TD-LTE in China: Progress and Plan

China  Mobile  2012  May

Outline

1.  About TD-LTE Large Scale Trial

2.  TD-LTE is Ready

3.  Beyond Trial

Large Scale Trial: in 6 Cities, 10+9 Vendors Participating

• Guangzhou, Hangzhou , Nanjing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Xiamen • Add up to 83 Million of population Cities

Participants

Hangzhou

ShanghaiNanjing

Xiamen

ShenzhenGuangzhou

3  Operators  10  Infrastructure  Vendors9  Chipset  Vendors  

Large Scale Trial: Over 3000 Engineers Involved and 20000 Cases Executed

Over 3000 test engineers involved

Over 20000 Test cases, some of them are not easy to execute

200  terminals  genera7ng  concurrent  services,  In  one  single  cell

What Tested: Technology and Product

Infrastructure (10 Vendors)

•  Performance • Coverage, Throughput, Latency, HO, KPI

•  Frequency Reuse• Reuse 1 and 3 verified & compared

•  Multi-antenna • 2-path, 8-path, compact Antennas

Terminal (10 Vendors)

•  Dedicated Terminal Test • Single mode, multi-mode, smart phone all tested

•  Uu IOT • 47 pairs finished. 10 infra + 10 chipset

•  Network IOT •  Inter-vendor connectivity and handover

What Tested: Operation

Upgrade

•  Fast upgrade on 3G TD-SCDMA at 1.9GHz •  Takes a few hours, existing RRU and antennas intact

•  Similar performance compared to fresh new eNB •  China Mobile has 135k TD-SCDMA base stations

capable of upgrading to TD-LTE

Engineering

•  Antenna use case analysis • 2-path, 8-path, compact antennas

•  Co-site & Co-antenna • TD-LTE+2G/3G co-site practice

•  Indoor Interference • LTE-WLAN interference solutions

Traditional Antenna

Compact antenna

Results: Peak Throughput Reaches Theoretical Value

90%-­‐99%  of  theore7cal  value,  w/  CAT3  dongles  •  55-­‐60Mbps  (DL:UL  =  2:2,  6  vendors)    •  76-­‐81Mbps  (DL:UL  =  3:1,  5  vendors)

LTE  FDD  Results  from  FDD  operatorsTD-­‐LTE  results  (with  20MHz  of  Band  38)

•  97-­‐102Mbps  (20/15  MHz*2.  95%-­‐100%  of  theore7cal  value)    

•  61Mbps  (10MHz*2.  81%  of  theore7cal  value)  w/  CAT3  dongles  

DL:  81.09Mbps  

Snapshot  of  TD-­‐LTE  peak  throughput  test

Peak  Throughput  

110Mbps  was  achieved  using  CAT4  terminal  in  TD-­‐LTE  system  with  3:1  configura7on.

Results: Latency Meets System Design Target

User  Plane  Latency    •  End  to  end  latency  <=30ms  (On-­‐schedule  test  results)  

•  LTE  FDD:  Around  20ms.  2ms  less  than  TDD  in  theory  

•  Meets  NGMN  requirement  and  3GPP  design  target  

26   26  30  

21   20.03  

0  

5  

10  

15  

20  

25  

30  

35  

Vendor  1   Vendor  2   Vendor  3   Vendor  4   Vendor  5  

U-­‐Plane  Latency  (ms)  

106     105     109.8   104.6  

85.7  71.3  

0    

20    

40    

60    

80    

100    

120    

Vendor  1  Vendor  2  Vendor  3  Vendor  4  Vendor  5  Vendor  6  

C-­‐Plane  Latency  (ms)  

Control  Plane  Latency  (or:  State  Transi7on  Time)    •  Around  100ms,  comparable  with  LTE  FDD,  providing  an  “always-­‐online”  &  “always  connected”  experience  (~2s  in  WCDMA  HSPA)    

•  Meets  NGMN  requirement  and  3GPP  design  target  

Results: Concurrent User Number in One Cell Meets Requirement of Commercial Operation

