LONG QUIZGRADE 9 SCIENCE NAME: _____________________________ YEAR & SEC. _________________ Date: __________ SCORE: _______DIRECTION: Write the letter only on your answer sheet.1. Which system is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the cells?a. circulatory b. digestive c. excretoryd. respiratory2. What is the main function of the respiratory system?a: to break food downb: supply the blood with oxygenc: circulate the blood3. The trachea is a part of the respiratory system. What can the trachea also be called and what is its function?a: windpipe, filters the air we breatheb: windpipe, releases air out of the body c: tubes; carries air to the lungs4. What is the diaphragm's main function?a: pump blood into the lungs c: pump oxygen out of the lungs and pull carbon dioxide into the lungsb: pump carbon dioxide out of the lungs and pull oxygen into the lungs4. Inside each of your lungs there are tubes called bronchi. These branches into even smaller tubes much like the branches of a tree. What are at the ends of these tubes? a: alveolib: diaphragmsc: cells5. What is responsible for picking up the oxygen in lungs and carrying it to all the body cells that need it?a: red blood cellsb: white blood cellsc: veins6. Which of the following is affected by the respiratory system? a: yawn b: hiccup c: sneeze d: all of the above7. Which part of the body is not used for the respiratory system to work? a: mouth b: nose c: small intestine d: diaphragm8. How does the respiratory system deliver oxygen to different parts of the body?a: breathingb: circulationc: inhale carbon dioxide9. Which organ serves to filter and warm the air entering it?a. air sac b. bronchus c. diaphragm d. nasal cavity10. Where does exchange of gases take place? a. alveoli b. bronchi c. bronchioles d. diaphragm11. The chemical process in which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the outside air and the cells is called a. breathing b. inhaling c. exhalingd. respiration12. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the cells is called a. osmosis b. cellular respirationc. external respirationd. breathing13. The cover of cartilage that automatically closes when you swallow to act as a protector of the larynx is thea. epiglottisb. glottisc. trachead. pharynx14. Protective mechanisms of the upper airway include all of the following excepta. cough reflexb. ciliac. swallow reflexd. mucus15. Which of the following structures has the responsibility of warming air as it enters the body?a. ciliab. turbinatec. mucusd. water16. How many lobes does the right lung have? a. oneb. twoc. threed. four17. The layer of serous membrane that covers the lung tissue is thea. pleural cavityb. visceral pleurac. parietal pleurad. respiratory pleura18. The portion of the brain that controls respiration is the a. cerebrum b. hypothalamusc. pons d. medulla19. What term is defined as the amount of air inhaled or expired during normal respiration?a. tidal volumeb. residual volumec. total lung volumed. minute ventilation20. The elderly are more prone to respiratory infection becausea. they have decreased elasticity ofthe lungs and bronchioles e. au of the aboveb. they have decreased elasticity ofthe lungs and bronchioles c. they have decreased ciliary actiond. they have decreased secretions of mucus in the respiratory tract lining21. Interventions to assist the elderly person with decreased respiratory system function would include all of the following exceptA. Increased contact with children to enhance the elderly person's immunity against illnessb. changing the elderly person's position slowly to avoid orthostatic hypotensionc. encouraging the elderly person to perform daily exercises to promote good ventilationd. teaching the elderly person the signs and symptoms for which to watch that are indicative of a respiratory infection22. The major breathing stimulus in a healthy adult isa. oxygen b. carbon dioxide c. bicarbonate d. pH23. In the elderly, there is a decline in the respiratory system. These functional changes would include all of the following excepta. a decrease in the number of alveolic. decreased chest wall sizeb. increased rigidity of the thoraxd. increased cough24. Which is not a protective reflex of the respiratory system? A. Yawn B. Cough C. SneezeD. Mucus25. Most of the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the alveoli occurs viaa. filtrationb. diffusionc. carbonic acid formationd. osmosis26. All of the following can cause decreased gas exchange in the lungs excepta. Immobilityb. Pneumoniac. Cough and deep breathingd. Smoking27. After a bronchoscopy, the client can have liquids whena. he has regular eupneic respirations. c. his gag