l&t valves: ‘valves that add value’ further …...ment. “our expansion plans are on...

The insiders guide to flow control in India, Iran, Bahrain, Egypt, Kuwait, Oman, Azerbaijan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, UAE, Bangladesh

HIGHLIGHTS APRIL/MAY 2018 - ISSUE 2

valve-world-india.com

SPOTLIGHT ON:L&T Valves: ‘Valves that Add Value’L&T Valves, a subsidiary of the conglomerate Larsen & Toubro, is a manufacturer of high-end flow-control solutions for the oil & gas, power, and process industries, as well as mission-critical valves for the defence and aerospace sectors. The company has an expertise that spans five decades, an array of products approved by the global majors and an excellent reputation amongst end-users and EPCs alike. Extremely proud of what they do, the company’s vision is to be the most trusted valve manufacturer in the world. It is a task that they are working towards with great enthusiasm. Valve World India Journal spoke to Mr. N.V. Venkatasubramanian (Venkat), Chief Executive and Director, L&T Valves, to learn more about the company, their products, and their future plans for growth. Mr. Venkat has been with the company for over three decades. Under his leadership, it has grown rapidly in terms of its customer base and product range to become one of the leading organisations in the valve industry.

NEWSMetso has signed an agreement to acquire the valve automation division of the India-based valve technology company Rotex Man-ufacturers and Engineers Pvt. Ltd (RMEPL). The company has a market-leading position in India in the actuator business and an ad-vanced offering of switches, process valves, and valve automation products and solutions.The acquired division’s sales in the last fiscal year were approx. INR 1,550 M. It has two manufacturing facilities in the

Mumbai area and sales offices in Mumbai, Vadodara, Kolkata and Pune.The acquisition will complement Metso’s actuation and valve automation offering and enable a full range of actuators for all major valve markets and a broader offer-ing of limit switches for mid-market ap-plications. It also introduces new products to Metso’s process-valve portfolio for the oil and gas, pulp and paper, mining, water treatment and other process industries.

Essar Oil & Gas Exploration and Production (EOGEPL) has said the company is expect-ing reserves of at least 1.5 trillion cubic feet (tcf) of recoverable shale gas in its Raniganj block in West Bengal, which could require investment of at least $1 billion.

It currently produces around 1.5 million standard cubic metres of gas per day (mscmd) of coal-bed methane (CBM) and will go ahead with its shale plans after further policy clearance from the govern-ment. “Our expansion plans are on fast-track and we are looking to produce at least 2.5 mscmd by March 2021,” said Vilas Tawde, chief executive officer, EOGEPL. According to an estimate of the United States Trade and Development Agency (USTDA), the block has around 7 tcf of reserves. “Of that, around 1.5 tcf is recoverable,” Tawde added.Last month, state-run GAIL had won the contract to buy CBM produced from

Essar oil’s Raniganj block. The price will be around $8.16 based on net calorific value (GCV). CBM is the natural gas stored in coal seams and shale can be found at a much deeper level in the same block.This is expected to increase CBM produc-tion in the Raniganj area to an average three mscmd for 20 years, leading to direct investment of around Rs 100 billion. CBM is presently sold at $3.4-15.5 per unit in the country. Essar owns CBM rights for five blocks — Raniganj in West Bengal, Talcher and the Ib Valley in Odisha, Sohagpur in Madhya Pradesh, and Rajmahal in Jharkhand.

Metso acquires the valve automation division of RMEPL

Essar recoverable shale gas prospects in West Bengal

IndianOil develops refining processes to save costIndia’s biggest oil refiner has developed a refining process that helps it save at least USD 1.5 B in costs as well as chal-lenges the global giants in the technology leasing business. Read more on page 2

Middle East nuclear power set to increaseNuclear electricity generation capacity in the Middle East is expect-ed to increase from 3.6 gigawatts in 2018 to 14.1 GWe by 2028 says the US Energy Information Administration. Read more on page 9.

WorleyParsons bags PMC contract from ADNOC for CEPADNOC Refining has awarded WorleyParsons the project man-agement consultancy contract for a crude flexibility project at the Ruwais refinery. The project is part of a program to acceler-ate downstream strategy delivery by expanding crude process-ing options. Read more on page 13.

IOC plans to double refining capacity to 150 MT by 2030India’s biggest oil firm, IOC, recently said that it plans to invest about INR 1.43 lakh crore to nearly double its refining capacity and boost petrochemical production. The company currently owns and operates 11 of India’s 23 refineries, which have a total present ca-pacity of 80.7 MT per annum. Read more on page 17.

Mack Valves announces senior level appointmentsMack Valves, a joint venture between Herose GmbH and the Ador Group has announced new senior level appointments within its India operations. Read more on page 18.

Petrofac secures a contract for MPP3 project in OmanPetrofac has been awarded a contract worth USD 265 M for the development of the Marmul Polymer Phase 3 Project in southern Oman. This is the first award to be secured under a 10-year framework agreement with Petroleum Development Oman. Read more on page 21.

Special Topics: Catching unfit control valves 7

Jamingar refinery to undergo further expansion 11

Technical Insights:Corrosion protection of valves 15

Severe service fugitive emissions 19

News throughout the Region:2, 9, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 21, 23

Rack & pinion actuator is a competitive solu-tion which can be used in several applications and industries

For more information please contact Mrs Kay Creedon:

Email: [email protected] Tel: +31 575 789 268 (NL) +91 771 808 424 (INDIA)

INDIA

2019ConferenceExhibit ionWorkshops

www.valve-world-india.com

April/May 20182 Valve World India valve-world-india.com

INDIA NEWS

Wacker expands its silicone production

at Amtala site

IndianOil develops refining processes

to save cost

An equal joint venture between state-run oil refin-ers Bharat Petroleum Corpo-ration Ltd (BPCL) and Hindu-stan Petroleum Corporation Ltd (HPCL) has won the rights to develop and run a liquid terminal at Kamarajar Port Ltd near Chennai.The BPCL-HPCL consortium had quoted a revenue share of 23% for the new facility which seeks to tap into the growing demand for POL, LPG products and Lube Oil Base stock (LOBS) in bulk in

Tamil Nadu and neighbour-ing States.Kamarajar Port Ltd, the entity that runs the port at Ennore, is among the 12 ports owned by the Cen-tral government and the only one to be run as a company. The other ports are run as trusts. Cargo contracts at Central gov-ernment-run ports were till now decided on the basis of revenue share.When commissioned, the HPCL-BPCL facility will be

the second liquid terminal at Kamarajar Port.State-owned Indian Oil Corpo-ration Ltd (IOCL) is developing a captive oil jetty at Kamara-jar Port to handle POL, LPG and LOBS with an investment of INR 480 crore. The facil-ity is also expected to start operations in 2020-21.

Chennai-based IMC Ltd has won oil regulator PNGRB’s nod to lay a natural gas pipeline from Kakinada in Andhra Pradesh to Nellore in Tamil Nadu.The Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) has issued the authorisation for the Kakinada-Vijayawada-Nellore pipeline.According to the authorisation letter, the 522-km pipe-line would have a capacity to carry 18 million standard cubic metres per day of natural gas.

Starting from Kaki-nada it will go to Rajahmundry and Vijayawada and onwards to Guntur and Ongole before terminating at Nel-lore, PNGRB said in the letter.IMC is a port termi-nalling and infra-structure company that is engaged in bulk liquid tank storage, dry bulk terminals, interna-tional trading, and oil exploration busi-nesses.According to the approval, IMC would also build 145 km of spur lines to feed customers enroute.

Wacker Metroark Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. is expand-ing its existing silicone production at its Amtala site near Kolkata with a new hydrosilylation plant for manufacturing functional silicone flu-ids. The plant with an annual capacity of over 6,000 metric tons was officially opened at a ceremony in Amtala. The expansion is WACKER’s response to growing regional demand for spe-cialty silicones for use in the textile, personal-care, rigid and flexible polyurethane foam and agrochemical sectors. The investment for the plant amounts to around €6 M.Hydrosilylation is a chemical process in which organofunctional groups, such as glycols, olefins or ketones, are “docked” onto the periphery of silicones. This is done in order to modify the properties of the end product and render a silicone fluid, for example, hydrophobic (water-repellent) or hydrophilic (water-attracting).

India’s biggest oil refiner, Indian Oil Corp., has developed refin-ing processes that may help it save at least USD 1.5 B in costs as well as challenge global giants in the tech-nology leasing business.State-run Indian Oil Corp., which con-trols nearly half of the country’s refin-eries, has created its own processes using catalysts and hydro-cracking to convert crude oil into fuels such as gasoline, diesel and liquefied petroleum gas.

IOC can now sup-ply more than 75% of the technol-ogy needed for its plants. The licensing fees it typically pays out to refining-tech-nology providers is about 5% of the project cost.Indian Oil has a home-grown fluid-ized catalytic crack-ing unit, called IndMax, that can increase LPG output at its newest 300,000 barrels-a-day refinery on the country’s east coast. It also plans to spend INR 2 B (USD 31 M) to build a catalyst manufactur-ing plant in Panipat in northern India.

India offer INR 1 lakh business

in bio-fuel and -energy

Petroleum and Natural Gas Minister Dhar-mendra Pradhan has said that India is a happening place as it is offering INR 1 lakh crore business in bio-fuel and bio-energy to the investors across the globe.Addressing the gathering he said by 2040, India’s energy consumption will grow by CAGR of 4%.The dialogue was organised by Ashden India Collective (AIC) in alliance with the Climate Parliament and TERI.The industry and energy leaders, along with the policy makers, discussed the cur-rent scenario, roadmap to achieve the tar-get for renewable energy generation of 175 GW by 2022, opportunities and challenges.Ashden India Collective (AIC) is bridg-ing the gap between organisations that are working on the ground to accelerate energy access for all and the policy mak-ers that enable innovative business mod-els to take off, by creating a positive envi-ronment. It is capitalising on the critical mass of innovative business models that are delivering so many sustainable energy projects in India.

ABO expands its sales network to

South AsiaABO valve, a leading manufacturer of control and shut-off valves for industrial use, ventures into new territory in Asia, and expands its sales network by open-ing a new branch office and production centre– ABO Controls. The new branch will be established on the west coast of India in the sixth largest city of the world, in Mumbai.India offers new opportunities for busi-ness growth in local fast growing market. In recent years, we have been able to increase our turnover and attract new customers in this market, so the next step was to move forward. The goal was to build our new branch office in this country to respond to market demands and to be as close as possible to our customers.India is one of the fastest growing econo-mies in the world and is therefore a good destination for investment. With this, ABO takes its first steps to tapping into the potential markets of the Indian subcontinent and South Asian region.

GAIL bags approval for Urja Ganga pipeline from PNGRB

Oil regulator PNGRB has approved extension of state gas utility GAIL India Ltd’s ‘Urja Ganga’ pipeline up to Guwahati in Assam.GAIL is currently laying a 2,655-km pipeline from Jag-dishpur in Uttar Pradesh to Haldia in West Bengal and Bokaro in Jharkhand and Dhamra in Odisha at a cost of INR 12,940 crore.

The pipeline from Barauni in Bihar to Guwahati in Assam would be 672-km long and would be 24-inch in diam-eter and would be executed in 36 months from the first notification of Right of User (RoU) acquisition.As per the MoU, Govern-ment of Assam would facilitate GAIL (India) Ltd to obtain necessary permis-

sions/registrations/approv-als/clearances etc from the concerned departments/agencies/authorities of the state as per the existing policies/rules and regula-tions of the state govern-ment.Jagdishpur-Haldia-Bokaro-Dhamra pipeline is being targeted to be completed by 2019-20.

BPCL-HPCL to build a liquid terminal at Kamarajar Port

IMC to lay Kakinada-Nellore

gas pipeline

valve-world-india.com

EDITORS PAGE / COLOPHON

Publishing DirectorsRobert-Jan à [email protected].: +31 575 585 275

Ladan [email protected].: +31 575 585 292

Director India OperationsKay [email protected].: 0031 683 671 708

Editorial TeamSarah [email protected]

John [email protected]

Gillian [email protected]

David [email protected]

Advertising contact (print & online)Kay [email protected].: 0031 683 671 708

Subscriptions (print & online)Erica [email protected].: +31 575 585 271

Valve World India is published 6 times a year.

Publishing HouseKCI Publishing B.V.Jacob Damsingel 17, NL-7201 AN Zutphen, The Netherlands

Mailing address:P.O. Box 396, NL-7201 AJ Zutphen, The [email protected].: +31 575 585 270; Fax: +31 575 511099Bank account: ABNAMRO 56.64.05.164BIC: ABNANL2AIBAN: NL50ABNA0566405164

China Office:KCI Shanghai, Room 603, 6F, #400 Zhejiang Mid. Road, 200001, [email protected].: +86 21 6351 9609; Fax: +86 21 6351 9607

Germany OfficeKCI GmbH, Tiergartenstraat 64, D-47533 Kleve, [email protected].: +49 2821 71145 0 Fax: +49 2821 71145 69

Canada OfficeKCI Corporation, 36 King East, Suite 701, Toronto ON MSC 1ES, [email protected].: +1 416 361 7030; Fax: +1 416 361 6191

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/valveworldindiaTwitter: https://twitter.com/valveworldindiaLinkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/groups/8510281

The publishers and the authors state that this magazine has been compiled meticulously and to the best of their knowledge, however, the publisher and the authors can in no way guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the information. The publisher and authors therefore do not accept any liability for any damage resulting from actions or decision based on the information in question. Users of this magazine are strongly advised not to use this informa-tion solely, but to rely on their professional knowledge and experience, and to check the information to be used. KCI Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of information provided by participating companies and authorities. The publisher reserves the right to combine, delete and change

sections.The publisher reserves the right to edit and re-use (parts of) the articles and to distribute the information by

any means.All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, photocopying recording or otherwise, without the written

permission of the publisher.

Valve World India is a trademark of Technical Business Publications II BV, Thijs Elshof, PO Box 67, 6680 AB Lingewaard,

The Netherlands.

©2018 All rights reserved.

Valve World India is the insider’s guide to flow control in India, Iran, Bahrain, Egypt, Kuwait, Oman, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, UAE, Bangladesh

Welcome to another new financial year. I trust that you all closed off last year well and are looking forward to new challenges and successes for the coming one. Whilst figures for the first quarter are still unknown, the growth outlook for FY2018–19 is quite optimistic. The pains and impact of demonetization and the GST implementation are beginning to fade and the projected growth rate will accelerate from 6.5% last year to 7.3% this year.

This issues’s ‘Spotlight On’ pages (4&5) are on Chennai-based Larson and Toubro ….“L&T has a long and rich history in the manufacturing of valves for critical applications in the oil and gas and power sector as well as custom-engineered solutions

for defense and aerospace applications.” Their journey began in 1961 producing plug valves. Today, the company prides itself on being a one-stop shop for valves for almost all types of process valves –gate, globe, check, ball, butterfly and plug valves, in all sizes, pressure classes, and different materials. L&T Valves can provide their clients with almost any kind of valve they may need. The Indian market accounts for 45–50% of L&T Valves’ revenue, with the Middle East being the company’s most prominent region for doing business outside of India. The valve industry is moving ever increasingly towards automation and digitalization, and L&T are at the forefront of R&D and product development with more than 60 designers continually developing smarter products, and valves for special applications, which will bring added value to their customers.

On page 10, Mr. Deepankar Bose from TechSci Research reviews the potential of the African Industrial valve market. Africa is growing, although at a slow pace, and the emphasis there will be on industrialization as the key growth factor for the region’s industrial valves market. Recovering oil prices globally are one of the key factors currently driving growth in the market, As Africa has proven oil reserves, Nigeria and Angola are the leading demand-generating countries in the region. In addition to oil some of the key drivers for Industrial valves are the

growing demand for access to clean water and wastewater as well as power generation. With rising investments across a number of sectors in Africa, demand for industrial valves is further expected to grow in the coming years.

Since valves are the number one source of leakage of fugitive emissions, we plan to feature this topic in all issues of the Journal for the foreseeable future. On page 6 Mr. Tim-Fredrik Kohler evaluates for us ISO 15848 versus TA Luft.