0  

50  

100  

150  

200  

250  

300  

350  

1   6   11  

16  

21  

26  

31  

36  

41  

46  

51  

56  

61  

66  

71  

76  

81  

86  

91  

96  

101  

106  

111  

116  

121  

126  

131  

136  

141  

146  

151  

156  

161  

166  

171  

176  

181  

186  

191  

196  

201  

Throughp

ut  (k

bps)

DL  Throughput   UL  Throughput  

Example:  Per  User  Throughput  �

Concurrent  Users  in  one  cell  •  More  than  200  users  can  be  connected  to  the  same  cell  and  simultaneously  enjoy  DL/UL  services  (In  WCDMA  HSPA,  typical  value  is  <=64)  

•  Everyone  gets  more  than  100kbps  downlink  throughput  AND  50kbps  uplink  throughput  

•  No  test  result  from  LTE  FDD  

214  

202   202  

215  212  

204  

195  

200  

205  

210  

215  

220  

vendor1   vendor2   vendor3   vendor4   vendor5   vendor6  

Concurrent  User  Number  

Results: Network KPI Comparable with Commercial Network

Network  KPI  •  Ajach  Success  Rate:  98.2%-­‐100%  (5  vendors)  •  Call  Setup  Success  Rate:  98.7%-­‐99.7%  (4  vendors)  •  Paging  Success  Rate:  98.2%-­‐100%  (5  vendors)  •  Handover  Success  Rate:  98.2%-­‐100%  (7  vendors)  •  Call  Drop  Rate:  0.54%-­‐2%  (4  vendors)  

0%  

5%  

10%  

15%  

20%  

DL  throughput  (Mbps)

DL  throughput  distribu7on  during  KPI  testExample:  KPI  test  in  Hangzhou

•  ~99%  /  ~99%  •  ~99%  /  >96%  •  ~99%  /  ~99%  •  >98%  /  >96%  •  <1%      /  <1%  

Live  Network  (CS/PS)  

Results: Networking Capability with Frequency Reuse Factor 1 Proved

Networking  Capability  with  Frequency  Reuse  Factor  1  •  Cell  average  throughput  21.2-­‐37.4Mbps  (26.5%-­‐46.8%  of  system  

maximum  capacity.  7  vendors).    •  Test  condi7on:  20UE  in  the  test  cell,  and  the  network  is  70%  

loaded.

1.17  1.22  

2.03  1.72  

1.89  

1.19  

0.61  

1.18  1.00  

1.36  

0.67  0.70  0.77  1.01  

0.58  

2.25  

0.80  0.51  

0.66  0.46  

0  

0.6  

1.2  

1.8  

2.4  

1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  

Throughp

ut  (M

bps)  

DL  Per  User    Throughput  –  70%  loaded  

10  test  points  in  test  cell  and  two  UE  at  each  point

 DL  Per  user  throughput—70%  loaded

Example:  Cell  throughput  w/  Frequency  Reuse  Factor  =  1

•  50-­‐56Mbps  (20MHz*2,  31.4%-­‐41.8%  of  system  maximum  capacity)  

•  24-­‐31Mbps  (10MHz*2)  Tested  in  unloaded  network.    

LTE  FDD  Results  from  FDD  operators

Results: Mobile Internet Fits Better to TDD

Traffic  in  Mobile  Broadband  Era  is  Unsymmetric  in  Nature

Services

Web  browsing 1:9-­‐10

Video 1:4.5-­‐12

Interac7ve  service 1:2.6

In  Reality

China  Mobile 1:4-­‐6

Hong  Kong 1:4

Singapore 1:4.3

Spain 1:4.2

Romania 1:5.4

TD-­‐LTE  can  Offer  Flexible  UL/DL  Speed  Ra]o

Ra]o  of  UL:DL  traffic  is  about  1:4-­‐6 Match

UL:DL  speed  is  about  1:5.94  in  TD-­‐LTE  system  (UL:DL  ]me  slot  configura]on  

