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LTE Basic Knowledge

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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO LTD Huawei Confidential Page 2

Agenda

LTE Protocol

1 LTE Network Architecture

2

LTE Key Technology3

Compsirson bw LTE and UMTS4



Network Architecture of LTE

bull Compare with traditional 3G network LTE architecture becomes much more simple and flat which can lead to lower networking cost higher networking flexibility and shorter time delay of user data and control signalling




EPC Network Simplification

bull The E-UTRAN consists of e-NodeBs The e-NodeBs are interconnected with each other by means of the X2 interface which enabling direct transmission of data and signaling

bull The EPC (Evolved Packet Core) consists of MME S-GW P-GWHSSPCRF and son on



Routing mobility charge and

account PDN and QCI

IP address allocation gating

and rate enforcement

Paging handover bearer control idle

state mobility handling




e-Node hosts the following functions p Functions for Radio Resource Management Radio Bearer

Control Radio Admission Control Connection Mobility Control Dynamic allocation of resources to UEs in both uplink and downlink (scheduling)

p IP header compression and encryption of user data streamp Selection of an MME at UE attachmentp Routing of User Plane data towards Serving Gatewayp Scheduling and transmission of paging and broadcast

messages (originated from the MME)p Measurement and measurement reporting configuration for

mobility and scheduling

MME (Mobility Management Entity) hosts the following functions p NAS signaling and security p AS Security controlp Idle state mobility handlingp EPS (Evolved Packet System) bearer controlp Support paging handover roaming and authentication

S-GW (Serving Gateway) hosts the following functions p Packet routing and forwarding Local mobility anchor point

for handover Lawful interception UL and DL charging per UE PDN and QCI Accounting on user and QCI granularity for inter-operator charging

P-GW (PDN Gateway) hosts the following functions p Per-user based packet filtering UE IP address allocation UL

and DL service level charging gating and rate enforcement

Function of LTE Network Element



S1 S1

S1 S1X2X2

The main difference between UMTS and LTE the removing of RNC network element and the introduction of X2 interface which make the network more simple and flat leading lower networking cost higher networking flexibility and low latency

UTRAN

Comparison bw UTRANampE-UTRAN



Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3




Radio Frame Structure

bull Radio Frame Structures Supported by LTEsect Type 1 applicable to FDD

sect Type 2 applicable to TDD

bull FDD Radio Frame Structuresect LTE applies OFDM technology with subcarrier spacing ∆f 15kHz and 2048-

order IFFT The time unit in frame structure is Ts=1(2048 ∆f) second

sect FDD radio frame is 10ms shown as below divided into 20 slots which is 05ms One slot consists of 7 consecutive OFDM Symbols under Normal CP configuration

FDDRadio Frame Structure

l Concept of Resource Blockp LTE consists of time domain and frequency domain resources The minimum unit for

schedule is RB (Resource Block) which compose of RE (Resource Element)p RE has 2-dimension structure symbol of time domain and subcarrier of frequency domainp One RB consists of 1 slot and 12 consecutive subcarriers under Normal CP configuration


HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO LTD Huawei Confidential 0

Time

System Bandwidth

1 Resource Block 12 Sub-carriers1 Sub-carrier = 15KHz180KHz (Total 200KHz with Guard)

-

Sub-carrier

1 Sub-frame TTI 1ms2 Slots Frequency

-

User 1

User 2

User 3

1 Sub-frame2 Slots2 RBs

7 Symbols

1 Sub-frame = 2 Slots 14 Resource Elements (RE)

D U U D D U U D

DwPTS GP UpPTS

TDD 1

FDD

Time-Frequency Resource Unit



Frame and Slot Structure (Normal CP)



Resource Element Mapping (6 RBs 2 Antenna)



Downlink Channelsp Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) Carries system information

for cell search such as cell IDp Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) Carries the

resource allocation of PCH and DL-SCH and Hybrid ARQ information

p Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) Carries the downlink user data

p Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) Carriers information of the OFDM symbols number used for the PDCCH

p Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH) Carries Hybrid ARQ ACKNACK in response to uplink transmissions

p Physical Multicast Channel (PMCH) Carries the multicast information

Uplink Channelsp Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) Carries the

random access preamblep Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) Carries the uplink

user datap Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) Carries the HARQ

ACKNACK Scheduling Request (SR) and Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) etc

