined usage, the customer will experience satisfactory lubricant service in the equipment.

Ultramar guarantees that all its lubricants are manufactured according to strict quality control standards and will givecomplete satisfaction provided that recommendations from the manufacturers and Ultramar are met.

Ultramar agrees to repair or replace any piece of equipment that is damaged due to a manufacturing defect of an Ultramarlubricant. It will be up to the buyer to demonstrate that the product is the sole and direct cause of such damage.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Automotive Lubricants

Engine Oils- Ultralube Supreme- Ultramar Extreme Synthetic- Ultramar Motor Oil- Ultramar Quest- Odyssey XLD- Ultralube Super Plus- Ultra Locomotive- Ultra 2-Cycle- Ultra Outboard- Ultra Snowmobile- Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile- UltraQUAD

Gear Oils- Ultra Gearlub- Ultramar Synthetic 75W-90

Transmission Oils- Ultralube ATF- Ultralube TO-4- Ultramar Synthetic SAE 50- Ultratrak- Emgard 2805 Synthetic ATF Heavy Duty

Industrial Oils

Hydraulic & Circulating Oils- Ultra Hydraulik AW- Ultra Hydraulik HVI- Champion Hydraulik AW- Ultra R&O- Ultra Turbine- Ultra Paper Machine Oil- Ultratherm

Gear Oils- Ultralube EP- Emgard Synthetic Industrial EP Gear

Compressor Oils- Ultrakool- Ultra Compressor- Emgard Synthetic Compressor

Other Industrial Oils- Ultraway- Ultrarok- Turbo Chain Oil- Ultrastic- Ultraform- Ultraflex

Greases- Ultraplex EP- Ultramax SB EP"- Ultra Lithium EP- Ultra Barium Moly- Ultra Alimar- Ultramar RC

Marine- Disola- Talusia

Specialty Products- Kerosene 1-K- Solvents- Ultra-Check

Reference Material

Notes

Product Name Page

Champion Hydraulik AW 20Emgard Synthetic Compressor 27Emgard Synthetic IND-EP Gear 25Kerosene 1-K 39Solvent 3139 39Turbo Chain Oil 31Ultra 2-Cycle 8Ultra Alimar 37Ultra Barium Moly 36Ultra Compressor 26Ultra Gearlub 12Ultra Hydraulik AW 18Ultra Hydraulik HVI 19Ultra Lithium EP & EP Moly 35Ultra Locomotive 8Ultra Outboard 9Ultra Paper Machine 22Ultra R & O 20Ultra Snowmobile 10Ultra Turbine 21Ultra-Check 40Ultraflex 34Utraform 32Ultrakool 26Ultrakut 31Ultralube ATF 13Ultralube EP 24Ultralube Super Plus 6Ultralube Supreme 1Ultralube TO-4 14Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Motor Oil 3Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile 10Ultramar Motor Oils 4Ultramar Odyssey XLD 15W-40 5Ultramar Odyssey XLD Synthetic 5W-40 5Ultramar Quest 4Ultramar RC 38Ultramar Synthetic SAE 75W-90 12Ultramar Synthetic SAE 50 15Ultramax SB 33Ultraplex EP 34Ultraplex Moly EP 34UltraQUAD 11Ultrarok 29Ultrastic 30Ultratherm 23Ultratrak 17Ultraway 29

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INDEX

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ULTRALUBE® SUPREME

Ultralube Supreme Motor oils are Ultramar’s most advanced premium quality passenger car motor oils. They aredesigned for year-round use in today’s high performance gasoline engines found in passenger cars, sport utility vehicles,light duty trucks and vans operating in a wide range of applications.

Ultralube Supreme Motor Oils are blended from exceptionally high quality paraffinic base oils and enhanced withadvanced additive technology to formulate a series of premium quality multi-grade motor oils which are guaranteed to pro-vide maximum wear protection and deposit control in gasoline engines operating under severe conditions.

- Excellent engine and emission system cleanliness - Outstanding protection against wear, rust and corrosion- Excellent protection against thermal breakdown- Excellent low temperature fluidity for easy cold weather starting - Low oil consumption- Exceeds manufacturer’s warranty requirements

Ultralube Supreme SAE 5W-20, 5W-30 and 10W-30 meet or exceed the API1 Service Classification SM, ILSAC GF-4 spec-ifications and Energy Conserving (EC) certification. Ultralube Supreme motor oils meet or exceed all manufacturer's war-ranty requirements for gasoline engines.

Ultralube Supreme can also be used where ILSAC GF-1, GF-2 or GF-3 motor oils are recommended. They are backwardcompatible and suitable for applications requiring API SH, SJ, and SL.

Ultralube Supreme 5W-20 Motor Oil is designed specifically to meet the demanding requirements of both Ford andHonda. This unique viscosity grade should only be used in vehicles that require a SAE 5W-20 viscosity grade.

Ultralube Supreme 5W-30 Motor Oil is recommended by the majority of the manufacturers for most of the late modelNorth American, Asian and Japanese vehicles, operating under all weather conditions. It is also preferred for use at very lowtemperatures to ensure adequate oil fluidity for cold starting and engine protection.

Ultralube Supreme 10W-30 Motor Oil is recommended for many older vehicles and a few late model cars and truckswhich are equipped with larger 6 and 8 cylinder engines. This grade offers improved fuel economy over heavier viscositygrades.

Ultralube Supreme 10W-40 and 20W-50 Motor Oils are designed for use in high performance engines in severe serviceconditions and high temperature operations. This would include operations such as towing heavy trailers at highway speedsor up inclines for long periods. They are also recommended for high performance engines, particularly engines foundEuropean vehicles.

Ulltralube Supreme Motor Oils have passed the JASO 9037 MA tests and may be used in four-stroke gasoline enginesused in motorcycles and power boat applications. All grades have been formulated for use in turbo-charged engines.

Always consult your owner’s manual for the correct viscosity grade.

1 API – American Petroleum Institute2 ILSAC – International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee

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ULTRALUBE® SUPREME

Properties Ultralube Supreme Motor Oil SAE Viscosity Grade 5W-20 5W-30 10W-30 10W-40 20W-50API Service Classification SM SM SM SL SLAPI Energy Conserving (EC) Pass Pass Pass SM SMILSAC Rating GF-4 GF-4 GF-4 - -Density, @ 15ºC, kg/l 0.858 0.860 0.877 0.876 0.886ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 47.0 65.0 70.0 97.0 160.9cSt @ 100 ºC 8.2 10.7 10.5 14.5 17.7Cold Cranking Viscosity (CCS)cP @ -15 ºC - - - - 7874cP @ -25 ºC - - 5960 6418 -cP @ -30 ºC 4825 5759 - - -Viscosity Index 157 155 138 152 120Pour Point, ºC -38 - 38 -36 -36 -27Borderline Pumping, ºC -35 - 35 -30 -25 -20

ULTRAMAR EXTREME® SYNTHETIC MOTOR OIL

Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Motor Oils are precision engineered synthetic lubricants guaranteed to provide the optimumin engine protection and performance in gasoline fuelled passenger cars, vans, SUVs and light duty trucks. They meet orexceed the latest API Service Classifications SM, ILSAC GF-4 specifications and Energy Conserving (EC) certification. Theyare designed to provide superior performance and year-round use in today’s high performance gasoline engines operatingover a wide range of temepratures and service conditions.

Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Motor Oils are a premium quality motor oil based on a blend of 100% synthetic base stocksand advanced performance additives for excellent cleanliness, thermal and oxidation stability, anti-wear protection andexceptional volatility control. They provide exceptional protection against lubricant breakdown due to thermal stress andhave outstanding low temperature flow properties.

Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Motor Oils are available in the viscosity grades SAE 5W-30 and 10W-30. They exceed allspecifications for gasoline engines and can also be recommended for vehicles operating on Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) andCompressed Natural Gas (CNG). They can also be used in light duty diesel engines requiring a SAE 5W-30 or 10W-30 APICF engine oil.

Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Motor Oils meet or exceed the performance and warranty requirements of the majority ofNorth American, Asian and Japanese automotive manufacturers.

Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Motor Oils can also be used where ILSAC GF-1, GF-2 or GF-3 motor oils are recommend-ed. They are backward compatible and suitable for applications requiring API SH, SJ, and SL.

Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Motor Oils are fully compatible with conventional and synthetic crankcase motor oils.However, mixing of conventional petroleum based engine oils with Ultramar Extreme Synthetic will dilute its performancebenefits..

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Properties Ultramar Extreme SyntheticSAE Viscosity Grade 5W-30 10W-30API Service Classification SM / CF SM / CFILSAC Rating GF - 4 GF - 4API Energy Conserving (EC) Pass PassDensity @ 15ºC, kg/L 0.855 0.858Pour Point, ºC -39 - 33Viscosity

cSt @ 40 ºC 57.0 65.0cSt @ 100 ºC 10.5 10.6

Viscosity Index 168 153Cold Cranking Viscosity

cP @ -25 ºC - 4,585cP @ -30 ºC 4,900 -

Low Temperature Pumping Viscosity@ -30 ºC, cP - 10,569@ -35 ºC, cP 14,800 -

ULTRAMAR MOTOR OILS

Ultramar Motor Oils are high quality engine oils formulated for gasoline powered engines used in passenger cars, vans,light duty trucks and sport utility vehicles (SUVs). They are specially formulated for use in turbocharged engines. UltramarMotor Oils are available in two grades: SAE 5W-30 and 10W-30.

Ultramar Motor Oils are formulated with superior quality base stocks, shear stable viscosity index improver, and containpotent detergent & dispersant additives, as well as wear control, anti-oxidant, corrosion inhibitors, and foam suppressants.

Ultramar Motor Oils 5W-30 and 10W-30 grades meet or exceed the requirements for ILSAC GF-4 and API SMperformance specifications. They are recommended for use in most late model North American and imported vehicles foryear-round use. They are engineered to provide optimum performance over a wide variety of operating conditions, such asintermittent or continuous operation for extended periods.

Ultramar 5W-30 is recommended for use at low temperatures involving cold starting. It offers optimal performance for wearprotection, fuel economy, and reduced oil consumption. This is the preferred grade for late model four and small six-cylindergasoline engines.

Ultramar 10W-30 is recommended for use in older, higher mileage cars, light duty trucks or turbo-charged engines,especially the larger six-cylinder and V-8 engines.

Ultramar Motor Oils 5W-30 and 10W-30 can also be used where ILSAC GF-1, GF-2 or GF-3 is recommended. They arealso suitable for applications requiring API SH and SJ. In addition to engines using gasoline, they may be used in engineswhich use propane or natural gas as a fuel source.

For applications requiring premium quality motor oils, use API SM or ILSAC GF-4 rated motor oils, use Ultralube Supremeor Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Motor Oils.

Always consult your owner’s manual for the correct viscosity choice.

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Property Ultramar Motor OilSAE Viscosity Grade 5W-30 10W-30API Service Classification SM SMAPI Energy Conserving (EC) Pass PassILSAC Rating GF-4 GF-4Density, @ 15ºC, kg/l 0.861 0.877ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 65.0 70.0cSt @ 100 ºC 10.7 10.5Cold Cranking Viscosity (CCS)cP @ -25 ºC - 6000cP @ -30 ºC 5960 -Viscosity Index 155 138Borderline Pumping ºC -38 -36Pour Point, ºC -42 -39

ULTRAMAR QUEST™ 15W-40

Ultramar Quest 15W-40, a premium heavy duty diesel engine oil that exceeds the requirements of API CJ-4 servicecategory and is suitable for use in 2007 EPA compliant low emission engines which use Ultra Low Sulphur Diesel (ULSD)as a fuel source and are equipped with advanced exhaust after-treatment technology such as diesel particulate filters (DPF).

Ultramar Quest 15W-40 is formulated using the most advanced additive technology specifically designed to meet thelatest demands of EGR engines, while at the same time providing the highest level of performance in conventional enginesand other technologies like Caterpillar ACERT™.

Ultramar Quest 15W-40 is designed for severe diesel and gasoline engine service. It meets or exceeds the latestperformance requirements of ACEA E7, Caterpillar ECF-3, Cummins CES 20081, Detroit Diesel Power Guard 93K218,Mack EO-O Premium Plus 07, and Volvo VDS-4. It is suitable for use in commercial gasoline engines requiring API SM,SL, SJ or SH performance categories.

Ultramar Quest 15W-40 is back-serviceable and will provide added performance benefits for pre-2007 diesel engineswhere API CI-4 PLUS, CI-4 and CH-4 performance category is recommended.

Ultramar Quest 15W-40 has the performance capability to extend oil drain intervals when properly used and monitoredby use of an oil analysis program, such as Ultra-Check. The original equipment manufacturer (OEM) published ODIinformation and recommendations should be followed. The decision to extend the oil drain interval should be based oncareful consideration of the equipment vocation and service severity.

Property Ultramar QuestSAE Viscosity Grade 15W-40API Service Classification CJ-4/SMDensity @ 15 °C 0.8795ViscositycSt @ 40 °C 120cSt @ 100 °C 15.5Viscosity Index 137Cold Cranking ViscositycP @ -20 °C 6523Borderline Pumping ViscositycP @ -25 °C 20.000Flash Point, °C 223Pour Point, °C -36Sulphated Ash, % wt 1.0Total Base Number (TBN)

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ULTRAMAR ODYSSEY® XLD

Odyssey XLD are premium engine oils designed specifically for heavy-duty diesel and commercial gasoline enginesoperating under severe service conditions. They are engineered to provide optimum engine durability and protection againstcombustion and wear contaminants, excellent thermal stability, and excellent soot and deposit control capabilities requiredfor maintaining engine cleanliness.

Odyssey XLD heavy duty engine oils exceed the tougher performance standards of the API CI-4 PLUS service classifica-tion, which addresses the oil requirements of modern electronically controlled, low emission engines. They also meet theAPI SL service requirements for gasoline engines.

Odyssey XLD engine oils meet or exceed the performance requirements of virtually all 4-stroke cycle diesel enginemanufacturers. They are approved as Mack EO-N Premium Plus, Cummins CES 20078 & 20076 and Volvo VDS-2 & 3, DDCPower Guard 93K214 and CAT ECF-1 in the appropriate grade.

Odyssey XLD 15W-40 is Ultramar’s primary recommendation for heavy-duty diesel and commercial gasoline engines inthe trucking, construction, and resource applications for improved engine durability and longer service life. Its uniqueformulation provides outstanding protection in older and new engine design using low sulphur fuels. It is unsurpassed in sootdispersancy, wear protection, and sludge control. This feature protects and guards against loss of engine life and helpsreduce fuel and oil consumption.

Odyssey XLD Synthetic 5W-40 is a premium all-season, heavy-duty diesel and commercial gasoline engine oil devel-oped to meet the requirements of North America driving. It is formulated to provide exceptional performance particularly overa wide range of operating conditions and extreme temperatures. In addition to the exceptional performance and protectionbenefits, it offers enhanced fuel economy potential over conventional 15W-40 engine oils.

Odyssey XLD Synthetic 5W-40 has excellent low temperature fluidity for fast start-up, lubrication of critical enginecomponents without sacrificing high temperature performance. This feature allows the engine to be shut down withconfidence of restart in sub-zero arctic type temperatures. No more unnecessary idling time and fuel consumption.

Odyssey XLD engine oils have the performance capability to extend oil drain intervals (ODI) when properly monitored byregular oil analysis programs, such as Ultra-Check. The original equipment manufacturer (OEM) published ODI informationand recommendations should be followed. The decision to extend the oil drain interval should be based on carefulconsideration of the equipment vocation and service severity.

Odyssey Property XLD Synthetic Odyssey XLDSAE Viscosity Grade 5W-40 15W-40API Service Classification CI-4 PLUS /SL CI-4 PLUS / SLDensity @ 15 ºC, kg/L 0.868 0.8780ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 89.5 120.2cst @ 100 ºC 15.0 15.8Viscosity Index 176 140Flash Point, ºC 224 225Pour Point, ºC -42 -33Cold Crank Simulator cP @ -20 ºC - 6,510cP @ -30 ºC 6,300 -Borderline Pumping Temperature, ºC -35 -30Sulphated Ash % wt 1.40 1.10TBN 10.0 9.9

ULTRALUBE® SUPER PLUS

Ultralube Super Plus engine oils are performance proven, heavy duty premium crankcase lubricants formulatedspecifically for commercial diesel and gasoline fleets operating under moderate and severe service. They also provide excel-lent results in propane and compressed natural gas (CNG) engines. Ultralube Super Plus engine oils are blended frompremium quality base stocks and formulated with advanced additive technology.

Ultralube Super Plus 15W-40 and 10W-30 are recommended for engines operating on highways and a wide varietyof off-road applications such as mining, forestry, construction, and marine. They provide outstanding benefits forengines equipped with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) as well as non-EGR engines.

“Ultralube Super Plus Arctic 0W-30 is a synthetic blend which is specifically formulated to meet the rigorous cold temperature demands of the Canadian winters.

Ultralube Super Plus, in the appropriate SAE grades, meet the majority of OEM’s specifications and warranty require-ments: Caterpillar (ECF-1), Cummins (CES 20078, 20076, 20071), Mack (EO-M Plus), Detroit Diesel, Navistar, Allis-Chalmers, J.I. Case, GMC, Volvo (VDS-2, VDS), Deutz, Hino, Komatsu, John Deere

Ultralube Super Plus, in the appropriate SAE grades, can be utilized when C-4 fluids are recommended, depending onthe temperature requirements, for transmissions and torque converters.

Ultralube Super Plus 10W and 20W-20 can be used as hydraulic fluids for mobile equipment, where motor oil isspecified.

Ultralube Super Plus 30 and 40 grades are suitable for use in the following high-speed marine diesel engines (operatingon a diesel fuel <1.0% sulfur content): Allis-Chalmers, B&W, Caterfpillar, Cummins, Detroit Diesel, Deutz, Fairbanks-Morse,Ford, Lister, Mitsubishi, MAN, MTU, Nohab, Paxman, Perkins, Ruston, Volvo, Wartisilla

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Properties Ultralube Super Plus MonogradesSAE Viscosity Grade 10W 20W 30 40 50API Service Categories CF CF CF-2, CF CF-2, CF CF-2, CFDensity @ 15 ° C, Kg/l 0.8749 0.8785 0.8846 0.8875 0.8917Viscosity

cSt @ 40 °C 38.5 61.7 97.7 142.1 216.5cSt @ 100 °C 6.3 8.6 11.5 14.6 19.1

Cold Cranking Viscosity cP @ ° C 5328 3145@ -25 @ -15 - - -

Viscosity Index 113 110 106 101 99Flash Point ° C 215 233 229 249 271Pour Point ° C -39 -33 -30 -27 -24Borderline Pumping ° C -30 -20 - - -Sulphated Ash, % wt 0.965 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74Total Base Number (TBN) mg KOH/g 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0

Properties Ultralube Super Plus MultigradesSAE Viscosity Grade 15W-40 10W-30 Arctic 0W-30API Diesel Service Categories CI-4 PLUS, CI-4, CH-4 CI-4, CH-4 CH-4API Gasoline Service Category SL SL SJDensity @ 15 ° C, Kg/l 0.8779 0.8698 0.8846Viscosity

cSt @ 40 °C 118.0 79.3 64.7cSt @ 100 °C 15.7 12.0 11.8

Cold Cranking Viscosity cP @ ° C 6279 @ -20 6474 @ -25 5765 @ -35Viscosity Index 140 145 182Flash Point ° C 220 218 220Pour Point ° C -42 -36 -45Borderline Pumping ° C -25 -30 - 40Sulphated Ash, % wt 1.1 1.1 1.2Total Base Number (TBN) mg KOH/g 9.7 9.7 9.0

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ULTRA LOCOMOTIVE

Ultra Locomotive oils are premium quality, high alkalinity crankcase oils, that are manufactured from superior quality basestocks, combiner with a unique additive system ensuring excellent detergency and zinc-free formulation to make it the choicefor today’s railroads. They are suitable for use in marine and industrial power applications where zinc-free oils are required.

