U.S. History - Semester 2 Review

Name:___________________________ Date: _________________________ Block: ________

(RESULTS OF IMPROVED TRANSPORTATION BROUGHT ABOUT BY AUTOMOBILES:Greater ______________________Creation of ______________________Growth of ______________________-related industries (road-construction, oil, steel, automobile)Movement to ______________________ areas)

(Who used the assembly line and in what industry? What did this lead to the rise of?) (_____________ Brothers (Orville and Wilber)) (Captain of Industry – ____________________Industry – _____________________________Led to the rise of _______________________) (Who invented the airplane?) (What were the communication changes of the 1920s?Increased availability of ________________________Development of the _____________ and broadcast industryDevelopment of the ________________________) (In what ways did electrification change American life?_______________-saving devices (e.g. washing machines, electric stoves, water pumps)Electric _________________________ (e.g., radio)Improved _____________)

(CULTURAL FIGURES IN THE 1920s & 1930s)

(____________________________Artist known for urban scenes and later, paintings of the southwest)

(__________________________Novelist who wrote about the Jazz Age of the 1920s)

(John SteinbeckNovelist who portrayed the strength of poor _____________ workers during the 1930s)

(Aaron ________________ and George __________________Composers who wrote uniquely American music)

(Great Migration) (Jobs for ____________________________________ in the South were scarce and low payingAfrican Americans faced ___________________________________ and violence in the SouthAfrican Americans moved to cities in the ___________________________ and ___________________________ in search of better employment opportunitiesAfrican Americans also faced discrimination and ________________ in the North and Midwest)

(What was Prohibition?What were the results of Prohibition?____________________________ were created as places for people to drink alcoholic beverages____________________________ made and smuggled alcohol illegally and promoted organized crimeRepealed by _________ Amendment)

(What was the Harlem Renaissance?It was when African American artists, writers, and musicians based in _____________________ revealed the freshness and variety of African American culture. The popularity of these artists spread beyond Harlem to the rest of society.)

(________________________________ was a painter who chronicled the experiences of the Great Migration through art.)

(Influential artists, writers and musicians in the Harlem Renaissance:)

(_________________________________ was a jazz musician known for his talent on the piano.) (________________________________, who loved this wonderful world, was a jazz musician with great skill at playing the trumpet.)

(__________________________________ was a poet who combined the experiences of the Great Migration through art.) (____________________________________ was a famous female blues singer in the Harlem Renaissance.)

(People over-speculated on ________, using borrowed money that they could not repay when the stock prices crashedThe ______________________________________ failed to prevent the collapse of the banking systemHigh __________________ discouraged international trade)CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

Impact of the Great Depression on Americans

(A large number of _________ and other businesses failedOne-fourth (1/4) of workers were without ______________Large numbers of people were _____________ and homeless_________________’s incomes fell to low levels)

(Major features of the New Deal:__________________________________Federal __________________ programs__________________________ improvement programsFarm assistance programsIncreased rights for _____________)

(Causes of WWII)

(Rise of _________________________:Political philosophy in which total power is given to a dictator and individual freedoms are deniedNationalism and often racism are emphasizedFascist dictators led the countries that became known as the ________ Powers) (Political instability and economic devastation in Europe resulting from WWI:Worldwide ___________________High war _________ owed by GermanyHigh ________________________Massive _____________________)

(Allies ____________________ (Democratic)____________________ (Democratic)__________ (Democratic)________________ (once invaded by Germany)) (Axis Powers________________ (Fascist)________________ (Fascist)________________ (Fascist))

(Who were some of the leaders for the countries in WWII? ___________________________: Franklin D. Roosevelt, then Harry S. TrumanGreat Britain: __________________________________________________________: Joseph StalinGermany: ______________________________________________________________: Benito MussoliniJapan: ______________________________________)

How did the United States gradually change in American policy from neutrality to direct involvement?