Mapping between downlink transport channels and downlink physical channels

Mapping between uplink transport channels and downlink physical channels

Physical Layer

MAC Layer

Physical Layer

MAC Layer

Introduction of LTE PHY- Physical Channels



Channel MappingM

AC

PHY

MA

CPH

Y



RS (Reference Signal)p Similar with Pilot signal of CDMA Used for downlink physical channel

demodulation and channel quality measurement (CQI)p Three types of RS in protocol Cell-Specific Reference Signal is essential and

the other two types RS (MBSFN Specific RS amp UE-Specific RS) are optional

One

Ant

enna

Por

t

Antenna Port 3

Characteristicsp Cell-Specific Reference Signals are generated from cell-

specific RS sequence and frequency shift mapping RS is the pseudo-random sequence transmits in the time-frequency domain

p The frequency interval of RS is 6 subcarriersp RS distributes discretely in the time-frequency domain

sampling the channel situation which is the reference of DL demodulation

p Serried RS distribution leads to accurate channel estimation also high overhead that impacting the system capacity

MBSFN MulticastBroadcast over a Single Frequency Network

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l

2R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l 6=l2R

2R

2R

3R

3R

3R

3R

Cell-Specific RS Mapping in Time-

Frequency Domain

Two

Ante

nna

Ports

Four

Ant

enna

Por

ts

Antenna Port 0 Antenna Port 1 Antenna Port 2

RE

Not used for RS transmission on this antenna portRS symbols on this antenna port

R1 RS transmitted in 1st ant portR2 RS transmitted in 2nd ant port

R3 RS transmitted in 3rd ant port

R4 RS transmitted in 4th ant port

Introduction of LTE PHY- DL Physical Signals(1)



Synchronization Signalp synchronization signals are used for time-frequency synchronization between UE and E-UTRAN during cell searchp synchronization signal comprise two parts

n Primary Synchronization Signal used for symbol timing frequency synchronization and part of the cell ID detectionn Secondary Synchronization Signal used for detection of radio frame timing CP length and cell group ID

Synchronization Signals Structure

Characteristicsp The bandwidth of the synchronization signal is 72

subcarrier locating in the central part of system bandwidth regardless of system bandwidth size

p Synchronization signals are transmitted only in the 1st and 11th slots of every 10ms frame

p The primary synchronization signal is located in the last symbol of the transmit slot The secondary synchronization signal is located in the 2nd last symbol of the transmit slot

CautionSynchronization signals are sometimes named as Synchronization Channel (P-SCH amp S-SCH) in some documents The meaning should be the same which represents the signals transmitted in the specified time-frequency locations Please donrsquot be confused with Share Channel (SCH)




Introduction of LTE PHY- UL Physical SignalsReference Signal

p The uplink pilot signal used for synchronization between E-UTRAN and UE as well as uplink channel estimation

p Two types of UL reference signalsn DM RS (Demodulation Reference Signal)

associated with PUSCH and PUCCH transmission n SRS (Sounding Reference Signal) without

associated with PUSCH and PUCCH transmission

Characteristicsp Each UE occupies parts of the system bandwidth since SC-

FDMA is applied in uplink DM RS only transmits in the bandwidth allocated to PUSCH and PUCCH

p The slot location of DM RS differs with associated PUSCH and PUCCH format

p Sounding RSrsquos bandwidth is larger than that allocated to UE in order to provide the reference to e-NodeB for channel estimation in the whole bandwidth

p Sounding RS is mapped to the last symbol of sub-frame The transmitted bandwidth and period can be configured SRS transmission scheduling of multi UE can achieve timefrequencycode diversity

CautionThe SRS mapping will be difference in many documents since the protocol are still under discussion when these document been compiled The mapping shown in this

slide is the result from the latest protocol version

DM RS associated with PUSCH is mapped to the 4th symbol each slot

Time

Freq

Time

Freq

Time

Freq

DM RS associated with PUCCH (transmits UL ACK signaling) is mapped to the central 3 symbols each slot

DM RS associated with PUCCH (transmits UL ACK signaling) is mapped to the 2 symbols each slot

PUCCH is mapped to up amp down ends of the system bandwidth hopping between two slots

Allocated UL bandwidth of one UE

System bandwidth



Introduction of LTE PHY- Cell SearchBasic Principle of Cell Search

p Cell search is the procedure of UE synchronizes with E-UTRAN in time-freq domain and acquires the serving cell ID

p Two steps in cell searchn Step 1 Symbol synchronization and acquirement of ID within

Cell Group by demodulating the Primary Synchronization Signal

n Step 2 Frame synchronization acquirement of CP length and Cell Group ID by demodulating the Secondary Synchronization Signal