More about fugitive emissions can also be found on page 19 where Mr. Tony Majka of ValvTechnologies looks at various stem sealing solutions and the reasons why one might choose them.

I wish you enjoyable reading. If there are topics you wish to have featured in the upcoming issues please do feel free to contact me at [email protected]

The next issue of Valve World India Journal will be the June/July issue.

With warm greetings and thanks

Kay T. CreedonDirector Valve World [email protected]

A happy and prosperous new financial year 2018–2019

ADVERTISERS’ INDEX CONTENTS

Aira Euro Automation 1

AUMA India 8

Bell-O-Seal Valves 15

Castech Foundries 18

CRI Pumps & Valves 10

Dinesh Plastic Products 21

Dip-Flon Engineering & Co. 19

DL Valve 16

EmRise Engineering 22

Flowchem Industries 17

Flucon Automation Inc. 23

Fugitive Emissions Summit China 22

GM Engineering 2

Goodwin International Ltd. 9

Hi-Tech Applicator 13

Horizon Polymer Eng. 1

James Walker Inmarco Industries 11

Jayant Engineering & Marketing 18

Langley Alloys 14

L&T Valves – Larsen & Toubro 1

Microfinish Valves 12

Panam Engineers 20

Petro Valves 7

Rotork 6

Super Industrial Linings 24

India News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

L&T Valves: a one-stop-shop for ‘Valves that add value’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Fugitive Emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Catching unfit control valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Regional News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Outlook for the industrial valve market in Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Jamnagar refinery to undergo further expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

India News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

People & Product News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Plants & Project News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Forthcoming events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Oil & gas: preparing for the digital age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Corrosion protection of valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

India News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

People & Product News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Severe service for fugitive emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Plants & Project News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

FCC naphtha hydrodesulfurization: Lower environmental impact to the transportation fuels . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Regional News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

April/May 2018 3Valve World India

April/May edition 2018 – Issue 2http://www.valve-world-india.com

SPOTLIGHT ON


L&T Valves, a subsidiary of the conglomerate Larsen & Toubro, is a manufacturer of high-end

flow-control solutions for the oil & gas, power, and process industries, as well as mission-

critical valves for the defence and aerospace sectors. The company has an expertise that spans

five decades, an array of products approved by the global majors and an excellent reputation

amongst end-users and EPCs alike. Extremely proud of what they do, the company’s vision is to be

the most trusted valve manufacturer in the world. It is a task that they are working towards with

great enthusiasm. Valve World India Journal spoke to Mr. N.V. Venkatasubramanian (Venkat), Chief

Executive and Director, L&T Valves, to learn more about the company, their products, and their

future plans for growth. Mr. Venkat has been with the company for over three decades. Under his

leadership, it has grown rapidly in terms of its customer base and product range to become one of

the leading organisations in the valve industry.

By John Butterfield and Gillian Gane

Outside L&T Valves with Mr. N.V. Venkat - Chief Executive and Director.

A cryogenic triple-offset butterfl y valve.A smart valve with diagnostic and communication modules.

A Machining Centre.

L&T Valves: ‘Valves that Add Value’

”“ Most customers remain with us a long

time, some of them have been with us for

three decades and more.

“L&T Valves began its life as a joint venture between Larsen & Toubro and the British plug valve manufacturer Serck Audco, way back in 1961. The company started its Chennai opera-tions in 1965, initially producing plug valves. From the beginning, our objective was to leverage Indian resources and talent, and we set up our own R&D facilities to design and develop our products. Over the decades, we added two more manufacturing facilities at Kancheepuram and Coimbatore. We moved on to manufacture gate, globe and check valves and later ball and butterfly valves. Today, we produce a whole array of critical valves for the oil and gas, power and process industries.”Marketing was always handled by Larsen & Toubro through their superb network both in India and overseas. In 2013, Larsen & Toubro acquired the shares of the joint venture partner to create L&T Valves Limited as a wholly owned subsidiary of Larsen & Toubro.

Key products and markets

The Indian market accounts for nearly 50% of L&T Valves revenue, and the balance comes from international markets, with the Middle East being the most prominent territory.“We are a one-stop-shop for almost all types

of process valves – gate, globe, check, ball, butterfly, and plug valves. We offer these valves in many combinations of size, pres-sure class, materials, and so on, and we are equipped to provide our clients with almost all their process valves requirements” says Mr. Venkat.“Further, L&T Valves also offers a complete range of valves for the power industry. In fact, we are one of the few companies that can offer all valves and accessories required for an ultra-supercritical thermal power station.”“Custom-engineered solutions for defence and aerospace applications form an impor-tant part of our portfolio. The experience that we gain from working in these sectors has helped us to improve our product quality, strengthen our processes and expand our knowledge base.”

Product development

Product development plays a key role in continued and consistent success in a spectrum of industries. Mr. Venkat says: “We have around sixty engineers working on R&D and we are continually developing new products, variants, and valves for spe-cial applications that can add value for cus-tomers. Incidentally, our company tagline is ‘Valves that add Value.’”

“Our gate, globe, ball, and butterfly valves are all SIL-3 certified. Additionally, we also offer SIL-3 capable HIPPS. We can integrate valves, actuators, logic solver and other ac-cessories, offered on a skid, or in any form that the customer may want, and we have already supplied such packages to major customers in the industry.”Emergency shut down (ESD) valves are criti-cal in the pipeline and process industries and L&T Valves offers a range of ESD valves

and these are working well in many project sites both in India and abroad.They are also developing smart valves with diagnostic and communication capabilities built in. Real time data collected from the

valve can be analysed to monitor valve health, diagnose issues, and proactively plan spares and maintenance.

Customer relationships

When it comes to customers, Mr. Venkat says that they can be broadly classified into three types. “There are end-users such as Saudi Aramco, who buy valves from us for their projects and MRO requirements. Then there

is a second group consisting of EPC contrac-tors and thirdly, we sell through distributors. In India, we have an extensive network of forty-five distributors at various locations close to industries served. No other valve company has that kind of reach in the Indian market. Internationally as well, the company has strategic alliances with key distributors in the US, Europe, the Middle East, and APAC to reach customers in all corners of the world.”

SPOTLIGHT ON

April/May 2018 5Valve World Indiavalve-world-india.com

A 56 inch trunnion-mounted ball valve.

“Most customers remain with us for a long time, some of them have been with us for the last three decades and more,” Mr. Venkat says proudly, adding, “Take Reliance in India, for instance. We have been associated with them since the 1980s. They have recently expanded the Jamnagar refinery, the world’s largest. We supplied over 375,000 valves for the project – nearly 65% of the valves that were purchased.”“L&T Valves shares an enduring relationship with EPCs like JGC of Japan. In the last fif-teen years, L&T Valves has had a presence in every major project executed by JGC. Moreo-ver, JGC plays an active role in helping to nurture a ‘Quality Culture’ at L&T Valves. At the recent JGC Quality Forum, L&T Valves was awarded MVP in recognition of L&T Valves’ initiatives to proactively identify and improve the quality.”

Digitalisation

An area of importance for L&T Valves is digi-talisation. “Since we focus on engineered and customised valves for large global projects, end-to-end digitalisation makes it easier to manage the complexities of the business,” explains Mr. Venkat.“The system ensures that customer specifications and requirements are accessible to everybody in the chain from design and quality to manufacturing. Manufacturing progress is tracked using barcodes attached to components, and 100% visibility ensures on-time and error-free manufacture.”

HIPPS.

The clean room.

A C12A Y-globe valve for power plants.

In-house fl ow co-effi cient test rig.

“We offer a revolutionary RFID-based solu-tion that addresses customer’s traceability requirement. The system retrieves cross-referenced test certificates and other docu-ments instantly and ensures smoother instal-lation and operation. The system is currently in operation at installations with large valve population, and it significantly reduces docu-mentation hassles at site.”

L&T culture

All these developments and improvements in L&T Valves production systems are in sync with company’s attitudes towards quality. Mr. Venkat: “Our vision is to make L&T Valves the most trusted valve company in the world. We placed the achievement bar very high for ourselves and it is something that differentiates us. To realize this goal, we have to earn the trust of customers and I can do this only if I respect and trust my employ-ees. Every person at L&T Valves is therefore encouraged to creatively contribute to the workplace through ideas, and they are left in no doubt that they are all an important part of the L&T family. Most of our employees stay with us for a very long and successful career. Many like myself, have been in the company for over three decades. I reached the top after starting the career as a sales engineer. Our attrition rate is probably one of the lowest among valve companies in India. I know that we instil pride and ownership in all our employees and as a result we are able to enhance the quality of our products and services and make them stand out.”

Looking to the futureIt goes without saying that with these accomplishments under their belt a bright future can be predicted for L&T Valves. Certainly, the company has no intention of resting on its laurels. Mr. Venkat: “The valve industry is moving towards automation and we will continue our endeavour to develop valves and processes that add value to our customers. The digitalisation programme will help improve the quality and efficiency of our production processes without losing focus on safety. We plan to enhance our differentiation and competitiveness, so that we can add more value to our esteemed customers in the long run.”To address customer service, L&T Valves have recently opened a modern service centre in Jamnagar to cater to key customers in the

area. It is a flagship centre and, once it has proved successful, the company intends to replicate it in more locations in India and overseas. In terms of market reach, L&T Valves see themselves moving increasingly into newer territories like Africa, Eastern Europe, and South America. They have already recruited marketing professionals with international experience, to create an impact in those markets.

Conclusion

In short, there are lot of exciting plans and developments in the pipeline at L&T Valves, which will see them continue to provide add-ed value to their customers and drive them further along the road to become the most trustworthy of valve companies.

A trunnion-mounted ball valve, emergency shutdown valve.

FUGITIVE EMISSIONS


Fugitive emissions: ISO 15848 versus TA-Luft*

Tracking and limiting fugitive emissions has moved into the focus of many countries around the world. Stringent legal requirements force industry to rethink and use emission-reducing equipment. This sounds very simple, but from my experience there is still a misconception when it comes to this subject. In this short paper, a comparison will be made between the German TA-Luft with the ISO 15848 standard.

How to ensure you buy the best product available.In my opinion, the ISO 15848 Fugitive Emission Standard is the one to go for.Having said that, pay attention to how the valves are tested and always compare the manufacturer certificates. Some manufacturers conduct the tests at room temperature or reduced tempera-ture and low pressure only.As a matter of fact, the stress on the valve packing and material is much higher at real operating conditions with high temperature and pressure. Do also compare the number of cycles the valve has gone through to pass the test under the test temperature conditions.It’s also noteworthy to mention that you should always go for quality when it comes to choosing the right valves for your application. State of the art design and manufacturing technique achieves the highest peak of seal integrity.

By Tim-Frederik Kohler

The bottom lineISO 15848 approved valves are excellent and reliable at reducing fugitive emissions.This improves plant safety, reliability and protects the environment and health.

Table 1 The difference between ISO 15848 and TA-Luft

ISO 15848 TA-Luft

In the framework of ISO 15848 the entire industrial valve, including the body seals, will be subjected to type testing

TA-Luft only deals with the sealing system of the stem passage. A simple manufacturer declaration is sufficient for verification.

The ISO type test classifies the complete industrial valve into a pressure, temperature, endurance and tightness class.

The TA-Luft test qualifies only a “high-quality sealing system”. TA-Luft is considered to be complied with if metal bellows with a safety packing or similar sealing systems are used; whereby the equivalence in the verification system must be confirmed in accordance with VDI 2440.

The requirements of the ISO type test are very specific and detailed and as a result, the test duration for a complete ISO 15848 type test takes 1 to 2 weeks.

The requirements of TA-Luft are very general. The test duration for a TA-Luft test therefore normally does not take longer than 1-2 days. There is no requirement neither to the number of mechanical cycles nor to the number of thermal cycles.

ISO 15848 ‘Industrial valves – Measurement, test and qualification

For example, many seal manufacturers like to advertise with “TA-Luft packings”. Simply using “TA-Luft packings” of this type does not guarantee long-term leak tightness. Many other factors play a significant role in a sealing system. These include, for example, the stem surface finish and the gap dimensions between the gland and the stem.

Part 1: Classification system and qualification procedures for type testing of industrial valves:A distinction is made here between 3 tightness classes: A, B and C. Class A having the smallest environmental leakage.Part 2:Production acceptance testing of industrial valves: Only the products that have successfully completed the first part of the test may be subjected to this test. Leakage is tested at room temperature without mechanical effects utilising a helium leak detection test.

* This short article was first published by Tim-Frederik Kohler in Emissions Control, 2017.

Image source: © Nes Jerry / Fotolia.

About Tim-Frederik

Tim-Frederik Kohler is Global Chief Sales

Officer of the AS-Schneider Group and Man-

aging Director of AS-Schneider Subsidiaries’

in Singapore and Dubai. Tim has worked

in the valve industry since 2004 and has a

comprehensive global background in sales,

marketing and business development in

the industrial valve sector. He believes in

permanent re-organization to adapt to the

ever-changing challenges of the world today.

This applies not just to organizational chal-

lenges but more importantly to challenges

in the valve engineering field. Reducing

fugitive emissions are equally important

but Tim believes the future will be all about

smart valves to monitor and prevent leak-

ages in the future.

T +44 (0)1225 733 200 E [email protected] W rotork.com

Improving efficiency & minimising downtimeIt’s in our DNA

• Protect your investment

• Increase plant availability

• Maximise productivity

• Reduce cost of ownership

• Protect the environments

A Client Support Programme that helps you to:

Rotork InnovationFor sixty years our customers have relied on Rotork for innovative reliable flow control solutions.

Rotork products and services help companies in the oil & gas, water & waste water, power, marine, mining, chemical, pharmaceutical and food industries around the world.

GE completes NTPC’s first WFGD System

IOC’s roll out of BS VI fuel increases efficiency

GE power recently announced the completion of first turnkey full flow wet flue gas desul-phurization (WFGD) unit at state power giant NTPCs 500 MW Super Thermal Power project site in Vindhyachal, Madhya Pradesh.The FGD installation at Vindhyachal is the first limestone-based WFGD commissioned in an NTPC power plant suitable for continuous operation at 500 MW unit for 100% gas flow.The GE’s scope of work in the project includes delivery of the WFGD system for the 1x500 MW pulverized coal-fired boiler unit on full turnkey basis, including design-ing, engineering, manufacturing, testing, civil works, erection and commissioning.This is a key step towards implementing SOx control systems mandated by India’s Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) to reduce the emissions of thermal power plants.Andrew DeLeone, Managing Director – GE Power India Limited, said, “World over, the economics of power generation have become tighter and regulations have become even stricter. As India strives to attain the right mix of fuel sources to meet

The rollout of the BS VI grade of petrol and diesel will immediately lead to up to 20 per cent reduction in emis-sions until the launch of BS VI compatible automotive engines, Indian Oil Corpora-tion (IOC), the nation’s largest fuel retailer, said to staff at the Valve World India Journal. “The rollout of BS VI grade fuel will lead to an efficiency

benefit in the form of reduced particulate matter and sul-phur dioxide emissions,” IOC Director-Refineries B. V. Rama Gopal stated. Asked to quan-tify the efficiency gain, he said: “The benefit could be in a range between 10–20%.BS VI projects are being implemented across all IOC refineries at an estimated cost of Rs 16,628 crore.

The overall cost for all the Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) to shift to BS VI fuel is estimated to be around Rs 30,000 crore.Rama Gopal said IOC will start selling the BS VI grade fuel at all of its 187 retail outlets in the Delhi begin-ning April 1, 2018. “It is a big challenge but it is only a beginning,”

increasing demand and emissions goals, curbing SO2 emissions is a foremost pri-ority. FGDs will play an instrumental role in transforming power plants to reduce their environmental impact. It is a proud moment for GE to be associated with this project and with NTPC, a customer we deeply value. The successful completion of trial operation of this turn-key full flow FGD system puts GE Power in a unique position in the country as India gears-up to imple-ment DeSOx solutions in an installed base in excess of 150 GW.”