(_____________________ (Great Depression, legacy of World War I)__________________ aid to the AlliesDirect involvement in the war)

(War in the Pacific:Rising tension developed between the U.S. and __________________ because of their aggression in East AsiaOn December 7, 1941, _________________ attacked the United States at________________________________without warningThe U.S. declared war on ________________________________then declared war on the United States) (War on the Home FrontAmerican involvement in WWII brought an end to the ___________________________Factories and workers were needed to __________________ to win the warThousands of American took jobs in defense plants during the war (represented by “________________________”)Americans at home supported the war by conserving and __________________ resourcesThe need for workers temporarily broke down some ____________ barriers (e.g. hiring in defense plants), although discrimination against __________________ continuedWhile many ________________Americans served in the armed forces, others were treated with distrust and prejudice, and many were forced into ___________________ camps)

(What was the Holocaust?Based on the ideas of __________________ and Aryan supremacy over Jewish peopleIt was a systematic attempt to rid Europe of all Jews by using the tactics of:___________________ of Jewish stores_________________________________________________________ and killing of Jews and others in concentration camps and death campsIt ended with liberation by _______________ forces of Jews and others who survived in __________________________ camps)

(Germany invaded ___________________________, setting off war in Europe. The ___________________________ also invaded Poland and the Baltic nations.Germany invaded France and captured ______________________.Germany bombed London and the Battle of ______________________ began.The United States gave Britain ____________________ supplies and old naval warships in return for ___________________________in Bermuda and the Caribbean (Lend Lease).Japan bombed ____________________________________.After Japan bombed Pearl Harbor, ________________________________declared war on the United States.The United States declared war on _________________________ and Germany.The United States was victorious over Japan in the Battle of_________________________. This victory was the turning point of war in the Pacific.Germany invaded the ________________________________. The Soviet Union defeated Germany at ________________________________, marking the turning point of the war in Eastern Europe.American and other Allied troops landed in Normandy, France, on “________________________” to begin the liberation of Western Europe.The United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan (at _____________________ and _______________________) in 1945, forcing Japan to surrender and ending WWII.) (major events and turning points of wwii)

(What did the world look like at the end of WWII?)

(What was formed near the end of WWII to create a body for the nations of the world to try to prevent future global wars?)

(________________________________)

Rebuilding Efforts After WWII

(__________________ named after __________________) (Which plan did the United States institute in order to rebuild Europe (it provided massive financial aid to rebuild European economies and prevent the spread of communism)?)

(How was Germany partitioned after WWII and how was each section governed?)

(________ GermanyRemained under the domination of the ______________________and did not adopt democratic institutions.) (________ Germany_____________ governmentResumed self-government after a few years of ______________, British, and __________ occupation.)

(Occupied by ______________________ forcesAdopted a _____________ form of government, resumed self-government, and became a strong ______of the United States.)

(How was Japan rebuilt after WWII?)

Reasons for the rapid growth of the American economy after WWII:

(With rationing of consumer goods over, businesses converted from war materials to __________________ goods.) (Americans purchased goods on _______________________.) (The work force shifted back to men, and most _______________________ returned full time to family responsibilities.)

(As economic prosperity continued and technology boomed, the next generation of ______________ entered the labor force in large numbers.) (_______________________ merged and became more powerful; workers gained new benefits and higher salaries.)

(What policies and programs expanded educational and employment opportunities after WWII?_______________________gave educational, housing, and employment benefits to veterans______________________desegregated the armed forcesCivil Rights legislation led to increased ______________, economic, and political opportunities for women and minorities.)

(What factors led to changing patterns in United States society?Strong _______________________ (healthy job market, increased productivity, increased demand for American products)Greater investment in _______________________The “_______________________,” which led to changing demographicsInterstate _______________________ systemEvolving role of _______________________ (expected to play a supporting role in the family while increasingly working outside the home)Role of _______________________ in expanding human rights_______________________aspirations for equal opportunities)

(What was the “Cold War?”)

(What were the origins of the Cold War?)

(What types of government and economy did the United States and the Soviet Union have?)