Caution 170 Cell ID groups are defined in the earlier protocol version So totally 1703=510 Cell IDs exists which is mentioned in some early-written documents

Please be noticed this differences

About Cell IDp In LTE protocol the physical layer Cell ID comprises two parts Cell

Group ID and ID within Cell Group The latest version defines that there are 168 Cell Group IDs 3 IDs within each group So totally 1683=504 Cell IDs exist

p represents Cell Group ID value from 0 to 167represents ID within Cell Group value from 0 to 2

(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN

Initial Cell Searchp The initial cell search is carried on after the UE power on Usually

UE doesnrsquot know the network bandwidth and carrier frequency at the first time switch on

p UE repeats the basic cell search tries all the carrier frequency in the spectrum to demodulate the synchronization signals This procedure takes time but the time requirement are typically relatively relaxed Some methods can reduce time such as recording the former available network information as the prior search target

p Once finish the cell search which achieve synchronization of time-freq domain and acquirement of Cell ID UE demodulates the PBCH and acquires for system information such as bandwidth and Tx antenna number

p After the procedure above UE demodulates the PDCCH for its paging period that allocated by system UE wakes up from the IDLE state in the specified paging period demodulates PDCCH for monitoring paging If paging is detected PDSCH resources will be demodulated to receive paging message



Introduction of LTE PHY- Random AccessBasic Principle of Random Access

p Random access is the procedure of uplink synchronization between UE and E-UTRAN

p Prior to random access physical layer shall receive the following information from the higher layers

n Random access channel parameters PRACH configuration frequency position and preamble format etc

n Parameters for determining the preamble root sequences and their cyclic shifts in the sequence set for the cell in order to demodulate the random access preamble

p Two steps in physical layer random accessn UE transmission of random access preamble

n Random access response from E-UTRAN

Detail Procedure of Random Access

p Physical Layer procedure is triggered upon request of a preamble transmission by higher layers

p The higher layers request indicates a preamble index a target preamble received power a corresponding RA-RNTI and a PRACH resource

p UE determines the preamble transmission power is preamble target received power + Path Loss The transmission shall not higher than the maximum transmission power of UE Path Loss is the downlink path loss estimate calculated in the UE

p A preamble sequence is selected from the preamble sequence set using the preamble index

p A single preamble is transmitted using the selected preamble sequence with calculated transmission power on the indicated PRACH resource

p UE Detection of a PDCCH with the indicated RA-RNTI is attempted during a window controlled by higher layers If detected the corresponding PDSCH transport block is passed to higher layers The higher layers parse the transport block and indicate the 20-bit grant

RA-RNTI Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier



Introduction of LTE PHY- Power ControlBasic Principle of Power Control

p Downlink power control determines the EPRE (Energy per Resource Element)

p Uplink power control determines the energy per DFT-SOFDM (also called SC-FDMA) symbol

Uplink Power Controlp Uplink power control consists of opened loop power and closed loop

power control

p A cell wide overload indicator (OI) is exchanged over X2 interface for integrated inter-cell power control possible to enhance the system performance through power control

p PUSCH PUCCH PRACH and Sounding RS can be controlled respectively by uplink power control Take PUSCH power control for example

p PUSCH power control is the slow power control to compensate the path loss and shadow fading and control inter-cell interference The control principle is shown in above equation The following factors impact PUSCH transmission power PPUSCH UE maximum transmission power PMAX UE allocated resource MPUSCH initial transmission power PO_PUSCH estimated path loss PL modulation coding factor TF and system adjustment factor f (not working during opened loop PC)

UE report CQI

DL Tx Power

EPRE Energy per Resource ElementDFT-SOFDM Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM

f(i)(i)ΔPLα(j)(j)P(i))(MP(i)P TFO_PUSCHPUSCHMAXPUSCH ++sdot++= 10log10min

Downlink Power Controlp The transmission power of downlink RS is usually constant The

transmission power of PDSCH is proportional with RS transmission power

p Downlink transmission power will be adjusted by the comparison of UE report CQI and target CQI during the power control

X2

UL Tx Power

System adjust parameters



Introduction of LTE Radio Protocol Stackbull Two Planes in LTE Radio Protocol

sect User-plane For user data transfersect Control-plane For system signaling

transfer

bull Main Functions of User-planesect Header Compressionsect Cipheringsect Schedulingsect ARQHARQ

