lsbu env tech 23.4.10 (lecture by mike kane)

8/9/2019 LSBU Env Tech 23.4.10 (lecture By Mike Kane)

1/54

LSBU Architecture

Environmental Technology PGDip. FT1/PT2

2009/10

23.4.10

Lecture 8 - Contemporary Architecture and the environmentMike Kane


2/54


3/54

Charles Jencks (updated) diagram of architectural evolution


4/54

1. 1The use of resources/materials an understanding of materials and how they can

be used efciently according to their natural qualities. The minimisation of waste

as part of the design process.

A / 3 pavilions for the Hannover Expo 2000

- Swiss Pavilion by Peter Zumthor

the ultimate recycleable building?- Japan Pavilion by Shigeru Ban

Cardboard as a building material

- Dutch Pavilion by MVRDV

A Pavilion about the environment?


5/54

Swiss Pavilion by Peter Zumthor


6/54



7/54



8/54

JApan Pavilion by Shigeru Ban


9/54

JApan Pavilion by Shigeru Ban


10/54

Netherlands Pavilion by MVRDV


11/54

1/2. The use of resources/materials an understanding of materials and how they

can be used efciently according to their natural qualities.

Fabrication and the art of understanding materials-

Adjaye Associates - Sclera at the Royal Festival Hall Square

AADRL pavilion at Bedford Square


12/54

SCLERA Pavilion by Adjaye Associates

Festival Square, South Bank


13/54

SCLERA Pavilion by Adjaye Associates

Festival Square, South Bank


14/54

AADRL PavilionBedford Square

(Outside the Architectural Association)


15/54

AADRL PavilionBedford Square

(Outside the Architectural Association)


16/54

2. Embodied energy

the energy required to make and deliver the materials of thebuilding before it has even been assembled.Alongside this it isimportant to understand the time and effort required to

construct the building.

Taking 2 familiar London examples

Stadthaus, Murray Grove N1 Waugh Thistleton Architects,

K2 building Grimshaw


17/54

StadtHaus, Murray Grove N1 - Embodied Energy statistics:

If built in standard reinforced concrete frame construction

the production process would PRODUCE 125,000 Kg of Co2

As built in Engineered Timber construction STORES 185,000Kg of

Co2

This is equivalent to the Total Energy consumption of this build-

ing over a 20 year period.Current legislation requires a 10% on site renewable energy

StadtHaus, Murray Grove N1

Waugh Thistleton Architects


18/54

K2 building LSBU embodied Energy (estimated):

At 900 sqm, the reinforced concrete structure would weigh

in region of 11,000 Tonnes. Allowing for carbon emissions

of 0.8 T of Co2 per T of RC this would equate to 8,800T of

Co2 emissions for this single element of the building.

Heating & cooling energy provided by geothermal piles


19/54

Programme 1 how the conceptual approach can inform the design and

future needs of the building and users. The concept as a means of using

minimal resources

2 ferry terminals in Japan

Naoshima Ferry Terminal, JapanSejima &

Nishizawa (SANAA)


20/54

- simple repetitive & lightweight construction.

- straightforward construction method

- energy requirements minimised.

- exible - adaptable & extendible without effecting the whole


Nishizawa (SANAA)


21/54


Nishizawa (SANAA)


22/54

Yokohama Ferry Terminal Japan, Foreign Ofce Architects

- highly complex, non-repetitive structure

- high embodied energy due to volume of energy

intensive materials used

- large spaces requiring heating/cooling

- is it exible?- Large spans requiring innovative enegineering solutions

+ multi-functional - landscape + ferry terminal


23/54



24/54



25/54

Programme 2

A. the plan as a means to allow independent spaces

to adjust to individual needs throughout the day/

season.

B. Utilising the As found qualities of building.

2 galleries

Kanazawa SANAA as a exible type,

Tate Modern, Herzog & de Meuron- utilising the existing as found

spaces


26/54

21stCenturyartgalle

ry,

Kanazawa,

Japan

Sejima&Nishizawa(SANAA)


27/54

21st Century art gallery, Kanazawa, Japan

Sejima & Nishizawa (SANAA)


28/54

21st Century art gallery, Kanazawa, Japan

Sejima & Nishizawa (SANAA)


29/54

Tate Modern

Herzog & de Meuron


30/54

future expansion of Tate Modern

into the existing underground oil tanks

Herzog & de Meuron


31/54

4. Flexibility in building types their ability to re-used/converted rather than demolished

taking some local examples

London Warehouses,

Peabody Buildings

GLC island block/Park Plaza Hotel, Westminster Bridge Road


32/54

Converted Warehouses, Bermondsey

Original Peabody housing blocks, Blackfriars Road


33/54

GLC island block/Park Plaza Hotel,

Westminster Bridge Road

4. INFlexibility in building types their INability to re-used/converted rather than demolished


34/54

GLC island block/Park Plaza Hotel,

Westminster Bridge Road


35/54

5. Energy requirements of the building in use.

Minimising the energy consumption of a building.