Ultra Locomotive oils incorporate the most recent chlorine-free additive chemistry. This technology provides improvedoxidation resistance, wear protection, and deposit control as well as superior TBN (Total Base Number) retention.

Ultra Locomotive oils meet or exceed the following requirements:- EMD Oxidation/Corrosion Test- G.E. Oxidation Test- Union Pacific Oxidation Test- Caterpillar Micro Oxidation Test- API CD and CF

Properties Ultra LocomotiveGrade 4013 4017Viscosity cSt @ 40 ºC 144 146cSt @ 100 ºC 14.6 14.6Viscosity Index 100 101Flash Point, ºC min 274 273Pour Point, ºC -27 -28Sulphated Residue, % mass 1.45 1.82TBN, mg/KOH/g 13 17

ULTRA 2-CYCLE

Ultra 2-Cycle Oil is a general-purpose low ash two-cycle oil formulated for a wide variety of air-cooled two-stroke engines.

Ultra 2-Cycle Oil is recommended for use in air cooled engines, such as lawn mowers, weed trimmers, motorcycles, chainsaws, snow-blowers, generators and other small engines where there is a requirement for oil to fuel ratios of 50:1. It can beused for pre-mix or lube injection systems.

Ultra 2-Cycle Oil has been formulated to respond to the increased demands of equipment manufacturers and to exceedthe requirements of API TC service classification for high performance two-cycle engines. It provides enhanced lubricity,minimizes piston deposits, and reduces spark plug fouling and pre-ignition.

Ultra 2-Cycle also exceeds the SAE Grade 4 Fluidity/Miscibility requirements, which ensures easy mixing and the abilityto be used in injection systems at temperatures down to -40ºC.

Properties Ultra 2-CycleAPI Rating TCSAE Fluid / Miscibility Grade FM 4Colour BlueDensity @ 15 ºC, kg/L 0.8640Pour Point, ºC -47Flash Point, ºC, COC 110Viscosity, cSt @ 40 ºC 21.2cSt @ 100 ºC 4.53Sulphated Ash, % mass 0.06

ULTRA OUTBOARD

Ultra Outboard Motor Oil is designed to meet all outboard engine manufacturers performance requirements for both pre-mix and direct oil injection systems in all two-cycle water cooled engines. Ultra Outboard Motor Oil meets andexceeds the TC-W3 performance standard issued by the NMMA (National Marine Manufacturers Association) to improveoutboard engine life.

This standard was designed to increase the quality of lubricants available to the industry and the public. This standard ofquality provides longer, trouble-free engine life by offering a vastly improved lubricity and anti-scuffing protection over for-mer TC-W II specification. In addition, superior dispersants ensure peak engine performance by keeping pistons clean andfree of deposits.

Ultra Outboard Motor Oil was formulated not only to meet this demanding performance standard but go beyond. Italsomeets the latest JASO FC smoke emission standard which means that exhaust smoke is reduced by up to 85 %.Lowersmoke, combined with low odour engine exhaust, responds to the environmental concerns shared by all boat-ing enthusiasts,whether recreational or avid. Ultra Outboard Motor Oil provides the ultimate in protection and per-formance in allwater-cooled, two cycle outboard engines.

Ultra Outboard Motor Oil can be recommended with confidence for use in engines manufactured by:- Bombardier (OMC, Johnson and Evinrude)- Mercury Marine- Yamaha- Suzuki- Nissan

Ultra Outboard Motor Oil is fully compatible with other TC-W3 and TC-WII lubricants to eliminate any risk of operatingmishaps.

Properties Ultra Outboard Motor OilNMMA Rating TC-W 3API Rating TCSAE Fluidity/Miscibility Grade FM-4JASO Smoke Emission FCDensity @ 15 ºC, kg/L 0.862Colour BluePour Point, ºC -48Flash Point, ºC 75ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 29,6cSt @ 100 ºC 6.2Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ -40 ºC 11046Neutralization Value TBN, mg KOH/gm 7,4

ULTRA SNOWMOBILE

Ultra Snowmobile Oil is specially formulated to provide superior engine protection in all two-cycle snowmobile engines. Thisunique ashless formulation not only exceeds the requirements of the TC-W3 standard but also meets the America PetroleumInstitute (API) TC, and the JASO FB as well as the JASO FC smoke emission standard. Meeting the JASO FC smoke standardmeans that exhaust smoke is reduced by up to 85 %. Lower smoke, combined with low odour engine exhaust are better for theenvironment and also means a more enjoyable snowmobile ride.

Ultra Snowmobile Oil is specifically designed to meet or exceed the requirements of all major snowmobile manufacturers,including the newer design direct injection two cycle engines. It is formulated with most advanced additive chemistry to preventplug fouling and preignition, improved lubricity and scuffing performance, and minimize deposit formation.

Ultra Snowmobile Oil is specially formulated to have a pour point of -48ºC. The most severe low temperature industry standardis the SAE Category FM-4 fluidity and miscibility tests which are conducted at -40ºC. Ultra Snowmobile Oil exceeds theCategory 4 temperature standard. This allows the oil to continue to flow, and in the case of pre-mix applications mix easily, attemperatures below -40ºC.

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ULTRA SNOWMOBILE

Ultra Snowmobile Oil is formulated with the most advanced additive chemistry available to prevent plug fouling and,improved lubricityand scuffing performance, and minimize deposit formation. It is specially formulated to have a pour pointof -48ºC. The most severe low temperature industry standard is the SAE Category FM-4 fluidity and miscibility tests whichare conducted at -40ºC. Ultra Snowmobile Oil exceeds the Category 4 temperature standard. This allows the oil to contin-ue to flow, and in the case of pre-mix applications mix easily, at temperatures below -40ºC.

Ultramar guarantees Ultra Snowmobile Motor Oil will meet or exceed the requirements of all major snowmobile enginemanufacturers and provide the same performance level demanded by the OEMs’ branded oils.

Ultra Snowmobile Motor Oil can be recommended with confidence for use in engines manufactured by Arctic Cat,Bombardier, Polaris, and Yamaha.

Ultramar Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile Oil is recommended for outstanding performance in high output engines withvariable exhaust systems such as RAVE™ and under racing conditions.

Properties Ultra Snowmobile API Rating TCSAE Fluidity/Miscibility Category FM-4JASO Smoke Emission FCDensity @ 15 ºC, kg/L 0.862Colour BluePour Point, ºC -48Flash Point, ºC minimum 75ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 29,6cSt @ 100 ºC 6,2Brookfield Viscosity cP @ -40 ºC 11,046Neutralization Value TBN, mg KOH/gm 7,4

EXTREME® SYNTHETIC SNOWMOBILE

Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile Oil is specially formulated to deliver premium engine protection and performancerequired by today’s highest performance two-stroke snowmobile engines. It may be used in both oil-injected as well as pre-mixed gasoline/oil lubricated engines.

Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile Oil is designed to exceed the highest requirements of snowmobile manufacturers,including API TC, ISO E-GD and JASO FC standards. It is engineered to provide unsurpassed performance even under theharshest operating conditions (high outputs / high temperatures – especially those using variable exhaust systems such asRAVE™).

Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile Oil combines superior synthetic fluids and premium performance additive technology toprovide outstanding engine cleanliness in the piston and exhaust valve areas, excellent wear protection at high temperatures.

Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile Oil is formulated with the environment in mind. It exceeds the JASO FC smoke standardto such a level, that after warm-up, visible exhaust smoke is virtually eliminated. This characteristic combined with an evenlower engine exhaust odour is better for the environment and also means a more enjoyable snowmobile ride.

Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile Oil is specially formulated to have an exceptional pour point of -57ºC. The most severelow temperature industry standard is the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Category 4 tests for fluidity and miscibility.These tests are conducted at -40ºC. Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile Oil exceeds the Category 4 temperature standard. Thisensures that the oil continues to pump and flow and in the case of pre-mix applications mix easily, at temperatures below -40ºC.

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EXTREME® SYNTHETIC SNOWMOBILE

Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile Oil is specifically designed to meet or exceed the requirements of all major snowmobilemanufacturers, including Arctic Cat, Bombardier, Polaris and Yamaha

Properties Extreme Synthetic SnowmobileDensity @ 15ºC, kg/L 0.879Colour Golden AmberFlash Point , ºC minimum 90Pour Point, ºC -57Viscosity cSt @ 40ºC 61.0cSt @ 100ºC 10,0Brookfield Viscosity, cP @ -40 ºC 37,400TBN 1.3

ULTRAQUAD ATV ENGINE OIL

If you're into power sports and you demand the best for your all terrain vehicles, Then UltraQUAD ATV engine oil is the rightlubricant for you.

Ultramar selected the highest quality base stocks and created an additive package specifically designed for the uniquerequirements of the new generation ATV four-stroke engines. UltraQUAD ATV oil offers superior shear resistance, viscosi-tystability, and cleanliness to protect your four-stroke engine from tough operating stresses.

Why worry about lubrication, have fun on the trail knowing the UltraQUAD ATV is on the job protecting vital engine compo-nents.

UltraQUAD ATV SAE 10W-40 oil is recommended for use in the majority of OEM's four-stroke engines (i.e.Honda,Yamaha, Suzuki, and Kawasaki). For other four-stroke engines, consult your manufacturer owner's or mainte-nance manualsfor specific recommendations.

Properties UltraQUAD ATVSAE Grade 10W-40Density @ 15ºC, kg/l 0.8760Pour Point, ºC - 39Flash Point, ºC 237Viscosity, cSt @ 40ºC 96.2Viscosity Index 155Minimum Fluidity Temperature, ºC - 33

ULTRA GEARLUB

Ultra Gearlub oils are premium multi-grade automotive gear oils which provide excellent year-round performance in allconditions, especially the severe Canadian winter temperatures. They are formulated to meet or exceed the currentperformance standards: API MT-1, API GL-5, SAE J2360, MIL-PRF-2105E and Mack GO-J.

Ultra Gearlub oils are designed for service in most manual transmissions, differentials, power take-off units and final drivesin a wide variety of heavily loaded on-highway and off-highway vehicles. They are also designed to provide excellentperformance in the drive-train of passenger vehicles. Ultra Gearlub oils are recommended for the lubrication of hypoid, spur,bevel, helical, spiral-bevel, and worm gears in differentials, transmissions, final drives, transfer cases, and steeringmechanisms. They are formulated from a blend of premium base stocks, a shear resistant viscosity index improver and athermally stable, sulphur-phosphorous additive which provides the extra measure of protection required under highspeed/low torque, low speed/high torque, and high speed/shock load conditions.

AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS

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ULTRA GEARLUB

Ultra Gearlub 80W-90 is a premier multi-purpose, all-season, multi-grade gear oil designed to meet or exceed the lubricantrequirements of the Original Equipment Manufacturers' (OEM) specifications for equipment operating under today'sincreased loads and temperatures.

Ultra Gearlub 75W-90 SB oil is a blend of premium base stocks and Poly Alpha-Olefin (PAO) synthetic fluid specificallydesigned and recommended for low temperatures of the Canadian winter (Arctic type service), in accordance with themanufacturers' viscosity recommendations.

Ultra Gearlub 85W-140 is recommended for high temperature heavy-duty applications typically associated with off-highway equipment.

Ultra Gearlub oils may also be used for certain industrial gear reducer applications where the manufacturer specifies APIGL-4 and GL-5 quality products.

For equipment operating under extended warranty programs, fully synthetic lubricants such as Ultramar Synthetic 75W-90 and 80W-140 are recommended.

Properties Ultra Gearlub75W-90 SB 80W-90 85W-140

Density @ 15ºC, kg/l 0.8870 0.8872 0.9007Flash Point, ºC 195 218 228Pour Point, ºC -42 -27 -9Viscosity Index 195 110 103ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 109.6 150.1 338.5cSt @ 100 ºC 19.2 16.1 25.7Brookfield Viscositycp @ - 12 ºC - - 83,000cp @ - 26 ºC - 128,000 -cp @ - 40 ºC 92,000 - -Operating Range, ºC -40 to 35 -26 to 35 -12 to 40

ULTRAMAR SYNTHETIC 75W-90 AUTOMOTIVE GEAR OIL

Ultramar Synthetic 75W-90 is a heavy-duty extreme pressure automotive gear lubricant approved for Eaton-Fuller andMeritor extended warranty programs. It is manufactured using a 100% synthetic base stock, which has a high viscosity indexand exceptionally low pour point. The fluid contain extreme pressure additives, as well as rust, oxidation and corrosioninhibitors to protect gears and bearings operated under a wide variety of load conditions. The high and low temperatureperformance of the product exceeds those of conventional SAE 75W-90, 80W-90, and 90 hypoid gear lubricants.

Ultramar Synthetic 75W-90 is recommended for the following applications:- Severe service automotive gear applications- Differentials, heavy duty axles, transfer cases, manual transmissions in trucks, farm equipment, automobiles and

heavy duty construction equipment- Industrial gear applications requiring wide temperature capabilities in either the ISO 100 or 150 grades

Ultramar Synthetic 75W-90 automotive gear lubricant meets or exceeds all performance requirements for:- API Classification GL-5 & MT-1- Eaton Axle Division PS-037, PS-163, PS-109- Mack truck GO-J PLUS- Meritor O-76-E/N - Navistar TMS 6816- MIL-PRF-2105E QPL MG-2357 - Dana Corporation, Axle Division- Eaton Extended Warranty Coverage

ULTRAMAR SYNTHETIC 75W-90 AUTOMOTIVE GEAR OIL

Properties Ultramar SyntheticSAE Grade 75W-90AGMA Grade 3-4 EPDensity, kg/L, 15ºC 0.903Viscosity, cSt@ 40 ºC 126.0@ 100 ºC 17.3Viscosity, cP@ -18 ºC 7,125@ -26 ºC 145,000@ -40 ºCViscosity Index 151Channel Point, ºC < -51.1Pour Point, ºC < -50.0Flash Point, ºC 204FZG, stage, pass 12Timken OK Load, kg 50

ULTRALUBE® ATF

Ultralube ATF is a premium transmission fluid recommended for automatic, powershift, and hydrostatic transmissionsused on most vehicles previously serviceable by Dexron III - Mercon products. Ultralube ATF provides excellent per-formance when used as a hydraulic fluid in mobile equipment where an ISO 32 viscosity grade is specified. It can beused in applications such as compressors, pumps, and air-line lubricators where a light viscosity oil is required.

Ultralube ATF is blended from premium quality base stocks and formulated with advanced additive technology whichprovides outstanding performance and extended service life.

Ultralube ATF will, under the most severe operating conditions:- maintain its frictional control characteristics for smooth shift action and prevent shudder- retain low temperature fluidity and high temperature stability for extended operating periods- protect automatic transmission fluid coolers from corrosion- reduce costly transmission overhauls due to sludge, corrosion, wear of clutches, bands and gears

Ultralube ATF is dyed bright red to distinguish transmission fluids for leak detection. This is a particularly useful fea-ture in hydraulic applications for identification of leaks and reduction of fluid losses.

Ultralube ATF may be used in automatic transmissions where General Motors formerly recommended a fluid meetingthe former specifications Dexron® IIIH, Dexron® IIIG, Dexron® IIE, and Dexron® II specifications.

Ultralube ATF may be used in automatic transmissions where Ford formerly recommended Mercon®, Ford Type CJ(M2C-183CJ), and Ford Type H (M2C-166H).

Ultralube ATF may also be used in applications where the following specifications are recommended:- Allison C-4, C-3- Caterpillar TO-2- Clark Powershift Transmissions- Mercedes Benz 236.1- Renke, Voith & ZF transmissions- Hydraulic systems manufactured by Vickers, Hagglunds-Denison, Racine, Rexnord and Sunstrand- Hydraulc system - Vickers, Hagglunds-Denison, Racine, Rexnord and Sunstrand

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AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS

ULTRALUBE® ATF

Ultralube ATF is NOT recommended for automatic transmissions manufacturered in 2006 and later where GeneralMotors recommends the use of a Dexron® VI fluid.

Ultralube ATF is NOT recommended for automatic transmissions manufactured after 1996 where Ford only recom-mends the use of Mercon® V or Mercon® SP fluids. Ultralube Multi-Vehicle ATF recommended for these applications.

Ultralube ATF is NOT recommended for Ford transmissions manufactured before 1977 that require "Type F"Automatic Transmission Fluid.

Ultralube ATF is NOT recommended for Chrysler transmissions manufactured after 1996 which require ATF +4®automatic transmission fluid. Ultralube Multi-Vehicle ATF recommended for these applications.

Properties Ultralube ATFDensity, @ 15ºC, kg/L 0.8697Colour RedViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 35.0cSt @ 100 ºC 7.2Viscosity, BrookfieldcP @ - 20 ºC 1,420cP @ - 30 ºC 4,580cP @ - 40 ºC 18,730Viscosity Index 174Flash Point ,ºC 220Pour Point, ºC -45

ULTRALUBE® TO-4 TRANSMISSION/DRIVE TRAIN OILS

Ultralube TO-4 fluids are designed for widespread application in Caterpillar off-highway vehicles in the resource andconstruction industry. They have been formulated to meet and exceed the Caterpillar TO-4 specification, as well as AllisonC-4 requirements. They can be used where TO-2 fluids are recommended and also in other OEM equipment including Caseand Komatsu.

Ultralube TO-4 fluids are recommended for use in Caterpillar transmissions, final drives, wet brakes, Allsion Power-Shifttransmission, torque converters, clutch mechanisms and hydraulic systems requiring a fluid meeting Allison C-4 or Cat TO-2 requirements.

Ultralube TO-4 fluids are designed for both new and older model drive train components. They are compatible with newand traditional seal and clutch materials.

Ultralube TO-4 fluids are not recommended for use in combined farm tractor hydraulic and transmission systems wherelow brake chatter is a requirement. They are not to be used as engine oils.

Applications - Recommended Ultralube TO-4Operating Ranges (Ambient Temperatures) 10W 30 50Hydrostatic Transmission -20 to 40 ºC - -Hydraulic Systems -20 to 40 ºC 10 to 50 ºC -Power-shift Transmission -20 to 10 ºC -15 to 35 ºC -5 to 50 ºCFinal Drives / Gear Boxes -30 to 0 ºC -25 to 25 ºC -15 to 50 ºC

AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS

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ULTRALUBE® TO-4 TRANSMISSION/DRIVE TRAIN OILS

Properties Ultralube TO-410W 30 50

Density @ 15 ºC 0.880 0.888 0.897ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 38.1 103.0 219.0cSt @ 100 ºC 6.2 11.7 19.3Viscosity Index 109 100 100Brookfield ViscositycP @ -15 ºC - - 43,180cP @ -25 ºC - 97,961 -cP @ -35 ºC 77,781 - -Low Temperature Pumpability ºC -35 -25 -18Flash Point, ºC 228 248 266Pour Point, ºC -39 -27 -21

ULTRAMAR SYNTHETIC SAE 50 MANUAL TRANSMISSION FLUID

Ultramar Synthetic SAE 50 transmission lubricant is a specially formulated synthetic lubricant designed for extended drainand severe service in heavy-duty manual transmissions, which require a non-EP gear or transmission fluid. It is fully qualifiedfor Eaton-Fuller and Meritor extended warranty programs.