=  1:3)

Typical  UL:DL  ra7o  in  Mobile  Broadband  Era

System Ant. Cell  thruput  (UL/DL,  Mbps)  

UL:DL  thruput

TD-­‐LTE  2:2   8-­‐path 13.8  /  25  (Test  results) 1  :  1.81  

TD-­‐LTE  1:3   8-­‐path 6.9  /  41  (Test  results) 1  :  5.94  

LTE  FDD   2-­‐path 30.98  /  37.55  (Test  results) 1:1.21  

•  Typical  UL:DL  ra7o  offered  by  LTE.  •  TD-­‐LTE  s7ll  has  big  technological  poten7al

TDD  20MHz,  FDD  20*2MHz

Results: 3G to TD-LTE Upgrade is Verified in Band 39

Test results –  Peak throughput: 81.7-85.1Mbps, about 90.8%-94.6% of theoretical value

–  Cell throughput: 47.1Mbps (70% loaded), about 52% of system maximum capacity

–  Latency: User-Plane ~20ms, C-Plane ~86ms, meets system design target

–  Network KPI:

–  No obvious performance degradation to existing 3G networks

Ajach  Success  Rate 98%-­‐100% Call  Setup  Success  Rate 98%-­‐100%

Paging  Success  Rate 100% Handover  Success  Rate 99%-­‐100%

Call  Drop  Rate 0-­‐1%

Basic information •  Test locations: Guangzhou,

Shenzhen, Hangzhou

•  Base station upgraded from and

co-equipment with TD-SCDMA

•  System configuration: •  DL:UL=3:1

•  DwPTS:GP:UpPTS = 3:9:2

•  Terminal: CAT4 CPE

TDS Control TDL Control

TDS Baseband TDL Baseband

RRU

TDS Control TDL Control

TDS Basband TDL Baseband

RRU

Op7on  1 Op7on  2

•  Both  TD-­‐LTE  and  TD-­‐SCDMA  can  work  well  aper  upgrade  

•  Upgrade  from  TD-­‐SCDMA  is  an  efficient  way  to  setup  TD-­‐LTE  network  

Conclusions

Results: Chipsets / Terminals Reach the Commercial Capability with Single Mode Verified in Large Scale Trial

Single  Mode

•  Func7on  and  performance  test:    8  vendors  finished  

•  Uu  IOT:  47  pairs  finished    

       (10  infrastructures  and    10  chipsets  involved)  

6  chipsets  finished  all  tests  in  2011  

Lab  and  Small  Scale  Field  Tests Large  Scale  Trial

Performance  Inline  with  network  performance:  peak  throughput,  cell  throughput,  KPI  and  latency    

Stabiliza]on:  •  100%  success  rate  on  cell  search,  selec7on,  ajachment,  detachment  and  tracing  area  update  •  All  terminals  reach  60-­‐minute  long-­‐running  7me  with  stable  performance  

IOT  capability  is  proved  for  each  chipset

Mul]-­‐  Mode

•  2G/3G/LTE  Interworking:      5  vendors  finished  

         (2  vendors  under  test,  including  1  smart  phone)  

3  chipsets  will  finish  by  this  April  

Chipsets/Terminals  are  fully  tested  on  performance,  func7onality  and  IOT.  

Latest TD-LTE Industry Status

Infrastructures   Chipsets   Instruments  

Ø  Commercial  products:  

                                                   10  vendors

Ø  Same  level  with  FDD  products  

Ø  Products  from  10  vendors  released  

Ø  Over  10  vendors  have  clear  roadmap  

Ø More  than  50  types  of  instruments  from  over  20  vendors  released

Ø Most  have  common  plasorm  with  LTE  FDD  

Breakthrough  of  TD-­‐LTE  Terminal  

2011,  36  models  available,  par]ally  commercially  released.  

2012,  more  models  will  be  commercially  released,  including  smart  phone.  