CONTROL VALVES

Flow. The process designers will generate those parameters for you. It is up to you to derive from them essential thermo-dynamic properties like Fluid phase and state, Molecular Weight, Density, Vapor pressure, Viscosity, and Isentropic Coef-ficient. Not all of them are essential for each application however, so getting that under your belt is a must. Process designers may provide those also, or the control valve vendor, but see it as you task to master the skill to get those essential parameters unambiguously and correctly derived. Often we get insuf-ficient data; often we get too much data. It is up to you to get them clear and concise.

Catching unfit control valves

How do you catch those unfit control valves during your project before

it is too late? I mean too late before it really hurts! Before it eats your

energy! Before it gives you sleepless nights! During my 42 years in the

petrochemical industry, working 35 years for an American oil and gas

major, I was often involved in large and mega projects as the automati-

on engineer responsible for the engineering, commissioning and startup

of instrumentation and control including those control valves.

How many of you have mastered the control valve sizing and selection process such that all your valves selected, except maybe a few, proved fit for the application and the plant started up without a glitch? In other words, you were never on the radar screen of the startup leader. You never got on the critical path of a startup. Never were you in a situa-tion where people were waiting for you put-ting the hydrocarbons in and finally making the product…How many times have you had to correct con-trol valve selections during commissioning and startup? And work your butt off to get those redesigns expedited to getting the plant started up and running?For those in this first top category, I deeply respect their skills to master the control valve sizing and selection process. I have been really jealous of them for many years!For those in the last category, like me, I deeply feel your frustrations of, over and over again, going through endless weeks, days and nights of aggravation and stress to get you off the critical path to start up the plant! Well, then, this article talks about you and me, and I am sharing my experience in my journey to master that skill.

A roadmap to master the control valve sizing and selection process

My suggestions and personal journey to master the control valve sizing and selection process reads like solving a puzzle, a complex puzzle I must say. Solving four in a row may not be a good comparison and playing chess is not either. This valve puzzle or call it riddle, is somewhere in between.• Piece one of the riddle is understand

the application. Ensure you get those requirements clear: What kind of con-trol task (flow, pressure, etc) does the operating condition it is most of the

valve wizard, do not try to grasp the math-ematics behind it.

• Piece four of the riddle is creating aware-ness of abnormal conditions that poten-tially triggers reliability challenges from physical parameters like the pressure drop, the outlet velocity, the power dis-sipated or the noise gener-ated by the valve / down-stream pipe.

• Piece five of the riddle is predicting reliability chal-lenges! Easy to say, but a challenge to master. Most often unreli-ability occurs due to combi-nations of flow phenomena with extreme physical parameters. Reflecting back on my jour-ney, mastering that part of the puzzle is the most chal-lenging and probably the critical success factor to make

you become part of the top category of End-users that manages the sizing and selection process as it should. If you completed the puzzle I am sure you will be able to size and select a valve for your application.

By Henk Hinssen, iHandl Engineering

FEED view Ri traffi c lights, issues and recommended solution (Input Andreas Vogt – F.I.R.S.T GmbH)

It is important in your work

to create awareness of abnormal

conditions that potentially trigger

reliability challenges.“ ”time functioning? With this applica-tion picture the instrument engineer is able to decide where it is important to address the valve fittness and where not!

• Piece two of the riddle is to understand what makes control valves work. It has all to do with thermodynamics. The basic process parameters are Medium, Pres-sures Up and Down, Temperature and

• Piece three of the riddle is to understand how phenomena like cavitation, flashing, choking, and outgassing behave over the full working range. Getting those under your belt takes time. Grabbing those does not come overnight. You will learn to quantify such behavior using phenomena parameters. Fortunately there are good tools on the market that help you there. Unless you are a control


CONTROL VALVES

Very late however, I dove deep into the Heat and Material balances (HMB) of the process designer to better understand the challenge for them to create those max, norm, min and abnormal process conditions from those HMB’s. And very recently I came across a project with valve selections with more than 10 working points even…

Ri issues, recommended solution and subclasses (Input Andreas Vogt – F.I.R.S.T GmbH)

30 years, to globally roll out a vendor independent commercial sizing and selec-tion tool and replace the widespread use of vendor sizing tools and sometimes home grown tools. This commercial soft-ware tool truly focuses on visualizing flow phenomena and calculating the effects of abnormal conditions. Half or more of my constituents perceived the tool as too complex in comparison to what they were used to and resisted to use it. The other half embraced it and took full advantage of its power.

• After retirement I spent over four years influ-encing the tool developer to create a user interface using Key Performance Indicators like a Reliability Index, a Reliability Curve over the full working range and Traffic Lights (Green meaning reliability OK, Yellow mean-ing revisit your design and Red meaning go back to the drawing board) to convince the other half of my prior constituents. The whole organization embraced it immediately and it became part of their daily life.

• As a side effect we enabled the process designers to address control valve reli-ability even during the FEED stage thereby identifying the High Performance Control Valves and securing the appropriate budget for those valves.

• After this journey we finally mastered our sizing and selection tool process and rolled it out to the instrumentation and process design communities.

• To go the extra mile, I convinced the tool developer to create an automatic batch routine to identify those valves unit for the application. I was thinking of a tool for use during the FEED or Detailed Engi-neering phases to automatically identify out of a batch of control valves those

Most often unreliability occurs

due to combinations of fl ow

phenomena with extreme physical

parameters.“”

My personal journey to master the control valve sizing and selection process

Let me share my journey of how I finally cracked this challenging sizing and selection puzzle.• Piece one was pretty obvious for me. I started

as an instrument engineer with a project

constructing a High Pressure Polyethylene Plant and mastered, I thought, the importance of getting minimum three working points. I noticed however so many valves were speci-fied with only one working point. I learned later that with even two working points you can already drastically improve your reliability prediction versus having one working point.

• For piece two I was lucky and gifted with a passion for thermodynamics. For me thermodynamics was one of the most dif-ficult courses to get under my belt during my engineering study. Now I have realized why it was that difficult: the teaching, the handbooks and my notes were poor. Luckily for those engineers who are studying ther-modynamics today, the tools around today are great to teach you thermodynamics! I bumped into a powerful tool approximately 15 years into my career, and it changed my ability to understand thermodynamics in general and for control valves specifically. Knowing which properties are essential for each application is something very important to master. You must focus on the essential ones only! Therefore you must ignore or weed out those of no use for each specific application. Mastering that I believe is also a critical success factor. It took me most of my career to feel comfortable. The better the tool to handle this, the more successful you will be, so make sure you get the right tool.

• Together with my colleagues we created a High Performance control valve category, estimated less than 10% population to distinguish them from the other 90% con-trol valves, to create better focus to address reliability.

• To master part three and four of the rid-dle I had to convince my organization, after being with the company for almost

that are unfit for the application so they can be redesigned prior to purchase! Easy to ask, more challenging to get! It took another four years to materialize. It became a service offered to projects generating substantial capital efficien-cies with an even higher than 100/1 benefit/cost ratio, not by lower the engi-neering man-hours but by reducing the capital expenditures needed to correct the design flaws during commissioning and startup. This method has now been proved successful on a major current project in Europe. The results are fasci-nating and convinced my prior company to consider this for each future major project. For those interested please con-tact me via email or see me at the tool developer’s Valve World Americas booth # 932 where they will demonstrate the service.

• As a project spinoff End-Users are now approaching the tool developer to expand the service not only for projects but also for operational purposes. Time will tell if this approach will yield a service that can be applied for turnaround planning (which valves to take out for overhaul), for scanning (I am tempted to call it a DNA scan, to identify their High Performance Valves, to match the Bad Actor listing, etc.) or other potential operate and maintain applications.

REGIONAL NEWS


Iraq opens the West Qurna/1 wet oil treatment

Middle East nuclear power set to increase

Iraq use seawater injection to increase its oil exports

Jacobs secures a feasibility study contract for KPC

KPC inks a long-term LNG supply deal

Mr. Jabbar, Al-Lueibi, the Minister of Oil for Iraq, opened the wet oil treatment unit in the 6th gas insulation unit in West Qurna/1 field with a capacity of 50 thousand barrels/day.Mr. Al-Luiebi confirmed on the keenness of the ministry to raise the production from the oil fields via the projects which will be executed by cooperation with the global companies or the national effort.Mr. Al-Luiebi said that this project is consid-ered as a pride for the oil industry. It was also

finished in a record time to raise and qualify the production from the field. He said also that this project will contribute to restart 15 wells shut because of water. And it will add 20 thou-sand barrels to increase the total capacity of the station to 160 thousand barrels/day.It is worthy to say that the opening celebra-tion was attended by the inspector general of the ministry of oil, the directors general of the ministry, the responsible officials, the workers of the ministry and the media.

Nuclear electricity generation capacity in the Middle East is expected to increase from 3.6 gigawatts in 2018 to 14.1 GWe by 2028, says the US Energy Infor-mation Administration (EIA). The United Arab Emirates (UAE) will lead near-term growth by install-ing 5.4 GWe of nuclear capacity by 2020.The EIA listed the five key develop-ments in the region.

Iran is building a two-unit nuclear plant, Bushehr-II, which is designed to add 1.8 GWe of nuclear capac-ity when completed in about 2026. The UAE is constructing the four-unit Barakah nuclear power plant, which is expected to be completed by the end of 2020.Turkey began construction of the Akkuyu nuclear power plant late last year. This is a four-unit facil-ity designed to add 4800 MWe of

nuclear capacity to Turkey’s gen-eration mix.Saudi Arabia is planning to build its first nuclear power plant and is expected to award a construction contract for a 2800 GWe facility by the end of this year.Jordan plans to install a two-unit 2000 MWe nuclear plant and has been conducting nuclear feasibil-ity studies with Russia’s Rosatom since 2016.

Looking at injecting seawater into its southern oilfield deposits to boost production – with Exxon and Petro China – the second largest producer of OPEC is intensifying its efforts to expand the capacity to pump and export oil. For this, it has plans that include the injection of seawater into crude deposits. In addition to the construction of export facilities on an artificial island in the Persian Gulf.

Iraq is seeking offers from six companies for a USD 4 B project to inject seawater into its southern oil fields, so as to remove more crude from the deposits. This was stated by Ihsan Abdul Jabbar, general director of the state company Basra Oil Co. The country has already received offers from five companies interested in building a processing facil-ity to double production in the Majnoon field to 450,000 bpd.

Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. has been awarded a contract for a pre-feasibility study, with the option of proceeding to a detailed feasibility study, for Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC) and its subsidiaries. The studies are in support of KPC’s strategic directions and downstream long-term plans for the period up to 2040.Jacobs will evaluate how domestic refining capacity can be best expanded, in a cost-effective way, while provid-ing advantaged feedstocks for integrated petrochemi-cal production. The studies will cover evaluation and optimization of alternative process configurations using an integrated Linear Program model, various technical studies, licensor evaluation, cost estimation, financial modeling and risk assessment and management, with a focus on increasing refining capacity and optimum petro-chemical integration.

Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC) has reportedly signed a long-term liquefied natu-ral gas (LNG) supply deal.The deal would allow KPC to meet the rising demand for energy in the country.The LNG will be used for fueling power plants.KPC is looking to diversify the sources of LNG. The latest agreement follows that signed in

December with the Hague-based LNG giant Shell.Under that agreement, Shell is set to deliver some 2 to 3 MMT of LNG a year, over a period of 15 years starting in 2020.Volumes to be delivered under the latest agreement have not been disclosed, as well as the start date of the supply.

ADNOC signs offshore

concessions with CNPC

The China National Petroleum Corpo-ration (CNPC), the world’s third larg-est oil company, has been awarded stakes in two of Abu Dhabi’s off-shore concession areas following the signing of agreements with the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC).Under the terms of the agreements, CNPC, through its majority-owned listed subsidiary PetroChina, has been granted a 10% interest in the Umm Shaif and Nasr concession and a 10% interest in the Lower Zakum concession.PetroChina contributed a participa-tion fee of AED 2.1 B (USD 575 M) to enter the Umm Shaif and Nasr con-cession and a fee of AED 2.2 B (USD 600 M) to enter the Lower Zakum concession. Both concessions will be operated by ADNOC Offshore, on behalf of all concession partners.The Umm Shaif and Nasr conces-sion, and the Lower Zakum conces-sion have been created from the former ADMA offshore concession, with the aim of maximising com-mercial value, broadening the partner base, expanding technical expertise, and enabling greater market access.

SDX announces an oil discovery at Rabul 5 Well,

EgyptSDX Energy Inc., the North Africa focused oil and gas company, is pleased to announce that an oil discovery has been made at its Rabul 5 Well in the West Gharib Concession in Egypt.The well was drilled to 5,280 feet total depth and encountered approximately 151 feet of net heavy oil pay across the Yusr and Bakr formations, with an average porosity of 18%. Further evaluation of the discovery is ongoing, after which the Company expects the well to be completed as a pro-ducer and connected to the central processing facilities at Meseda.Following completion of the Rabul 5 well the Company will move on to the Rabul 4 location, the second of two appraisal wells planned for the Rabul feature this year.

Iraq plans to reduce petroleum products

imports by 25%Iraq’s oil ministry said that the nation would reduce its petroleum products imports by 25% as crude oil refineries are being rehabilitated following fighting with Islamic State militants.Iraq is also producing more oil products by pro-cessing natural gas liquids, without indicating a specific timeframe for the import cuts. The min-istry has announced in the past few months an increase in the capacity of the Kirkuk oil refinery as well as plans to this year to rehabilitate parts of the Baiji plant, which used to be Iraq’s largest petroleum processing facility.Iraq is OPEC’s second-largest oil producer after Saudi Arabia. Its refining capacity was curtailed when Islamic State militants overran Baiji, north of Baghdad, in 2014.Iraqi forces recaptured Baiji in 2015 but it sus-tained heavy damage. The country now relies mainly on the Dora refinery, in Baghdad, and the southern Shuaiba plant.

Rack-Pinion-Rack Gear Train

High Capacity Single Stage Trim

Tight Shut Off

High Pressure Drop Multi-Stage Trim

Goodwin Axial Isolation, Control and HIPPS Valves provide

durability, reliability and control, with the exceptional service that

Goodwin is renowned for.

[email protected]

+44 1782 654000

www.goodwinflowcontrol.comLEARN MORE

www.goodwinflowcontrol.com

ControlooooooooooooV A LV E S

A X I A L

INNOVATION IN THE PIPELINE

C B S E R I E S

LEARN MORE

NOVA


V A LV E S

A X I A L


A B S E R I E S

Isolationoooooooo

LEARN MORE



A H S E R I E S

LEARN MORE

V A LV E S

A X I A L

HIPPS

AXIAL HIPPS VALVE

AXIAL CONTROL VALVE

OVAT OVAT

AXIAL ISOLATION VALVE

DOWNLOAD BROCHURES AT www.goodwinflowcontrol.com/media#downloads

MARKET REPORT


nuclear power reactors in Egypt, investments by the Government of Angola in developing water management and sanitation across the country, and the planned development of the Assa-North/Ohaji-South fields by the end of 2018 in Nigeria, are expected to boost the demand for industrial valves in the region.Ball, gate, butterfly, and globe valves are the major revenue-generating industrial valves in the African region, accounting for close to 80% of the market. Ball valves: They can sustain challenging working conditions in the oil & gas industry, where the flow of oil & gas exerts pressure on the piping infrastructure. Gate valves: As gate valves apply less pressure in comparison to other valves, they are used in long piping networks for the transportation of fluids between two or more countries. Globe valves: They are used to throttle the flow of the fluid and shut off is carried out by moving the disc against the flow rather than across it. Others: The market share of other industrial valves including plug, check, and diaphragm valves is also expected to increase margin-ally across the region in the coming years. The oil & gas sector emerged as the larg-est contributor to industrial valve revenues in 2016, followed by other sectors such as: power generation, water, and chemicals, etc. Oil & Gas: Nigeria, Angola, Algeria are the largest oil producers in the region and the major demand for industrial valves is being generated from these countries. The market share of the Oil &Gas sector decreased during 2012–2016 due to the decrease in oil produc-tion globally, as well as in the African region.

Outlook for the industrial valve market in Africa

Looking at how the valve market in Africa will be affected

by the changing economic situation between 2017–2022.

