lori albin, director fiscal policy center national juvenile justice network july 2011 show us the...
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Lor i A lb in , Di rectorFisca l Po l i cy Center
Nat ional Juveni le Jus t i ce NetworkJu ly 2011
Show Us the Money: Calculating the Cost of Juvenile Justice
Leads and supports a movement of state and local juvenile justice coalitions and organizations to secure state and federal laws, policies and practices that are fair, equitable and developmentally appropriate for all children, youth and families involved in, or at risk of becoming involved in, the justice system.
The National Juvenile Justice Network’s Fiscal Policy Center is supported by generous grants from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Open Society Foundations, Public Welfare Foundation, and Tow Foundation.
MAPPING THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM
BREAKING DOWN THE PROCESS
Costs of Crime
First step in estimating benefit of avoiding crime is to estimate cost of crime
Programs that reduce crime benefit taxpayers, victims, and society
To estimate cost must break down the process
Mapping
What? Me? Map?
Mapping is the process of identifying the stages of the juvenile justice process
To maximize effectiveness of fiscal information must know what each stage costs
For example: No Misdemeanants in detention or secured placement
Must know costs before and after exit point to assert cost avoidance
MAPPING YOUR SYSTEM
Source: United States Department of Justice, Juvenile Offenders and Victims: 2006 National Report
Source: Rethinking Detention in New York City, A Report of the Juvenile Justice Project of the Correctional Association of New York (March 2002).
Map of New York City Process
Source: Rethinking Detention in New York City, A Report of the Juvenile Justice Project of the Correctional Association of New York (March 2002).
Map of New York City Process
Source: The Rising Cost of the City’s Juvenile Justice System, New York City Independent Budget Office (January 2008/Revised).
Map of New York City Process – Cost Data
Source: The Rising Cost of the City’s Juvenile Justice System, New York City Independent Budget Office (January 2008/Revised).
Map of New York City Process – Cost Data
ARREST
FOUR PATHS
Juvenile Offender (charged as an adult)
Family/Juvenile Court
Secured Detention Until Court Open
Released – “Must Appear” Citation
ARREST
A standard arrest process includes investigation, arrest, interrogation and booking.
Law Enforcement CostAverage Police Officer Pay (including
benefits)Number of Juvenile Arrests Average Time Between Arrest and
Complaint/Charging Document
INTAKE
Divert or Petition
Assessment Tool Cost
Intake Worker/Probation Agent Cost Number of intakes Average time to process Budget for Intake Division
DIVERSION
Program Cost
Number of Cases Diverted
Length of Probation Supervision Assumption
PREADJUDICATION
Release to Parent – No Supervision
Secure Detention
Non-Secure Detention
Alternative to Detention
SECURE DETENTION
Number of Youth in Secure Detention
Operating Cost of Facilities
Capacity of Facilities
Average Length of Stay
NON-SECURE DETENTION
Program Cost
Number of Facilities/Capacity Per bed contract?
Number of Youth in Facilities
Average Length of Stay
Total Budget for Non-Secure Detention
ALTERNATIVE TO DETENTION
Cost of Programs
Number of Youth Served
Program Budget or Actual if Available
ADJUDICATION
Adjudication includes prosecutorial review, defense attorney interviews, and case processing
Initial Appearance/Arraignment
Fact Finding/Adjudication Hearing (and prep)
Disposition
Subsequent Placement Hearing (if necessary)
ARRAIGNMENT
Number of Youth
Length of Hearing
Prosecutor/Public Defender Cost
Court Cost
FACT FINDING
Number of Youth
Length of Hearing
Prosecutor/Public Defender Cost
Court Cost
DISPOSITION
Number of Youth
Length of Hearing
Prosecutor/Public Defender Cost
Court Cost
PLACEMENT(Commitment)
Secure
Non-Secure
Number of Youth
Length of Stay
ALTERNATIVES TO PLACEMENT
Program Cost
Number of Youth
Length of Stay
Budget or Actual Cost of Program
INTENSIVE SUPERVISION(PROBATION)
Number of Youth
Budget or Actual Cost of Program
Other Initiatives
Discharge Planning
Supervised Probation
Simple Map of a Juvenile Case in Maryland
arrestintakeassessment
adjudication
disposition
25 day review hearing
placement
Mapping a Juvenile Case in Baltimore County, Maryland
Arrest6033
DJS intake6287
Release to family/refer to DJS
Detain/DJS transports to detention center(700)ALOS = 1 day$759/day – boys$704/day – girls--MFR --
State’s Attorne
y
Adjudication
Resolved at intake(3294)
Detention(517)ALOS 19.1 days$758/day
Shelter Care(68) Pg 32 stat report$206/day—boys$254/day – girlsDTC
Petition2996
Alternative to detention(2476)
Petition denied76
petitionFiled2917
$2624 per case
$33.25 per hour @ 6 hours = $199.50 or DTC report $184.69
Intake costs: $33.31/hourUA $7.18 – boysUA $8.20 -- girls
CINS (77) $1077/child
25 Day review hearing
Pending Placement
(169)ALOS 40
Disposition
Fact-Finding
Arraignment/detention hearing
Probation(881)$25.06/dayALOP 183 days
Staff Secure
Hardware Secure
Pending Disposition(205)
Case dismissed/stet/nol pros/other(1453) Committe
d(197)ALOS -172 days$624/day
placement
After-care(144)
$758/day $288
Resources
www.njjn.org/our-work/fiscal-policy-centerwww.ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/njcda/www.ojjdp.gov/ojstatbb/ezaco/asp/method.aspwww.usinflationcalculator.com/
Lori AlbinDirector, Fiscal Policy CenterNational Juvenile Justice Network1319 F Street, NW, Suite 402Washington, DC 20004 202-467-0864 ext. 126 [email protected] NJJN on Facebook