User-plane protocol stack

Control-plane protocol stack

Main Functions of Control-planep RLC and MAC layers perform the same functions as

for the user planep PDCP layer performs ciphering and integrity

protectionp RRC layer performs broadcast paging connection

management RB control mobility functions UE measurement reporting and control

p NAS layer performs EPS bearer management authentication security control

Layer 1

Layer 2



Introduction of LTE Layer 2 - OverviewLayer 2 is split into the following layers

p MAC (Medium Access Control) Layer

p RLC (Radio Link Control ) Layer

p PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol ) Layer

Main Functions of Layer 2

p Header compression Ciphering

p Segmentation and concatenation ARQ

p Scheduling priority handling multiplexing and demultiplexing HARQ

Layer 2 Structure for DL Layer 2 Structure for UL



Introduction of LTE Layer 2 - MAC LayerMain functions of MAC Layer

p Mapping between logical channels and transport channels

p Multiplexingdemultiplexing of RLC PDUs (Protocol Data Unit) belonging to one or different radio bearers intofrom TB (transport blocks ) delivered tofrom the physical layer on transport channels

p Traffic volume measurement reporting

p Error correction through HARQ

p Priority handling between logical channels of one UE

p Priority handling between UEs (dynamic scheduling)

p Transport format selection

p Padding

Logical Channels of MAC Layer

p Control Channel For the transfer of control plane information

p Traffic Channel for the transfer of user plane information

MAC Layer Structure

UL Channel Mapping of MAC Layer

Control Channel

Traffic Channel

DL Channel Mapping of MAC Layer



Introduction of LTE Layer 2 - RLC LayerMain functions of RLC Layer

p Transfer of upper layer PDUs supports AM or UM

p TM data transfer

p Error Correction through ARQ (no need RLC CRC check CRC provided by the physical)

p Segmentation according to the size of the TB only if an RLC SDU does not fit entirely into the TB then the RLC SDU is segmented into variable sized RLC PDUs no need padding

p Re-segmentation of PDUs that need to be retransmitted if a retransmitted PDU does not fit entirely into the new TB used for retransmission then the RLC PDU is re-segmented

p Concatenation of SDUs for the same radio bearer

p In-sequence delivery of upper layer PDUs except at HO

p Protocol error detection and recovery

p Duplicate Detection

p SDU discard

p Reset

RLC PDU Structurep The PDU sequence number carried by the RLC

header is independent of the SDU sequence number p The size of RLC PDU is variable according to the

scheduling scheme SDUs are segmented concatenated based on PDU size The data of one PDU may source from multi SDUs

RLC Layer Structure

AM Acknowledge ModeUM Un-acknowledge ModeTM Transparent ModeTB Transport BlockSDU Service Data UnitPDU Protocol Data Unit

RLC PDU Structure

Segmentation Concatenation



Main functions of PDCP Layerp Functions for User Plane

n Header compression and decompression ROHC

n Transfer of user data PDCP receives PDCP SDU from the NAS and forwards it to the RLC layer and vice versa

n In-sequence delivery of upper layer PDUs at handover for RLC AM

n Duplicate detection of lower layer SDUs at handover for RLC AM

n Retransmission of PDCP SDUs at handover for RLC AM

n Cipheringn Timer-based SDU discard in uplink

p Functions for Control Planen Ciphering and Integrity Protectionn Transfer of control plane data PDCP

receives PDCP SDUs from RRC and forwards it to the RLC layer and vice versa

PDCP PDU Structurep PDCP PDU and PDCP header are octet-

aligned

p PDCP header can be either 1 or 2 bytes long

Introduction of LTE Layer 2 - PDCP Layer

PDCP Layer Structure

ROHC Robust Header Compression

PDCP PDU Structure



LTE 3GPP Specification Overview

36201 LTE Physical Layer General Description 36211 Physical Channels and Modulation 36212 Multiplexing and Channel Coding 36213 Physical Layer Procedures 36214 Physical Layer Measurements

36300 E-UTRAN Overall Description Stage 236302 E-UTRAN Services Provided by the Physical Layer36304 User Equipment (UE) Procedures in Idle Mode36306 User Equipment (UE) Radio Access Capabilities36321 Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Specification36322 Radio Link Control (RLC) Protocol Specification36323 Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) Specification36331 Radio Resource Control (RRC) Protocol Specification

36401 E-UTRAN Architecture Description36410 S1 General Aspects and Principles36411 S1 Layer 136412 S1 Signalling Transport36413 S1 Protocol Specification36414 S1 Data Transport36420 X2 General Aspects and Principles36421 X2 Layer 136422 X2 Signalling Transport36423 X2 Protocol Specification36424 X2 Data Transport