Formulated from a synthetic base stock with a high viscosity index and low pour point, Ultramar Synthetic SAE 50lubricant provides superior all-climate, year-round performance. It also contains an anti-wear additive as well as rust,oxidation and corrosion inhibitors that protect bearings and synchronisers, reduce component wear and promote longertransmission and lubricant life.

In addition, the high viscosity index, low pour point and sub-zero fluid flow provide for easier cold weather shifting, less dragand less gear wear because vital transmission parts are lubricated quickly. Since it is highly stable when exposed to severeheat, oxidation and shear conditions, it provides exceptional high temperature lubrication for extended drain intervals. Thesuperior all-season lubricating properties mean less friction and drag in the transmission, resulting in a potential for fueleconomy. These benefits translate directly into reduced maintenance and replacement parts cost and less downtime.

Ultramar Synthetic SAE 50 transmission lubricant meets the API GL-1 service classification for non-EP lubricants formanual transmissions. It is recommended for extended drain intervals in severe service in manual transmissions andtransfer cases of trucks and resource industry equipment.

Ultramar Synthetic SAE 50 transmission fluid provides:- All-climate, year-round performance- Improved component protection- Extended drain interval- Potential for fuel economy- Extended warranty coverage at Eaton Corporation PS-081 250,000 mile (400,000 km) drain for transmission and

PS-164 500,000 mile (800,000 km) drain for transmission Meritor O-81- Navistar TMS 6816- Mack TO-A-PLUS

AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS

ULTRAMAR SYNTHETIC SAE 50 MANUAL TRANSMISSION FLUID

Properties Ultramar Synthetic SAE 50Viscosity,cSt @ 40ºC 135cSt @ 100ºC 18.2Viscosity Index 151Pour Point, ºC < - 40Flash Point, ºC 225Density, Kg/ L @ 15ºC 0.916Copper strip corrosion, 3 hours @ 100ºC 1aFoam Test, sequence I, II, III PassFZG, stage, pass 10

ULTRATRAK® - TDH FLUID

Ultratrak Fluids are premium lubricants designed for a wide range of applications in agricultural, off-highway andconstruction mobile equipment as well as industrial applications. They are specially formulated for applications havingintegrated lubrication systems served by a common fluid reservoir. The additive technology provides for enhanced univer-sal tractor, hydraulic / transmission / wet brake performance.

Ultratrak Fluids are specifically formulated to provide superior performance in agricultural equipment - hydraulic pumps,differentials, gears, final drives, bearings, wet brakes, power steering, transmissions, and power takeoff (PTO) clutches.They also provide improved performance in power driven components of off-highway equipment, construction machinery,and industrial equipment.

Ultratrak Fluid has been formulated for use in various OEM's equipment thus making it a truly universal tractor fluid.Ultratrak Fluid W contains the same additive technology but has been formulated with lighter base stock components toprovide enhanced low temperature performance.

Properties Ultratrak Ultratrak WOperating Temperature Range, ºC -25 to 80 -35 to 70Density, Kg/L @ 15 ºC 0.8782 0.8820ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 52.3 34.2cSt @ 100 ºC 9.3 7.1Viscosity, BrookfieldcP @ -20 ºC 1,650 1,230cP @ -30 ºC 17,950 4,400cP @ -35 ºC 51,000 9,710cP @ -40 ºC - 20,000Viscosity Index 150 189Pour Point , ºC -41 -48Flash Point, ºC 228 190Copper Corrosion 1b 1B

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AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS

ULTRATRAK ® - TDH FLUID

OEM Specification Guide

Ultratrak and Ultratrak W fluids have provided excellent performance in field trials and actual operating operating conditionsas a replacement for all OEM branded products and specifications listed in this guide.

Original Equipment Fluid Specification OEM Brand NameManufacturerBelarus Hydraulic Tractor FluidJ.I. Case

Includes International JIC-145 / MS-1210 -Harvestor and Steiger JIC-185 / MS-1204 / MS-1205 -

MS-1206 / MS-1207 (current) Powerguard PTF FluidJIC-143 / 144 B6 (International Harvestor) Hytran PlusSEMS 17001 (Steiger) Hydraulic/Transmission Fluid

Caterpillar TO-2 (obsolete)Cincinatti Milacron P-70 Hydraulic OilJohn Deere J20C, J20D (J20A, J20B) Hygard FluidDenison HF-1, HF-2Deutz-Allis, Allis Chalmers, Agco Part # 9003088, 9003089, Power Fluid 821 & 821XL

9003090, 9003091Ford New Holland ESN – M2C41 – B Ford Hydraulic Oil 41

Includes New Holland, ESN – M2C48 – B, C, C2, C3 -Fiat, and Versatile ESN – M2C53 – A -

ESN – M2C86 – B -ESN – M2C134 – A, B, C Ford Hydraulic Oil 134ESN – M2C134 – D (current)Versatile HyGear Fluid 23 M, 24 M,

Type 303 FluidHesston, Hesston Fiat AF-87 (current) Oliofiat Tutela Multi-FKubota Kubota Transdraulic Fluid Super UDT FluidMassey – Ferguson M1110 -

CMS M1127 A, B -M1129 A -M1135 -M1143 (current), M1141 Permatran III

White Q-1705 -Q-1766 -Q-1802 -Q-1826 (current) White Universal Fluid

Sperry – Vickers I-286-S, M-2950-SSundstrand Hydrostatic Transmission FluidVolvo WB 101

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ULTRA HYDRAULIK AW

Ultra Hydraulik AW Oils are premium performance, long life, and anti-wear hydraulic oils, designed for use in heavy-dutyhydraulic systems. These oils give excellent results in a wide range of high-pressure hydraulic systems found in industrialmachinery and mobile equipment used in marine, woodlands, construction and mining operations.

Ultra Hydraulik AW Oils are recommended for use in high-pressure hydraulic systems, which operate above 1,000 psi(7,000 kPa), under severe conditions. They provide an outstanding combination of characteristics that protect systemsagainst wear, rust, and corrosion. They are designed to provide excellent system oil life without excessive deterioration dueto oxidation. These oils also provide superior demulsibility, air separation, anti-foam properties, hydrolytic stability, thermalstability, and filterability qualities. They are not recommended for use in pumps utilizing silver plated components.

Ultra Hydraulik AW Oils can also be used in circulating systems where rust and oxidation inhibited oils are desirable. Theywill provide excellent lubrication for bearings and gears operating under normal loads where extreme pressure capabilitiesare not required.

Ultra Hydraulik AW 22, 32, & 46 are suitable for use in plant air-line lubricators. Ultra Hydraulik AW 10 & 22 can beused as spindle oils or as telemotor oils aboard ships.

Ultra Hydraulik AW 32, 46, & 68 Oils are approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for use in registeredplants and food processing establishments where no contact may occur. They are listed as Category N2 (Hydraulic)lubricants. They meet the requirements of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as H2 lubricant for use in federallyinspected meat and poultry plants where no food contact may occur.

Manufacturers Tests and Approvals

Denison HF-O, HF-2 ApprovedDenison T6C Vane Pump (Wet & Dry Phases) PassDenison P46 Piston Pump PassEaton Vickers M-2952-S, M-2950-S, I-286-S MeetsEaton Vickers 35VQ25 PassEaton Vickers 104C PassCincinnati Machine P-68, P-69, P-70 ApprovedDIN 51524 Part II Meets

Properties Ultra Hydraulik AWISO Viscosity Grade 10 22 32 46 68 100 150Operating Temperature Range, ºC -12/50 -12/60 -10/60 -5/70 0/80 5/90 10/100Density @ 15 ºC, kg/l .8888 .8644 .8680 .8711 .8743 .8816 .8827ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 9.7 21.6 32.2 46.3 68.2 96.7 146.8 cSt @ 100 ºC 2.4 4.3 5.6 6.9 8.9 11.0 14.6Viscosity Index 34 99 108 106 103 100 97Flash Point ºC 152 208 212 220 236 254 286Pour Point, ºC -57 -36 -33 -30 -27 -27 -21AGMA R & O N/A N/A N/A 1 2 3 4

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INDUSTRIAL OILS – Hydraulic & Circulating

ULTRA HYDRAULIK HVI

Ultra Hydraulik HVI Oils are premium performance, long life, anti-wear hydraulic oils designed for year-round use in heavyduty hydraulic systems operating over wide temperature ranges. They provide excellent operating performance andmaintenance benefits in a wide range of hydraulic applications found in industrial machinery and mobile equipment used inwoodlands, construction, mining, utility and marine operations. They are available in ISO viscosity grades 15, 22, 36, and60 to meet the demanding requirements of the Canadian climate.

Ultra Hydraulik HVI Oils are blended from premium base stocks and formulated with advanced additive technology. Theoils are designed to deliver outstanding trouble free performance and extended service life.

Ultra Hydraulik HVI Oils are recommended for use in high-pressure hydraulic systems, which operate above 1,000 psi(7,000 kPa) under severe conditions and extreme temperature ranges. They provide an outstanding combination ofcharacteristics that protect systems against wear, rust, and corrosion. They are designed to provide superior demulsibility,air separation, anti-foam properties, hydrolytic stability, thermal stability, and filterability qualities.

Ultra Hydraulik HVI Oils can also be used in circulating systems, bearings and gears, operating under normal loads whereextreme pressure capabilities are not required, where temperatures vary seasonally.

Ultra Hydraulik HVI 22, 36, & 60 Oils are approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for use in registeredplants and food processing establishments where no food contact may occur. They are listed as Category N2 (Hydraulic)lubricants. They meet the requirements of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as H2 lubricant for use in federallyinspected meat and poultry plants where no food contact may occur.

Manufacturers Tests and Approvals

Denison HF-O, HF-2 ApprovedDenison T6C Vane Pump (Wet & Dry Phases) PassDension P46 Piston Pump PassEaton Vickers M-2952-S, M-2950-S, I-286-S MeetsEaton Vickers 35VQ25 PassEaton Vickers 104C PassCincinnati Machine P-68, P-69, P-70 Approved

Properties Ultra Hydraulik HVI ISO Viscosity Grade 15 22 36 60Operating Temperature Range, ºC -30 / 42 -21 / 54 -13 / 70 -1 / 85Minimum Start-Up, ºC -47 -40 -34 -22Density, Kg/L @ 15ºC 0.8415 0.8588 0.8690 0.8783ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 15.2 22.6 32.2 67.7cSt @ 100 ºC 4.1 5.1 6.4 10.1Viscosity Index 190 163 156 133Flash Point, ºC 116 166 212 252Pour Point, ºC -57 -51 -45 -36

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CHAMPION HYDRAULIK AW

Champion Hydraulik AW Oils are cost effective anti-wear hydraulic oils manufactured from good quality base stocks.They will provide satisfactory performance in virtually all vane, piston, and gear pumps where anti-wear performance isrequired. Champion Hydraulik AW Oil is available in ISO VG 32 and 68 grades.

Champion Hydraulik AW Oils may be used in circulating systems for lubrication of bearings and gears where rust andoxidation (R&O) inhibited oils are required.

Champion Hydraulik AW Oils meet the anti-wear requirements for virtually all vane pumps and will provide satisfactoryservice in most piston and gear pumps.

Properties Champion® Hydraulik AW OilsISO VG Grade 32 68Density @ 15ºC, kg/L 0.870 0.881Colour, max 4 7Pour Point, ºC -42 -36ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 33.2 68.0cSt @ 100 ºC 5.9 9.9Viscosity Index 121 128

ULTRA R&O 220

Ultra R&O 220 Oil is premium quality rust and oxidation inhibited oils designed for use in circulating systems. It isformulated to provide excellent foam control and water separation properties to maximize equipment performance features.The oil contains an additive package designed to resist oil degradation due to oxidation, protect equipment componentsagainst damage due to rust and improve oil service life.

Ultra R&O 220 Oil is recommended for hydraulic systems (< 7,000 kPa or 1,000 psi), gear and bearing applications wherethe use of anti-wear (AW) or extreme pressure (EP) additives are not required.

It is recommended for systems containing internal backstops, such as conveyors, where the anti-wear or extreme pressureadditives can cause the equipment to creep under load.

Ultra R&O 220 Oil is suited for lubrication use in general plant equipment including hydraulic, circulating and gear oilsystems which are not prone to high wear or heavy loading.

Ultra R&O 220 Oil is approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for use in registered plants and foodprocessing establishments where no food contact may occur. They are listed as Category N1 (General) lubricants. Theymeet the requirements of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as H2 lubricant for use in federally inspected meat andpoultry plants where no food contact may occur.

Properties Ultra R&O 220AGMA R & O 5Density @ 15 ºC, kg/L 0.8842ASTM Colour 3.5Pour Point ºC -12Flash Point ºC 290ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 220cSt @ 100 ºC 18.9Viscosity Index 97TAN, mg KOH/g 0.16

INDUSTRIAL OILS – Hydraulic & Circulating

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ULTRA TURBINE

Ultra Turbine oils are premium quality lubricants designed to completely satisfy the lubrication requirements of steam,water, hydraulic and gas turbines found in utility and industrial power plants, and marine applications.

They are manufactured from superior base oils that have been specially processed to provide good viscosity & temperaturecharacteristics, fast air release and good water separation. Specially selected ingredients are added to the base oils toimpart high oxidation stability and excellent rust and corrosion resistance.

Ultra Turbine oils meet virtually all the turbine oil specifications of the various turbine manufacturers and Canadian Utilities:General Electric, Westinghouse, Solar, Alstom Power, Ontario Hydro, Hydro Québec, New Brunswick Power, Nova ScotiaPower.

Ultra Turbine oils can be used as turbine quality hydraulic oils, premium oxidation resistant circulating oils and as indus-trial gear oils for AGMA R&O grades. They are qualified as rust and oxidation inhibited hydraulic oils. They are recommendedfor hydraulic systems where the pump manufacturer require a mineral oil that does not contain anti-wear additives such asthose containing silver plated components.

For hydraulic systems operating at pressures exceeding 7000 kPa (1000 psi), Ultra Hydraulik AW or HVI are recommend-ed in the suitable grade.

Ultra Turbine 32, 46 & 68 oils are approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for use in registered plantsand food processing establishments where no food contact may occur. They are listed as Category N1 (General) lubricants.They meet the requirements of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as H2 lubricant for use in federally inspectedmeat and poultry plants where no food contact may occur.

Properties Ultra TurbineISO VG 32 46 68AGMA R&O Number - 1 2CM Spec. No. P-38 P-54 P-55Density @ 15 ºC, kg/L 0.8684 0.8720 0.8737ASTM Colour 1.0 1.5 1.5Pour Point, ºC -30 -27 -27ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 32.0 45.7 66.4cSt @ 100 ºC 5.4 6.8 8.6Viscosity Index 102 100 100TAN, mg/KOH/g 0.15 0.13 0.13RBOT Oxidation Stability, minutes 1500 800 800TOST Oxidation Stability, hours 9000 6500 6500Copper Strip Corrosion @ 100 ºC, 3 hours 1a 1a 1aASTM Rust Test Pass Pass PassSteam Emulsion Number 214 125 118Air Release, minutes. 4 7.3 15.7

1 AGMA – American Gear Manufacturer Association2 CM – Cincinnati Milacron

INDUSTRIAL OILS – Hydraulic & Circulating

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ULTRA PAPER MACHINE OIL

Ultra Paper Machine oils are premium quality oils specifically formulated for circulating systems found on the dry and wetends of modern paper machines and their equipment components. They provide improved load-carrying abilities, resistanceto heat and oxidation degradation combined with detergency and excellent water shedding abilities for performance andprotection demanded in paper mill operations.

Ultra Paper Machine oils are based on a unique formulation designed to provide superior performance and protectionwhile helping to simplify maintenance practices and respond to emerging environmental concerns. Ultra Paper Machine Oilsare designed to cope more easily with the contaminants found in paper machine systems and utilize new detergenttechnology to avoid growing environmental concerns over traditional paper machine oil detergents.

Ultra Paper Machine oils are available in two viscosity grades, 150, and 220. They provide the performance required toservice a range of applications and meet the lubrication requirements of major bearing and paper machine manufacturers.

Ultra Paper Machine oils are recommended for the following applications: Paper Machine Circulating Systems, Dryer, FeltDryer & Tension Rolls, Suction Couch & Press Rolls, Machine Gear Drives & Transfer Cases, and Oil Lubricated Bearings.

Properties Ultra Paper MachineISO VG Grade 150 220Density @ 15ºC, kg/l 0.8834 0.8858Pour Point, ºC -18 - 15Flash Point COC, ºC 265 288ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 150.7 225.0cSt @ 100 ºC 14.5 18.9Viscosity Index 94 96Timken OK Load, kg 18 18FZG, Load Stage Pass 12 12Four Ball Weld Point, kg min 160 200Four Ball Wear, scar diameter, mm. 0.46 0.39TOST, ASTM D-943, hours 2000+ 2000+1000 hrs, sludge % wt. 0.01Copper Strip Corrosion, 3 hrs @ 100ºC 1A 1APall Filterability Test Pass Pass

INDUSTRIAL OILS – Hydraulic & Circulating

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ULTRATHERM®

Ultratherm 68 is a superior quality paraffinic, solvent refined oil specifically designed for use in indirectly fired heat transfersystems. It is recommended for use in closed systems such as those found in asphalt plants, particle board plants, chemicalplants, and industrial applications. It can be used up to 290°C for continuous operation and up to 315°C for short intermittentperiods. This temperature may be extended to 345°C for short periods in closed system blanketed by nitrogen.

Ultratherm 68 has outstanding resistance to thermal cracking and oxidation stability, which ensures long oil life andreduced maintenace costs. It contains an effective rust inhibitor that prevents corrosion of metal surfaces and provides pro-tection to the circulating and system.

Ultratherm 68 should be used only in systems with forced circulation. Systems that depend on convection for circulation of theheat transfer medium do not provide a rapid enough flow to prevent localized overheating and rapid deterioration of the oil.

Ultratherm 68 is not recommended for use in open systems where high temperature oil is exposed directly to air. If oilsprays or leaks occur, hot oil may auto-ignite without a source of ignition.

Properties Ultratherm 68Density @ 15ºC, kg/l 0.8746Viscosity Index 96Viscosity, cSt@ 40 ºC 63.5@ 100 ºC 8.2Pour Point, ºC -6Flash Point, ºC 225Auto-ignition Temperature, ºC 363

Properties Temperature °C40 100 200 260 316

Density, kg/L 0.8587 0.8202 0.7549 0.7153 06790Kinematic Viscosity, cSt 63.5 8.2 1.8 1.1 0.8Thermal Conductivity, kcal/mhC 0.1130 0.1092 0.1030 0.0993 0.9580Specific Heat, kcal/kgC 0.47 0.52 0.60 0.66 0.71

INDUSTRIAL OILS – Hydraulic & Circulating

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ULTRALUBE® EP

Ultralube EP industrial gear oils have been designed to provide long life performance, outstanding anti-wear and extremepressure properties in industrial gears and bearings which operate under severe or intermittent shock loading conditions.They are available in a full line of viscosity ranges and meet the extreme pressure (EP) requirements of the American GearManufacturers Association (AGMA).

Ultralube EP industrial gear have been blended from premium quality base stocks and formulated with advanced additivetechnology to provide outstanding performance in the following gear drives operating under normal or shock loading conditions:

- Internal Gears- Worm Gears- Bevel Gears- Helical Gears- Spur Gears- Rack and Pinion Gears

For gear drives equipped with built-in variable speed clutches (ie. formsprag type), a non-EP/AW oil must be used for lubri-cation. Refer to the Ultra R & O Oil & Ultra Turbine Tech Data for proper lubricant selection.