The global industrial valve market stood at USD 61.92 billion in 2016 and Africa’s share was 4.59%, which is expected to increase in the coming five years. The economy of Africa is growing, although at a slow pace. The emphasis will be on industrialization as the key growth factor for the region’s indus-trial valves market. Recovering oil prices, globally, is also one of the factors driving growth in the market, as Africa has proven oil reserves. Nigeria, Angola, and South Africa are the leading demand-generating countries in the region. Many African countries have also formulated policies for the energy & power sector with importance being given to more power genera-tion to increase the share of people with access to electricity, which in turn is expected to be the tailwind for the valves market in the power sec-tor. The oil & gas, power, chemicals, and water & wastewater sectors contain the lion’s share in the region’s industrial valves market and are expected to maintain their market dominance during the forecasted period of the next five years as well.

Market size

Africa’s industrial valve market stood at USD 2.96 billion in 2016 and grew at a CAGR of 2.55% during 2012–2016. The market is fore-cast to grow at a CAGR of more than 4% dur-ing 2017E–2022, owing to an increase in pub-lic and private investments, a growing focus towards water sanitation, a rising demand and the relative recovery in prices of oil and gas. Additionally, an increasing number of projects such as the construction of two new

Power: Africa is home to the largest number of people having no access to electricity. However, increasing government’s initiatives to cater to the demand of the power genera-tion sector is expected to increase the reve-nues of industrial valves. In 2013, the United States Government launched a Power Africa campaign in Africa to increase the power generation capacity in the region, which increased the demand for industrial valves during the period 2013–2017 as a result.

Water & wastewater effluent: The growing demand for access to clean water and waste-water management is fueling the demand for industrial valves in Africa. In 2016, the African Development Bank approved USD 391 million for water and sanitation projects in Kenya, which is expected to drive the market for industrial valves. Others: Apart from these sectors, the mining, chemicals, and agriculture sectors are also expected to offer ample growth opportunities to companies operating in the Africa industrial valves market. The mining industry in Africa is one of the leading sectors contributing towards the GDP of some countries such as South Africa. Mining is also a major growth factor for the industrial valves market there.

Conclusion

Increasing industrialization and growth in other sectors apart from oil & gas is driving the market for industrial valves in the region. The growing GDP and recovering prices in the oil & gas sector are increasing revenues for the governments in the region. These results are having a positive effect on spending with regard to power and water-related projects, both of which require substantial volume of valves. With rising investments across a number of sectors in Africa, demand for industrial valves is further expected to grow in the coming years.

By Deepankar Bose, Research Manager, TechSci Research, Noida, India

Bunkers include international aviation and international marine bunkersSource: International Energy Agency

Table 1: Africa Oil Production, By Volume, 2016 (Thousand Barrels Per Day)

Country Oil Production

Nigeria 2053

Angola 1807

Algeria 1579

Egypt 691

Libya 426

Rest of Africa 1336

Fig. 1. Global total primary energy supply, by volume, 1990 & 2015 (Mtoe). Bunkers include international aviation and international marine bunkers. Source:International Energy Agency.


The Jamnagar refinery located in the special economic zone at Jamnagar in the north-west of India in Gujarat is renowned throughout the world. It was originally commissioned in July 1999 as a private sector, crude oil refinery, owned by Reliance Industries with an installed capacity of 660,000 barrels per day. Over the years it has grown considerably in size, the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) plant being added in 2008, making it into what is today consid-ered to be the largest refinery in the world.Most recently at the very end of February 2018, Reliance Industries announced a 30% increase in the installed capacity of this export-focused, which will again lead to a mammoth expansion of this world’s largest refinery complex. So what is the capacity that is actually being produced by the refinery at present. As recently as October 2017 India’s Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell reported that the Jamnagar refinery’s installed capacity was 35.3 million tonnes a year. In comparison the same Petroleum Planning and Analysis Cell had indicated in a report published two months earlier in August 2017 that this figure was up from 27 million tonnes or approximate-ly 545,000 barrels a day as of April 2017. The new capacity is equal to producing approximately 705,000 barrels per day of crude processing oil. The first plant built by Reliance Industries sold most of its fuels to the regional Indian market, but particularly after 2008 exports have be-come a dominant fac-tor. Reliance Industries

have indicated that the expansion in SEZ capac-ity has been largely due to “debottlenecking a number of processes, whilst at the same time ensuring that other processes were stream-lined”. Nevertheless, to date the company has not provided more details as to the capacity within the refinery has been increased. It has, however, been known for some time that the company has been constantly operating its export-oriented refinery at a rate that is higher than its nameplate capacity. Other comments on the situation have not been forthcoming from Reliance Industries for the time being.Looking ahead, the refinery will continue to be one of the most complex in the world with fa-cilities maximizing production of gasoline and diesel from higher density crude oil. In pres-entation that Reliance Industries have given t0 the press on a number of occasions they have estimated that production capacity from its Jamnagar complex will be raised to 100 million tonnes per year by 2030 at a estimated cost of $10 million. It will therefore further expand as a hub for industry and high technical employ-ment in the region.

Jamnagar refinery to undergo further expansion

REFINERIES/PETROCHEMICALS INDIA NEWS

Table 1 The six largest refi neries in the world

No. Name /Owner of refinery Location1 Jamnagar Refinery (Reliance Industries) Jamnagar, India

2 Paraguana Refinery Complex (PDVSA) Punto Fijo, Falcón, Venezuela

3 SK Energy Ulsan Refinery (SK Energy) Ulsan, South Korea

4 Yeosu Refinery (GS Caltex, a joint venture between GS Holdings and Chevron)

Yeosu City, South Jeolla Prov-ince, South Korea

5 Onsan Refinery (S-Oil Corporation) Ulsan, South Korea

6 Port Arthur Refinery (Motiva Enterprises (Joint Venture between Texaco and Saudi Aramco)

Port Arthur in Texas, USA

Just a very small section of the Jamnagar refi nery – currently the largest refi nery in the world.

The location of the refi nery plant in the north-west of India in Gujarat.

Aramco, RRPCL sign MOU on petrochemical plant

Total and Saudi Aramco to build a petrochemical complex

Saudi Aramco recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with “Ratnagiri Refinery and Petrochemicals Ltd.” (RRP-CL), a consortium of Indian oil companies which includes The Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (IOCl), Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. (BPCL), and Hindustan Pe-troleum Corporation Ltd. (HPCL), to jointly develop and build an integrated mega refinery and petrochemicals complex at Rat-nagiri, in the state of Maharash-tra. Saudi Aramco may also seek to include a strategic partner to co-invest in the mega refinery. The project cost is estimated at around $44 billion.The strategic partnership brings together crude supply, resourc-es, technologies, experience, and expertise of these multiple oil companies with an estab-

lished commercial presence around the world.The refinery will be capable of processing 1.2 million barrels of crude oil per day. It will produce a range of refined petroleum products, including gasoline and diesel, meeting BS-VI fuel efficiency norms. The refinery will also provide feedstock for the integrated petrochemical complex, which

will be capable of producing approximately 18 million tons per annum of petrochemical production. In addition to the refinery, cracker and down-stream petrochemical facili-ties, the project will include associated facilities such as a logistics, crude oil and prod-uct storage terminals, raw water supply, as well as cen-tralized and shared utilities.

Saudi Aramco and Total signed a MoU to build a petrochemical complex in Jubail, Saudi Ara-bia with an estimated investment of $9bn. The complex will be integrated downstream of the SATORP refinery, a joint venture between Saudi Aramco (62.5%) and Total (37.5%) in Jubail. The project will produce more than 2.7 million metric tons of high value chemicals.Located next to the SATORP refinery in the same industrial area, the complex will comprise a world-size mixed-feed steam cracker

(50% ethane and refinery off-gas) with a capac-ity of 1.5 million tons per year of ethylene and related high-added-value petrochemical units.The project will represent an investment of around $5 billion. The cracker will feed other petrochemical and specialty chemical plants representing an overall amount of $4 billion in-vestment by third party investors.The two partners are planning to start the front-end engineering and design (FEED) in the third quarter of 2018.


PEOPLE & PRODUCT NEWS

Bell O Seal Valves approved for chlorine applications

Rotork opens new fluid power actuator factory in Chennai

Inauguration ceremony at Shilpan Steelcast Pvt Ltd.

“After a twenty-year struggle for Bell O Seal Valves (P) Ltd., we have achieved approval from Euro Chlor to supply our globe valves for chlorine and chlorine derivative applications,” Managing Director Rajesh K. Salims recently told the Valve World India Journal. The pro-cess involved in Euro Chlor approval is an important one in that a small leak of chlorine can be a human hazard leading to human deaths and hence is classified as a Cat M Fluid service. Being such a service, Euro Chlor brought in guidelines and an approval pro-cess related to Bellow Seal Valves involving: (1) A design review of Bellow Seal Valves. (2) A factory audit. (3) A sample testing of valves. (4) Fugitive emission’s compliance. (5) A field test report on valves that had

been installed and had run successful for more than two years of operation.

All these criteria were verified through TÜV SÜD, Germany.Why Euro Chlor Valves: Every end-user has an environment impact assessment report which assures the National Pol-lution Control Board that their fugitive emissions will be minimised so that LDAR exemptions are availed from the Government of India. By using Euro Chlor approved valves, the end-user has an assurance that reliable valves are pur-chased for critical/hazardous applications so that LDAR exemptions are taken and in this way they can avoid penalties and fines from the Central Pollution Board.Bello O Seal’s valves can be used in such applications as: liquid chlorine, dry gas chlorine, HCL, pyrophoric media, florine, hydrogen fluoride, phosgene, nitrogen tri-fluoride, Cat M Fluids as per ASME B 31.3.

Plants where they are used are: chloro alkali, TDI, MDI, isocynates, chloro meth-anes, VCM, EDC, ECH, pesticides, insecti-cides, HFC, and halogenated plants, etc.

Earlier this year a new Rotork factory was opened in Chennai, dedicated to manufactur-ing Rotork’s Fluid Systems’ products in India. The 23,200 square foot factory was formally inaugurated by Ravi Shankar, Managing Direc-tor of Rotork India. The inauguration was attended by key customers and suppliers from across the country, who were given live dem-onstrations of the Rotork products.Rotork Fluid Systems’ products encompass scotch-yoke and rack-and pinion pneumatic and hydraulic actuators, gas-over-oil actua-

tors, high-pressure direct-gas actuators and electro-hydraulic actuators.In addition to quarter-turn designs, most ranges are also available for linear valve appli-cations. Many actuators are built for critical high-speed failsafe or emergency shutdown (ESD) duties in harsh locations, including sub-sea actuators for valves at depths measured in hundreds of feet.The Rotork service includes the design and production of control systems and instru-mentation, facilitating the manufacture of

complete fluid power actuation packaged solutions for projects of all sizes and com-plexities. Peter Matton, Rotork Fluid Systems Manag-ing Director, commented: “The addition of this new facility will allow Rotork India to better serve its growing market for Rotork Fluid Systems products in India. The factory was commissioned in a record time of eight weeks from the date of taking possession of the premises to the assembly of the first pneumatic actuators.”

A second unit of Shilpan Steelcast Pvt. Ltd. was officially opened with a celebratory ceremony earlier this year. The location of the new unit is Lodhika, Kishan Gate, Kalawad Road, Metoda, in Rajkot, Gujarat.The ceremony commenced with ribbon cutting, followed by a symbolic lighting of the lamp to pay respect to Lord Ganesha as is Indian custom. The program was graced by some of the biggest and most respected names in the industry in the Gujarat region.This second unit, or SSPL–2 as it is fondly called, is a state-of-the-art Investment casting foundry, spread over 160,000 square feet of land, and having a capacity of over 3000 metric tonnes per annum. As is fitting to this high-tech unit, it has multiple in-house machining shops and laboratories and is equipped with the latest in machining and testing facilities. A spokesman for the company told Valve World India Journal: “It is one of the largest single investment casting foundries of its kind in India.”SSPL–2 has been established with the sole purpose of pro-viding extremely high-quality casting solutions with the foundry focusing on such industries as pumps, valves, auto-mobiles, turbochargers, surgical implants, and ordinance, etc. Certainly a factor playing to its advantage is its strategic location in Rajkot, Gujarat – one of the fastest growing state economies in the country.The new unit is part of the Shilpan & Shyamal Group, an INR 650+ Cr. conglomerate, with business interests in infrastruc-ture development, information technology, energy, educa-tion and engineering automation.

2L Engineers expand their business

2L Engineers, a fast growing valve manu-facturers in India have so far success-fully installed valves in about ten countries around the world and will be striving hard in the new financial year of 2018– 2019 to increase upon this count. Mr. N.S. Honnalli, the Chief Executive Officer stated: “All of this has been achieved within three years of the brand’s inception. To meet growing manufacturing require-ments the company has opened up a new manufactur-ing unit near Rayapur, Dharwad, Karnataka. The company already produces a whole array of valves including: ball, butterfly, check, gate, globe, forged, plug, and customized valves. See further www.2LEngineers

Saint-Gobain Seals providing critical sealing parts for the oil & gas

industries

Oil & gas environ-ments are one of the most hazardous industrial applica-tion fields due to the presence of flammable vapors and gases. It is therefore essential that the parts used in these industries are reliable. In a recent conversation with the Valve World India Journal, Saint-Gob-ain stated that their OmniSeal parts are valuable in solving reliability issues that occur when elastomer seals interact with corrosive oil and gas (or sour gas), or when temperatures vary, or when there are sudden high-pressure changes. The company produces a polymer spring-actuated, pressure-assisted sealing device constructed of a PTFE (or other polymer) jacket that is partially enclosed by a corrosion-resistant energizer that has a crucial place in the oil & gas industries. The sealing parts are made in-house using a special assembly line, which makes use of unique cutting tools that produce a variety of part geometries. Saint-Gobain also use R&D simulation tools such as finite element analysis to model, design and validate complex designs. The seal handles extreme applications with high pressure conditions – up to 20,000 psi and temperature ranges from cryogenic to 300oF and above. Saint-Gobain’s spring-energized seals have been used for fifty years by their main customers, OEMs, and engineers. Two of their key benefits being a precise fit and lifetime confidence. For further information, please visit: www.seals.saint-gobain.com

The certifi cate being collected by Managing Director of Bello O Seal Valves, Mr. Rajesh K. Salins (center) at the Euro Chlor offi ce in Brussels, Belgium.

Exterior and interior of the new Rotork Fluid Systems Chennai factory on the day of the inauguration.

Shilpan Steelcast management possessing before the ceremony.


WorleyParsons bags PMC contract from ADNOC for CFP

CIRCOR open extension to manufacture refinery valves

Egypt invite an alliance for Red Sea energy exploration

TAPI becomes powerful impetus for economic development

Iraq seeks investors for Anbar refinery project

ADNOC Refining has awarded Worley-Parsons the project management con-sultancy (PMC) contract for the Crude Flexibility Project (Project) at the Ruwais Refinery.The Project is part of ADNOC’s program to accelerate its downstream strategy delivery by expanding its crude processing options. The upgrade entails building new facilities and modifying

existing installations to process offshore crude at the Ruwais Refinery.WorleyParsons will oversee the performance of the EPC contrac-tor through the detailed design and procurement phases over the next 14 months. Thereafter, the WorleyParsons team will transition to the Ruwais Refinery site to supervise

the construction and commissioning works until the final delivery of the Pro-ject in 2022.

The CIRCOR India Coimbatore facility recently celebrated the opening of an extension to their manufacturing facilities to produce refinery valves. Reliance India is their largest customer for refinery valves and will be served out of this facility. This is in line with CIRCOR’s East for East strategy.In addition to the company’s Delta Valve products, they will also manu-facture TapcoEnpro valves. Delta Valve designs, engineers, and produces top of the range, technologically advanced valves and related equipment for the operation of delayed coking units in refineries. TapcoEnpro manufactures a diverse set of customized, highly engi-neered severe service valves and sys-tems for fluid catalytic cracking units in refineries. It is the intention that the

Coimbatore facility will bring the best of both together.The inauguration was graced by Mr. Scott Buckhout-President & Group CEO (CIRCOR), Mr. Varun Vijay Rao-President (CIRCOR India), Mr. Elango Narendran, and Mr. Steven Seals from the CIRCOR family.CIRCOR’s chief guests for the event were: Mr. Lakshmi Narayanasamy, Managing Director – Suguna Group of Industries and Mr. Srihari Balakrishnan, Managing Director – KG Fabriks.