Physic Layer

Layer 2 and Control Protocol Interfaces and Procedure

TS 36xxx for LTE Specification



Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3




bull OFDM amp OFDMAsect OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)

is a modulation multiplexing technology divides the system bandwidth into orthogonal subcarriers CP is inserted between the OFDM symbols to avoid the ISI

sect OFDMA is the multi-access technology related with OFDM is used in the LTE downlink OFDMA is the combination of TDMA and FDMA essentially

sect Advantage High spectrum utilization efficiency due to orthogonal subcarriers need no protect bandwidth Support frequency link auto adaptation and scheduling Easy to combine with MIMO

sect Disadvantage Strict requirement of time-frequency domain synchronization High PAPR

bull DFT-S-OFDM amp SC-FDMAsect DFT-S-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform

Spread OFDM) is the modulation multiplexing technology used in the LTE uplink which is similar with OFDM but can release the UE PA limitation caused by high PAPR Each user is assigned part of the system bandwidth

sect SC-FDMA（Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Accessing）is the multi-access technology related with DFT-S-OFDM

sect Advantage High spectrum utilization efficiency due to orthogonal user bandwidth need no protect bandwidth Low PAPR

sect The subcarrier assignment scheme includes Localized mode and Distributed mode

LTE Key Technology mdash OFDMA amp SC-FDMA

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth

Sub-band12Sub-carriersTime

User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth

Sub-band12Sub-carriers

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum

OFDM system spectrumSpectrum Efficiency Improvement

N

eNB

Multi-elementTransmitter

M

UE

Multi-elementReceiver

Easy to co-work with MIMO

Frequency-selective scheduling amp Adaptive modulation and coding

CP resist ISI caused by multipath effect

OFDMA Benefits



Uplink SC-FDMA for PAR resistance

Oslash The main difference between OFDMA and SC-FDMA is that the latter performs DFT before

performing IFFT for transmission which can be taken as a time-domain precoding operation

l Compared with single carrier system OFDM will cause high peak-to-average ratio (PAR) which will

caused problem for the amplifier design and increase the UE implementation cost accordingly



Comparing OFDM and SC-FDMA(QPSK example M=4 subcarriers)

1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP

OFDMAData symbols occupy 15 kHz for one OFDMA symbol period

SC-FDMAData symbols occupy M15 kHz for 1M SC-FDMA symbol periods

60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP



bull Downlink MIMOsect MIMO is supported in LTE downlink to achieve

spatial multiplexing including single user mode SU-MIMO and multi user mode MU-MIMO

sect In order to improve MIMO performance pre-coding is used in both SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO to controlreduce the interference among spatial multiplexing data flows

sect The spatial multiplexing data flows are scheduled to one single user In SU-MIMO to enhance the transmission rate and spectrum efficiency In MU-MIMO the data flows are scheduled to multi users and the resources are shared within users Multi user gain can be achieved by user scheduling in the spatial domain

bull Uplink MIMOsect Due to UE cost and power consumption it is difficult to

implement the UL multi transmission and relative power supply Virtual-MIMO in which multi single antenna UEs are associated to transmit in the MIMO mode Virtual-MIMO is still under study

sect Scheduler assigns the same resource to multi users Each user transmits data by single antenna System separates the data by the specific MIMO demodulation scheme

sect MIMO gain and power gain (higher Tx power in the same time-freq resource) can be achieved by Virtual-MIMO Interference of the multi user data can be controlled by the scheduler which also bring multi user gain