Ultralube EP industrial gear oils are recommended for plain or anti-friction bearings operating under heavy and/or shockloading conditions. The lower viscosity grades may be used for wire-rope lubrication. They have been formulated with a mistcontrol additive and they are recommended for oil mist lubrication systems. They meet or exceed the requirements of theU.S. Steel Specification 224, AGMA 250.4, DIN 51517 (3), David Brown and Cincinnati Milacron.

Ultralube EP 100, 150, & 220 oils are approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for use in registered foodplants and processing establishments where no food contact may occur. They are listed as Category N1 (General) lubri-cants. They meet the requirements of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as H2 lubricant for use in federally inspect-ed meat and poultry plants where no food contact may occur.

Properties Ultralube® EPISO Grade 68 100 150 220 320 460 680AGMA Number 2 EP 3 EP 4 EP 5 EP 6 EP 7 EP 8 EPDensity, kg/l @ 15ºC 0.8775 0.8880 0.8839 0.8886 0.8921 0.8960 0.9082Viscosity, cSt @ 40 ºC 67.5 100.0 149.7 233.0 322.6 465.0 690.9cSt @ 100 ºC 8.6 11.3 14.8 19.6 24.3 30.8 38.3Viscosity Index 97 98 98 96 96 96 86Flash Point, ºC 242 250 256 258 250 260 238Pour Point, ºC -30 -24 -24 -18 -12 -12 -9Timken OK Load, kg 27.5 27.5 27.5 27.5 27.5 27.5 27.5FZG, 12 Stage Load pass pass pass pass pass pass pass

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INDUSTRIAL OILS – Gear

EMGARD® IND-EP SYNTHETIC GEAR LUBRICANTS

Emgard IND-EP synthetic industrial gear lubricants are specifically formulated to protect moderate to heavily loadedindustrial gears and bearings. They provide excellent anti-wear and load carrying capability, as well as strong rust inhibitionand demulsibility performance. These lubricants meet or exceed the current industry and OEM gear lubricant specifications.

Blended with 100% synthetic base stocks and advanced EP additives, these lubricants provide improved high temperaturestability and cleanliness, low temperature fluidity, and overall lubricity. These characteristics help reduce costs by extendingservice intervals, eliminating seasonal oil changes, minimizing lubricant use and disposal, and reducing power consumption.

Emgard IND-EP synthetic industrial gear lubricants are suitable for use in spur, helical, herringbone, bevel and most typesof industrial hypoid gearing. They are suitable for ball, roller, and other types of anti-friction bearings. They are notrecommended for use in worm gears lubricants due to compatibility concerns of sulfur/phosphorous additives with bronzemetallurgy. Further more, industrial gear lubricants as a class are not formulated for automotive hypoid gearing. In thesecases, automotive type gear lubricants generally offer better protection. If uncertainty exists as to the appropriate type oflubricant to use with hypoid gearing, the equipment manufacturer’s operating manual should be consulted.

Properties Emgard IND-EPISO Viscosity Grade 150 220 320 460 680AGMA Grade 4 EP 5 EP 6 EP 7 EP 8 EPViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 150 220 320 460 680cSt @ 100 ºC 18 23 29 37 48Viscosity Index 124 124 124 124 124Pour Point, ºC -43 -37 -34 -32 -26Flash Point, ºC 238 238 238 238 238FZG Spur Gear Test Pass Load Stage 12 12 12 12 12Four Ball Wear Test- 20 kg, 1800 rpm, 54 ºC, 1hr 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25- 40 kg, 1200 rpm, 75 ºC, 1hr 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38 0.38Load Wear Index, kg 54 54 54 54 54

ULTRAKOOL 68 REFRIGERATION OIL

Ultrakool 68 is premium refrigeration oil, which has been specially formulated for the lubrication of commercial refrigerationcompressors. It is manufactured from highly refined, naphthenic base stocks which have been put through special processesdesigned to produce stable wax free oils which will not react with any of the normal refrigerant gases, floc at normalrefrigeration temperatures or oxidize at the higher compressor running temperatures.

Ultrakool 68 provides excellent lubricating ability, outstanding low temperature properties, exceptional chemical andthermal stability, and high dielectric strength. It is completely compatible with all types of refrigerant gases (i.e.: Ammonia,Freon 12, Freon 22, Genetron, Isotron, etc).

Ultrakool 68 is not suitable for use in systems utilizing hydro-fluorocarbons (HFC) such as R-134 and R-23.

Ultrakool 68 is designed to provide long trouble free operation in reciprocating, rotary, and screw refrigeration compressors.It is designed to lubricate the compressors in ammonia refrigeration systems found in large commercial operations such asmeat and fish processing plants, dairies, skating rinks, and marine refrigeration equipment.

Ultrakool 68 is approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for use in registered food plants and process-ing establishments where no food contact may occur. It is listed under Category N1 as a General Lubricant. It also meetsthe requirements of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as H2 lubricant for use in federally inspected meat and poul-try plants where no food contact may occur.

Properties Ultrakool® 68Density @ 15ºC, kg /L 0.909Colour ASTM 1.0ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 60.6cSt @ 100 ºC 6.4Viscosity Index 30Flash Point, ºC 199Pour Point, ºC - 40Floc Point, ºC max. - 48Aniline Point, ºC 88Dielectric Strength, kV 35

ULTRA COMPRESSOR

Ultra Compressor oils are specifically formulated for the lubrication of rotary and reciprocating air and inert gascompressors. They are blended from highly refined, high viscosity index (HVI) mineral basestocks and selected additiveswhich provide superior performance and long life.

Ultra Compressor oils can be used with confidence to provide trouble free operation in reciprocating, rotary vane androtary screw compressors. The separate lubrication system used in larger reciprocating compressors allows for the use ofheavier viscosity oil in the cylinders. This assists in counteracting the higher pressures and temperatures encountered in thecylinders, yet allowing a lower viscosity oil to be used in the crankcase, reducing friction for the crankshaft bearinglubrication. Ultra Compressor Oil 122 is an excellent choice for the cylinders while Ultra Compressor Oil 68 is anexcellent choice for a crankcase lubricant. These grades offer excellent film strenght and wear protection. Larger rotary vaneand screw compressors can be lubricated with Ultra Compressor Oil 122, while smaller units, depending on themanufacturer, will be adequately lubricated with Ultra Compressor Oil 32 or 68.

Ultra Compressor oils are compatible with seal materials used in compressor applications, and will not cause concern ofleakage common with some synthetic diester lubricants. They are not recommended for use in pure oxygen applications.

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ULTRA COMPRESSOR

Ultra Compressor 32, 68, & 122 oils are approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) as CategoryN1 (general) lubricants for use in registered plants and food processing establishments where no contact may occur.They meet the requirements of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) as H2 lubricant for use in federallyinspected meat and poultry plants where no food contact may occur.

Properties Ultra Compressor Oil32 68 122

Density @ 15 ºC, kg/l 0.860 0.8903 0.8940Colour, ASTM 1.0 1.5 2.0Pour Point, ºC -12 -33 -27Flash Point, ºC 227 228 230ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 32.3 69.4 122.7cSt @ 100 ºC 5.5 8.2 11.7Viscosity Index 109 83 80

EMGARD® SYNTHETIC AIR COMPRESSOR LUBRICANTS

Emgard Synthetic Air Compressor Lubricants 2032, 2046, 2068, and 2100 are premium ester based synthetic fluidsdesigned to satisfy the lubrication requirements of the majority of compressors in service today. They are speciallyformulated for rotary, reciprocating and centrifugal air compressors.

These fluids are formulated from premium quality, ester base stocks combined with the latest developments in additivetechnology. This combination makes Emgard Synthetic Air Compressor Lubricants superior in oxidation and thermalcharacteristics, and results in lubricant performance that provides the potential for extended drain intervals, reducedmaintenance costs, reduced varnish, sludge and carbon deposits. Other advantages of using Emgard Synthetic AirCompressor Lubricants include reduced feed rates, less oil carryover due to reduced vapour pressure.

Emgard Synthetic Air Compressor Lubricant 2032, 2046 and 2068 are designed for use in oil flooded rotary vane andscrew type compressors. Because the lubricant is injected directly into the air-stream of these compressors; superiorlubricant oxidation and thermal stability is required to minimize the formation of deposits, lacquer and sludge; especially inthe heat exchangers. Reduced deposits mean reduced component wear and improved compressor efficiencies, as well asless downtime to change the lubricant and replace parts.

Emgard Synthetic Air Compressor Lubricant 2100 is designed for both crankcase and cylinder lubrication inreciprocating compressors. Its superior oxidation and thermal stability provide for reduced carbon build-up on dischargevalves, resulting in lower maintenance costs and less downtime. This also reduces the hazard of compressor fires and/orexplosions, and improves compressor efficiency.

INDUSTRIAL OILS – Compressors

EMGARD® SYNTHETIC AIR COMPRESSOR LUBRICANTS

Properties Emgard Ester Synthetic Air Compressor2032 2046 2068 2100

ISO Viscosity Grade 32 46 68 100SAE Viscosity Grade 10W 20 20 30Density, Kg/L @ 15ºC 0.989 0.978 0.970 0.961Viscosity cSt @ 100 ºC 6.6 7.9 8.9 9.7cSt @ 40 ºC 32.4 48.4 68.3 98.8cSt @ -18 ºC 945 2,410 9,085 32,530cSt @ -29 ºC 2,900 8,500 49,500 -Viscosity Index 165 133 104 68Pour Point ºC -54 -48 -45 -33Flash Point ºC 264 235 266 266Fire Point ºC 280 295 288 288Auto-ignition Temperature ºC 410 410 410 410Conradson Carbon Residue % 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.01

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ULTRAWAY®

Ultraway oils have been specially formulated for the lubrication of machine tool ways, slides and guides. They are made froma blend of premium base oils and enhanced with a special additive package containing friction modifying additives and chem-ical agents designed to provide excellent load carrying qualities, superior anti-wear characteristics, and increased adhesive-ness.

Ultraway oils are designed to provide satisfactory performance under a variety of operating conditions in machine tools. Theadditive package eliminates "stick-slip" (jerky motion) or chatter, thereby improving workpiece finish and accuracy.

Ultraway oils are designed to resist removal by coolants and soluble cutting oils. This reduces the lubricant consumption andthe production of tramp oil compared to products having lower tackiness and inferior demulsibility characteristics.

Ultraway 68 is recommended for machine tools equipped with centralized oil systems which lubricate both the slide ways andhydraulic mechanisms. It is a general purpose lubricant which satisfies the requirements on light to moderately-loaded machinetool applications.

Ultraway 220 is recommended for use in both the bearings and the ways of heavy duty machine tools such as planers, boringmills, and punch presses, which are subject to shock loads and require an oil to cling to metal surfaces and resist throw-off.

Ultraway oils are designed primarily as machine way lubricants, but they may also be used wherever general purpose tackyoils are recommended. They are especially suited for lubrication of overhead conveyor drive chains, drive shafts, rack gearsand vertical ways. They are also excellent sawguide lubricants. Ultraway oils, due to the adhesive or tackiness agent and cor-rosion inhibitors, may be used as a protective exterior surface coating for metal components to be stored on a short term basis.

Properties Ultraway 68 Ultraway 220Cincinnati Milacron Specification P-47 P-50Colour 1.5 4.5Appearance Tacky TackyDensity @ 15 ºC, kg/l 0.8760 0.8878Viscosity,cSt @ 40 ºC 68.2 217.1cSt @ 100 ºC 8.9 19.1Viscosity Index 104 99Flash Point, ºC 234 248Fire Point, ºC 289 288Pour Point, ºC -30 -18Timken OK Load, kg 29 31Stick-Slip Number 0.75 0.74

ULTRAROK®

Ultrarok oils were developed specifically for the lubrication of pneumatic rock drills, and other percussion tools such as jackhammers, riveters, paving breakers, and tampers. They are manufactured from premium base stocks and are enhanced by acomplex additive package. They offer superior wear protection, controlled atomization and misting during operations.

Ultrarok oils were developed to meet the demanding requirements of the Canadian climate and are available in several gradesto cover all ambient temperatures and conditions.

Ultrarok oils are designed for use in pneumatic percussion equipment operated at high airflow rates. They can also be usedfor air in-line oilers.

Ultrarok oils meet or surpass the rock-drill oil specifications of equipment manufacturer’s such as Ingersoll-Rand, Joy andWorthington.

Ultrarok 46 is designed for low temperature conditions. It is excellent as an airline oil for general plant lubrication.

Ultrarok 100 and 150 are used extensively for a wide range of conditions and temperatures in underground mining opera-tions, as well as some "long hole" and "jumbo" drills.

Ultrarok 220 is normally used for higher summer ambient temperatures applications such as large bore drills (> 4 inch) operating in open pit mines.

Due to their superior ability to prevent wear and their tackiness, Ultrarok oils can also provide excellent performance in saw guide applications.

INDUSTRIAL OILS

ULTRAROK®

Properties Ultrarok46 100 150 220

Appearance Tacky Tacky Tacky TackyColour Amber Amber Amber AmberDensity, kg/l 0.871 0.877 0.881 0.887ViscositycSt @ 40ºC 45.5 100.5 150.6 226.7cSt @ 100ºC 8.8 11.7 15.2 20.0Viscosity Index 177 105 102 101Pour Point, ºC -45 -24 -24 -15Flash Point, , ºC 180 254 272 282Timken Load, kg 27 27 27 27Operating Range, Ambient, ºC -30 to +15 -5 to +30 Above + 10 Above + 20

ULTRASTIC®

Ultrastic oil are a series of general purpose tacky lubricants that are intended for once through application of journalbearings and gears where high oil consumption justifies the use of an economical short life product. They have beenspecifically blended with a tackifier agent to increase metal adhesion and reduce the drippage and spattering which can beencountered with straight mineral oils. These adhesive properties permit the oil to cling to rapidly moving, lightly-loadedcomponents to reduce oil consumption and loss due to throw-off.

The use of non-drip oils has proven to be useful in many industries such as textile, metal working, printing shops, saw mills,etc where a tacky oil having good lubricating film forming properties are required. They have been used particularly inapplications where an economical once-through product is required for lightly loaded bearings and gears. Since these oilsdo not stain the product being processed, they can be used in the textile industry and wood sawmills.

Properties Ultrastic 150 Ultrastic 250ASTM Colour, max 7.0 7.0Appearance Tacky / Dark Tacky / DarkDensity @ 40 ºC, kg/l 0.8740 0.8806Flash Point, ºC 214 245Pour Point, ºC - 21 - 12Kinematic ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 99.1 264.9cst @ 100 ºC 12.3 22.1Viscosity Index 100 104

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TURBO CHAIN OILS

Turbo Chain oils are designed specifically to protect the bars and chains of the high performance, professional power sawsused in the Canadian woodlands. These saws are subjected to severe operating conditions in high speed, high volume,logging operations where the highest factors of performance and reliability are demanded from fuels, lubricants and the sawsthemselves.

Turbo Chain oils are available in grades, Winter and Summer, for use under all seasonal conditions. They are blended fromHVI base stocks and contain an additive system essential to the protection of the power saw chain.

Chain and bars are subject to sliding friction, which can displace a normal oil film in a very short time. Turbo Chain oils havespecial tackifiers that ensure that the oil ejected onto the operating chain does not fling off. All grades provide anti-rust and storage protection.

Turbo Chain oils should not be used as engine oil in the power heads of saws. They are dyed a distinctive redcolour so that saw operators will be able to differentiate between "chain" and "engine" oils.

Properties Turbo Chain Turbo ChainOil Winter Oil Summer

Colour Red RedAppearance Tacky TackyViscosity , cSt @ 40 ºC 58.0 130Flash Point, ºC 180 200Pour Point, ºC -21 0

ULTRAKUT®

Ultrakut Soluble is an excellent choice for a versatile emulsion type cutting oil. It is formulated with rust inhibitors, EPadditives and emulsifiers. It is designed for sawing, turning, milling, drilling, grinding, and boring applications where a generalpurpose coolant is required. Ultrakut Soluble contains extreme pressure additives for use in metal removal operations,where a high degree of surface finish and long tool life are desired. Ultrakut Soluble contains a biocide, reducing the needfor separate system for bacterial treatments.

Ultrakut Soluble can also be used as a roll coolant and corrosion inhibitor in water based hydraulic fluids.

Caution: Keep product from freezing and reduce exposure to fluctuating cold temperatures

INDUSTRIAL OILS

Properties Ultrakut SolubleDensity @ 15 ºC 0.946Colour, ASTM 3.0Flash Point, base oil, ºC 162Pour Point, ºC, max -6Viscosity @ 40 ºC 80pH (10% emulsion) 8.7Sulphated Ash % mass 2.3Sulphur Content, % mass -Chlorine Content, % mass NilFree Fatty Acid, % mass -

ULTRAFORM®

Ultraform 46 is formulated to provide a stain-free finish on both cast-in-place and pre-cast concrete work, in addition to thequick release characteristics required for plywood, metal, fibreglass and plastic forms.

Ultraform 46 is a special blend of light, non-staining mineral and fatty oils recommended for use in non-critical applications.It is used to create a water repellant preservative barrier which helps prevent concrete adhesion and provides for easyrelease of the form. It is recommended for wood, plastic, fibreglass, and metal forms which have relatively smooth surfacesand where the physical removal is easy.

Properties Ultraform 46Density @ 15 ºC, Kg/L 0.9021Flash Point, ºC 164Pour Point, ºC - 30ViscositycSt @ 40 ºC 44.9cSt @ 100 ºC 6.1Viscosity Index 72Neutralization Value, TAN-C 5.6

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ULTRAFLEX®

Ultraflex oils are a series of high quality, solvent refined, paraffinic process oils that can be used in a wide varietyof industrial and process oil applications. They are high in saturated straight and branched compounds, relatively lowin aromatic compounds, light in colour and offering good stability and modest solvency.

As process oils, their physical characteristics make them suitable for use as a diluent oil or carrier in the manufactureof products such as lubricants, defoamers in the paper industry, plasticizers, sealants, chemicals, adhesives andprinting inks. Ultraflex products can also be used as process or extender oils in the rubber and plastic industries,They are suitable for leather tanning, mineral oil seals, dust control agents, plastic and glass mould release agents.

Ultraflex oils can be used as lubricants in non-critical circulating and hydraulic systems where the oil operatingtemperature are moderate and the operating pressures are less than 7000 kPa or 1000 psi and there is norequirement for anti-wear or extreme pressure additives. They are an economical choice for use in systems whereoil losses due to high leakage rates are prevalent.

Properties UltraflexGrade 22 32 46 100Density, kg/l @ 15°C 0.8604 0.8679 0.8741 0.8786Viscosity:cSt @ 40°C 19.4 31.9 50.2 110cSt @ 100°C 4.0 5.5 7.1 11.9Viscosity Index 95 95 95 95Colour - ASTM 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5Flash Point, °C 216 223 242 278Pour Point, °C -18 -15 -12 -12Aniline Point, °C 98 104 107 117Refraction Index @ 20°C 1.4723 1.4744 1.4775 1.4805Composition, wt %- Aromatics / Polars 14 7 10 13- Saturates 86 88 90 86Carbon Type, % Mass- Aromatic 1.6 2.7 3.8 4.1- Naphthenic 32.4 29.7 27.0 27.9- Paraffinic 66.0 67.6 69.2 68.0Volatility, % Loss 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.2

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ULTRAMAX SB EP

Ultramax SB EP 2 is an extreme pressure (EP), high temperature multi-application grease, which is specially formu-lated to be highly effective in wet environments, found in transportation, resource and marine sectors.

It is a unique combination of mineral and synthetic (PAO) base oils, polymers, and additives that will provide out-standing resistance to water washout, exceptional corrosion protection, and perform over an expanded temperaturerange in severe service applications.