TD-­‐LTE  CPE  Band38/39/40  

Smart  Phone  TD-­‐LTE+2G/3G  Band  38/39/40  

LTE  Hotspot  Band  38/40  

CPE  Band  39/40  

TD-­‐LTE  USB  Band  38/40  

USB  Dongles CPE

Phones Tablet

TD-LTE Going into Commercial Stage

33

1217

2North  America

South  America

Europe

Asia

Oceania

Trial  Networks  Distribu]on 46  Worldwide  Operators  Joined  GTI  By  2012.4.15

•  8  commercial  networks  (Mobily,  STC,  Sopbank,  Hi3G,  SkyTV,  UK  Broadband,  Bhar7)  and  37  trial  networks  deployed  

-­‐  Around  9000  base  sta7ons  worldwide  setup  by  the  end  of  2011  

•  GTI  Plan  and  Ac]ons  was  released  by  united  operators  during  LTE  TDD/FDD  Interna7onal  Summit,  February  2012,  Barcelona  

-­‐  Achieve  500,000  TD-­‐LTE  base  sta7ons  and  2,000  million  popula7on  coverage  by  2014  

Commercial  Ac]vi]es  in  China  Beijing  TD-­‐LTE  Demonstra]on  and  Experiencing  Network  

l  TD-LTE Coverage - In first phase, 81 base stations have been set up and opened.

- Areas is around Chang’an Street，part of financial street and some industry/research areas including BUPT, CATR.

l   TD-­‐LTE  terminal  for  demo  and  experiencing  - Including data card, CPE and mobile hotspot, and most of them support TD-LTE/TD-SCDMA. - Now, data cards have good and stable performance (DL: ~59Mbps,UL:~17Mbps, Time Slot configuration DL:DL = 2:2).

ZTE innofidei Leadcore Sequans

Data card

CPEZTE innofidei Sequans Altair

NSN Sequans

Mobile Hotspot

MediaTeK

Hisilicon  

on  developing  and  tes7ng

on  developing  and  tes7ng

Qualcomm ……  

……  

……  

Commercial  Ac]vi]es  in  China  Hangzhou Network

•  500 macro in band 39•  200 macro in band 38•  100 indoor coverage•  Green line in the right

map

2012 Q2

•  1000 Macro in band 39•  500 macro in band 38•  500 indoor coverage

•  Red line in the right map

2012 Q3

Hangzhou  map

Band  39  TD-­‐SCDMA  live  network  can  be  upgraded  smoothly  to  the  TD-­‐LTE  sharing  same  hardware  •  Only  upgrade  RRU’s  sopware.  BBU  shelf  is  shared  •  takes  less  than  three  hours    In  short  ]me  we  can  complete  the  co-­‐module  upgrade  of  TD-­‐SCDMA  sites  in  order  to  achieve  the  same  coverage  of  TD-­‐LTE    •  5000  TD-­‐SCDMA  sites  in  Hangzhou,  20,000  in  Zhejiang  province,  more  than  250,000  na7onwide

Commercial  Ac]vi]es  in  China  Hangzhou Network

First  commercially  LTE-­‐Fi  covered  bus  Line!

B1 Bus Line

•  60 users browsing internet, IM, apps at the same time, got great experience

•  Each LTE-Fi provides 30Mbps DL throughput to the bus, averagely

Excellent Experience

•  About 10000 daily LTE-Fi users on B1 bus line

•  450 users online at the same time

•  Each user consumes 100MB data traffic a day

Fast market acceptance

•  B1 line lasts 28Km, 20 stops, covered by 74 BS

•  LTE-Fi installed on 55 B1 buses & 20 stations

•  Providing Wi-Fi access to users, no need of LTE dongles or terminals

Commercial Activities in China

2012

LTE  TDD/FDD  mul7band    MiFi

Mainland  9  ci7es+  Hongkong  20,000+  BS  100M+  popula7on

2013Major  ci7es  200,000+  BS  

300M  popula7on  

China  Mobile  are  dedicated  to  promote  a  converged  LTE  network  development

Thank you Thank  You