LTE Key Technology mdash MIMO

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler

MIMODecoderUser k data

User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

MU-MIMO Virtual-MIMO



Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0

2 Antenna Transmit Diversity (SFBC)

s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO



4 Antenna Spatial Multiplexing (Two Codewords Without CDD)D-TxAA (Double Transmit Antenna Array ) Scheme

W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0

y0 = w0s0 + w4s1 + w8s0 + w12s1y1 = w0s2 + w4s3 + w8s2 + w12s3




4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2

MIMO encoder and layer mapping

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL

Spatial Multiplexing boosts capacity

codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod

Tx Diversity extends coverage

Beamforming extends coverage

codeword

User1

ModBeamforming

Precoding Processing

UE2

UE1

MIMO Operation in LTE



2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694

Outdoor-to-IndoorSpeed 3kmh

2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687

Outdoor-to-OutdoorSpeed 3kmh


In typical urban area

15~28 gain over SIMO Macro~50 gain over SIMO Micro

LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro

MIMO the Key to Improve Cell Throughput-- System Gain 2X2 MIMO over SIMO



2 bits per symbol in each carrier



Adaptive Modulation and Coding



Adjust MIMO mode according to channel quality and userrsquos velocity

Different MIMO modes fit different scenarios

SFBC and CL Tx Diversity (rank=1) increase link reliability and coverage

OL SM and CL-SM (rank=2) increase throughput

10 gain in average cell throughput over non-adaptive MIMO

Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO

DLSFBCULRx Diversity

DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO

DLCL-Tx DiversityULRx Diversity

Channel Quality (SINR)

Open Loop

Closed Loop

Cell Center Cell Edge

Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)

Adaptive MIMO Increasing Cell Throughput



Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

ICIC（Inter-Cell Interference Coordination）p ICIC is one solution for the cell interference control is essentially a schedule strategy In LTE some

coordination schemes like SFR (Soft Frequency Reuse) and FFR (Fractional Frequency Reuse) can control the interference in cell edges to enhance the frequency reuse factor and performance in the cell edges

SFR Solutionp SFR is one effective solution of inter-cell interference control The system bandwidth is separated into primary

band and secondary band with different transmit power

1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4

The primary band is assigned to the users in cell edge The eNB transmit power of the primary band can be high Secondary

Band

Cell 246 Primary BandFrequency

Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band

Cell 357P Primary Band

Total System BW

The total system bandwidth can be assigned to the users in cell center The eNB transmit power of the secondary band should be reduced in order to avoid the interference to the primary band of neighbor cells

Secondary Band

Secondary Band

Cell Interference Control



Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3




UMTS (R99) HSPA HSPA+ LTE

Radio Access W-CDMA W-CDMA W-CDMA OFDMA DLSC-FDMA UL

Bandwidth 5 MHz 5 MHz 5MHz or 10MHz (DC) Scalable from 14MHz to 20MHz

Modulation DL QPSK QPSK16QAM QPSK16QAM64QAM QPSK16QAM

64QAM

Modulation UL BPSK QPSK QPSK16QAM QPSK16QAM

64QAM

Antenna Systems Rx Diversity Rx Diversity 2x2 MIMO 2x2 - 4X4 MIMO

Network Structure Node B + RNC Node B + RNC NodeB + RNC

Or eHSPA NodeB eNodeB to EPC

Services Circuit amp Packet Switched

Circuit amp Packet Switched

PS but compatible to CS PS Only

Transport ATM Mixed ATM amp IP

ATM Mixed ATM amp IP Option for All IP All IP

Technology comparison for features



R8 HSPA(+) LTETime To Market Commercial deployment by 2009 Commercial deployment by 2010

Market Operator adoption

66+ operators commited 54 Mobile BB users by 2015 (HSPAampHSPA+)

~59 operators commitments20 Mobile BB users by 2015

Infrastructure commercial date 2009 2009

1st commercial terminal 2009 2010

Evolution from Legacy Smooth evolution based on Huawei Uni-BTS and One Unified Core

Smooth evolution based on Huawei Uni-BTS and One Unified Core

Backwards compatibility amp roaming with legacy Inherent LTE commercial terminal are multi-mode

GSMUMTSLTE allowing inter-RAT HO

Frequency bandIMT2000 (Technology Neutral)Common trends for 850MHz 900MHz AWS 21GHz

IMT2000 (Technology Neutral)Common trends for DD 1800MHz AWS 21GHz 26GHz

Frequency bandwidth 5MHz ndash 10MHz 14 3 5 10 15 20MHz

LTE vs HSPA+ comparison summary (12)



R8 HSPA(+) LTE

Peak ratesbull 42 Mps DL 11 Mpbs UL in 5 MHzbull 84Mbps DL 22Mbps UL in 10 MHz

bull 43 Mps DL 28 Mpbs UL in 5 MHzbull 86 Mbps DL 57 Mbps UL in 10 MHzbull 173 Mbps DL 115 Mbps UL in 20 MHz

Average throughput in a cell

58 Mbps DL MIMO 2X2 16QAM (5MHz-ISD 500m)

78 Mbps DL MIMO 2X2 (5MHz-ISD 500m)(better OFDM orthogonality less interference)

DL Throughput at cell edge with 800 m ISD

multi cell ndash single user

1 Mbps ( 21 GHz 5 MHz MIMO 2X2 16QAM)


Latency User plane 40ms User plane 13-20ms

Scalability Multi-carrier (5MHz stepping) Single User MIMO up to 2x2

Single carrier linear scaling in bandwidth from 14 to 20 MHz - Single user MIMO up to 4x4