Ultramax SB EP 2 grease is based on calcium sulfonate complex thickener technology which has the ability to absorbmoderate amounts of water without softening, changing consistency or losing corrosion protection capabilities.

Ultramax SB EP 2 meets the stringent requirements of the NLGI Automotive Service Classification GC-LB. It will pro-vide satisfactory performance in the lubrication of chassis (LB) and wheel bearings (GC).

Ultramax SB EP 2 can be recommended for the lubrication of automotive chassis and wheel bearings, 5th wheels,pins & bushings, mast slides on telescopic booms, king pins, bucket pins, and couplings. Due to its excellent adhe-siveness, it is resistant to water washout or spray off. Ultramax SB EP 2 is suitable for use in marine applicationssuch as hoist drum bearings, underwater sheaves, and synchrolifts.

The high temperature performance feature combined with excellent adhesiveness makes Ultramax SB EP 2 partic-ularly effective for lubrication of bearings on the wet ends of paper machines.

GREASES

Properties Ultramax SB EP 2NLGI Grade 2NLGI Standard GC-LBColour TanAppearance Smooth & TackyThickener Calcium SulfonateDropping Point, °C 300Minimum Gun Dispensing, °C -15Normal Operating Range, °C -25 to 170Worked Penetration, @ 25 °C

- 60 strokes 280- 100,000 strokes 290

Base Oil Viscosity, cSt @ 40 °C 155Mobility, gm/min 3.0Timken OK Load, Kg 25Four Ball EP

- Wear Scar, mm 0.50- Weld Point, kg 315- Load Wear Index 55

Bearing Corrosion PassCopper Corrosion 1bWater Washout, % mass @ 79 °C 2

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ULTRAPLEX® EP

Ultraplex EP is a premium multi-purpose grease formulated for heavy-duty applications where superior mechanical stabil-ity and excellent protection over a wide range of operating temperatures and conditions is required.

Ultraplex EP grease is specially formulated with extreme pressure additives, oxidation and corrosion inhibitors to providesuperior performance over conventional multi-purpose lithium greases. Ultraplex greases offer higher temperature stability,superior adhesion properties, and extreme load carrying properties.

Ultraplex® EP greases are recommended for a full range automotive and industrial applications, including:- Highway transportation- Construction- Mining and mineral processing- Farming- Forestry operations- Industrial plants

Ultraplex EP Greases are particularly suited for use in mining & smelting operations, steel industry, and pulp & paper mills.It is specially recommended for any applications where heavy duty loads and wide temperatures are encountered.

Ultraplex EP 1 and EP 2 grades are approved as NLGI GC-LB greases for wheel bearing and chassis lubricant require-ments, thus meeting the needs for automotive and heavy-duty transportation equipment. Ultraplex EP 1 can be used, withconfidence, as the grease for virtually every application on a tractor-trailer all year long. Ultraplex EP 1 and 2 are also rec-ommended for lubrication of double spherical roller bearings, both gear and grid-type flexible couplings.

Ultraplex Moly EP 1 and EP 2 are designed specifically for heavy duty truck, resource, and construction applications. Thehigh viscosity base oil in combination with extreme pressure additives plus the 3% solid lubricant molybdenum disulfide hasthe ability to minimize friction and reduce wear in applications where heavy loads and intermittent forces are encountered.Major manufacturers of heavy construction equipment (Caterpillar, Komatsu) recommend using grease containing 3%molybdenum disulfide. For enhanced performance,

Ultraplex Moly EP greases are recommended for applications such as sliding surfaces on trucks, off-highway vehicles,kingpins, shackle pins, hinge pins, fifth wheels, guide ways and telescoping booms.

Ultraplex EP and Moly EP greases are approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for use in registeredplants and food processing establishments where no food contact may occur. They are listed as Category N1 GeneralLubricants.

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ULTRAPLEX® EP

Properties Ultraplex EP Ultraplex Moly EPNLGI Grade 1 2 1 2Colour Green Green Grey GreyAppearance Smooth & Smooth & Smooth & Smooth &

Tacky Tacky Tacky TackyDropping Point, °C 293 300 320 300Normal Operating Range, °C -30 to 175 -20 to 180 -25 to 175 -20 to 180Minimum Gun Dispensing, °C -25 -15 -20 -15Worked Penetration 60 strokes @ 25°C 325 280 325 280Base Oil Viscosity, 163 220 163 220cSt @ 40 °CMobility @ -18 °C, g/min 13.1 0.84 6.0 0.84Timken OK Load, Kg 27 27 27 27Four Ball EP- Weld Point, Kg 400 400 400 400- Load Wear Index 61 65 61 65Four Ball Wear- scar diameter, mm 0.45 0.40 0.45 0.40Water Washout, % @ 79°C 8 5.2 8 5.2Copper Corrosion 1b 1b 1b 1bOil Separation, % Loss 2.5 0.5 2.5 0.5

ULTRA LITHIUM EP

Ultra Lithium EP Greases are a series of superior quality, cost effective multi-purpose greases containing lithium 12-hydroxysterate thickener as well as extreme pressure additives. They are formulated from superior quality lubricant basestocks utilizing enhanced additive chemistry and technology to provide proven performance as a multi-purpose product forboth heavy duty automotive and industrial applications.

Ultra Lithium EP 0 is designed for low temperature applications and is recommended for centralized lubrication systems.

Ultra Lithium EP 1 is recommended for centralized greasing systems that lubricate heavily loaded conveyor bearings,mobile mining and forestry equipment, as well as high-speed industrial bearings.

Ultra Lithium EP 2 is recommended for heavily loaded bearings operating at low to moderate high speeds found inindustrial plant equipment. It can be used for wheel bearings and chassis lubrication in general automotive applications.

Ultra Lithium EP greases are approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) for use in registered plants andfood processing establishments where no food contact may occur. They are listed as Category N1 (General Lubricants).

For premium performance and extended operating temperature range, Ultraplex EP and Ultraplex Moly EP greases are recommended.

GREASES

ULTRA LITHIUM EP

Properties Ultra Lithium EP 0 EP 1 EP 2

NLGI Grade 0 1 2Colour Dark Brown Dark Brown Dark BrownAppearance Buttery Buttery ButteryDropping Point, °C 190 200 200Operating Range, °C -50 to 100 -30 to 140 -25 to 140Minimum Dispensing, °C -45 -25 -20Base Oil Viscosity,cSt @ 40ºC 20 155 155Worked Penetration 60 strokes @ 25 °C 370 325 280Timken OK Load, kg 18.2 18.2 18.2Four Ball, Load Wear Index 35 40 40Four Ball Wear, mm 0.6 0.5 0.5Mobility@ -17 °C, g/min - 11.9 8.4@ -40 °C, g/min 20 - -

ULTRA BARIUM MOLY

Ultra Barium Moly grease is specialty multi-purpose grease that combines the adhesion and tenacity of barium complexgrease with the shock loading properties of Molybdenum Disulphide.

Ultra Barium Moly grease is recommended for automotive, industrial, marine, and resource based applications requiringexcellent resistance to moisture and displacement by shock loading or heavy pressure.

Ultra Barium Moly grease is particularly recommended for use on fifth wheel of on-highway equipment and heavy duty,off-highway equipment subject to heavy and severe pounding.

For premium performance and extended operating temperature range in specific industrial and resource applications,Ultraplex Moly EP and Ultramax SB EP greases are also recommended.

Properties Ultra Barium MolyNLGI Grade 2Thickener Barium ComplexColour Dark GreyTexture FibrousBase Oil Viscosity @ 40 °C 90Dropping Point °C 190Operating Range °C -20 to 150Timken Ok Load, Kg 18Molybdenum Disulphide, % wt. 1.0

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ULTRA ALIMAR®

Ultra Alimar grease is a white, odourless, water resistant multipurpose grease for all grease lubricated applicationsin canneries, beverage bottling plants, candy manufacturers, potato/corn chip processors, frozen food plants, meat,poultry and fish processing plants. It contains a specially blended USP approved white mineral oil and additivepackage, which imparts improved adhesive and tackiness properties to the grease. It has the ability to maintainconsistency when exposed or mixed with fruit and vegetable juices, fresh or salt water, steam, mild acids, detergentsand other possible contaminants found within close proximity of food machinery.

Ultra Alimar grease has excellent high temperature performance features due to the use of a high dropping pointaluminium complex grease technology. Although not intended for continuous service above 200°C, it can be exposedfor brief intervals to temperatures as high as 230°C.

Ultra Alimar grease has excellent low temperature pumpability features. It is easily handled in conventional greasepumping equipment. The minimum operating temperature is -30°C.

Ultra Alimar grease is approved by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency as a Category N1 lubricant (General)foruse in registered plants and food processing establishments. It conforms to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration(FDA) requirements of lubricants with incidental contact, 21 CFR 178.3570. It meets the requirements of the U.S.Department of Agriculture (USDA) as H1 lubricant for use in federally inspected meat and poultry plants whereincidental food contact may occur.

Ultra Alimar grease is certified Kosher and approved by NSF.

Properties Ultra AlimarNLGI 2Colour WhiteTexture Smooth, Slightly TackySoap Type Aluminium ComplexFiller, Type Titanium OxideOperating Range, °C -30 to 200Dropping Pont, °C 270Base Oil USP White OilBase Oil Viscosity40°C, cSt 105100°C, cSt 11.7Base Oil Viscosity Index 98Penetration, 25°CWorked 60 strokes 280Worked 100,000 strokes 322Timken OK Load, kg 23Four Ball EPWeld Point, kg 126Load Wear Index (LWI) 24Four Ball Wear, 40 Kg, mm 0.86Grease Mobility, -18°C, gm/min 2.88Water Washout, 79°C, % wt. loss 7.5

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ULTRAMAR RC

Ultramar RC grease is a premium quality grease designed specifically for the lubrication of rail curves. It is recommendedfor use as a rail curve lubricant, particularly in areas where high traffic density, heavy loading, and long or numerous curveswhere the use and performance of conventional greases is inadequate.

Ultramar RC grease is specially formulated to meet pumpability, adhesion, and load carrying requirements of a tracklubricant. It will reduce fuel consumption and improve wheel and track life.

Ultramar RC grease is formulated with low viscosity base oil containing calcium soap. The low viscosity oil was specificallyselected to provide satisfactory performance and pumpability for Canadian weather conditions throughout the year. Inaddition to graphite, it contains molybdenum disulphide as a solid lubricant for better load carrying characteristics. It resistswater wash off and has excellent "carry" and spread characteristics needed for long curves.

Properties Ultramar RCNLGI Grade 1Colour BlackAppearance SmoothThickener CalciumSolid Additives Graphite/MolyDropping Point, °C 142Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 17.4Operating Range, °C -40 to +80

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ULTRAMAR KEROSENE 1-K

Ultramar Kerosene 1-K is designed for both burner and wick applications. It has a lower sulphur content to minimizesulphur dioxide emissions and reduce the presence of unpleasant odour.

Ultramar Kerosene 1-K meets all the latest requirements of CAN/CGSB-3.3 and may be used where burner manufacturerspecifies this standard. It may also be used in applications where ASTM D3699 is specified.

Ultramar Kerosene 1-K is available in both Clear and Dyed product formats.

Properties Kerosene 1-KAppearance Bright & ClearDensity, 15°C, kg/L 0.791Flash Point, °C, minimum 38Cloud Point, °C, -40Colour +20% Sulphur, mass 0.04Mercaptan Sulphur, % mass 0.003

ULTRAMAR SOLVENT 3139

Ultramar Solvent 3139 is a mineral spirit fraction that possesses the traditional mineral spirits requirements of solvencyand evaporation rate, and is therefore interchangeable with all Stoddard solvents and mineral spirits.

Ultramar Solvent 3139 is a general purpose cleaner or diluent for removal of surface coatings, degreasing agents, waxes,and polishes.

Properties Ultramar Solvent 3139Distillation Range, °C 158 to 194Distillation Recovery, % Vol. 98.5Corrosion, Copper strip, 3 hour @ 100 °C 1Doctor Test NegativeColour, Saybolt +30Non-Volatile Matter, mg/100 mL <1.0Refractive Index 1.4375Sulphur, mg/kg <1.0Average Molecular Weight 140Fractional Polarity 0Hydrogen Bonding Characteristics Non-bondingSolubility Parameter 7.8

SPECIALTY PRODUCTS

ULTRA-CHECK®

Ultramar’s Ultra-Check fluid analysis program is a reasonable cost, preventative maintenance program that detectssymptoms of impending equipment failure through used oil analysis. It is designed to provide end users, such asowner/operators, fleet & plant maintenance managers, with the best information about performance of a lubricant in all typesof mobile and heavy industrial equipment applications.

The Ultra-Check fluid analysis program is a powerful predictive maintenance tool, which evaluates the condition of thelubricant and the equipment when used on a routine basis. Fluid analysis will enhance your ability to identify problems beforethey become costly failures, which result in unscheduled downtime and lost production.

The following packages are available through the Ultra-Check fluid analysis program.

Ultra-Check MOB 1

The MOB 1 package includes 12 sample kits, which provide the following routine analysis:- Spectrographic analysis of 17 elements for wear metals, contaminants and additives.- Contamination: dirt, water, soot, fuel, glycol, IR data- Oil Condition: additive package, Viscosity @ 100°C- Recommendation: summary and necessary corrective action

MOB 1 is recommended for routine analysis of diesel and gasoline engines operating under normal drain intervals. Theycan also be used for routine analysis of transmissions (automatic & manual), power trains (differential & planetary), andverification of new (unused) oil.

Ultra-Check MOB 2

The MOB 2 package includes 12 sample kits. It includes all the tests from MOB 1 package plus:- TAN or TBN

Any automotive equipment that is operating under extended drain conditions should use MOB 2 test kits. These kits reportTAN or TBN to monitor the degradation or the build up of acids in the oil. Oils with high TAN or low TBN levels generallyexperience oil thickening, sludging, improper oil flow, and corrosion of components.

Ultra-Check IND 2

The IND 2 package includes 12 sample kits, which provide the following routine analysis:- Spectrographic analysis of 17 elements for wear metals, contaminants and additives.- Particle Count & ISO Cleanliness Rating- Contamination; dirt, water, visible debris patch- Oil Condition: additive package, Viscosity @ 40°C, Total Acid Number (TAN)- Recommendation: summary and necessary corrective action

IND 2 test kits are recommended for routine testing of industrial hydraulics, compressors (refrigeration & air), and gears(worm, bevel, differential & final drives).

Any industrial equipment that is undergoing extended oil drain interval operation should use IND 2 test kits. These kitsinclude TAN testing to monitor the degradation of the oil, as well as the build up of acids in the oil. Oils with high TAN lev-els generally experience oil thickening, sludging, improper oil flow, and corrosion of components. Material Safety Data Sheets

SPECIALTY PRODUCTS

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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS

Material Safety Data Sheets have been prepared for all Ultramar products to comply with Federal and Provincialhealth and safety related laws and regulations.

Material Safety Data Sheets are available from :- www.ultramar.ca/lubricants/- your Ultramar lubricant specialist- your Ultramar lubricant supplier

If you are unable to locate your Ultramar lubricant supplier, please contact the Ultramar at the telephone numberslisted on the back cover of the Product Digest.

Material Safety Data Sheets - Numerical Index

MSDS Number Product Name5201 Solvent 31395202 Solvent 31355210 Kerosene 1-K5401 Ultralube Supreme Motor Oil5402 Ultralube Super Plus Motor Oil5403 Ultra 2 Cycle Motor Oil5404 Ultra Snowmobile Oil5405 Ultralube ATF5406 Ultra Outboard Motor Oil5408 Ultratrak Fluid5410 Ultra Gearlub5411 Ultramar Motor Oil5412 Ultra Hydraulik HVI5413 Ultrarok5414 Ultra Hydraulik AW5415 Ultraway5416 Compressor Oil5419 Ultralube EP5420 Ultratherm5421 Turbine Oil5422 Paper Machine Oil5423 Ultraflex Oil5424 Ultracycl Oils5425 Ultra Chain Oil5426 Ultrakut T5428 Ultrakut EP5432 Ultrakut Soluble5433 Ultrakool5435 Ultrastic Oil5437 Ultra Locomotive5438 Ultraform 465442 Atlanta D-3005 Marine5443 Talusia HR Marine

MATERIAL DATA SHEETS

MA

TE

RIA

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AFE

TY

DA

TA S

HE

ET

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Material Safety Data Sheets - Numerical Index

MSDS Number Product Name5444 Disola M Marine 5446 Aurelia Marine5450 UltraQUAD ATV Oil5456 Ultralube TO-4 Fluid5457 Champion Hydraulik AW5460 Extreme Synthetic Snowmobile5472 Ultra R&O5473 Extreme 100% Synthetic Motor Oil5477 Odyssey XLD5478 Ultramar Synthetic Gear5479 Ultramar Synthetic SAE 505480 Odyssey XLD Synthetic 5W-405601 Barium Moly5605 Ultra Lithium EP5607 Ultra Lithium Moly EP5611 Ultra Alimar5618 Ultraplex EP5619 Ultraplex Moly EP5620 Ultramar RC Grease5621 Ultramax SB EP

MATERIAL DATA SHEETS

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Oil Classification Systems

In selecting the proper engine oil, the vehicle owner/operator must consider both the oil viscosity and the lubricant servicerequirements for the vehicle. To enable the owner/operator to properly identify the oil type, the engine manufacturers andthe petroleum industry utilize two classification systems: SAE Engine Oil Viscosity Classification and API Engine ServiceClassification.

SAE Engine Oil Viscosity Classification

The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) has established that twelve viscosity grades are suitable for engine oils. The physical requirements for these viscosity grades are described in SAE J300, which is intended for use by engine manufacturers in determining engine oil viscosity grades suitable for use in their engines. Current low and high temperatureviscosity requirements for these viscosity grades are shown below.

SAE Viscosity Grades For Engine OilsSAE J300

Viscosity (cP) High ShearSAE at Temperature Viscosity (cSt) Viscosity (cP)

Viscosity (°C) @100°C @150°CGrade Cranking Pumpability Minimum Maximum Min.

0W 6200@-35 60000@-40 3.8 - -5W 6600@-30 60000@-35 3.8 - -

10W 7000@-25 60000@-30 4.1 - - 15W 7000@-20 60000@-25 5.6 - -20W 9500@-15 60000@-20 5.6 - -25W 13000@-10 60000@-15 9.3 - -20 - - 5.6 <9.3 2.630 - - 9.3 <12.5 2.940 - - 12.5 <16.3 2.9(0W,5W,10W)

10W-40 grades)40 12.5 <16.3 3.7 (15W-40, 20W-40,

25W-40, 40 grades)50 - - 16.3 <21.9 3.760 - - 21.9 <26.1 3.7

The letter “W” following the SAE viscosity grade stands for “winter” and indicates that the oil is suitable for use in colder temperatures. Oils carrying the “W” designation must have the proper viscosity value when measured at appropriate low temperatures. Those SAE classifications which do not include the “W” define oil grades for use at higher temperatures.The viscosity of these oils must have the proper value when measured at 100°C and under high shear conditions at 150°C.

SAE 20W and SAE 20 are two separate classifications. High viscosity index oils will usually meet the viscosity requirements of both. SAE 20 and SAE 20W. The oils are classified as SAE 20W-20.

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The development of viscosity index improvers allowed for the development and manufacture of multi-grade motor oils. Multi-grade motor oils such as SAE 5W-30, 10W-30, etc. are widely used because they are light enough for easy crankingat low temperatures, but heavy enough to perform well at high temperatures.