Utilising context -

- Therme Vals, Peter Zumthor - Locally sourced materials & Geothermal energy

- Zollverein School of management SANAA - Geothermal

Where is the energy used? - Heating, cooling, lighting, ventilation & appliances.

Passivhaus, vs the typical ofce/retail design mentality.

More London ,the generic supermarket as a model of environmental hypocrisy.


36/54

Vals, Switzerland


37/54

Thermal Baths, Vals, Switzerland

Peter Zumthor


38/54

Thermal Baths, Vals, Switzerland

Peter Zumthor


39/54

Zollverein School of management,

Essen Germany, SANAA


40/54

Zollverein School of management,

Essen Germany, SANAA


41/54

5. Energy requirements of the building in use.

Maximising the energy consumption of a building.

Where is the energy used? - Heating, cooling, lighting, ventilation & appliances.

Passivhaus, vs the typical ofce/retail design mentality.

More London ,and the generic supermarket as a model of environmental hypocrisy.

Can we go on like this?


42/54


43/54


44/54

6. Scale does the building really need to be so big, or is it

just an ego thing?

The impact design has on its context location, access, etc.

BMW Welt , Munich, Coop Himmelblau,


45/54


46/54

A Change in focus for the profession?

Why are the star architects turning to the Big issues of

globalisation, resource depletion, sustainability etc.?

OMA/AMO roadmap 2050

Winy Maas &the Why Factory, Delft

Braungart & McDonough Cradle to Cradle

Hungry City, Carolyn Steel

How we can save the planet, Meyer Hillman

20/04/2010 15:37T?F 20/04/2010 15:42T?F


47/54

Page 1 of 2http://www.thewhyfactory.com/?page=project&project=21&type=active

Green CityCalculator

The Green City Calculator measuresthe greeness of the city and makes itcomparable. This tool for sustainable

planning will be developed in thisstudio. Studio is a collaboration of T?F and Climate Design andSustainabilityChallengeWe need to measure the greenness ofour cities. We have a lot of labels forbuildings. Two for neighbourhoodsare in development. But so far, thereis no tool to measure and comparecities. We need the Green CityCalculator, because cities are crucialin the fight against climate change.We need to measure our effords toknow if they have an effect. And toknow where we are and how far weneed to get.

Concept:

The Green City Calculator quantifies the

greeness of the city and makes it comparable.

It is a program that computes data from the

city and turns it into an accessible, comparable

and measurable statement on its sustainability.

It can be used as a planning tool to support

sustainable planning. It is transparant to the

planners and to the inhabitants of the city.

Experts:

We will work together with experts: Prof. Winy

Maas took the initiative for the project. Prof.

Andy van den Dobbelsteen works with us from

the department of Sustainability and Climate

design. Jaap Wiedenhoff is Director of Arup

engineers Amsterdam, global expert in

sustainable design. Paul van Bergen is Director

of DGMR engineers and developed Green

Calc+ Nico Tille is working at the City of

Rotterdam and researches at the TU on

sustainable city planning.

Peers:

We will discuss our concepts with the peers,

for whom we design it:

City of Rotterdam

Rotterdam Cimate Initiative

City of Almere

Ministy of VROMDutch Green Building Council

City of Paris (to be confirmed)

Studio and Seminar:

The seminar will evaluate the existing:

We will current green city initiatives and

current sustainability labels.

The studio will consist of two parts:

In clear steps, we will build the calculator.

In parallel we will test it and use it to design

the optimized green model city.

Page 1 of 2http://www.thewhyfactory.com/?page=project&project=29&type=future

FoodprintManhattan

Foodprint Manhattan

How much food do I consume? Howmuch land is needed to grow it?Could we grow our food in the city?Could we feed all Manhattanites bygrowing food on Manhattan island?

For the exhibition and Foodprint TheHague, commissioned by Stroomearlier this year.

Ideally the mouth of the consumer should be

as close to the growing ingredients as possible,

but can we achieve that?