Egypt will invite international oil companies to explore for petroleum wealth in the Red Sea before the end of the year.An international alliance that includes British geophysical services company WesternGeco-Schlumberger and the Norwegian geoscience data company TGS-NOPEC has been collect-ing data on Egypt’s Red Sea coast to determine oil and gas concentrations.The alliance is investing USD 750 M in the studies, using equipment to create images of the seabed dozens of kilometres underwater.The alliance expected to finalise its data collection process is to publish a study outlining hydrocarbon concentrations in the area. The Petroleum Ministry would then issue a global tender to explore for hydrocarbons in the region.Egypt has undertaken significant diplomatic efforts, including a maritime boundary demarcation deal with Saudi Arabia in April 2016, to allow for greater petroleum exploration.

The transnational megaproject of the Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India gas pipeline (TAPI), which is to be put into operation by 2019, will become a powerful impetus for the regional economic development.The construction, launched in Turkmeni-stan on December 13, 2015, will create not only new jobs, but also ensure stable energy supply of the region.TAPI project entered a new stage of implementation on February 23, which initiated construction work in Afghanistan.

The heads and officials of four countries took part in the opening ceremonies in Turkmenistan’s Mary province and Afghanistan’s Herat province.After the completion of the construction, the pipeline will annually transport 33 billion cubic meters of gas from Turkmeni-stan’s Galkynysh gas field, the world’s second biggest gas field.The Asian Development Bank, the Euro-pean Bank for Reconstruction and Devel-opment and the Japanese government expressed interest in financing the TAPI project.

Iraq’s Ministry of Oil (MoO) has invited investors to submit proposals for the construction of a 70,000 bpd capacity refinery in Anbar Province near the city of Haditha. The dead-line has been set for June 14 for the facility to be constructed on either a build-own-operate (BOO)

or build-own-transfer (BOT) basis.Locating a refinery in Anbar will enable the supply of fuel to much of the remote western region.NewsBase Research (NBR) data shows that while Iraq had a nameplate refining capacity of 900,000 bpd in 2016, the average refinery

utilisation rate was around 50%, producing 448,900 bpd that year.The MoO said recently that the country was seeking to raise its refining capacity to 1.5 M bpd by 2021. Of that, 500,000 bpd would be exported. There is also a push to attract around USD 4 B in funding for petro-chemical projects.

Sembcorp Marine bags TechnipFMC FPSO contract

Sembcorp Marine has secured a contract from TechnipFMC to undertake the engineering, pro-curement and construction of hull and living quar-ters for a newbuild floating production, storage and offloading vessel (FPSO) for Energean’s Karish and Tanin development off Israel.The contract was awarded to SembMarine’s subsidi-ary, Sembcorp Marine Rigs & Floaters. It includes fab-rication and integration of various topside modules, as well as installation of owner-furnished equipment, SembMarine informed on Wednesday.The FPSO’s hull is approximately 227m long and 50m wide, with a total oil storage capacity of 800,000bbls and gas production capacity of 8bcm (billion cubic metres) per annum.Scheduled for completion in the Q4 of 2020, the FPSO will be deployed at the Energean-operated Karish and Tanin deepwater field developments in the Eastern Mediterranean, approximately 90km offshore Israel.

ADNOC awards contracts to Samsung Engineering

Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) has confirmed the signing of two major contracts between ADNOC Refining, a wholly owned subsidiary of ADNOC, and Samsung Engineering Co., Ltd, worth a total value in excess of USD 3.5B.The two contracts comprise a USD 3.1B project to introduce crude oil process-ing flexibility and a USD 473M project to recover power and water, both at the ADNOC-owned Ruwais oil refinery.The first of the two new contracts awarded by ADNOC (ADNOC Refining) to Samsung Engineering was an EPC contract for a crude oil processing flex-ibility project.Scheduled to be completed by the end of 2022, this project will enable ADNOC’s Ruwais Refinery-West complex to process up to 420,000 bpd of Upper Zakum crude.The second contract awarded, also by ADNOC Refining to Samsung Engineering, was an EPC contract for a new Waste Heat Recovery Project. This project, scheduled for completion by the end of 2023, will generate an additional 230 MW of electricity for sale and 62,400 m3

water daily by capturing waste heat.

PLANTS & PROJECT NEWS


FORTHCOMING EVENTSBIG DATA

Events23 – 25 May, 20185th Water India 2018 ExpoWater India is a platform created to show case products, services and solutions available in the water industry worldwide. The event will provide comprehensive insight into the water industry – best practices, latest technologies, alternative solutions, emerging opportunity and business prospective.Location: Pragati Maidan, New DelhiFor more information: Email:[email protected]: http://www.waterindia.com

11–12 July, 20184th Edition of Valve Technology Conclave 2018This will be a two day event with focus on providing training to the valve industry and end-users. The theme of the conference is centered around the future of the Industry and is titled: Valves Industry – Future Perfect.The first day of the conference will have sessions planned to train professionals on the current trends in Materials, and Actuation, etc. The second day sessions are planned to cover the need of Internet of Things from an end-use perspective, Smart Shop floor to meet customer expectations, and panel discussions on the future of the Supply Chain. A separate session will be devoted to bench marking the industry with other industries and how to learn from them. Location: Hotel Radisson Blu, Coimbatore, India. As seats are limited, you should register for the conference as soon as possible.For more information: contact, [email protected] and 0422 – 4044555.

23 – 25 August, 201815th Everything About Water Expo (South Asia’s largest water events)Water Expo is a distinctive and comprehensive annual event of India in Water and Wastewater Management sector, showcasing latest technologies of worldwide. It will offer unparalleled business opportunities to both national as well as international players from the water industry to learn and explore the future trend of the Indian water market.Location: Hall 12A, Pragati Maidan, Delhi, IndiaFor more information: Email:[email protected]:http://www.eawater.com/expo/index.php

4 – 6 October, 2018India Chem 2018 - 10th Biennial International Exhibition & ConferenceIndia Chem is an event of Chemicals and Petrochemical Industry in India, and plays a significant role in the economic development of our country. The Indian chemical industry is at the threshold of rapid growth with the Government of India providing an atmosphere of support and encouragement.Location: Bombay Exhibition Centre, NSE Nesco Complex, Goregaon (East), Mumbai: 400063Maharashtra, IndiaFor more information: Email:[email protected]:http://www.indiachem.in/conference-detail.phpUrl:http://www.eawater.com/expo/index.php

7 – 10 October, 2018Middle East Petrotech 2018PETROTECH is an exhibition that showcases innovative refining equipment and petrochemicals at PETROTECH MIDDLE EAST & discovers new technological trends and developments in the oil & gas industry.Location: Bahrain International Exhibition & Convention Centre (BIECC) in Manama, BahrainFor more information: Email:[email protected]:https://freshexpo.ru/en/exhibition/7579/

12 – 15 November, 2018ADIPECThe Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference (ADIPEC) is one of the world’s most influential events for the oil and gas industry. 2018 ADIPEC will host over twenty-five international pavilions from around the world.Location: Abu Dhabi, UAEFor more information: Email: [email protected]: http://https://www.adipec.com

13 – 14 November, 2018Managing Aging Plants USA 2018The Materials Technology Institute (MTI) and Stainless Steel World Americas will present the 2018 Managing Aging Plants USA Conference & Exhibition, at the Royal Sonesta Houston Galleria in Houston, Texas. The conference program will feature topics related to aging infrastructure as well as stainless steel– and corrosion resistant alloy (CRA)–related subjects like welding, non-destructive testing, duplex, corrosion, etc.Location: Royal Sonesta Houston Galleria Hotel, Houston, Texas, USAFor more information: Contact: Mr Josh GillenPhone: +1-416-361-7030Email: [email protected]: http://www.ssw-americas.com/mapsswam/event-info.html

28 – 29 November, 2018Valve World Conference & Expo 2018Be a part the worlds’ premier valve event and network with the leading minds driving ahead innovation and excellence in the fields of valve manufacture, use and maintenance. Valve World is a dynamic and interactive event with a strong focus on personal interaction. The high quality conference has an emphasis on practical, applicable knowledge sharing. Not only will you gain knowledge and improve your skills, you’ll also expand your professional network for years to come.Location: Messe Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, GermanyFor more information:

Conference Organization:John ButterfieldTel: +31-575-585-294Email: [email protected]

Managing DirectorNicole NagelTel: +49-2821-711-45-55Email: [email protected]

Conference RegistrationIrina GastTel: +49 2821 711 45 41Email: [email protected]

Unique metals for your demanding applications www.langleyalloys.com

UKTel: +44 (0)1782 610 [email protected]

Ferralium® 255Alloy 32750Alloy 32760

Alloy K-500Alloy 718Alloy 625

Alloy 725Alloy 825Alloy 925

Hiduron® 130Hiduron® 191Hidurel® 5

Alloy 2205

Alloy 316LAlloy 254Fermonic® 50Fermonic® 60

UK • SingaporePortland • Houston

High-strengthcorrosion-resistantalloys in bar, plateand pipe.With 80 years’ experience, we provide products thatdeliver functional performance in the harshest ofconditions. Langley Alloys carry extensive stocks ofhigh-performance stainless steels, nickel andcopper alloys in bar plate and pipe form.

Oil and gas: preparing for the digital age

The oil and gas sector is ready to invest more heavily in

digitalisation, mainly to increase its profitability. Hardware and

software don’t seem to be a problem. It is mostly the human

factor which will pose a challenge.

Digitalisation is one of the key trends for oil and gas, according to the report Confi-dence and Control: the outlook for the oil and gas industry in 2018 (DNV GL). The re-port, which hit my desk a couple of weeks ago, is based on a global survey among more than 800 industry professionals, along with 15 in-depth interviews with a range of business experts, business leaders and analysts.From the report emerges a sector sentiment which can be described as cautious opti-mism. It appears that price levels for oil (and gas) have become less volatile and in 2018 will move between 55 and 63 USD per barrel: relatively high but still not near previous peak levels between 90 and 100 USD. As many experts say, these price levels can only lead to healthy margins if both running and investment costs are lower. And it seems that especially the major players have succeeded in doing just that. It is interesting to see that over the last three years only seven companies have been responsible for 90 per cent of all megaprojects (see also the article on pages 29 and 30).

More profitableThe emphasis on keeping costs down will remain high on the agenda of the sector, given the expectations that price levels will remain at a modest level. As for operating costs, the sector identifies digitalization as a key enabling technology. In the survey both digitalization and cyber security are topping the investment agenda in R&D/innovation. Over the next five years, 76 per cent of all respondents state they will invest in digitalisation and 68 per cent in cyber security.According to industry experts, the main focus of digitalisation (and subsequent standardisation) is to lower operating costs and to make the business more agile. As a respondent puts it: “R&D is less likely to be focused on ultra deepwater, the Arctic or other extreme environments. It will be more about rationalizing the business, making it more profitable, more productive, modernized.”

By Lucien Joppen

Coming together of technologies Industry experts further state that the poten-tial of digitalisation is expected to increase because of the coming together of different types of technology: block chain, artificial intelligence IIOT, robotics, sensors and pre-dictive modeling. “We’ve been digital for decades”, a manager from Statoil says, “but it has had limited impact beyond becoming more energy efficient. All the above factors enable large changes at an increasing pace.”According to IEA, digitalisation would be able to decrease production costs between 10 and 20 per cent, with more advanced use of sen-sors, seismic data and reservoir modelling. It also could increase technically recoverable oil and gas resources by 5 per cent globally. Not a surprise that Bloomberg New Energy Finance predicts a surge in demand for these technologies, growing into a USD 64 billion market in 2025.

Lack of digital skillsThe market, however, will not be all about the hardware and software. Human capital, or the skills package, will be instrumental whether companies will be able to reap the harvest of digitalisation, while also safe-guarding their operations (cyber security).From the survey appears that a lack of re-quired skills are seen as the biggest barrier. These ‘digital skill gaps’ need to be closed urgently, whether in house (hiring) or work-ing together/forming alliances with digital companies. As a representative from Galp puts it: “We look for companies that have clearly had success within our key digitali-sation areas, but not necessarily in oil and gas. We look outside, to other industries where we can learn new things.”

CORROSION PROTECTION


Corrosion protection of valves

This article looks at some of the reasons behind valves

failures in excessively corrosive environments and how

they can be protected by the use of organic, thermal

spray, and powder coatings.

Protection against corrosion in valves• Design & maintenance approach

– Increasing pump suction, pipe diam-eter wherever feasible (to reduce bubble formation), as well as inter-nal diameters of other pipes and tubes.

– Reducing the suction pipe lengths to reduce pressure drops.

– Redesign the system to reduce the flow-rate as well as turbulence; ensure net positive suction head.

– Reduce the number of pipe joints on the suction side.

– Maintenance effort to control fluid leakages from joints, suction-side, joint leaks in particular; use appro-priate joint seals and packing.

– Control the entry of particulate con-taminants, moisture and air bubbles.

– Allow fluid to settle down in a set-tling tank, so that water and air can be removed and sludge and emul-sion, if any, can be separated.

• Select erosion corrosion-resistant mate-rials compatible with environment.

• Use coatings and other surface treatments.

Protective coatings for valves

Organic paint coating is perhaps, the simplest method of protecting valve material from cor-rosion. The coating characteristics can be to provide good corrosion resistance and surface hardness. Several coating systems are avail-able, based upon the chemistry of the resin such as alkyd, epoxy, polyurethane, acrylic, and polyester to mention but a few. From water to toxic fluids, the choice can be made based upon the chemistry of the resin. Alkyd being least resistant to corrosion, and epoxy the best. Surface hardness can be increased

A.S. Khanna, Metallurgy Department, IIT Bombay

Fig. 1. Pitting corrosion on a valve due to erosion–corrosion. Fig. 2. Corrosion of the thread of a glamour hose Y-valve because of corrosive fl uid.

Fig. 3. Effect of fl ow velocity on the corrosion rate.

Uses and types of valvesValves and actuators are the essential part of any flow system to control and regulate the flow rate. However, the velocity of the fluid and impurities present in the fluid system result in disturbances in flow control and in some cases choke it. This thereby results in failure due to an excessive corrosive environ-ment. The simplest method to protect the valves from corrosion is, therefore, to protect them with suitable coatings. Organic paint coating is one solution, alternative coatings using thermal spray and powder coatings can also give hard and long durable coatings.Valves are the essential part of any flowing system, whether it is liquid or gas. The most common example of the use of valves is the distribution of water in cities, towns, and vil-lages. They regulate the flow and also cut off the supply in case there is any puncture of pipeline ahead. The valves need to perform excellently and should be free from any corro-sion or deterioration of their surface. In addi-tion to water transportation, there are several other fluids which may be reactive to valve materials and may corrode with time and thus can cause contamination, as well as disturb the flow pattern. Hence, it is of the utmost impor-tance to assure the stability of the valve mate-rial. Before we go into discussing the methods of protecting the valve material, it is important to highlight various other functions of valves.There are various kinds of valves, each one hav-ing a special specific function as listed below:1. Gate valves2. Diaphragm valves3. Butterfly valves4. Ball valves5. Needle valves6. Global valves7. Check valves8. Pinch valves9. Solenoid valves 10. Taper plug valves.

Materials used for making valves

Valves are often used in flow systems that con-tain dangerous liquids or gases—perhaps toxic chemicals, flammable petroleum, high-pressure steam, or compressed air—that must not be allowed to escape under any circumstances. Usually valves are made from steel as it is the cheapest material and is very easy to cast or machine into various intricate shapes. However, various other materials are also used to cast valves. Some of the common materials are:1. Carbon steel2. Ductile iron & cast iron3. Stainless steels4. Brass and bronzes5. Plastics – PVC.Carbon steel is the cheapest material, easily available and easy to fabricate in any shape or form. However, it has a strong tendency to get corroded in even moist environments and can corrode heavily in aggressive environ-ments such as onshore and offshore. Thus alternative materials such as stainless steels, and bronze, etc. are used. Plastic valves are also becoming very popular and they are free from any corrosion. Let us focus on the most common mechanism by which the valve mate-rials deteriorate? One of the most common mechanisms of deterioration of valve material is erosion–corrosion.