The car manufacturers’ recommendations found in the owner’s vehicle manual for crankcase oil viscosity should be followedat all times. However, a basic guide is shown in the following table.

Guide to SAE Viscosity Grades – Engine Oils

Ambient Temperature Range SAE Grade-40°C to 40°C 0W-30-35°C to 40°C 5W-30-30°C to >40°C 10W-30, 10W-40-25°C to >40°C 15W-40-20°C to >40°C 20W-50-30°C to 20°C 10W-20°C to 30°C 20W0°C to >40C 305°C to >40°C 4010°C to >40°C 5020°C to >40°C 60

The ambient temperatures quoted above should only be taken as a guide. For the exact SAE grade required for your vehicle, consult the owner’s manual.

It is important to understand that the SAE viscosity classification system only refers to viscosity and indicates nothing aboutthe type or quality of oil or the service which it is intended.

API Service Classifications - Engine Oils

The American Petroleum Institute (API) is an organization representing the petroleum product manufacturers in the UnitedStates. The current API engine service classification is divided into two major categories, S series, covering engine oils generally sold for use in passenger cars, vans, and light trucks, and the C series, for engine oils used in commercial, farm,construction and off-highway vehicles. An oil, however, can be formulated to meet both an S and a C classifications.

The objective of the API classification system is to provide an effective means of communication between the engine manufacturer, the oil companies, and the engine owner. The engine manufacturers recommend oil quality for their vehiclesusing the API designations. Also, the API designations are often tied to the warranties. Since the introduction of the currentAPI system, the changes in the engine design and operation severity have led to the need for better quality lubricants andthe API classification has changed periodically to reflect this evolution. Earlier API classifications are now obsolete and theengine tests needed to qualify the oil are in many cases no longer available.

API Service SA - SH

These service classifications are obsolete.

API Service SJ

API service classification SJ was adopted for use in describing engine oils available in the 1997 model year. These oils arefor use in service typical of gasoline engines in passenger car, sport utility vehicle, van, and light truck operations under vehicle manufacturers’ recommended maintenance procedures. Oils meeting API service classification SJ may be usedwhere engine oils that meet API service classification SH and earlier have been recommended.

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API Service SL

API service classification SL was adopted for use on July 1, 2001. These oils are for use in gasoline engines in passengercar, sport utility vehicle, van, and light truck operations. This new standard is intended to improve oil volatility, oil service life,and emissions system compatibility. Oils meeting API Service Classification SL may be used where SJ and earlier have beenrecommended.

These oils, in the appropriate viscosity grade, also meet the ILSAC GF-3 specification and/or qualify as Energy Conserving(EC).

API Service SMAPI Service SM was instituted for use in December 2004. These oils are intended for use in gasoline engines in current andearlier model year passenger cars, sport utility vehicles, vans and light trucks. This new standard is aimed specifically atimproving volatility, oil life, fuel economy and emissions system compatibility. Oils meeting API Service Classification SMmay be used where API SL and earlier have been recommended.

These oils, in the appropriate viscosity grade, also meet the ILSAC GF-4 specification and/or qualify as Energy Conserving(EC).

Service Classifications for Diesel Engines

API Service CJ-4 - 2007 Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service

Introduced in late 2006. For use in high speed, four-stroke diesel engines designed to meet the 2007 model year on-high-way exhaust emission standards.These oils are compounded for use in all applications with diesel fuels ranging in sulphurcontent up to 500 ppm (0.05 % by weight). However, use of these oils with greater than 15 ppm (0.0015 % by weight) sul-phur fuel may impact exhaust after-treatment system durability and/or oil drain interval. API CJ-4 oils are effective at sus-taining emission control system durability where particulate filters and other advanced after-treatment systems areused.Optimum protection is provided for control of cataylst poisoning, particulate filter blocking, engine wear, pistondeposits, low and high temperature stability, soot handling capabilities, oxidative thickening, foaming, and viscosity loss dueto shear. API CJ-4 oils can effectively lubricate engines calling for API Service Categories CI-4 PLUS, CI-4, CH-4, CG-4 andCF-4. When using CJ-4 oils with higher than 15 ppm sulphur fuel, consult the engine manufacture for the proper oil drainand service intervals.

API Service CI-4 PLUS - 2004 Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service

API Service CI-4 engine oils that also carry the classification CI-4 PLUS are formulated to provide a higher level of protec-tion against soot-related viscosity increase and viscosity loss due to shear in vehicles powered by diesel engines. For usein high speed, four-stroke diesel engines used in on-highway and off-road applications where the fuel sulphur content rangefrom less than 0.05% by weight. These oils are especially effective at sustaining engine durability where Exhaust GasRecirculation (EGR) and other exhaust emission components may be used. Provides enhanced performance in terms of vis-cosity control, soot accumulation, oxidation stability and piston deposits.These oils are superior in performance to thosemeeting API CI-4, CH-4, CG-4 and CF-4, they can effectively lubricate engines calling for those API Service Categories.

API Service CI-4 - 2003 Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service

API Service Classification CI-4 describes oils for use in high speed, four-stroke diesel engines used in highway and off-roadapplications where the fuel sulfur content ranges from less than 0.05 % to 0.5% by weight. These oils are designed to meetthe 2004 exhaust emission standards, sustain engine durability where exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is used. They mayalso be used where API CD, CE, CF-4, CG-4 and CH-4 are required.

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API Service CG-4 - For Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service

API Service Classification CG-4 describes oils for use in high speed, four-stroke diesel engines used in highway and off-road applications where the fuel sulfur content may vary from less than 0.05% wt. up to 0.5% wt. CG-4 oils provide effec-tive control over high temperature piston deposits, wear, corrosion, foaming, oxidation, and soot accumulation. These oilsare especially effective in engines designed to meet 1994 exhaust emission standards and may also be used in enginesrequiring API Service Classifications CD, CE and CF-4. Oils designated for API Service classification have been in existencesince 1995.

API Service CF - For Off-Road Indirect Injected Diesel Engine Service

API Service Classification CF denotes service typical of off-road indirect injected diesel engines and other diesel enginesthat use a broad range of fuel types including those with a sulfur content over 0.5 % wt. Effective control of piston deposits,wear, and corrosion of copper containing bearings, is essential for these engines, which may be naturally-aspirated, turbo-charged, or supercharged. Oils designated for this service may also be used when API Service Classification CD is recom-mended.

API Service CF-2 - For Two-Stroke Cycle Diesel Engine Service

API Service Classification CF-2 denotes service typical of two-stroke cycle engines requiring highly effective control overcylinder and ring-face scuffing and deposits. Oils designated for this service have been in existence since 1994 and mayalso be used when API Service Classification CD-II is recommended. These oils do not necessarily meet the requirementsof CF or CF-4 unless the oils have specifically met the performance requirements of the classifications.

API Service CA-CE

These service classifications are obsolete.

47

API Service Classification Symbol

API established the symbol illustrated (referred to as the API «Donut») to provide uniform identification and an improvedmeans for the general public to identify appropriate engine oils in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendation forthat particular vehicle. The symbol is used to display the appropriate API service classification in the upper part of the sym-bol, the SAE viscosity grade in the center of the symbol, and, if applicable, energy conserving designation of the oil in thebottom part of the symbol.

ILSAC Certification Symbol

The ILSAC (International Lubricants Standardization and Approval Committee) certification mark enables the general pub-lic to identify oils, which meet the warranty requirements of the American Automobile Manufacturers Association. The sym-bol is commonly referred to as the «Starburst». This symbol enables the consumer to identify oils which meet the warrantyrequirements of Daimler-Chrysler, Ford, General Motors, as well as the Asian and Japanese automobile manufacturers. Thelatest ILSAC specification is ILSAC GF-4 issued in July 2004. The symbol only applies to multi-viscosity grades 0W-XX, 5W-XX and 10W-XX that not only meet the GF-4 specification, but also meet the API SM and energy conserving classification.The «Starburst» symbol must be displayed on the front label of a motor oil container.

Other Diesel Engine Oil Specifications

Some diesel engine manufacturers have engine oil specifications that are not completely covered under the API classifications.

Mack EO-M PLUS

The Mack EO-M PLUS specification was introduced in 1999 and is mandatory in all MACK 1999 model year engines, whereoil drain intervals are extended as long as 80,000-km or 50,000 miles. These oils must be multi-grade and meet the require-ments of API CI-4. In addition, they must pass the Mack T-8E, Mack T-9 and the Cummins M-11 engine tests.

Mack EO-N Premium Plus 03

This specification was required for engines which utilize exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The Mack EO-N Premium Plus 03oils exceeded both the API API CI-4 and previous Mack specifications.

Mack EO-O Premium Plus 07This specification defined the requirements for Mack engines designed to meet the EPA 2007 on-road emission require-ments and are equipped with diesel particulate filters (DPF). It exceeds API CJ-4 with tighter pass limits in the Mack T-12,Cummins ISM, Cummins ISB engine tests plus the Volvo VDS-4. Mack EO-O Premium Plus 07 surpasses the requirementsof previous Mack specifications, so the oils are considered to be backward servicable in older engines. Can be used inengines with diesel fuel containing up to 500 ppm of sulphur. Consult the engine manufacture for the proper oil drain andservice intervals.

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Cummins 20071

The Cummins 20071 defines the premium quality engine oil that must be used in Cummins model year 1997 engines operatingin North America with extended drain intervals. These oils must pass the Cummins M-11 engine test at 200 hours, as well as amatrix of other diesel engine tests (Mack, CAT, & GM).

Cummins 20076

The Cummins 20076 specification defines the engine quality that must be used in Cummins 1999 model year engines operatingin North America with extended oil drain intervals. Cummins 20076 oils must pass the Cummins M-11 engine test at 300 hours,as well as matrix of other diesel engine tests with tighter limits as compared to the earlier 20071 specification.

Cummins 20078

Cummins 20078 is defined around the increase performance embodied in the CI-4 tests and limits.

Cummins 20081

A new premium specification for Cummins model year 2007 compliant engines equipped with diesel particulate filters (DPF).It contains no new tests beyond the current API CJ-4 requirements, but has tighter limits on some of the engine tests. . Canbe used in engines with diesel fuel containing up to 500 ppm of sulphur. Consult the engine manufacturer for the proper oildrain and service intervals.

Caterpillar ECF-1

Caterpillar introduced the specification in 2003 for their ACERT (Advanced Combustion Emission Reduction Technology)engines. Requires oils to be either API CI-4/CH-4 quality with less than 1.3 % sulphated ash and pass the CAT 1P test orbe API CI-4/CH-4 quality, 1.3 -1.5 % sulphated ash and have multiple passes with the CAT 1P test.

Caterpillar ECF-3

This specification is identical to API CJ-4 and is their primmary recommendation for CAT 2007 compliant engines equippedwith diesel particulate filters. It is also recommended in legacy on-road equipment when used with diesel fuelcontaining up to 500 ppm of sulphur.Gear Oil Classification Systems - SAE Viscosity Grade

Axle & Manual TransmissionLubricant Viscosity Classification

SAE J306

SAE Maximum Temperature Kinematic Viscosity @100°CViscosity For Viscosity of Minimum Maximum

Grade 150,000 cP (°C) cSt cSt70W -55 4.1 -75W -40 4.1 -80W -26 7.0 -85W -12 11.0 -80 - 7.0 <11.090 - 13.5 <24.0110 - 18.5 < 24.0140 - 24.0 <41.0190 - 32.5 < 41.0250 - 41.0 -

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Axle and transmission lubricant viscosity is indicated in the preceding table. Each viscosity grade has distinct criteria for lowand high temperature performance. SAE viscosity selection should be based on the minimum and maximum service tem-peratures. Today’s most commonly used gear lubricants are multi-grade fluids that meet both the low and high temperaturerequirements for the combined grades.

API Service Classification - Automotive Gear Oils

The API Service Classifications were developed to assist manufacturers and end-users in selecting gear lubricants for a vari-ety of operating conditions. The API service classifications range from GL-1 to GL-6 and describe gear lubricants in termsof general type, severity of service and application.

API GL-1

Manual transmissions operating under mild service.

API GL-2

Automotive type worm gear axles not satisfied by API GL-1.

API GL-3

Manual transmissions and spiral-bevel axles under moderately severe service.

API GL-4

Spiral-bevel and hypoid gears in automatic axles under moderate speeds and loads. Typically used in selected manualtransmission and transaxle applications. Designates the type of service characteristic of gears operating under highspeed,low torque, and low-speed, high torque conditions.

API GL-5

Hypoid gears in severest service including high-speed and shock loading.

API GL-6

Technically obsolete specification. Gears with very high pinion offset.

API MT-1

Designates use in non-synchronized manual transmissions used on buses and heavy-duty trucks. Lubricants meeting therequirements of API MT-1 provide protection against the combination of thermal degradation, component wear and oil seal dete-rioration which is not provided by lubricants meeting only the requirements of API GL-4 and GL-5. API MT-1 does not addressthe performance requirements of synchronized transmissions and transaxles in passenger car and heavy-duty applications.

Viscosity Classification of Industrial OilsIt was the standard practice in North America for many years to define the viscosity of industrial lubricating oils in Saybolt UniversalSeconds (SUS) at reference temperatures of 100°F and 210°F. This method for defining viscosity has limited use at this time.

There is now a worldwide acceptance of the International Organization for Standardization’s (ISO) proposal to establish anduse viscosity measurements in centistokes (cSt) at 40°C and 100°C temperatures.Advantages of ISO Viscosity Grades:1) Global acceptance benefits customers, manufacturers and marketers. 2) The lubricant viscosity grade that is recom-mended by the equipment manufacturer corresponds to the same number mentioned in the product name. 3) Conversionfrom one viscosity measurement to another is virtually eliminated. 4) The number in the product name for most products rep-resents the viscosity for industrial oil.

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Not involved in this new measurement system are all automotive crankcase and gear oils which continue to be designatedby the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) viscosity classifications. The table below shows the kinematic viscosity lim-its for each ISO Viscosity Grade. Each viscosity grade is 50% higher in viscosity than the preceding viscosity grade. Theselimits are set at a 10 percent tolerance level above and below the mid-point of a grade. Any product with a viscosity outsidethese tolerance levels is not a recognized ISO Viscosity Grade.

Viscosity Classification of Industrial Oils

ISO Viscosity System for Industrial Fluid Lubricants

ISO Viscosity Mid Point cSt Minimum MaximumGrade @ 40 °C cSt cSt

2 2.2 1.98 2.423 3.2 2.88 3.525 4.6 4.14 5.067 6.8 6.12 7.48

10 10 9.00 11.015 15 13.5 16.522 22 19.8 24.232 32 28.8 35.246 46 41.4 50.668 68 61.2 74.8

100 100 90.0 110150 150 135 165220 220 198 242320 320 288 352460 460 414 506680 680 612 748

1000 1000 900 11001500 1500 1350 1650

AGMA Numbers

The American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA) has set up a numbering system to define gear oil viscositiesrequired for various speed reducer types and applications. These AGMA Lubricant Numbers are normally stamped on themanufacturer's metal nameplate. ISO Viscosity Grade numbers and AGMA numbers can be compared as shown in the tablebelow.

Viscosity RangeEP R & O ISO VG Grade cSt @ 40 °C- 1 46 41.4 - 50.6

2 EP 2 68 61.2 - 74.83 EP 3 100 90 - 1104 EP 4 150 135 - 1655 EP 5 220 198 - 2426 EP 6 320 288 - 3527 EP 7A Comp 460 414 - 5068 EP 8 Comp 680 612 - 748

8A EP 8A Comp 1000 900 - 1100

AGMA # EP requirements are met by Ultralube EP gear oils of proper viscosity. AGMA R&O requirements are met with UltraR&O and Ultra Hydraulik AW Oils. The compounded grades designated "COMP" are met by Ultracyl in the appropriategrades, which contain additional lubricity additives. Automotive gear oils for hypoid gears are designated by SAE for viscosity grades and API for quality levels. These oils may be used in many speed reducers but oils designed to meet AGMArequirements cannot be used in automotive differentials and transmissions.

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1500

ISOVG

VISCOSITY EQUIVALENTS

1000 8A

AGMAGRADE

SA

YB

OLT

VIS

CO

SIT

Y, U

NIV

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SA

L S

EC

ON

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(SU

S)

@ 1

00°F

KIN

EM

AT

IC V

ISC

OS

ITY,

CE

NT

ISTO

KE

S (

cSt)

@ 4

0°C

8

7

6

5 50

SAEENGINE

OILS

140

10,000

5000

3000

2000

1000

500

400

300

200

100

6010

20

30

4050

60

80100

200

300

400

500600

8001000

2000

SAEGEAROILS

90

85W

80W

75W

40

30

20

15W

10W5W&0W

4

3

2

1

680

460

320

220

150

100

68

46

32

22

15

10

Viscosity Comparisons

Viscosities designated by various societies or organizations may be compared as shown in the following table.

NOTES:This is strictly a viscosity comparison and under no circumstance should it be construed as a quality level comparison.

- Read across horizontally. - Assumes 100 VI grade oils.- Equivalence is in terms of viscosity at 40 °C only. Quality requirements are a separate consideration. - Viscosity limits are approximate: For precise data, consult ISO, AGMA and SAE specifications.- W grades are represented only in terms of approximate 40°C viscosity. For low temperature limits, consult SAE

specifications.- ISO = International Organization for Standardization- AGMA = American Gear Manufacturers Association - SAE = Society of Automotive Engineers

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Viscosity Conversion Table

Kinematic SUS Kinematic SUS Kinematic SUS(cSt) (cSt) (cSt)

2 32.6 46 214 240 11123 36.0 50 233 250 11594 39.1 55 256 260 12055 42.5 60 279 270 12516 45.7 65 312 280 12977 49.0 70 325 290 13448 52.0 75 349 300 13909 55.7 80 372 315 1460

10 59.0 85 395 330 152911 62.5 90 418 350 162212 66.2 95 442 370 171513 70.0 100 465 390 180715 77.5 110 511 410 190017 85.5 120 558 430 199019 94 130 605 450 209021 105 140 649 470 218023 111 150 695 490 227025 120 160 742 500 232028 133 170 788 550 254030 142 180 834 600 278033 155 190 881 650 301035 164 200 927 700 324038 178 210 973 750 347040 187 220 1020 800 370043 200 230 1066 900 4250

Lubricants Handling and Storage

During storage it is important to guard against contamination, which can drastically reduce the performance and life of alubricant. Preventing contamination during storage has a direct payback in terms of optimum lubricant performance, longerlubricant life and reduced maintenance costs.

Inside Storage

Lubricants preferably should be stored inside. However, even then there are certain procedures that should be followed:

- The temperature of the storage area should remain moderate and not subject to wide fluctuations.- The storage area should be located away from industrial contamination, such as fumes or dust.- The storage area and dispensing equipment should be kept clean.- Labels, stencils, markings on containers and dispensing equipment should be kept legible to avoid cross-contamination

or incorrect application.

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Outside Storage

If outside storage is unavoidable, then the following procedures should be followed:

- Ensure that the bungs on drums are screwed in tight.- Store drums horizontally, with bungs below the oil level. This prevents the seals from drying out and tending to leak. - Drums stored on their sides should be clear of the ground and rest on wooden or steel beams. They may be stacked three

high if wedged properly to prevent movement.- Stacking often results in the bottom drums never being used, so the use of a rack is preferred.- Do not store drums on end with the bungs on top. Rainwater collects on the drumhead and is drawn into the oil when the

drum breathes during temperature cycles. If drums must be stored this way, they should be tilted first by standing on edge, on a 2 x 4 piece of lumber. When oil is drawn from the drum, the head should be wiped clean first.