reflex has returned.b. he is oriented to time, place, and person.d. he can hold a glass.28. You, the nurse, tests positive for a PPD tuberculin test. This result means that you most likelya. have active tb c. are allergic to the purified protein used in the testb. have been exposed to the bacillus d. have a suppressed immune system29. Mr. Henry is a 85-year-old man who comes in for a routine medical visit. He is at high risk for contracting influenza. Which of the following should the nurse encourage Mr. Henry to do to best prevent an occurrence of influenza?A. Wash his hands frequently when in public places. C. Obtain a flu vaccine every fall.B. Visit healthcare facilities only during the morning hours. D. Wear gloves when caring for sick children.30. In a patient who is high risk for aspiration pneumonia, which of the following statement is most likely correct?a. the right trachea is shorter than the left. d. the bronchial tree does not expand.b. the left trachea is shorter than the right. c. epiglottis is open when the patient is swallowing to facilitate breathing.31. Which of these structures is a part of the upper respiratory tract?a) bronchib) larynxc) lungsd) pharynxe) trachea32. The true vocal cords and the opening between them are called theA) cricoid cartilage.B) fauces.C) glottis.D) thyroid cartilage.E. vestibular folds.33. Which of these structures prevents the movement of swallowed materials into the larynx?A) middle nasal conchaeB) epiglottisC) vestibular foldsD) uvulaE) both b and c34. The FIRST branches off the trachea are called a) bronchioles b) bronchi c) arterioles d) alveoli 35. The dome shaped muscle below the chest cavity is called the a) intercostals b) rib muscle c) diaphragm d) coleus 36. During swallowing, the air passage of the pharynx is covered by the a) larynx b) epiglottis c) trachea d) bronchi 37. Alveoli in the lungs are connected to the bronchi by a network of tiny tubes called a) arterioles b) venules c) capillaries d) bronchioles 38. The ______ is a long straight tube that carries air from the back of the throat to the lungs. a) larynx b) trachea c) epiglottis d) pharynx 39. Inside the alveoli, carbon dioxide and oxygen a) are exchanged between air and blood c) are transported along microscopic tubules b) are produced inside cells d) are exchanged for other gases 40. The actual exchange of gases occurs at the site of the a) larynx b) nasal passage c) trachea d) alveoli 41. When the diaphragm and rib cage muscles relax a) the chest cavity enlarges b) expiration occurs c) inspiration occurs d) it is impossible to breath 42. Which is the correct sequence for the path of oxygen through the respiratory system? a) nasal passages, bronchi, trachea, bronchioles, cells, blood, alveoli b) cells, blood, alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi, trachea, nasal passages c) nasal passages, blood, alveoli, bronchi, cells, trachea, bronchioles d) nasal passages, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, blood, cells 43. Chamber where passages from the nose and mouth come together a) larynx b) pharynx c) trachea d) bronchi 44. Breathing is controlled by the chemistry of your blood as it interacts with the a) cerebrum b) cerebellum c) hypothalamus d) medulla oblongata 45. Where are the vocal cords located in the body? a) pharynx b) epiglottis c) larynx d) trachea 46: The process that enables cells of the body to burn food and release energy is calleda. circulation b. digestion c. respiration d. excretion47: The throat leads to two separate paths. One path goes to the stomach. This path is called thea. trachea b. esophagus c. epiglottis d. mucus48: The other path from the throat leads to the lungs. It is called thea. trachea b. esophagus c. epiglottis d. mucus49: This flap covers up the path leading to the lungs so that during eating food doesnt go down the wrong tube.a. trachea b. esophagus c. epiglottis d. mucus50: The exchange of gases inside the lungs actually occurs inside tiny sacs calleda. bronchi b. cilia c. capillaries d. alveoli51: The brain sends electrical messages to the chest muscles and the ___________ for breathing in and out to occur.a. diaphragm b. bronchi c. cilia d. alveoli52: The chemical in cigarettes that causes addiction is calleda. tar b. nicotine c. carbon monoxide53: The gas that is most abundant in the earths atmosphere isa. oxygen b. carbon dioxide c. sulfur d. nitrogen54: Insects have little holes along their abdomens to take in oxygen. These holes are calleda. gills b. lungs c. bronchi d. spiracles55: The nose produces a continuous supply of ____________ to put moisture in the air and catch dust and bacteria.a. mucus b. bronchi c. cilia d. oxygen