lower back pain = 요통. lumbar spine lordosis lumbar spine
TRANSCRIPT
Lower back pain = 요통
<1> Lumbar spine
Lordosis
Lumbar spine
Body ring
Spinal cord
Cauda equina
Electrical system
Spinal segment
Intervertebral disc
Facet joint
Neutral foramen
Lumbar thick ligament
Muscle of the low back
<2> Cause
1. Degeneration - small cracks and tears - arthritis in the facet joints - squeezes
- small cracks and tears
- arthritis in the facet joints - squeezes
2. Mechanical and Neurogenic Pain
1) Mechanical pain
2) Neurogenic pain
3. Spine Conditions
• annular tears • internal disc disruption • herniated disc • facet joint arthritis • segmental instability • spinal stenosis • foraminal stenosis
1) Annular tear
2) Internal disc disruption
3) herniated disc
4) Facet joint arthritis
5) Segmental instability
Spondylolysis
Spondylolisthesis
6) Spinal stenosis
7) Foraminal stenosis
Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Lordosis
<3> Symptoms
• low back pain • pain spreading into the buttocks and thighs • pain radiating from the buttock to the foot • back stiffness and reduced range of motion • muscle weakness in the hip, thigh, leg, or
foot • sensory changes (numbness, prickling, or
tingling) in the leg, foot, or toes
This is an emergency
<4> Diagonsis 1. Radiological Imaging 가 . X-ray
나 .MRI (magnetic resonance
imaging)
다 . Myelogram
라 . Discogram
마 . 기타 - CT(computed tomography)- Bone scane- EMG- Laboratory Tests
<5> Treatment
1. Nonsurgical Treatment 가 . Bed rest나 . Back brace다 . Medication라 . Physical therapy and exercise바 . Injection
2. Surgery
가 . Laminectomy
나 . Discectomy
다 . Lumbar Fusion
<6> Rehabilitation 1. Nonsurgical Rehabilitation
2. After Surgery
Neck pain
<1> Cervical spine
Cervical curve
Vertebral body
Body ring, Nerve root
Spinal segment
Intervertebral disc
Cervical facet joint
Cervical neural foramina
<2> Causes of neck pain
1. Spondylosis 2. Degenerative Disc Disease
3. Muscle Strain 4. Mechanical Neck Pain
5. Radiculopathy (Pinched Nerve) - Degeneration - Herniated Disc - Spinal Instability
6. Spinal Stenosis (Cervical Myelopathy)
Torticolis
<3> Symptoms
• neck pain • headaches • pain spreading into the upper back or down
the arm • neck stiffness and reduced range of motion • muscle weakness in the shoulder, arm, or
hand • sensory changes (numbness, prickling, or
tingling) in the forearm, hand, or fingers
<4> Diagnosis
1. Radiological Imaging 가 . X-rays 나 . MRI 다 . CT scan 라 . Myelogram 마 . Bone Scan 바 . Other Tests - EMG - Laboratory test
<5> Treatment
1. Nonsurgical Treatment 2. Medications 3. Soft Neck Collar 4. Ice and Heat Applications 5. Physical Therapy 6. Injections
2. Surgery 가 . foraminotomy
나 . laminectomy
다 . Discectomy
라 . Cervical Fusion