- Drums preferably should be covered with drum covers or tarpaulin to protect them from the elements. - To minimize contamination and the effects of weathering, time spent in outdoor storage should be kept to a minimum. - Outdoor storage locations should be away from dusty areas. Opening drums in such conditions may contaminate the

contents.- Smaller container sizes, such as pails and kegs, should be kept covered, examined regularly and kept to a minimum to

provide a quick turnover.

Product Handling

In Canada, most lubricating oils and greases are not controlled under WHMIS legislation. However, care and certain handling procedures should be followed to avoid skin contact and inhalation of oil vapours during use. Material Safety DataSheets (MSDS) on all petroleum products are available from your Ultramar Sales Representative or Technical ServicesDepartment.

The following guidelines apply for handling lubricating oils and greases, as well as other petroleum products. Always remember to:

- Read and understand your Material Safety Data Sheet on the product being handled.- Use protective equipment to avoid and minimize skin contact.- Quickly remove any product that does get on the skin.- Do not use gasoline, kerosene or similar solvents to remove lubricants and greases from the skin. They will remove the

natural oils from the skin and cause dryness.- Use mild non-abrasive soap and warm water or a recommended hand cleaner to remove lubricating oil and grease from

the skin. Dry using clean hand towels.- Wash hands and arms at the end of the working day and before eating.- Remove any contaminated clothing and clean thoroughly before re-use.- Dispose oily rags in the proper container and not in your pocket. Discard oil soaked shoes or boots.- Avoid inhaling oil mist and solvent vapours.- Clean up all spilled lubricant and grease immediately and dispose in accordance to environmental and municipal

guidelines. Keep product out of sewers and waterways.- Get first aid for all cuts and scrapes and report as required.- Obtain medical advice concerning any potential health hazard problems.

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Storage Life (Shelf Life)

The storage life of a petroleum product represents the maximum time a product should be kept in storage before it is used.Most lubricants and grease products will remain suitable for use after the recommended storage life has ended if proper procedures described previously are followed. The storage life will be reduced if the product is stored outside or experiencesextreme temperature cycling.

Some products are less stable than others due to the components used to blend the finished product. Procedures shouldbe in place to ensure lubricants are utilized before they reach their recommended storage life. In the case of automotivelubricants, in addition to the storage life, care must be taken to ensure the proper specification is current to maximize engineperformance.

All Ultramar petroleum product packages and containers are identified with a filling code.YYMMDDP (for most packagedproducts)

YY represents the last two digits of the year, MM represents the month, DD represents the day, and P designates the manufacturing plant.

Greases

Grease may be defined as «A solid to semi-solid material produced by the dispersion of a thickening agent in a liquid lubricant. Other ingredients imparting special properties may be included.»

Regular Greases

Regular greases (calcium, sodium, and lithium) are simple metallic soap thickened mineral oils. The soap supplies the fibrestructure, which gives the grease a semi-solid body. The lubricating oil fills the spaces between the fibrous structure similarto the way water is held by a sponge.

Note: Fatty Acids are waxy substances derived from animal fats and/or vegetable oils.

Complex Greases

Complex greases are similar to a regular greases except that the thickener contains two dissimilar fatty acids, one of whichis the complex forming agent, which are reacted with a metal hydroxide. These greases generally have very good multi-purpose characteristics i.e. high dropping points, excellent water resistance, and good shear stability.

Thickener

Fatty Acid+

MetalHydroxide

5 - 20%

Lubricatingoil

75 - 95%

Additives

0 - 15%

Thickener

Fatty Acid I+

MetalHydroxide

+Fatty Acid II

Lubricatingoil

Additives

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Lubricating OilThe high percentage of oil by weight (75-95%) in grease necessitates that it be of high quality and proper viscosity for theintended application. Light viscosity oil is normally used for low temperature, low load and high-speed applications.Conversely, heavy viscosity oil is generally used for high temperature, high load and slow speed applications.

Additives

The most common additives found in grease are as follows:

Oxidation Inhibitors Prolongs the life of grease. Prevent the oil in the grease from oxidizing and forming harmful corrosive products.

EP Agents Coats the metal contact surfaces and guards against galling and scoring under heavy loads.

Anti-Corrosion Agents Protects the metal surfaces against attack from water, sulfides or corrosive compounds.Adhesive Agents Improves the adhesive strength of the lubricant. Anti-Wear Agents Prevents abrasion and metal to metal contact. Includes solids such as Molybdenum

Disulfide or liquid products.

Factors Influencing Grease Characteristics

The most important factors affecting the properties and characteristics of grease are:

- Amount and type of thickener - Oil viscosity and physical characteristics- Additives- Manufacturing techniques

Reasons For Using Grease

Greases are most often used instead of fluids where a lubricant is required to maintain its original position in a equipmentcomponent, especially where opportunities for frequent re-lubrication may be limited or economically unjustifiable.

Grease is expected to:

- Provide adequate lubrication to reduce friction and wear- Provide protection against corrosion- Act as a seal to prevent entry of water and contaminants- Resist leakage, dripping and throw-off- Resist change in structure or consistency during prolonged service- Maintain mobility under conditions of application- Be compatible with seal materials- Tolerate some degree of contamination without loss of significant characteristics

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Grease Terminology

Consistency - the degree of hardness of a grease and may vary considerably with temperature. The National LubricatingGrease Institute (NLGI) has classified grease consistency into the following categories:

NLGI GRADE PENETRATION@ 25°C (1/10th mm)

000 445 – 47500 400 – 4300 355 – 3851 310 – 3402 265 – 2953 220 – 2504 175 – 2055 130 – 1606 85 – 115

Shear Stability - is the ability of grease to resist a change in consistency during mechanical working. Under high rates ofshear, grease structures tend to change in consistency (usually softer).

Oil Separation - is the percentage of oil, which separates from the grease under static (e.g. storage) conditions. It is notintended to predict separation tendencies under dynamic conditions.

High Temperature Stability - is the ability of grease to retain its consistency, structure and performance at temperatures inexcess of 125°C.

Oxidation Stability - is the ability of grease to resist a chemical reaction with oxygen. Oxidized oils contain resinous materials, which are not soluble. The grease darkens and may be corrosive to certain metals.

Low Temperature Pumpability - measures the ability of grease to flow and provide adequate lubrication at low temperatures.

Anti-wear - is the ability of grease to protect against metal to metal abrasion and wear under abnormal loading condtions.

Extreme Pressure - is the ability of the grease to protect heavily loaded and sliding surfaces from welding, spalling, andsubsequent scoring.

Water Resistance - depending on the soap base, water may have a harmful effect on a grease structure. Under homogenizing conditions, water will cause the grease down to a fluid consistency. Greases can vary in their resistance to water sprayed on them.

Corrosion Resistance - is the ability of grease to protect lubricated surfaces against chemical attack by water or other contaminants.

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Automotive Grease Service Classification

The following five (5) categories for Automotive Service Greases have been developed by the NLGI. The scope of this classification (ASTM D 4950) covers greases designed for the lubrication of chassis components and wheel bearings of passenger cars, trucks and other vehicles. The NLGI classifies automotive service greases into two (2) main groups:Chassis greases, designed by the prefix L and Wheel Bearing greases designated by the prefix G. The following table outlines the five (5) categories:

NLGI Automotive Service Grease Categories

Category Service PerformanceLA Frequent re-lubrication intervals (<3200 km). Oxidation resistant, shear stableChassis Mild duty (non-critical applications). and corrosion and wear protective.LB Prolonged re-lubrication intervals (>3200 km). Oxidation resistant, shear stable, andChassis Mild to severe duty (high loads, vibration, corrosion and wear protective even under

exposure to water). heavy loads and in presence of aqueouscontamination. Temperature ranges -40°C to 120°C.

GA Wheel Frequent re-lubrication intervals. Mild duty Temperature ranges -20°C to 70°C.Bearings (non-critical applications). GB Wheel Mild to moderate duty (cars, trucks in urban and Oxidation and evaporation resistant,Bearings highway service.) shear stable, and corrosion and wear

protective. Temperature ranges -40°C to 120°C with occasional excursions to 160°C.

GC Wheel Mild to severe duty (vehicles in frequent stop Oxidation and evaporation resistant, shear Bearings and go service, trailer hauling, mountain driving, stable, and corrosion and wear protective.

etc.) Temperature ranges -40°C to 120°C with frequent to160°C and occasional excursions to 200°C.

Grease Compatibility

Compatibility of different grease types can occasionally cause a problem. Incompatibility usually results in reduced consistency due to breakdown of the grease structure, which alters the properties and performance features. Where thedemands on the grease are moderate (medium speeds, moderate loads, average temperatures) the performance of thegrease mixture may be adequate. Where heavy loads, high speeds, and high temperatures are encountered, proper lubrication practice requires that the old grease must be removed completely and the bearing cleaned.

This is not always practical, adequate removal of the old grease can be accomplished by purging repeatedly with newgrease. Caution: be careful not to overfill the bearing, too much grease is the biggest cause of bearing failures!

Li Li Al Ca Barium Sodium Bentone Silica Poly MicrogelCplx Cplx Cplx Gel Urea

Lithium Complex - Y N Y N N N Y Y YLithium Y - N Y N N N Y Y YAluminum Complex N N N N N N N Y N YCalcium Complex Y Y N - Y N N N N YBarium N N N Y - N N Y N YSodium N N N N N - N N N NBentone N N N N N N - Y N YSilica gel Y Y Y N Y N Y - N YPolyurea Y Y N N N N N N - YMicrogel Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y Y -

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Note: This chart is based on laboratory tests and some field-test experiences. However when greases of different thickenertypes are used, it is always wise to confirm the compatibility of the two greases in question with each supplier. Compatibilitytests show that one may need to reach a level of 50% of the second grease before compatibility problems show up.

Grease Properties

The following chart is designed to help you select a type of grease that will satisfy the intended application.

PROPERTY REGULAR GREASES COMPLEX GREASES SYNTHETIC CLAYCalcium Lithium Sodium Aluminum Calcium Barium Lithium Polyurea Bentone

Dropping Pt °C 80-100 175-205 170-200 260+ 260+ 200+ 260+ 250+ NoneMax Temp °C 65 125 125 150 150 150 160 150 150 (1)High Temp V. Poor Good Good Exc Exc Good Exc Exc ExcUseLow Temp Fair Good Poor Good Fair Poor Good Good GoodMobilityMech. Fair Good Fair Exc Good Fair Exc Good FairStabilityWater Resist. Exc Good Poor Exc Exc Exc Exc Exc FairOxidation Poor Good Good Exc Exc Poor Good Exc GoodStabilityTexture Smooth Smooth Fibrous Smooth Smooth Fibrous Smooth Smooth Smooth

or Smooth(1) These temperatures refer to continuous operation. They may be exceeded temporarily in the case of complex greases,

and where rigorous lubrication practice is followed.

Pointers on the use of greases:

- Always keep container lids closed- Clean application equipment (spatula, guns, grease nipples) before and after use- Use only fresh clean, and easily evaporated solvent for cleaning lubricating equipment and components- Re-lubricate bearings immediately after their cleaning before storing them- NEVER spin a dry bearing!- Do not mix greases of different thickener types without previous approval from supplier(s) due to the possibility of

incompatibility

Before lubricating new equipment, make sure that the grease used will endure the conditions of temperatures, humidity, rotation speeds, and vibrations to which it will be exposed.

How to choose a grease:

- Find out the most demanding component in the equipment to lubricate: plain bearing, rolling bearing…- What oil viscosity will satisfy its demands?- Is there a grease in our inventory that will satisfy this requirement? Will it remain pumpable at all times, in order to reach

the application?- What is the temperature at the area of contact? Is the dropping of the grease high enough?- If the environment is highly humid, can the grease protect against corrosion under this condition?- How efficient are the seals? Is the grease sufficiently consistent to assure an effective seal against water and dirt ingress?

If a more or a less consistent grade is available, will it dispense well enough and satisfy all the above requirements? If not, will more frequent lubrication be a satisfactory solution?

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TEMPERATURE CONVERSION TABLECentigrade / Fahrenheit

Centigrade Reading Fahrenheit Centigrade Reading Fahrenheit

-56.7 -70 -94.0 -2.2 28 82.4-51.1 -60 -76.0 -1.7 29 84.2-45.6 -50 -58.0 -1.1 30 86.0-40.0 -40 -40.0 -0.6 31 87.8-34.4 -30 -22.0 0 32 89.6-28.9 -20 -4.0 0.6 33 91.4-23.3 -10 14.0 1.1 34 93.2-17.8 0 32.0 1.7 35 95.0-17.2 1 33.8 2.2 36 96.8-16.7 2 35.6 2.8 37 98.6-16.1 3 37.4 3.3 38 100.4-15.6 4 39.2 3.9 39 102.2-15.0 5 41.0 4.4 40 104.4-14.4 6 42.8 5.0 41 105.8-13.9 7 44.6 5.6 42 107.6-13.3 8 46.4 6.1 43 109.4-12.8 9 48.2 6.7 44 111.2-12.2 10 50.0 7.2 45 113.0-11.7 11 51.8 7.8 46 114.8-11.1 12 53.6 8.3 47 116.6-10.6 13 55.4 8.9 48 118.4-10.0 14 57.2 9.4 49 120.2-9.4 15 59.0 10.0 50 122.0-8.9 16 60.8 10.6 51 123.8-8.3 17 62.6 11.1 52 125.6-7.8 18 64.4 11.7 53 127.4-7.2 19 66.2 12.2 54 129.2-6.7 20 68.0 12.8 55 131.0-6.1 21 69.8 13.3 56 132.8-5.6 22 71.6 13.9 57 134.6-5.0 23 73.4 14.4 58 136.4-4.4 24 75.2 15.0 59 138.2-3.9 25 77.0 15.6 60 140.0-3.3 26 78.8 16.1 61 141.8-2.8 27 80.6 16.7 62 143.6

Centigrade Reading Fahrenheit Centigrade Reading Fahrenheit

17.2 63 145.4 43 110 23017.8 64 147.2 49 120 24818.3 65 149.0 54 130 26618.9 66 150.8 60 140 28419.4 67 152.6 66 150 30220.0 68 154.4 71 160 32020.6 69 156.2 77 170 33821.1 70 158.0 82 180 35621.7 71 159.8 88 190 37422.2 72 161.6 93 200 39222.8 73 163.4 99 210 41023.3 74 165.2 100 212 41423.9 75 167.0 104 220 42824.4 76 168.8 110 230 44625.0 77 170.6 116 240 46425.6 78 172.4 121 250 48226.1 79 174.2 127 260 50026.7 80 176.0 132 270 51827.2 81 177.8 138 280 53627.8 82 179.6 143 290 55428.3 83 181.4 149 300 57228.9 84 183.2 154 310 59029.4 85 185.0 160 320 60830.0 86 186.8 166 330 62630.6 87 188.6 171 340 64431.1 88 190.4 177 350 66231.7 89 192.2 182 360 68032.2 90 194.0 188 370 69832.8 91 195.8 193 380 71633.3 92 197.6 199 390 73433.9 93 199.4 204 400 75234.4 94 201.2 210 410 77035.0 95 203.0 216 420 78835.6 96 204.8 221 430 80636.1 97 206.6 227 440 82436.7 98 208.4 232 450 84237.2 99 210.2 238 460 86037.8 100 212.0 243 470 878

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Centigrade Reading Fahrenheit Centigrade Reading Fahrenheit

249 480 896 449 840 1544254 490 914 454 850 1562260 500 932 460 860 1580266 510 950 466 870 1598271 520 968 471 880 1616277 530 986 477 890 1634282 540 1004 482 900 1652288 550 1022 488 910 1670293 560 1040 493 920 1688290 570 1058 499 930 1706304 580 1076 504 940 1724310 590 1094 510 950 1742316 600 1112 516 960 1760321 610 1130 521 970 1778327 620 1148 527 980 1796332 630 1166 532 990 1814338 640 1184 538 1000 1832343 650 1202 543 1010 1850349 660 1220 549 1020 1868354 670 1238 554 1030 1886360 680 1256 560 1040 1904366 690 1274 566 1050 1922371 700 1292 571 1060 1940377 710 1310 577 1070 1958382 720 1328 582 1080 1976388 730 1346 588 1090 1994393 740 1364 593 1100 2012399 750 1382 599 1110 2030404 760 1400 604 1120 2048410 770 1418 610 1130 2066416 780 1436 616 1140 2084421 790 1454 621 1150 2102427 800 1472 627 1160 2120432 810 1490 632 1170 2138438 820 1508 638 1180 2156443 830 1526 643 1190 2174

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Centigrade Reading Fahrenheit Centigrade Reading Fahrenheit

649 1200 2192 849 1560 2840654 1210 2210 854 1570 2858660 1220 2228 860 1580 2876666 1230 2246 866 1590 2894671 1240 2264 871 1600 2912677 1250 2282 877 1610 2930682 1260 2300 882 1620 2948688 1270 2318 888 1630 2966693 1280 2336 893 1640 2984699 1290 2354 899 1650 3002704 1300 2372 904 1660 3020710 1310 2390 910 1670 3038716 1320 2408 916 1680 3056721 1330 2426 921 1690 3074727 1340 2444 927 1700 3092732 1350 2462 932 1710 3110738 1360 2480 938 1720 3128743 1370 2498 943 1730 3146749 1380 2516 947 1740 3164754 1390 2534 954 1750 3182760 1400 2552 960 1760 3200766 1410 2570 966 1770 3218771 1420 2588 971 1780 3236777 1430 2606 977 1790 3254782 1440 2624 982 1800 3272788 1450 2642 988 1810 3290793 1460 2660 993 1820 3308799 1470 2678 999 1830 3326804 1480 2696 1004 1840 3344810 1490 2714 1010 1850 3362816 1500 2732 1016 1860 3380821 1510 2750 1021 1870 3398827 1520 2768 1027 1880 3416832 1530 2786 1032 1890 3434838 1540 2804 1038 1900 3452843 1550 2822 1043 1910 3470

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GLOSSARY

COMMON TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ACID NUMBER - (see NEUT NUMBER)

AGMA - (American Gear Manufacturers Association) - one of whose activities is the establishment and promotion of standards for gear lubricants.

ANTI-FOAM AGENT - (see FOAM INHIBITOR)

ANTI-OXIDANT - (see OXIDATION INHIBITOR)

ANTI-WEAR AGENT - An additive that minimizes wear caused by metal-to-metal contact during conditions of mild boundarylubrication (e.g. stops and starts, oscillating motion). The additive reacts chemically with, and forms a film on, metal surfacesunder normal operating conditions.

API - (American Petroleum Institute) - society organized to further the interests of the petroleum industry, in which capacity,it serves to clear information, conduct research, improve marketing conditions, etc. One of the Institute's activities has been thedevelopment of the API SERVICE CLASSIFICATIONS for crankcase oils.

ASH CONTENT - non-combustible residue of a lubricating oil (also fuels) determined in accordance with ASTM D582 - alsoD874 (sulfated ash). Since some detergents are metallic salts or compounds, the percentage of ash has been consideredto have a relationship to detergency. Interpretations can be grossly distorted, however, for the following reasons:1.Detergency depends on the properties of the base oil as well as on the additive. Some combinations of base oil and additive are much more effective than others. 2. Detergents vary considerably in their potency, and some leave more ashthan others do. Organic detergents have been developed, in fact, that leave no ash at all. 3. Additives other than detergentsmay contribute some of the ash. 4. There appears to be a limit to the effective concentration of detergent. Nothing is gainedby exceeding this limit, and a superabundance of detergent may actually reduce cleanliness.

ASLE - (American Society of Lubrication Engineers) - the former name of an organization involved with friction, wear,and lubrication, which is now known as the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers (STLE).