(Soviet Union_______________________________________) (United States_______________________________________)

Major Conflicts in the Post-WWII ERA

(________ WAR (Ended in 1975))

(__________ WAR (Ended in 1953))

(_______________________and the _______________________resisted _______________________ and North Korean aggression.This conflict ended in a _______________________.) (Due to the fear of the spread of _______________________, also known as the _______________________, the United States intervened in _______________________.Americans were (divided / united) over whether the United States should be involved militarily in Vietnam. The conflict ended in a ______________ agreement in which U.S. troops withdrew.)

(What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?It occurred in 1962 when the _______________________ placed missiles in Cuba. The Soviets removed the missiles in response to a U.S. _______________________ of Cuba. )

(What happened to the Soviet Union when communism collapsed in Europe?)

(It was broken up into _______________________)

(What event often symbolizes the collapse of communism in Europe?)

(The destruction of the _______________________)

What new challenges arose from the Cold War?

(______________________________________________________) (_______________________________________________________) (______________________________________________________)

(What is “globalization”?the linking of _______________________ through trade, information, technologies, and communicationinvolves increased integration of different _______________________)

(Improvement of all ______________________ (e.g. travel, telecommunications, internet)) (Impact of globalization on American life:)

(Availability of a wide variety of ______________________goods and services)

(Outsourcing of _______________________)

(What is the United States experiencing in terms of immigration?Changing immigration patterns (e.g. ___________________, _______________________)(More/less) people want to immigrate to the United States than are allowed by law ) (What international issues does the United States face in terms of foreign policy?Increase in _______________________activitiesConflicts in the _______________________Changing relationships with _______________________)

(What issues exist in terms of the global environment?Policies to protect the _______________________Global _______________________ changeConservation of _______________________ and other natural resources)

(What other issues exist in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries?Energy issues (dependence on foreign ____________________)World health issues (global ______________________))

(How have new technologies of the second half of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries affected American life?Increased domestic and international travel for _______________________ and pleasureGreater access to _______________________ and other informationCheaper and more convenient means of _______________________Greater access to heating and air-conditioning improved the quality of life and encouraged _______________________ growth in certain areas of the country Decreased _______________________ variation resulting from nationwide access to the same information provided by national television and radio programming, internet services, and computer games)

(Industries benefiting from new technologies)

(What were the effects of segregation?) (Separate ___________________facilities and resources for white and African American studentsSeparate ___________________ facilities (e.g. restrooms, drinking fountains, restaurants)Social isolation of ___________________)

…LEADING TO THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

(It opposed the Supreme Court Case, ___________________________, which maintained that “separate but equal” was legal) (________________ led the movement with passive resistance against segregated facilities and gave the famous “I have a dream…” speech) (A major achievement was _______________________¸which desegregated public schools)

(Methods of the movement included organized ___________, the _______________, sit-ins and marches)

(It led to the expansion of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (_________________________))

(Two important laws gained were the _________ Rights Act of 1964 and the ______ Rights Act of 1965)

(Rosa Parks’ efforts led to the _________________ bus boycott)

(Workplace disadvantages____________________ against women in hiring practicesLower _____________ for women than men for doing the same jobImproved conditionsGained through help of the National Organization for Women (__________)Federal legislation to force colleges to give women equal ____________________ opportunitiesEqual Rights AmendmentFailed to be _____________, but created a focus on equal opportunity employment, leading to wider range of options and advancement for women in business and public service)

(Changing Role of Women) (Influential Citizens of 20th and 21st CenturiesScienceCharles Drew - _________(plasma)____________________ – PhysicsCultureFrank Lloyd Wright - ___________________________ - DanceAcademicsHenry Louis Gates - ___________________________ - LiteratureEconomicsBill Gates – ____________________________________ – Franchising )

(United States’ leadership at the end of WWI:President Wilson created a plan for peace called the Fourteen Points, calling for the creation of the League of NationsThe U.S. did not join the League of Nations because the United States Senate failed to ratify the Treaty of Versailles)

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