Erosion and cavitation corrosion

Erosion is perhaps the most common and wide spread mechanism, responsible for the corro-sion of valves. It takes place in aqueous fluids, organic fluids, and even in gaseous fluids. This basically is related to the flow pattern of the fluid flow. The velocity of the fluid affects the corrosion rate as shown in Fig. 3. Turbulent flow can cause major damage to valves and laminar flow appears to be the best. High pressure and a change in the direction of the flow causes cavi-tation damage in the form of deep pitting, which can finally turn into complete holes across the thickness of the valve material. The presence of suspended particles and impurities such as chlorides and sulphur bearing gases further aggravate the initial damage done by erosion alone.Table 1 lists various kinds of flows of different fluids in relation to ith the velocity and the typical damage expected.

Table 1 Effect of various fl ow patterns and their relation to the velocity and types of valves

Type of flow Media type Velocity range (m/s)

Recommended check valve type

Uniform Water & Oil 0.3–2 Inline guided disc

Uniform with insignificant

reversal

Water or oil 0.3–2Swing check w/lever and

center wt.

Steam, water, gas

2–30 Simple swing

Pulsating Air & Gas 1.5–3Inline guided disc with

cushion chamber

Uniform with normal reversal

Water & Oil 2–3Swing with spring assist

to close

Flow velocity, V(m/s)0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

10.90.80.70.60.50.40.30.20.1

0

Corr

osio

n ra

te(m

m/y

r)


MARKET REPORT

by enhancing the cross-linking of the coating or by the addition of certain additives. The addition of nano-silica, nano-alumina helps in high surface hardness. Ceramic filled epoxies are also used to control the erosion/corrosion of the valves.Two-component acrylic paint is used for valves, exposed to atmospheric influences and UV. The coating meets all requirements in con-nection to excellent resistance to UV radiation, mechanical stress, and corrosion. Two compo-nent acrylic paint is used for valves exposed to atmospheric pollutants and UV. This coating can be used for all valves used in industrial applications involving high air humidity and aggressive atmospheres.Hard-rubber lining is a special coating used of valves in the chemical industry. It consists of a high-tech, premium-quality synthetic or natural rubber. The strong adhesion of the material to cast iron is ensured by vulcanising

the rubber to the cast-iron substrate. The fin-ished rubber lining is non-porous and exhibits great hardness as well as excellent chemical resistance. This coating is available e.g. as a lining for butterfly valves, the plunger valves, and slanted-seated tilting-disk check valves.Other superior quality valve coatings can be achieved by powder coating. Powder coating is an electrostatically applied coating on an oppositely biased valve body, followed by bak-ing to achieve a finish consisting of a mixture of finely ground resin, pigments, and binders. Powder coatings have much longer durability and also have high flexibility. Powder coating is the standard technique for actuator casings, yokes, and cylinders, as well as for cast iron and carbon steel valve body assemblies. Thermal spray gives a wide selection of hard coating solutions for the valve industry. The careful selection of coating materials is integral to the valve design process. Extremely hard coatings, using tungsten carbide or ceramic compositions can be achieved. Thermal spray

coatings produce wear and corrosion resist-ance in valves. Friction fluctuation can also be brought under control using such coatings. Ceramic and cermet materials such as chro-mium oxide for hard-coating valves are used in the chemical processing sector, and tungsten carbide and similar materials are used for the oil & gas industries. Metal-to-metal coating solutions for ball and gate valves are used in the petrochemical industry. Though, there are several thermal spray processes such as flame and arc spray and plasma, excellent results have been achieved using specialized high-velocity oxygen fuel systems (HVOF) to achieve a high hardness and pore free coating. Carbides are generally used for oxidation resistance as well as erosion–corrosion resist-ance. Arc spray techniques are used for depositing the tungsten carbide on metals as a porous coating. The HVOF technique is also used for coating the tungsten carbide onto

for maintenance purposes. The coating is applied by an airless spray or alternatively by hand with a roller or a brush; it cures at room temperature. It is suitable for use with wastewater, river water, sea water, brackish water and cooling water. The application areas are: the chemical industry, paper industry, power plants, waterworks, cooling systems, cement plants, and mining.

• Ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene [3] is a thermoplastic fluoropolymeric synthetic material which exhibits high thermal resistance (up to 150°C) and offers excel-lent and reliable corrosion protection. It has a smooth, non-porous surface. The coating prevents incrustation of dirt parti-cles. The melting temperature of HALAR® is about 240°C. It is resistant to almost all chemicals, highly concentrated acids and alkaline solutions, oils, organic acids, as well as other aggressive media, and also highly resistant against mechanical impact. It can be used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, power plants, refineries, food industry, gas industry, power supply, and abrasive media.

• In the water industry, valves are exposed to considerable stress such as high water pressures, extreme temperatures, desert or tropical climates. The valves need to be made of suitable material, with perfect technology and quality needs to ensure that the valves function reliably even after decades of service. VAG belongs to the most experienced providers of solutions for water distribution. Wherever water is treated, extracted, stored and distributed, VAG solutions play an important role. There are hardly any waterworks, pumping stations, or waste-water treatment plants that do not use VAG valves [4].

• Belzona 1321 [5] is a two-part ceramic filled epoxy coating designed to provide erosion and corrosion resistance of metal surfaces. This solvent-free epoxy coating has outstanding chemical resistance and will bond to almost any rigid surface. Due to its high compressive strength it can be

Fig. 4. A thermally sprayed coated valve.

About Professor KhannaProf. A.S. Khanna is a Senior Professor at the Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science Department of IIT,

Bombay where he teaches Corrosion related topics and Surface Engineering. His specialties are: High-Temperature

Corrosion, High-Temperature Materials, and Surface Engineering. His research topics are: High-Temperature Corro-

sion, Surface Modifications by Laser and Thermal Spray Methods, Organic Paint Coatings, Smart Coatings such as

Self Cleaning and Self-Healing Coatings, and Graphene Research. He has published more than 180 papers in peer

reviewed international journals. He is a Fellow of ASM International and NACE International, a Life Member of the

Indian Institute of Metals and Society for Electrochemical Science. He is also a founder Chairman of SSPC India, a

Fellow of Humboldt Foundation Bonn, the Royal Norwegian Science and Technology and a Fellow of the Japan Key Centre.

also used to create a perfect shim. This material is easy to mix and apply without the need for specialist tools and it cures at room temperature, eliminating the need for hot work. It has long-term erosion and corrosion protection, excellent bond-ing to almost any rigid surface including steel, aluminium, copper, brass and glass reinforced plastics with high compressive strength and excellent resistance against a wide range of chemicals. It can be used for Internal coating for centrifugal and positive displacement pumps, heat exchangers, water boxes, and tube sheets, butterfly and gate valves, fans and kort nozzles.

Summary

Valves are essential part of a flowing system, which deteriorate with time due to erosion and corrosion due to change in flow pattern, impurities present in the fluid. In order to avoid erosion and corrosion, one can either choose a material with high hardness and wear resistant or can create coatings which show wear and corrosion resistance. There are variety of coat-ings and techniques available, ranging from simple paint coatings to CVD, thermal spray and powder coatings which help to control deterioration of valve materials.

References

[1] Harded CVD coatings for valves, https://hardide.com/

[2] http://www.vag-armaturen.com/en/application-fields/industry/vags-variety-of-coatings.html

[3] HALAR® valve coatings, https://www.solvay.com/en/markets-and-products/featured-products/Halar-ECTFE-for-Coat-ings.html

[4] VAG Valves, http://www.vag-india.com/en.html

[5] Belazone 1321, www.belzona.com, Publication No. 04-04-15-01.

component surfaces. A plasma coating is used for hard tungsten carbide and ceramic-type coatings. Tungsten carbide powder or ceramic powder is injected into the hot gas flame. Chromium carbide coatings are used for ero-sion protection at very high temperatures.Some of the well known commercial coatings in use:• Hardide [1]: CVD coatings make valve

parts scratch-proof and capable of resist-ing abrasion and erosion. They save them from abrasion by sand or stone chippings present in the fluids and from erosion by accelerating flow. It is a binder-free coating with consistent coating thickness. There is no need to match the seats to the valve bodies and the coating can be applied easily to internal surfaces and complex shapes, enabling greater design flexibility. Technically, hardide can be compared to satellite and hard chrome. The main appli-cations are for control valves, diverters, choke valves, stem valves, plug valves,

and triple offset but-terfly valves.• PATIG (VK 2000 / VK 2001) [2] are par-ticularly durable and wear-resistant two-component coatings which meet the highest demands in terms of strength and chemical resistance. The smooth and non-porous surface reduces the frictional resistance of the media flowing through. The material can be used to prevent wear in new valves and also

“ ”To avoid erosion–corrosion choose a

material with high hardness and wear

resistance, or create coatings that show

wear and corrosion resistance.


INDIA NEWS

BHEL forays into lake purification

Continued focus on water business, as part of its diversification strategy, has resulted in Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) making its maiden entry into purification of lakes by bagging a prestigious order for purification of Teli-bandha Lake, from Raipur Smart City Limited (RSCL), including Operation & Maintenance for five years thereafter.This is the first ever order of its kind from the Smart Cit-ies segment using Phytorid Technology developed by the National Environmen-tal Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) under the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR),

which is an environment friendly technology. The order will be executed by BHEL’s Project Engineering & Systems Division(PESD), Hyderabad.BHEL and NEERI have entered into an MoU for joint working on projects related to water and waste water treatment in the Municipal Segment. The synergy of the two organi-sations is being utilised to address this business segment, besides exploring various other avenues of joint working.BHEL is currently construct-ing six decentralised STPs totalling to 25.4 MLD capac-ity for Raipur Development Authority.

TOYO bags a large-scale fertilizer project in India

Iraq pips Saudi to become India’s top

oil supplier

India to build a pipeline from east coast to Myanmar

Aramco keen on majority stake in Ratnagiri refinery

Toyo Engineering Corporation has been awarded a contract for a project to construct a large-scale fertilizer complex in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh state, India. This complex will be constructed jointly with Toyo Engineering India Private Limited, TOYO’s group company in India, for Hin-dustan Urvarak & Rasayan Lim-ited (HURL), a fertilizer company jointly established by National Thermal Power Corporation

(NTPC), a state power company in India, Coal India Limited (CIL), a state coal mining company, and Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL), a state oil company as the lead promoters. The objec-tive of this project is to construct a large-scale fertilizer complex composed of an ammonia plant with a capacity of 2,200 tons/day, a urea plant with a capacity of 3,850 tons/day, and a utility sup-ply facility. The ammonia produc-

tion technology of Kellogg Brown & Root LLC., U.S.A. and TOYO’s urea synthesis technology “ACES 21®” will be employed.This project is part of a series of national project promoted under the “MAKE IN INDIA” slogan by the Government of India that aims to fully achieve domestic production of chemical fertilizers against the country’s expanding population. TOYO has become the first project contractor.

Iraq has overtaken Saudi Arabia by a wide margin to become India’s top crude oil sup-plier, meeting more than a fifth of the coun-try’s oil needs in the current financial year.Saudi Arabia traditionally has been India’s top oil source but in the April-January period of 2017-18, Iraq dethroned it, supplying 38.9 million tonnes (MT) of oil.India imported 184.4 MT of crude oil dur-ing the period as compared to 213.9 MT in the entire 2016-17 fiscal, and 202.8 MT in 2015-16.Despite India cutting imports over delays in award of contract for a gas field develop-ment, Iran continued to be the third largest supplier selling 18.4 MT during April-January.Iran was India’s second biggest supplier of crude oil after Saudi Arabia till 2010-11 but western sanctions over its suspected nuclear programme relegated it to the 7th spot in the subsequent years.

India has proposed to build a pipeline from the coun-try’s east coast to deliver oil products, mainly diesel, to Myanmar.A working group has been formed by Myanmar and India to look at issues such as security, land and oil storage, and how to price the fuel and the oil’s specification.Myanmar currently imports about 100,000 barrels per day (bpd) of diesel and gasoline mainly from Singapore, and produces only 12,000 bpd of oil locally.The country has invited investors to build refineries but high land cost is one of the main issues to overcome.

The country has also held its first round of talks with China and Bangladesh to discuss building an electricity transmis-sion grid across borders to ease power shortages.

Saudi Aramco, the world’s larg-est producer of oil, is seeking majority ownership of the pro-posed INR 3-lakh-crore refinery-cum-petrochemical complex on the Indian west coast, market-ing rights over entire fuel and petrochemicals produced at the complex and an assurance the refinery would mostly use Saudi oil.Saudi Aramco is engaged in an intense negotiation with Indian state firms over its participation in the 60 MT a year refinery that is proposed to be built in the

Ratnagiri district of Maha-rashtra.Indian Oil Corporation currently owns 50% in the world’s biggest greenfield refinery project, with the balance stake being equally split between Bharat Petroleum and Hindustan Petroleum.The state-run firms are seeking a strategic investor and have been talking to Aramco for several months.India, the third-largest oil importer in the world, presents a key

market for Aramco, the biggest exporter of crude in the world.Aramco, which is planning a public offer and aiming for a USD 2 trillion valuation, is hoping to obtain a slice of rapidly expand-ing Indian refining and petro-chemicals business.

IOC plans to double refining

capacity to 150 MT by 2030

India’s biggest oil firm IOC recently said that it plans to invest about INR 1.43 lakh crore to nearly double its oil refining capacity to 150 MT and boost petrochemical production by 2030.The company currently owns and operates 11 out of the country’s 23 refineries. Its refineries have a total capacity of 80.7 MT per annum.IOC is investing INR 16,628 crore in upgrading its refineries to produce Euro-VI emission norm compliant pet-rol and diesel as against Euro-IV fuel being produced now. This investment cycle would be completed by 2020.Besides, the company is investing INR 15,600 crore in expansion of pet-rochemical projects and another INR 74,600 crore in raising the capacity of its existing refineries.IOC plans to raise the capacity of its Panipat refinery in Haryana to 25 MTPA from current 15 MTPA, while Koyali refinery in Gujarat would be expanded to 18 MTPA from 13.7 MTPA. While 3 MT will be added in IOC’s Barauni refinery in Bihar, a 1.2-MTPA capacity addition is planned for Uttar Pradesh’s Mathura refinery to take its capacity to 9.2 MTPA.

BPCL plans to build a

petrochemical plant near Mumbai

India’s Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd (BPCL) plans to build a USD 3 B petrochemical unit to serve the Mum-bai region to profit from the country’s expected surge in demand for petro-chemicals as its economy expands.BPCL’s expansion is part of a national plan to spend USD 35 B on petrochemi-cal production in order to meet the expected increase in consumption of the chemicals for products including plastics, paints and adhesives.BPCL earlier this month bought 500 acres (202 hectares) of land from a fertiliser unit of Hindustan Organic Chemicals Ltd.The land will allow BPCL to build a pet-rochemical complex that will use feed-stocks from its Mumbai refinery, which processes 240,000 barrels per day (bpd) of crude. The site is about 60 km (37 miles) from the refinery.BPCL plans to pump feedstocks from the Mumbai refinery by pipeline to a nearby port to load onto tankers that will then carry it to the petrochemical complex.BPCL also plans to build a petrochemical plant at its 120,000 bpd Bina refinery in central India.


PEOPLE & PRODUCTS NEWS

KBL valves conform to IS 14846 standards for dimensions

Kirloskar FM/UL valves generally conform to IS 14846 standards for dimensions, materials of construction and constructional features, as per the need of the application. These sluice valves are metal-seated type with an option for non-rising spindle/rising spindle operation, dif-ferent type of operators and accessories, and have a proven performance.The products included in a fire protection system, such as valves and hydrants need to be highly reliable, as they are installed in systems that help protect human life against fire accidents.Kirloskar Brothers Limited (KBL) always believes in IRA (Innova-tive + Reliable + Affordable) products, with the highest standards. KBL’s fire protection

products are UL & FM certified. The company’s products are approved by well-recognised Institutes & are used in fire protection systems globally.KBL offers a large range of valve products for both indoor and outdoor fire protection applica-tions, such as NRS gate valves, OS&Y gate valves and post indicators. KBL offers a wide range and types of flanged gate valves, all of which are perfectly suited for various fire protection installations.