ASTM - (American Society for Testing and Materials) - organization devoted to "the promotion of knowledge of the materials of engineering, and the standardization of specifications and methods of testing." A preponderance of the dataused to describe, identify, or specify petroleum products is determined in accordance with ASTM Test Methods.

AUTO IGNITION TEMPERATURE - See description under FLASH POINT.

BASE NUMBER - (see NEUT NUMBER)

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BOUNDARY LUBRICATION - a state of lubrication characterized by partial contact between two metal surfaces, and partial separation of the surfaces by a fluid film of lubricant. Due to metal-metal contact, severe wear can take place duringboundary lubrication. Specific additives in certain lubricants will minimize wear under boundary lubrication conditions. Theseadditives prevent excessive friction and scoring by providing a film on the metal surface. There are varying degrees ofboundary lubrication, and they are met with various additive types. For the milder conditions, OILINESS ADDITIVES maybe used. These are polar materials that are oil soluble and have an exceptionally high affinity for metal surfaces. Plating outon these surfaces in a thin but durable film, oiliness additives give protection under some conditions that are too severe fora straight mineral oil. In addition, COMPOUNDED OILS that are formulated with polar fatty oils are sometimes used for thispurpose. Another class of boundary lubricants are those which contain ANTI-WEAR ADDITIVES. These additives, typicallyzinc-phosphorus compounds, reduce the wear of metal surfaces, as distinct from reducing the possibility of scoring. Highquality engine oils contain anti-wear additives to protect the heavily loaded parts of modern engines, particularly valve trains.The more severe cases of boundary lubrication are defined as EXTREME PRESSURE (EP) conditions. These conditionsare met with lubricants that contain EP additives. Under the less severe EP conditions, as in certain worm gear or shockloaded applications, a mild EP additive such as sulfurized fatty oils may be used. For somewhat more severe EP conditions,as occurs in many industrial gear sets, a moderate EP additive package is used. Under the most severe extreme pressureconditions, as occurs in automotive hypoid gears and in many rolling mill applications, for example, more active EPcompounds containing sulfur and phosphorus may be used. At the very high local temperatures associated with metal contact, these additives combine chemically with the metal to form a surface film. Not only is this film effective in reducing friction, but it prevents the welding of opposing asperities (high points) and the consequent scoring that isdestructive to sliding surfaces.

BROOKFIELD VISCOSITY - viscosity, in centipoises, as determined on the Brookfield viscometer (ASTM D2983). The operating principle for the Brookfield viscometer is the torque resistance on a spindle rotating in the fluid being tested.Although Brookfield viscosities are most frequently associated with low temperature properties of gear oils and transmissionfluids, they are in fact determined for many other types of lubricant.

CARBON RESIDUE - percent of coked material remaining after a sample of lubricating oil has been exposed to high temperatures under ASTM Method D189 (Conradson) or D524 (Ramsbottom). While carbon residue may have significancein the evaluation of roll oils and pneumatic-tool lubricants, it should be interpreted with caution. There may be little similaritybetween conditions of test and conditions of service. As far as the effects of residue on performance go, moreover, many consider that the type of carbon is of greater significance than the quantity.

CENTIPOISE (cP) - (see VISCOSITY)CENTISTOKE (cSt) - (see VISCOSITY)

CGSB - (Canadian General Standards Board) - a consensus organization composed of people representing producers,users, and general interest groups, which develops standards for products and test methods specifically required in Canada.

CHANNELLING - formation of a "groove" in grease (or in oil too viscous to flow readily under existing conditions). Themotion of a lubricated element, such as a gear or the rolling member of an anti-friction bearing cuts channels. The amountof channeling can be controlled to a large extent by the consistency or viscosity of the lubricant. While some degree of channeling is desirable to prevent excessive churning of the lubricant, particularly in high speed rolling element bearings, a channel so permanent as to preclude further movement of lubricant to the contacting surfaces might cause equipment failure due to lack of lubricant.

CLOUD POINT - (see POUR POINT)

COMPOUNDED OIL - a blend of petroleum oil with small amounts of fatty or synthetic fatty oils is referred to as COMPOUNDING. Compounded oils are used for certain wet applications to prevent washing-off of the lubricant from themetal surfaces. The fatty materials enable the oil to combine physically with the water instead of being displaced by it.Cylinder oils for wet steam applications and for some air compressors are compounded. Because the fatty material impartsa strong affinity for metal surfaces, moreover, compounded oils are frequently used for applications in which lubricity or extraload carrying ability is needed. They are not generally recommended, however, for service that requires high oxidation stability. (See BOUNDARY LUBRICATION).

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COPPER STRIP CORROSION - evaluation of a product's tendency to corrode copper or copper alloys, ASTM D130. Testresults are based on the matching of corrosion stains. Non corrosiveness is not to be confused with rust inhibiting, whichdeals with the protection of a surface from some contaminant, such as water, rather than from the oil itself.

CORROSION INHIBITOR - a lubricant additive for protecting surfaces against chemical attack from contaminants in thelubricant. The most common types of corrosion inhibitors generally react chemically with the metal surfaces to be protected,thus forming an inert film in these areas.

DEMULSIBILITY - test time required for a specified oil-water emulsion to break, using ASTM D1401 test method. Highlyrefined straight mineral oils have inherently good demulsibility. Even after violently shaking an oil/water mixture, the oil separates and rises rapidly to the top of the water. This is true also of other oils formulated for good demulsibility. It is a desirable characteristic of oils such as circulating oils that must separate from water readily. Demulsibility is thus a measureof lubricating oil's ability to separate from water, an important consideration in the maintenance of many circulating oil systems.

DETERGENT - an additive in crankcase oils generally combined with dispersant additives. A detergent chemically neutralizesacidic contaminants in the oil before they become insoluble and fall out of the oil, forming sludge. Neutral or basic compoundsare created which can remain in suspension in the oil. DISPERSANTS operate to break up insoluble contaminant particlesalready formed. Particles are kept finely divided so that they can remain "dispersed" or colloidally suspended in the oil.

DISPERSANT - (see DETERGENT)

DROPPING POINT - the temperature at which grease changes from semi-solid to a liquid state under test conditions. It maybe considered an indication of the high temperature limitation for application purposes.

EMULSION - a mechanical mixture of two mutually insoluble liquids (such as oil and water). Emulsification may or may notbe desirable, depending on circumstances. Soluble cutting oils are designed with an emulsifier to maintain a stable emulsionof oil and water for lubricating and cooling machining operations.

EP AGENT - an additive to improve the extreme pressure properties of a lubricant. (see BOUNDARY LUBRICATION).

FIRE POINT - (see FLASH POINT)

FLASH POINT - minimum temperature of a petroleum product or other combustible fluid at which vapour is produced at arate sufficient to yield a combustible mixture. Specifically, it is the lowest sample temperature at which the air vapour mixture will "flash" in the presence of a small flame. Flash point may be determined by the following ASTM Methods:CLOSED CUP (covered sample container): D93 "Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Test" for fuel oils - also for cutbackasphalt and other viscous materials and suspensions of solids: OPEN CUP (uncovered sample container): D92 "Flash andFire Points by Cleveland Open Cup: for lubricating oils. As indicated, this last method provides also for the determination ofa FIRE POINT. Fire point is the minimum sample temperature at which vapour is produced at a sufficient rate to sustaincombustion. Specifically, it is the lowest sample temperature at which the ignited vapour persists in burning for at least 5 seconds. Since the fire points of commercial petroleum oils ordinarily run about 30°C above the corresponding flash point,they are often omitted from petroleum product data. Flash and fire points have obvious safety connotations - the higher thetest temperature the less the hazard of fire or explosion. Of comparable significance, however, is their value in providing a simple indication of volatility, where a lower flash point denotes a more volatile material. The dilution of crankcase oil with fuel, for example, lowers the flash point. Flash and fire points should not be confused with AUTO-IGNITION TEMPERATURE, the temperature at which combustion occurs spontaneously (without an external source of ignition).

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FOAM INHIBITOR - an additive that causes foam to dissipate more rapidly. It promotes the combination of small bubblesinto large bubbles that burst more easily.

FOUR BALL TESTS - two test procedures based on the same principle - the Four-Ball EP Test (ASTM D2596) and Four-Ball Wear Test (ASTM D2266). The three lower balls are clamped together to form a cradle upon which the fourth ballrotates in a vertical axis. The balls are immersed in the lubricant under investigation. The FOUR-BALL WEAR TEST is usedto determine the relative wear preventing properties of lubricants operating under boundary lubrication conditions. The testis carried out at a specified speed, temperature, and load. At the end of a specified period, the average diameter of the wearscar on the three lower balls is reported. The FOUR-BALL EP TEST is designed to evaluate performance under much higher unit loads. In this test the top ball is rotated at a specified speed (1700±60 rpm), but temperature is not controlled.The loading is increased at specified intervals until the rotating ball seizes and welds to the other balls. At the end of eachinterval the average scar diameter is recorded. Two values are generally reported - LOAD WEAR INDEX (formerly meanHertz load) and WELD POINT.

HYDROCRACKING - is a process, which is used by a few manufacturers of superior quality lubricant basestocks. In theprocess, a petroleum feedstock is reacted with hydrogen, in the presence of a catalyst, at very high temperatures (400-425°C) and pressures (3000 plus psi). Under these severe conditions, virtually all the aromatic hydrocarbons present arecracked and saturated to yield a basestock containing 96% to 99.5+% saturated hydrocarbons. The process also eliminatesall traces of sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen containing impurities. Hydrocracking produces very high quality, synthetic-like, basestocks, which when blended with carefully selected additives, give extremely stable lubricants, which perform similarlyto synthetic products.

HYDROFINISHING - (see HYDROTREATING)

HYDROTREATING - a generic name for a refinery process for treating fuels and lubricant feedstocks, at elevated temperatures, in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst. This relatively mild process is sometimes called "Hydrofinishing"and is used to improve the colour and odour of fuels and lubricant basestocks.

HYDRODYNAMIC LUBRICATION - a lubrication regime characterized by a full fluid film between two moving surfaces. Themost common example is the type of lubrication which occurs in oil lubricated journal bearings. The movement of one surface (the shaft or journal) "pulls" lubricating oil into the space between the journal and the bearing. This action developsa high pressure in the fluid, which completely separates the two surfaces. By contrast, in boundary lubrication there is onlya partial fluid film separating the two surfaces and some surface-to-surface contact occurs.

INHIBITOR - additive for the control of an undesirable phenomenon in grease, oils, or fuels, etc. as, for example: oxidationinhibitors, rust inhibitors, foam inhibitors, etc.

ISO (International Organization for Standardization) - an organization which establishes internationally recognized standards for products and test methods. One example is the ISO Viscosity Grade system for industrial oils.

NEUT NUMBER - or NEUTRALIZATION NUMBER: the specific quantity of reagent required to "neutralize" the acidity oralkalinity of a lube oil sample. Either of these characteristics - acidity or alkalinity - may be exhibited by an unused oil,depending on its composition. In addition, certain additives impart acidity, while alkalinity may be derived from the presenceof detergents or of basic material added to control oxidation. In service, the oil will, in time, show increasing acidity as theresult of oxidation and, in some cases, additive depletion. Though acidity is not, of itself, necessarily harmful, an increase inacidity may be indicative of oil deterioration, and NEUT NUMBER is widely used to evaluate the condition of an oil in service. The most common measurement is ACID NUMBER, the specific quantity of KOH (potassium hydroxide) requiredto counterbalance the acid characteristics. How high an acid number can be tolerated depends on the oil and the serviceconditions; and only broad experience with the individual situation can determine such a value. NEUT NUMBER is determined in accordance with the ASTM Method D664 or D974. The former is a potentiometric method, the latter, colorimetric. Values for TOTAL ACID, STRONG ACID, TOTAL BASE, and STRONG BASE can, where they exist, beobtained. Strong acid numbers are considered to be related to inorganic acids, such as those derived from sulfur, while thedifference between the total and strong acid numbers is attributed to weak (organic) acids - possibly the products of oxidation. A total acid number (TAN) and a total base number (TBN) - can exist simultaneously, both representing components too weak to completely neutralize the other. When results are reported simply as "NEUT NUMBER" or "ACIDNUMBER", a TOTAL ACID NUMBER (TAN) is implied.

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OXIDATION - A form of chemical deterioration to which petroleum products - like most other organic materials - are subject.The resistance of many petroleum products to oxidation, however, is very high. Oxidation usually involves the addition ofoxygen atoms, and the result is nearly always one of degradation. It is accelerated by higher temperatures, the reactionbecoming significant at temperatures above 70°C. For every 10°C rise, the rate of oxidation doubles. Oxidation is also promoted by the presence of catalytic metals, copper being particularly active in this latter respect. What is more, the peroxides that are the initial products of oxidation are themselves oxidizing agents. So the oxidation of petroleum productsis a chain reaction; the farther it progresses, the more rapid it becomes. With fuels and lube oils, oxidation produces sludges,varnishes, gums, and acids, all of which are undesirable. Nevertheless, many oils, such as turbine oils, give years of service without need for replacement. Petroleum products that require a long service or storage life can be formulated tomeet requirements by: 1. Proper selection of crude type. Paraffinic oils are noted for natural resistance to oxidation; 2. Thorough refining, which removes oxidation-susceptible materials and allows greater response to inhibitor; 3. Addition ofoxidation inhibitors. Long service is also promoted by good maintenance practices - filtration, centrifuging, or other meansof controlling contamination; limiting duration or intensity of high temperatures; eliminating the presence of air and of catalytic metals. For information on determining the degree of deterioration sustained by used oil and hence, its suitabilityfor further service, see NEUT NUMBER.

OXIDATION INHIBITOR - chemical added in small quantities to a petroleum product to increase its oxidation resistance and,hence, to lengthen its service or storage life. An oxidation inhibitor may combine with the peroxides formed initially by oxidation, thereby modifying them in such a way as to arrest their oxidizing influence. Or the inhibitor (a passivator) mayreact with a catalyst either to "poison" it or to coat it with an inert film.

POISE - CGS unit of absolute viscosity: shear stress (in dynes per square centimeter) required to move one layer of fluidalong another over a total layer thickness of one centimeter at a shear rate of one centimeter per second. Dimensions aredyne-sec/cm2 . The CENTIPOISE (cP) is 1/100 of a poise and is the unit of absolute viscosity most commonly used.Whereas ordinary viscosity measurements depend on the force of gravity on the fluid to supply the shear stress and arethus subject to distortion by differences in fluid density, ABSOLUTE VISCOSITY measurements are independent of densityand are directly related to resistance to flow. (See also VISCOSITY.)

POUR POINT - is a widely used low temperature flow indicator and is 3°C above the temperature to which a normally liquidpetroleum product maintains fluidity. It is a significant factor in cold weather start-up, but must be considered along withpumpability, the ease with which an oil pumps at low temperatures. Paraffinic oils contain wax which forms a honeycomb ofcrystals at low temperatures near the pour point. However, agitation by a pump breaks down this wax structure and allowsparaffinic oil to be pumped at temperatures well below their pour point. Naphthenic oils, on the other hand, contain little or nowax and reach their pour point through increase in viscosity: they cannot be pumped readily near the pour point. ASTM D97is used to determine pour point. ASTM D97 also provides for the determination of CLOUD POINT, the lowest temperature atwhich the sample becomes clouded by the formation of wax crystals. Clouding is a characteristic only of paraffinic oils. It is aconsideration in the evaluation of fuels whose filtration might be impaired by the plugging effect of wax crystals.

RUST INHIBITOR - a lubricant additive for protecting ferrous (iron and steel) components from rusting caused by water contamination or other harmful materials from oil degradation. Some rust inhibitors operate similarly to corrosion inhibitorsby reacting chemically to form an inert film on metal surfaces. Other rust inhibitors absorb water by incorporating it intowater-in-oil emulsion so that only the oil touches the metal surfaces.

SCUFFING - engine wear resulting from the localized welding and fracture of rubbing surfaces.

SOLVENT EXTRACTION - a traditional refinery process that is used to upgrade chemical and physical properties in themanufacture of lube oil base stocks. The process relies on the solubility of impurities (especially aromatic components thatmay also contain sulfur and nitrogen) in an extractive solvent usually furfural or phenol. The byproduct of this process ishighly aromatic EXTRACT, used to make EXTENDER oils, and as feed for other refinery processes.

STLE - (Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers) - formerly known as ASLE.

SULFATED ASH - (see ASH)

REFERENCE MATERIAL

REFERENCE MATERIAL

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SYNTHETIC LUBRICANTS - lube oils possessing a base oil that has been manufactured from chemical constituents or bypolymerization of hydrocarbons (olefins) rather than by conventional refining of petroleum. The three most common typesof synthetic base oil are: i) Polyalpholefins ii) Organic esters iii) Polyglycols.

Synthetic lubricants have several advantages over conventional mineral oils:

- excellent low temperature fluidity - high natural viscosity index - excellent oxidation stability - high flash, fire, and auto-ignition points - low volatility - non-corrosive and non-toxic

Synthetic lubricants have been in use for some time in applications such as jet engine lubrication, Arctic lubricants, and fireresistant hydraulic fluids. These applications tolerate the extremely high cost of synthetics because they are the only products which can do the job. Synthetic lubricants are now beginning to replace conventional petroleum lubricants in someapplications. Despite their much higher purchase price synthetics may offer operating advantages that can make them moreeconomical in the long run. (For example, reduced oil consumption, longer oil life, improved fuel economy, and easier starting at low temperatures).

TIMKEN OK LOAD - measure of the extreme pressure properties of a lubricant. Lubricated by the product under investigation, a standard steel roller rotates against a block. Timken OK load is the heaviest load that can be carried withoutscoring.

TOTAL BASE NUMBER - (see NEUT NUMBER)

VISCOSITY - measure of a fluid's resistance to flow. It is ordinarily expressed in terms of the time required for a standardquantity of the fluid at a certain temperature to flow through a standard orifice. The higher the value, the more viscous thefluid. Since viscosity varies inversely with temperature, its value is meaningless unless accompanied by the temperature atwhich it is determined. With petroleum oils, viscosity is now commonly reported in CENTISTOKES (cSt), measured at either40°C or 100°C (ASTM Method D445 - Kinematic Viscosity). An earlier method for reporting viscosity in North America wasin Saybolt Seconds Universal - SSU or SUS - or, for very viscous oils, in Saybolt Seconds Furol - SSF (ASTM Method D88).Other less common viscosity units are the ENGLER and REDWOOD scales, principally used in Europe. (See also BROOKFIELD VISCOSITY, POISE.)

VISCOSITY INDEX (V.I.) - the measure of the rate of change of viscosity with temperature. This change is common to allfluids - some more, some less. Heating tends to make them thinner, - cooling, thicker. The higher the V.I, the less the tendency for the viscosity to change. V.I. is determined by formula from the viscosities at 40°C and 100°C in accordancewith the ASTM Test Method D567 or D2270. The latter test is required for V.I.'s above 100. High V.I. oils are often preferredfor service in which a relatively constant viscosity is desired under conditions of varying temperature. Some hydraulic systems require this property. Paraffinic oils are inherently high in V.I., and the V.I. of any petroleum oil can be increased bythe addition of a V.I. improver. Naphthenic oils are inherently low in V.I. and aromatic oils are still lower - often having negative numbers.

VOLATILITY - property of a liquid that defines its evaporation characteristics. Of two liquids, the more volatile will boil at alower temperature, and it will evaporate faster when both liquids are at the same temperature. The volatility of petroleumproducts can be evaluated by tests for FLASH POINT, VAPOUR PRESSURE, DISTILLATION, and EVAPORATION RATE.

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