FadingTime dependent scheduling and frequency diversity gain vs less efficient spreading over carrier bandwidth (5MHz)

Frequency AND Time dependent scheduling mitigates fading impact

InterferenceSoft frequency re-useICIC



Thank youwwwhuaweicom



Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















account PDN and QCI





















S1 S1

S1 S1X2X2


UTRAN




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















Time

System Bandwidth


-

Sub-carrier


-

User 1

User 2

User 3


7 Symbols


D U U D D U U D

DwPTS GP UpPTS

TDD 1

FDD























Physical Layer

MAC Layer

Physical Layer

MAC Layer




Channel MappingM

AC

PHY

MA

CPH

Y






One

Ant

enna

Por

t

Antenna Port 3







0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l

2R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l 6=l2R

2R

2R

3R

3R

3R

3R


Frequency Domain

Two

Ante

nna

Ports

Four

Ant

enna

Por

ts


RE
































Time

Freq

Time

Freq

Time

Freq





System bandwidth













(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN





























power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE
































account PDN and QCI





















S1 S1

S1 S1X2X2


UTRAN




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















Time

System Bandwidth


-

Sub-carrier


-

User 1

User 2

User 3


7 Symbols


D U U D D U U D

DwPTS GP UpPTS

TDD 1

FDD























Physical Layer

MAC Layer

Physical Layer

MAC Layer




Channel MappingM

AC

PHY

MA

CPH

Y






One

Ant

enna

Por

t

Antenna Port 3







0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l

2R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l 6=l2R

2R

2R

3R

3R

3R

3R


Frequency Domain

Two

Ante

nna

Ports

Four

Ant

enna

Por

ts


RE
































Time

Freq

Time

Freq

Time

Freq





System bandwidth













(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN





























power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE


































S1 S1

S1 S1X2X2


UTRAN




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















Time

System Bandwidth


-

Sub-carrier


-

User 1

User 2

User 3


7 Symbols


D U U D D U U D

DwPTS GP UpPTS

TDD 1

FDD























Physical Layer

MAC Layer

Physical Layer

MAC Layer




Channel MappingM

AC

PHY

MA

CPH

Y






One

Ant

enna

Por

t

Antenna Port 3







0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l

2R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l 6=l2R

2R

2R

3R

3R

3R

3R


Frequency Domain

Two

Ante

nna

Ports

Four

Ant

enna

Por

ts


RE
































Time

Freq

Time

Freq

Time

Freq





System bandwidth













(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN





























power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





















Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















Time

System Bandwidth


-

Sub-carrier


-

User 1

User 2

User 3


7 Symbols


D U U D D U U D

DwPTS GP UpPTS

TDD 1

FDD























Physical Layer

MAC Layer

Physical Layer

MAC Layer




Channel MappingM

AC

PHY

MA

CPH

Y






One

Ant

enna

Por

t

Antenna Port 3







0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l

2R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l 6=l2R

2R

2R

3R

3R

3R

3R


Frequency Domain

Two

Ante

nna

Ports

Four

Ant

enna

Por

ts


RE
































Time

Freq

Time

Freq

Time

Freq





System bandwidth













(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN





























power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE
































Time

System Bandwidth


-

Sub-carrier


-

User 1

User 2

User 3


7 Symbols


D U U D D U U D

DwPTS GP UpPTS

TDD 1

FDD























Physical Layer

MAC Layer

Physical Layer

MAC Layer




Channel MappingM

AC

PHY

MA

CPH

Y






One

Ant

enna

Por

t

Antenna Port 3







0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l

2R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l 6=l2R

2R

2R

3R

3R

3R

3R


Frequency Domain

Two

Ante

nna

Ports

Four

Ant

enna

Por

ts


RE
































Time

Freq

Time

Freq

Time

Freq





System bandwidth













(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN





























power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE








































Physical Layer

MAC Layer

Physical Layer

MAC Layer




Channel MappingM

AC

PHY

MA

CPH

Y






One

Ant

enna

Por

t

Antenna Port 3







0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l

2R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l 6=l2R

2R

2R

3R

3R

3R

3R


Frequency Domain

Two

Ante

nna

Ports

Four

Ant

enna

Por

ts


RE
































Time

Freq

Time

Freq

Time

Freq





System bandwidth













(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN





























power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





















Channel MappingM

AC

PHY

MA

CPH

Y






One

Ant

enna

Por

t

Antenna Port 3







0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l

2R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l 6=l2R

2R

2R

3R

3R

3R

3R


Frequency Domain

Two

Ante

nna

Ports

Four

Ant

enna

Por

ts


RE
































Time

Freq

Time

Freq

Time

Freq





System bandwidth













(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN





