Foodprint Manhattan is a study on food

consumption patterns and production

capacities. It visualizes how much and what we

consume and what are the spatial

consequences.

The amount of arable land is shrinking

globally. Water scarcity is a problem in various

regions of the world. But what if plants don't

need soil anymore and use less water?

Foodprint Manhattan shows how more

advanced food production methods compare to

current production and how they could help.

Study puts current discussion about urban

farming into context, by visualizing how much

space is actually needed to produce our daily

food.

Foodprint Manhattan animation is

commissioned by Droog Design and was

presented at NY400 Week / Holland on the

Hudson Pioneers of Change, a festival of Dutch

design, fashion and architecture on New York's

Governors Island. Exhibition took place in and

around eleven officers' houses at Nolan Park,

Governors Island, New York.

Pioneers of Change featured leading designers

and institutes from fashion, design and

architecture, such as: 2012 Architecten, Atelier

NL, Maarten Baas, Cooper-Hewitt, National

Design Museum in New York, Experimental

Jetset, Christien Meindertsma, MVRDV and

The Why Factory with Work Architecture

Company, Parsons The New School for Design,

Platform21, Michael Schoner (NL Architects),

Richard Hutten, Atelier van Lieshout, and

Chris Kabel.

The Why Factory, MVRDV and Work

Manhattan

Manhattan

Foodprint Manhattan


48/54

main

narrative

detour

interviews, workshops, and discussions

scheduled to provide further insightinto the roadmap

transcripts

A detour stop explains components of the

proposal outside the main narrative:

includes additional incentives,

elaboration of project graphics, and

visualizations.

Pages on the main narrative line explain

the essentials of Roadmap 2050; includes

technical graphics, spatial planning and

visualization of the grid.

roadmap 2050document legend

DoN

othing

Scenari


49/54

6 Roadmap 2050: A practical guide to a prosperous, low-carbon Europe7

OMA/AMO: l , l -

rio

Without drastic reductions in global CO2

emissions, the earths temperature could rise

as much as six degrees Celsius by the end of

the century

SOURCES:

www.grida.no/gowww.ipcc.chwww.epa.gov/climatechangeThere is a general scientic consensus that the he Earths most extreme temperature has uctuated between about 1

degree Celsius for the last 2000yrs. So 2 degrees or even 6 degrees would be a compartively enormous change!


50/54


51/54


: l , l - OMA/AMO

CO2P

aradox

CO2 PARADOX

For every barrel of

oil we burn three

times the quantity

of CO2 is being

produced. This

means our actual

carbon footprint is

almost three times

the size of our oil

consumption

footprint!

Note: Hydrocarbons exist in many forms but the principle remains the same. To demonstrate the reaction we us the simplest form of hydrocarbon: Methane (CH4)

Other related Hydrocarbons are: Pentane (C5H12) rened becomes Octane or petrol (C8H18) Nonane (C9H20) rened to hexadecane or diesel fuel (C16H34) Butane(C4H10) For example: C8H18 + 12.5 O2 --> 8 CO2 + 9 H2O

The cycloalkanes, are saturated hydrocarbons which have one or more carbon rings to which hydrogen atoms are attached according to the formula CnH2n

The aromatic hydrocarbons are unsaturated hydrocarbons which have one or more planar six-carbon rings called benzene rings, to which hydrogen atoms are attached with the

formula CnHn.

ENERGY RESOURCES IN 2050 (HIGH RES PATHWAY)


52/54


: l , l - OMA/AMO

EnergyR

esourcesin2050

ENERGY RESOURCES IN 2050 (HIGH RES PATHWAY)

Renewable

Technologies are

allocated to

regions based

on the natural

occurrence of the

renewable source.

SOURCE: Team analysisSOURCE: Roadmap 2050 Technical Analysis

GROWTH IN WIND TURBINE EFFICIENCY


53/54


OMA/AMO: l , l -

Grow

thinWindTurbi

nes

GROWTH IN WIND TURBINE EFFICIENCY

wind turbines

are both growing

in size and

efficiency, as well

as decreasing in

price.

SOURCE: Offshore Design Engineering, Bunderswerband WindEnergie e.V

EU ENERGY RESOURCE MOSAIC


54/54

MosaicR

ESMapping

EU ENERGY RESOURCE MOSAIC

overlay of current

energy use and

those regions with

the highest energy

potential.

lsbu env tech 23.4.10 (lecture by mike kane)

Documents