Velan ABV shipped Key-C ball valve with cable actuator

Mack Valves announces senior level appointments

Weir Valves builds tungsten carbide control valves

Velan is proud to announce that Velan ABV has successfully shipped four complete control units combining the Key-C rotary control ball valve with the unique cable drive actua-tor. These huge 30" Class 300 control valves will be part of the gas treatment process for a modernization project of a large-scale refinery in northern Kuwait.Manufactured in Italy since 2010 and developed from a traditional trunnion ball design, the Key-C represents the new generation of rotary control ball valves as it

matches high performance with wide flow capacity.The ball is equipped with a spe-cial caged trim–this multi-stage technology limits the chance of cavitation or flashing phenomena in liquid applications and reduces the aerodynamic noise in pres-ence of gas flow.The success of this project can be attributed to the innovative cable drive actuator, able to overcome the traditional drawbacks of a Scotch Yoke design in fast and demanding control conditions. Patented in 2014, its high efficiency transmission system develops a

linear torque and ensures low fric-tion and zero backlash along the entire stroke. These key features enable accurate and precise control in high dynamics process.

Mack Valves, a joint venture between Herose GmbH and the Ador Group, has announced new senior level appoint-ments within its Indian operations at Mack Valves India.Chitaranjan Jain will join the company as its new Managing Director, while Bjoern Stoll has been appointed as Chief Operat-ing Officer of Mack Valves India.Jain brings a strong heritage of operations and financial management experience, hav-ing previously worked in various senior roles within the Ador Group, including company secretary, chief financial officer, head of procurement and his latest role, as head of commercial management & risk.Meanwhile, Stoll brings significant experience in production and operations man-agement, quality management and implementation and also vendor develop-ment, having previously been based at Herose in Bad Oldesloe (Germany) where he worked as the head of production planning, controlling, and logistics. Stoll successfully implemented a number of production efficiency and lean related projects in his time at the company.

Weir Valves & Controls UK is delighted to con-firm the build and supply of the largest ever tungsten carbide control valves – designed to tackle the issues associated with black powder.Black powder is an undesirable by product in pipeline systems within the oil and gas indus-try. In simple terms it is a hard powder which can cause erosion of equipment, including valves, if not adequately controlled.

The higher velocity flowrates associated with gas systems means that black powder is a particular issue, as it causes any powder in the pipeline to impinge on material surfaces and therefore cause erosion.One of the most common methods of address-ing this issue is to manufacture the globe con-trol valve trim from tungsten carbide. Tungsten carbide is very hard wearing material and there-

fore more resistant to erosion than conventional control valve trims made from hardened steels. In short, tungsten carbide is a perfect trim material for black powder applications.The most recent project, aimed at tackling the issues related to black powder is in Saudi Ara-bia within the Master Gas System Expansion, Phase II Pipeline - which is located on the west coast of Saudi Arabia.

AMPO POYAM delivers

engineered valves for Al-Khafji

The end user Al-Khafji, a joint venture between Kuwait Gulf Oil Company (KGOC) and Aramco Gulf Operations Company (AGOC) of Saudi Arabia, and the EPC JGC Gulf, have trusted in AMPO POYAM VALVES for the design and manufacture of 50 manual and electrically and pneu-matically actuated Split body ball valves. The valves’ sizes will vary from 2” to 36” and the pressure range will vary from 150 lbs to 600 lbs.AMPO POYAM VALVES is a world leader in ball valves, but also in highly engineered valves for high temperature services. For this pro-ject the company will deliver many high temperature ball valves with special seats and gaskets, which will be designed while considering the following issues: valve robust-ness, materials, operability, tem-perature transmission, etc.The objective of Al Khafji Joint Opera-tions is to conduct the onshore and offshore activities related to Explora-tion, Drilling and Production of Oil & gas in the Divided Zone, and it is cur-rently developing the “Global Gas & NGL Recovery & Handling Project” in this area, where the mentioned AMPO POYAM VALVES will be installed.

Reliance ARC appoints Ravindra Rao as its new CEOReliance Asset Reconstruction Co (ARC), part of Reliance Capital, said that it has appointed Ravindra Rao as its new Chief Executive Officer.The company said Rao has taken over as CEO from Asokan Arumugam, who was leading Reliance ARC for the last four years.The statement said Rao has joined Reliance ARC from Fullerton India where he worked in different roles for over six years, with his last assignment being the CEO of the home finance subsidiary.Reliance ARC is a premier asset reconstruction company with Reli-ance Capital being the principal sponsor. Other sponsors include Corporation Bank, Indian Bank, GIC of India, Dacecroft and Blue Ridge, the statement added.

Mr. Chitaranjan Jain appointed as the new Managing Director and Mr. Björn Stoll appointed as Chief Operating Offi ce.

SEVERE SERVICE


seal material and geometry can last many years in service if the valve is appropriately designed.Some of the most common stem seals are made of elastomers (such as Buna, Viton® or Kalrez®), polymers (such as PTFE, PEEK, or special PTFE based blends) or flexible graphite derivatives (such as Grafoil® GTJ, GTK or braided rope). Each of the sealing materials have great properties in certain applications.• Elastomer blends have great sealing charac-

teristics and are particularly suited for high pressure, but have lower temperature limita-tions than graphite and blended polymers and are typically more susceptible to failure in abrasive applications such as catalyst and slurry feed.

• Polymer blends can withstand more abrasive applications and often have great chemical compatibility. At very high-temperature and pressure these often fall short of perfor-mance goals as PTFE really starts to lose its strength around 450°F (232°C) and cannot withstand a fire.

• Graphite derivatives are generally chemi-cally inert and have very high temperature ranges. Unfortunately, graphite is porous allowing permeation in most emissions tests. Additionally, graphite tends to breakdown in high-cycle applications and extrude from the packing area if the valve is not prop-erly designed. Although its nature does not promote longevity, it is common to find this material utilized in severe service applica-tions due to the high temperature capability and its ability to withstand a fire.

• For high cycle applications, where stem seal-ing is crucial, it is common to utilize a mix-ture of several or all of these in a stem seal.

Severe service fugitive emissions

Packing for quarter turn applicationsThis article looks at various stem sealing solutions and the rea-

sons one might choose them. The intricacies of typical severe ser-

vice applications, high-cycle severe service applications, and what

happens when a valve must become fast-acting. will be addressed.

The limitations of the common fugitive emissions specification

(ISO 15848) and how ValvTechnologies has addressed these in the

development of the EcoPack® fugitive emissions system for severe

service applications will be further examined.

Quarter turn and rising stem valves

When selecting the most suitable method of stem sealing technique, it is necessary to under-stand the valve actuation method. Among the most common valve actuation techniques are rising stem (linear) and quarter (1/4) turn. The linear actuation method is found commonly in gate and globe valves, whereas a quarter turn method is typically employed in the ball, plug and butterfly valve types. The actuation tech-nique refers to the method by which the stem or shaft of the product is moved to actuate through the line sealing mechanism. Refer to Figure 1 for a pictorial demonstration of the quarter turn method of actuation and Figure 2 for the rising stem method of actuation. The quarter turn method of actuation is often considered to be the more robust design for stem/shaft sealing because the stem is merely rotated about its axis in the stem seal area whereas the rising stem design is rotated about its axis and moved linearly through the seal-ing area. The linear movement of the rising stem allows for debris and shaft imperfections to generate leak paths as the stem pushes lin-early through the seal from inside the pressure boundary to outside the pressure boundary. For this reason, ValvTechnologies utilizes quarter turn valve actuation in most severe service, high-cycling applications. This will be the basis of discussion moving forward.

Severe service stem sealing solutions

The definition of severe service has been the center of much debate in recent years. Often, severe service can mean that the media flow-ing through the valve can be lethal if leaked to the atmosphere. Sometimes severe service applies to media flowing at high-pressure and/or high-temperature. Most commonly severe service is used to define a process media that is highly abrasive or undergoing a phase change while flowing through the valve. All of these can provide a special challenge to valves and their ability to seal both through the line and to the atmosphere.When chosen correctly, there are many stem sealing solutions in existence that can provide adequate external sealing based on a particular application. A combination of proper selection of

The geometry of the stem seal plays a key fac-tor in determining the useful life of the seal. In past decades, it was common to utilize a stem seal that was only an extruded ring of material such as PTFE or Grafoil®. These rings looked like a washer that was compressed into the packing bore to effect a seal on the stem. These seals were prone to extrusion and failure over time. Throughout the years, many geometries of stem seal have been developed to increase the seal-ing capability and longevity of the stem seal. The details of each geometry present their own pro and con list, but the key to each of them is to turn the axial compression from packing fasteners into a radial load which seals on the stem without over compressing and wearing too quickly. A com-mon problem with all compression seals is that an end user will observe a leak and attempt to tighten the packing fasteners to stop the leak and often over-compress the packing thus reducing its effective life.

High-cycle serve service applications

High-cycle and fast-acting are commonly used synonymously but they are quite different and have their own design considerations.What is a high-cycle application? End users have pondered this question with varying degrees of definition. Some users may consider 1,000 cycles to be a high-cycle application where some have thought more along the line of 1,000,000 cycles was a high-cycle applica-tion. Among other criteria, it really depends on the type of service, media flowing through the valve and size of pipeline to truly deter-mine what really constitutes “high-cycle”. ValvTechno logies’ rule of thumb is about 30,000 cycles as this is the point when most stem seals fail. This varies a lot based on size, etc. but is a good starting point. Common

By Tony Majka, ValvTechnologies

Figure 1: Quarter turn valve Figure 2: Rising stem valve

SEVERE SERVICE


considerations when working with a high-cycle application are:• Mounting kit design: the stem MUST

remain on-center when cycling.• Clearance in the packing box: this must be

kept to a minimum to prevent extrusion of the packing.

• Fire safe: does the valve need to pass a fire test such as API 608 or API 6FA? This would require a high-temperature material.

• Ability to adjust in service: valves are often in difficult-to-access areas which make adjustment difficult and dangerous.

• Pressure/temperature: this will dictate material selection as well as valve type.

• Fluid type: if the fluid is dry and/or abra-sive it can cause issues.

• Thermal cycling: will the valve be subject to frequent thermal transients causing it to grow and shrink often?

• Speed of rotation: if the valve is fast-acting, see subsequent paragraph on fast-acting.

What makes the concept of fast-acting differ-ent from high-cycle is the material properties. When dealing with a fast-acting valve, it will be pushing the boundaries of what the mate-rials are capable of handling due to a little discussed property known as the PV limit. The PV limit of a material is essentially the point at which material will begin to substantially deteriorate. The PV limit relates to the pres-sure and speed at which the surfaces pass across each other and correlates back to when the frictional heat will create microscopic melting/galling.When valves are used for emergency shut down, they may exceed PV limits but only for a short time and only cycle every few months or even less in most cases. When you connect fast-acting with high-cycle you need to really worry about the soundness of an engineer-ing design. Many materials if not designed, machined and coated properly will fail at this point.

EcoPack® engineered solution by ValvTechnologies

When ValvTechnologies introduced the origi-nal PulseJet valve years ago, we employed a blended combination of braided graphite rope and PTFE. The design was intended to last roughly 100,000 cycles with routine adjust-ment to the packing. A stack of spring discs was utilized to maintain constant compression on the stem seals through wear and thermal cycling. Special considerations were given to the overall valve design and material configu-ration to achieve such high-performance. What made this product so unique was the pulsejet application itself.• The application was to “pulse” hot syngas

(a flammable and lethal gas if inhaled). Atmospheric leaks are hazardous in multi-ple ways.

About the authorTony Majka is Director of Engineering at ValvTechnologies, responsible for research and devel-

opment, product development and design, manufacturing, production and application engi-

neering, as well as leading the engineering process continuous improvement and product

standardization programs. Majka joined the company in March 2015. Prior to joining ValvTech-

nologies, he served as manager of valve product engineering and research and development

for Flowserve Corporation in Cookeville, Tennessee where his responsibilities included over-

sight of the India engineering design center.

• The product operated at 1640 psig (113 barg) with temperatures of 475°F (246°C) while cycling from closed to open to closed in 0.45 seconds.

• The valve would dwell in the closed posi-tion for roughly 90 seconds then operate again.

• This continued for four months before any maintenance could be performed without the system running.

• There was no question that this was severe service.

Although the first-generation pulsejet design had proved to be successful, ValvTechnologies found an area where the product could greatly improve by working with their customers. The routine adjustments to the packing arrange-ment were observed to be difficult, dangerous and improperly executed. This could cause the packing to unevenly and prematurely wear. Partnered with our customer, ValvTech-nologies commenced a program to develop a solution which could make the entire four months (125,000 cycles target) without a need to adjust the packing. This would reduce the number of times employees were in harm’s way and reduce volatile emissions into the environment. When ValvTechnologies began this endeavor, they needed a measurement criteria for stem leakage. We decided to utilize one of the most common and widely accepted fugitive emis-sions tests, ISO 15848 for measurement. When developing our test, we had to make some test modifications because even ISO 15848 did not effectively simulate the test they were performing.After partnering with several vendors and running through many iterations of product design, the Special Projects team at ValvTechnologies came up a configuration

Design Criteria ISO 15848 Requirement Pulsejet Requirement

Cycle Life 100 000 cycles 125 000 + cycles

Cycle Speed 5° per second 400° per second

Valve Orientation Horizontal Vertical

Figure 3: Actuated valve assembly

Figure 4: Stem Sealing close-up

which greatly exceeded the results we were seeking. Through painstaking efforts, the team was able to employ special materi-als, coating technology and a unique seal combination of filled PTFE, PEEK and graphite (known now as EcoPack®) to allow our cus-tomer to make it to an eight-month turn-around plan.In late 2015, ValvTechnologies announced the offering of the EcoPack® technology which has been specifically designed for high-cycle applications of over 250,000 cycles without adjustment. The EcoPack® technology is a stem-sealing solution designed to seal at line temperatures of up to 450°F (232°C). The assembly is tested to be fire safe and shows excellent compatibility with syngas.The EcoPack® design does not require tradi-tional live-loading utilizing spring discs, there-fore, the gland is held stationary and flush with the bonnet. This solution means the packing does not require adjustment during operation, reducing site safety concerns and need for continual maintenance. This design uses pressure from the process to provide adjustment with an integral spring load for low pressure.The EcoPack® system has been introduced in the ValvTechnologies, NexTech® 2nd generation pulsejet valve, a two-piece trunnion mounted ball valve. Through successful lab testing as well as field tests well in excess of anything before achieved in this service, ValvTechnolo-gies now has multiple installations utilizing this sealing technology.Throughout the course of the EcoPack® devel-opment, ValvTechnologies proved several design theories while we established new ones. We set out to develop a new type of stem seal and wound up engineering a supe-rior sealing system.


PLANTS & PROJECTS NEWS

AISUS wins an oil contract in the Middle East with NOC

Fluor awarded FEED contract in Egypt

Petrofac secures a contract for MPP3 project in Oman

Phase 13 refinery starts gas injection

Leading offshore inspection company, AISUS has announced its first major contract win in the Middle East with North Oil Company (NOC). The six-figure agreement marks a significant milestone for the firm and provides the foun-dation on which the company plans to build its growing business in the Middle East.The project, which is currently underway, will see AISUS carry out two caisson inspection pro-grammes across two assets located in the Al

Shaheen oilfield, off the north-east coast of Qatar. Further projects are planned for later in 2018.AISUS will utilise its gravity deployed ultra-sonic scanning tool, SIRIUS-X. A tethered system which, when deployed from the top-side, allows for inspection data to be captured above, within and below a variety of obstacles and diameter variations com-monly encountered within caissons, without removing the tool.