power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE
























One

Ant

enna

Por

t

Antenna Port 3







0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l

0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l0R

0R

0R

0R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l

1R

1R

1R

1R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l

2R

6=l 0=l 6=l 0=l 6=l2R

2R

2R

3R

3R

3R

3R


Frequency Domain

Two

Ante

nna

Ports

Four

Ant

enna

Por

ts


RE
































Time

Freq

Time

Freq

Time

Freq





System bandwidth













(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN





























power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE













































Time

Freq

Time

Freq

Time

Freq





System bandwidth













(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN





























power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE































(2)ID

(1)ID

cellID 3 NNN +=

(1)IDN(2)IDN





























power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE










































power control




UE report CQI

DL Tx Power






X2

UL Tx Power






transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE























transfer









Layer 1

Layer 2






















p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE








































p Padding




MAC Layer Structure


Control Channel

Traffic Channel






p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE























p TM data transfer








p SDU discard

p Reset




RLC Layer Structure


RLC PDU Structure














aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE































aligned





PDCP PDU Structure







Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE

























Physic Layer





Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





















Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3















User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE
































User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

System Bandwidth


Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

Sub-carriers

TTI 1ms

Frequency

Time

System Bandwidth


User 1

User 2

User 3

User 1

User 2

User 3



GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





















GSM FDM Spectrum


N

eNB


M

UE





OFDMA Benefits











1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





























1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 1 -1-1 -1 1 1 -1

15 kHzFrequencyfc

V

CP



60 kHz Frequencyfc

V

CP












Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE






























Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

Pre-coding vectors

User k data

User 2 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User k

Scheduler Pre-coder

S1

S2

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data




Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





















Transmit Diversity

Laye

r Map

ping

Pre

codi

ng

s0 s2Lay 0


s1s0 s3s2

s1 s3

s1s0 s3s2

-s1 s0

-s3 s2

Pre

codi

ng

Laye

rMap

ping

Lay 1

Ant 0

Ant 1



2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





















2 Antenna MIMO




W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE






















W0

W1

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W10

W11

W12

W13

W14

W15

s0 s2Lay 0

s1 s3Lay 1

s0 s2Lay 2

s1 s3Lay 3

Laye

r Map

ping

s1s0 s3s2

s1s0 s3s2

sum

sum

sum

sum

y1y0 Ant 0

Ant 1

Ant 2

Ant 3

y1y0

y1y0

y1y0





4 Antenna MIMO



UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





















UE1

Layer 1 CW1 AMC1UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


Layer 1 CW1 AMC1

UE2

Layer 2 CW2 AMC2


DL MU-MIMO

DL SU-MIMO

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

User 1 data

Channel Information

User1

User2

User kScheduler


User 1 data

Virtual-MIMO in UL


codeword

UE1

User1SFBCMod



codeword

User1

ModBeamforming


UE2

UE1




2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





















2x2 MIMOeNodeB UE 1

1x2 SIMOeNodeB UE 1

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

2834

1815

ISD500mSpeed3kmh

1388

164

942

1209

1236

1423

1512

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

ISD500mSpeed30kmh

ISD1732mSpeed30kmh

Thro

ughp

ut (M

bps)

46404694


2324

34155668

MIMOSIMOxxxx Gain

2403

3518

1715

2687





LTE

LTE

LTE

Macro

Micro















Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE
































Adaptive MIMO

Benefits

DLOL-SMULMU-MIMO


DLCL-SMULMU-MIMO



Open Loop

Closed Loop


Mob

ility

Vel

ocity

(km

h)




Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





















Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 357Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power

Frequency

Cell 246Power





1

2

3

6

5

7

4

1

2

3

6

5

7

4


Band


Cell 1Power

Frequency

Cell 1Power

Cell 1 Primary Band

Secondary Band


Total System BW


Secondary Band

Secondary Band




Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





















Agenda

LTE Protocol


2

LTE Key Technology3








64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE

























64QAM


64QAM




























R8 HSPA(+) LTE





































R8 HSPA(+) LTE




















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