Developed to maximise data accuracy and minimise the duration of inspections to meet the increasing demands of the offshore industry, it features a high torque rotary drive and a scanning speed of up to five metres per hour.AISUS is an innovative, technology driven com-pany delivering remotely deployed visual and ultrasonic inspection solutions to the global oil and gas industry.

Fluor Corporation (FLR) was awarded the front-end engineering design (FEED) contract by Egypt’s state energy firm Enppi for the offsites and utilities portion of the main plant complex and support services for the Waphco phosphoric acid production plant at Abu Tartour.Working with Enppi as an integrated team, Fluor will fast-track the FEED for

the plant, which will use resources from the Abu Tartour mine to produce merchant-grade phosphoric acid. The project scope includes all process facilities including a sulfuric acid plant, utilities with a cogeneration system, storage and other required units. Once completed, the facility will produce 500,000 metric tons-per-year of wet process phosphoric acid.

Petrofac has been awarded a contract worth USD 265 M for the development of the Marmul Polymer Phase 3 (MPP3) Project in south-ern Oman. This is the first award to be secured under a 10-year Framework Agree-ment with Petroleum Devel-opment Oman (PDO) signed in 2017, which enables Petrofac to provide Engi-neering, Procurement and Construction Management

(EP+Cm) Support Services for PDO’s major oil and gas projects.The award of the MPP3 project builds on Petrofac’s existing track record of EP+Cm support contract delivery for the Rabab Har-weel Integrated Project and Yibal Khuff Project on behalf of PDO.The scope of MPP3 involves Engineering, Procurement and Construction support

for the extension of off-plot and on-plot produc-tion facilities associated with around 500 producing and 75 injector wells. In line with its commitment to further increasing in-country value, Petrofac will undertake the engineering, procurement and project management activities from its Muscat office, which will be expanded to support the needs of the MPP3 project.

The onshore processing facilities of South Pars Phase 13 started gas injection to the national gas trunkline on the occasion of the anniversary of nationalization of oil industry in Iran.According to Pars Oil and Gas Company (POGC), the first train of the refinery came online on March 20, 2018 by injection of 7 million cubic meters/day of sweetened gas to the national gas trunkline.There is a significant progress in construction and commission-ing of the second sweetening train of the refinery. Phase 13 has so far made 89% progress while its onshore refining facilities have progressed 92%.South Pars Phase 13 will produce 56 mcm per day of sour gas, 50 million cubic meters/day of sweet gas, 2,900 tons/day of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), 2,750 tons/day of ethane, 75,000 barrels/day of gas condensate and 400 tons/day of sulfur.

MoU signed to develop Khimti II

projectPeoples Energy Public Ltd. (PEPL) of Nepal has signed a memorandum of understanding with Chongqing Water Turbine Works Com-pany Ltd. (CWTW) to develop and construct the 48.8-MW Khimti II hydropower project located on Khimti Khola River in Nepal.At the plant’s location, Khimti River forms the boundary between Ramechhap and Dolakha districts in the Central Development Region of Nepal.CWTW is a state-owned holding company based in China, and Peoples Energy Public Ltd., located in Kathmandu, was incorporated by Nepal’s Ministry of Energy in July 2016.The project is being promoted by the pri-vate sector under an engineering, procure-ment, construction and financing (EPCF) modality. PEPL said this is the first time a project in Nepal is being developed under EPCF modality.The headworks are about 150 m downstream of the confluence of Jiri and Khimti Khola riv-ers with headrace alignment passing through the right bank. The headworks site will be located near Rasnalu village development committee of Ramechhap district and the powerhouse will be located at Simlep, Hawa VDC of Dolakha.

HK Valves secures an annual rate contract for ball

valves

Magwen has announced plans to open a valve man-ufacturing plant in India. The company registered in December 2017 will manufacture the complete valve program of the German parent, including butterfly valves up to 3000 mm. The Indian subsidiary is scouting for a suitable manufacturing location most likely in Pune, Maharashtra.“The India facility will help us get closer to and better serve our current and future customers in the very important Indian market. It will also become a manufacturing hub for the Asia Pacific region”, stateda spokesman for the company.

EmRise has been awarded a pilot contract to supply valves for a refinery in Erbil, Iraq. The deal was signed in Istanbul , Turkey, with the EPC contrac-tor being St Petersburg based. EmRise received the order because of its entrusted quality after passing through several audits set up by the EPC contractor and the client. The valves will be used in a current expansion project running at the refinery expansion, which will involve a part of planned two new units: -(1) a hydro-treat-ment unit, and (2) a reforming unit. Both these pro-jects are expected to be realized by the end of 2018.“EmRise has agreed to provide the valves in accord-ance with Russian standards involving TRCU Certifi-cation,” Mr. Vipul Parekh (Managing Director) added.

Magwen Valves GmbH starts a subsidiary in India

EmRise to supply valves for refinery in Iraq

The Managing Director of HK Valves told Valve World India Journal that the com-pany, which is located in Ahmedabad, India has suc-cessfully secured an annual rate contract for the supply of approximately 18,000 ball valves for its on-going/upcoming projects around India. HK Valves Valves was very proud to have secured the rate contract despite stiff competition from around fifteen competitors under international competi-tive bidding. The agreement was secured after around 18,000 ball valve orders received for an IB Power Project in international competitive bidding.


FLUID CATALYTIC CRACKING

FCC naphtha hydrodesulfurization: A lower environmental impact on the transportation of fuels

One of the biggest challenges to the crude oil refining industry in recent years has been the development of technologies capable of reducing the environmental impact of the derivatives, while at the same time raising the performance of these compounds. This challenge is especially hard in the naphtha from Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Units dedicated to producing gasoline, which is one of the most consumed crude derivatives on the world market.The use of increasingly heavier crude oil, which conse-quently has higher contaminants – mainly sulfur, has further increased the pressure of regulatory agents on refineries to reduce contaminants levels in the deriva-tives, especially diesel and gasoline. The main tech-nology applied to reduce contaminants in crude oil derivatives is through hydro-treatment. Fig. 1 shows a simplified process scheme for a typical, low severity hydro-treatment unit. The process scheme presented in Fig. 1 is com-mon and widely applied in the refining industry. However, when producing high-quality gasoline, its use is limited once hydro-treatment reactions fatally lead to olefin saturations caused by the high octane number in the final gasoline. Straight run naphtha is normally directed to conventional hydro-treatment as presented in Fig. 1 because it has a

reduced olefin content, which at the same time presents a reduced sulfur content. In this case, a mild hydro-treatment process is effective. On the

other hand, naphtha from the FCC tends to show a higher sulfur concentration and a higher content of olefins. To process this stream in a conventional hydro-treatment unit would have a poor effect. The main chemical reactions associated with the hydro-treatment of cracked naphtha can be repre-sented as follow:

R-CH = CH2 + H2 → R-CH2-CH3 (Olefins Saturation) (1)

R-SH + H2 → R-H + H2S (Hydrodesulfurization) (2)

where R is a hydrocarbon.As has been mentioned earlier, in the case of the hydro-treatment of naphtha to gasoline, the objective is to minimize the reaction (1) and maximize the yield of the reaction (2). The aim is further to keep a high octane number while the sulfur content is reduced, making the naphtha more environmentally friendly.Over the last decades, technology process licensors had devoted their efforts to develop technologies capable of achieving these objectives. The UOP Company has com-mercialized SelectFining™ technology that applies fixed bed reactors to promote the selective hydro-treatment of naphtha, leading to unstable compounds (diolefins) saturation in the first reactor and the heavier olefins (higher sulfur content) saturation in the second reactor through the use of an adequate catalyst.Nowadays, one of the most applied technologies to reduce the sulfur content in the cracked naphtha is the PRIME G+™ process, developed by the Axens Company. The process applies the concept of whereby the tendency of the sulfur is to concentrate in the heavier fractions of the cracked naphtha. As such it is carried out in a feed stream fractionation before the hydro-treatment step, as presented in Fig. 2. The feed stream is served to a hydro-treatment reac-tor with the aim to promote diolefins saturation. Then the stream is separated into light and heavy fractions in a distillation tower. While the light naph-tha is recovered at the top of the tower, the heavy fraction is removed from the bottom and sent to a selective hydro-treatment section. This leads to minimum octane loss. In the sequence, the hydro-treated naphtha is separated in a stabilizer column to remove light compounds, whilst the product at the bottom is mixed with the lighter fraction and the final product is directed to the refinery gasoline pool. Another technology that applies selective hydro-treatment to reduce the sulfur content in the cracked naphtha is the Scanfinning™ process developed by the ExxonMobil Company. In this particular case, fixed bed reactors are applied without feed stream fractionation. We can highlight the product HyOctane™ developed by the Haldor Topsoe company as a catalyst dedicated to

Dr. Marcio Wagner da Silva, São José dos Campos, Brazil

Looking at ways to reduce the

environmental impact of derivatives

during fluid catalytic cracking,

whilst at the same time raising their

performance levels through the

development of new technologies.

Fig. 1. A simplifi ed process fl ow diagram for typical low severity hydro-treatment units.

Fig. 2. A basic process fl ow diagram for the PRIME G+™ process of the Axens Company.

FEED

Pump

Heat

Exchanger

Fired Heater

Make-up Hydrogen Recycle HydrogenCompressor

Sour Gas

Amine Tower

Reactor

Gas SeparatorDrum

Cooler

Hydrotreated Product

Reboiler

Stripping Tower

Unsteable Product

Reflux Sour Water

Sour Gas

RefluxDrum

Condenser

PressureControlValve

Hydrotreated Cracked Naphtha

Cracked Naphtha From FCC

Heavy Naphtha to hydrotreating

Diol

efin

s Re

acto

r

Dist

illat

ion

Tow

er

Sele

ctiv

e De

sulfu

rizat

ion

Reac

tor

Stab

ilize

r Co

lum

n

Make up HydrogenMake up Hydrogen

Light Ends

Light Naphtha

FUGITIVEEMISSIONS

SUMMITCH I N A


REGIONAL NEWS

the selective hydrogenation of FCC naphtha.The GT-DeSulph™ process developed by the GTC Engineering Company applies an extractive distillation principle associated with selec-tive hydro-treatment – the use of aromatics solvents allow the removal of thiophenic com-pounds from the cracked naphtha. Another interesting route adopted by the licen-sors is non-selective hydrotreatment, followed by an octane index recovery step. ISAL™ technology developed by the UOP Company employs this principle. In this case, using an adequate cata-lyst, the olefin saturation and, later, the molecu-lar rearrangement is carried out to recover the octane index lost in the first step. The S-Zorb™ process developed by ConocoPhil-lips applies the concept of chemical adsorption of the sulfur compounds to zinc oxide (ZnO) and has a continuous regeneration system of the adsorbent through controlled burning of the adsorbed sulfur compounds.FCC naphtha is a fundamental stream for the refin-ers to meet automotive gasoline requirements (minimum octane number), and the adequate treatment of this process stream is necessary to ensure adherence to environmental regulations whilst at same time raising the profitability of the refiner once the cracked naphtha yield in the fluid catalytic cracking units reaches more than 50%.

ReferencesMyers, R.A., Handbook of Petroleum Refining Processes, 3a ed. McGraw-Hill, 2004.Ito, E.; Veen, R.V., On Novel Processes for Remov-ing Sulphur from Refinery Streams, Catalysis Today 116 (2006) pp. 446-460 – Elsevier.

About Dr. Marcio Wagner da Silva

Dr. Marcio Wagner da Silva is a Process Engineer and Project Manager focusing on the Crude Oil Refining Industry based in São José dos Campos, Brazil. He has a Bachelors degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Maringa (UEM), Brazil, and Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from the Univer-sity of Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil. Has extensive experience in research, design and construction to the oil & gas indus-try including developing and coordinating projects to operational improvements and debottlenecking to bottom bar-rel units. Additionally, he has a MBA in Project Management from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and is certified in Business from the Getulio Vargas Foundation (FGV).

BPC to import 66,000 MT diesel from Numaligarh

Bangladesh Petroleum Corporation (BPC) will import 66,000 Metric Tonnes (MT) of High Speed Diesel (HSD) equivalent to 30 rakes from Numaligarh Refinery Lim-ited (NRL) in the period between May to December this year.The exports will take place from NRL’s Silig-uri Marketing Terminal to Parbatipur Depot of Bangladesh Petroleum in Bangladesh.A goodwill rake containing 2,284 MT of HSD from NRL’s Siliguri Marketing Terminal to Bangladesh was flagged off in April last year through remote device from New Delhi.Meanwhile the country’s top oil marketing company, Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (IOCL) has initiated with the launch of Broad Gauge Rail Tank Wagon facilities at Indian Oil Depot in Dharmanagar in Tripura.According to IOCL, the facility has been designed to receive 25 BTPN (Bogie Tank wagons for loading of Petrol, Naphtha & other Petroleum products) Wagons, thus ensuring a supply of 1,675 Kilo litres of Oil at one go.

Wouter supply butterfly valves for ISF Camp, Qatar

Baker & GE sign a deal with Iraq to process natural gas

50,000 cu.m treated water used to irrigate crops, Ajman

Iraq plans for elevated refining capacity

Wouter Witzel has supplied >800 butterfly rubber lined valves for the chiller rooms and cooling network to the Internal Security Force (ISF) of Qatar. The ISF are building a camp at on the outskirts of Doha. This camp, located in Duhail area, will cover an impressive four million square meters in total.The ISF project features more than 330 individual building units made up of several different types of purpose-built facilities. The camp is planned to have an ultimate resident population of more than 17,000 and it is

expected overall completion date is in 2025. Besides residential buildings, the area will include post office, unit force offices, unit guardhouses, check points, a five-star hotel and a 10 000 spectator stadium.All valves are double flanged type CL150 and sizes from DN50 to DN1200.This delivery proofs again the good cooperation of Wouter Witzel with their distributors in the ME region.

Baker Hughes and General Electric signed a contract with Iraq’s government to process natural gas extracted alongside crude oil at two fields in southern Iraq.The plan was first announced by GE and is part of Iraq’s efforts to stop flaring gas associated with oil by 2021. Iraq continues to flare some of this gas because it lacks the facilities to process it into fuel for local consumption or exports.The contract with Baker Hughes and GE provides for processing the gas at the Nassiriya, Al Gharraf oilfields.It is the second contract signed by Iraq to

process gas associated with oil, after one with U.S. energy firm Orion in January.Iraq’s production of associated gas is expected to grow as the country increases its oil output capacity.The country is currently producing about 4.4 mbpd, below its capacity, in line with an agreement between the 14-member Organi-zation of Petroleum Exporting Countries and other exporters including Russia to cut sup-ply to boost oil prices.The Iraqi government depends on oil and gas sales for about 95 percent of its income.

The Ajman Sewerage Company revealed that the amount of treated wastewater that is used daily to irrigate crops reached 50,000 cubic metres while the sewage network in Ajman collects 90,000 cubic metres of wastewater for the emirate’s central treatment plant, as well as 16,000 cubic metres of sewage from areas that are not linked to the network.

Mr. Jabbar Ali Al-Luiebi the minister of oil of Iraq has stated that it is the plan of the Min-istry of Oil to elevate the refining capacity of the south refineries to (280) thousand barrels before the end of 2018.Mr. Al-Luiebi opened the second phase of the 4th unit project in the south refineries in Bas-rah governorate with production capacity of 70 thousand barrels/day. The addition of the 4th unit will elevate the production from 210 to 280

thousand barrels, which is a big achievement to raise the Iraqi production of the oil products in general and the south refineries in special.Mr. Al-Luiebi said that the project which is being executed by Techno Export Czech Company includes the construction of two units for liquid gas produc-tion and water treatment. He said also that the estimated time to finish the project is (370) days starts from the time of the contract activation and expected to be finished before the end of 2018.

The company has completed, in 2017, many projects, including the expansion of the central wastewater treatment plant and the linking of many properties to the sewage network.They are currently working on several pro-jects in various locations, including network expansion and development projects in Al Jerf Industrial Areas 1 and 3, Al Jerf Commer-cial Area 2, Al Jerf Residential Area 2, as well as a project to expand the sewage network in Al Safiya and the new housing projects in Al Raqayeb.

l&t valves: ‘valves that add value’ further …...ment. “our expansion plans are on...

Documents