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Long Exposure Photography

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Page 1: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Long Exposure Photography

Page 2: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Long Exposure Photography

• Definition: Extending the time that the digital sensor is exposed to light beyond what you would normally use when taking a photograph to allow the camera time to integrate the changes that are occurring in the scene.

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Page 3: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

When do you use Long Exposure Photography

• To create abstracts or motion blur.

• To create the milky effect in waterfalls or to smooth out the rough waters of an ocean.

• To record the motion in clouds, plants/flowers/grasses.

• To capture fireworks and the northern lights.

• And what Bill will talk about--the stars or distant nebula at night.

Lets look at some examples of the effects you can get when you use a longer shutter speed.

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Page 4: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

1/20th second, f22, ISO 100, 105 MM

1/8 second, f22, ISO 100, 200 MM, 4 stop ND?

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Ocean-Pan Blurs

Page 5: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

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Pan Blurs

¼ second, f11, ISO 100 98 MM

Page 6: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Water

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0.4 Seconds, f11, ISO 100, 47 MM

Page 7: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Long Exposure: Clouds

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Jamie Konarsky Davison New Life Photos

63 seconds, f22, ISO 100 10 stop ND

Page 8: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Water

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20 seconds, f11, ISO 400 105 MM (No ND filter)

Page 9: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

3.2 seconds, f11, ISO 100, 24 MM, Polarizer

Waterfalls:

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Long exposures can create the silky effect in a waterfall.

• Shutter Speed: 1/3 sec to 20 seconds;

• Equipment: Polarizer and/or a Neutral Density filter—4 or less stops.

Page 10: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Equipment: Polarizers

• Polarizers: a circular filter that is put on the lens and is used to reduce glare, reduce haze, remove reflections, increase color saturation (blues & greens) and provides you with a loss of 1 to 2 stops of light. • Great for shooting waterfalls.

• Concerns: watch for vignetting and large expanses of blue sky.

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Page 11: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

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1/6 second, f11, ISO 100 24 MM with polarizer-sun out.

Page 12: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

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1.3 seconds, f11, ISO 100, 32MM with polarizer, sun under cloud.

Page 13: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Waterfalls

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1/6 second, f11, ISO 100 24 MM with polarizer-sun out.

1.3 seconds, f11, ISO 100, 32MM with polarizer, sun under cloud.

Page 14: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

1/6 second, f11, ISO 100, 28 MM Polarizer

Waterfalls

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Page 15: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

1.3 seconds, f11, ISO 100, 24 MM Polarizer

Waterfalls

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Page 16: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

1/6 second, f11, ISO 100, 28 MM

1.3 seconds, f11, ISO 100, 24 MM

Waterfalls

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Page 17: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Equipment: Neutral Density Filters

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Page 18: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Equipment: Neutral Density Filters

• Neutral Density Filters: reduce the amount of light entering a lens so that you can increase your exposure time.• Rectangular and Circular

• Solid and Graduated,

• Graduated Hard Edge, Soft Edge, Reverse Grad.

Note: For every stop of ND filter, you halve the amount of light entering the camera. When the light is halved, to maintain the same exposure, you need to double your shutter speed. Add another ND stop; double the shutter speed again.

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Page 19: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Neutral Density Filters

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ND 4 Solid

Graduated ND 2-Soft Edge

ND 10 Solid

Graduated ND 3 Soft Edge

Page 20: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Equipment: Neutral Density Filter

• Pros & Cons• Rectangular: heavier, requires holder, possible light leakage, better options

for graduated filters.• Circular: lighter, easier to carry, no light leakage, vignetting, could impact

focus when installing.

• Manufacturers• B+W, Format HiTech, Lee, Singh Ray, Vu (Benro) and many, many others. • Cokin P Series—inexpensive, resin, complete set.

So what difference will these make in your photos? Lets view another waterfall.

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Page 21: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

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1/160 second, f22, ISO 200, 80 MM no ND Filter

Niagara Falls Photos by Bruce Ryerson

Page 22: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Niagara Falls Photos by Bruce Ryerson

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2 seconds, f22, ISO 400, 84 MM, ND 9

Page 23: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Niagara Falls Photos by Bruce Ryerson

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1/160 second, f22, ISO 200, 80 MM, No ND Filter

2 seconds, f22, ISO 400, 84 MM, ND 9 Stops

Page 24: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

1.3 seconds, f18, ISO 100 105 MM no ND filter

Graduated ND Filter

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Page 25: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

13 second, f18, ISO 100, 99MMND Grad filter 3 stops

Water-Graduated ND Filter

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Page 26: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

13 seconds, f18, ISO 100, 99MMND Grad filter 2 stops

1.3 seconds, f18, ISO 100 105 MM no ND filter

Water-Graduated ND Filter

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Page 27: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Long Exposure: Clouds & Plants

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Page 28: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Long Exposure: clouds/plants

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65 seconds, f22, ISO 100, 10 Stop ND

Jamie Konarsky Davison New Life Photos

Page 29: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Long Exposure: clouds/plants

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Jamie Konarsky Davison New Life Photos

63 seconds, f22, ISO 100 10 stop ND

Page 30: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Equipment:

• Camera with a bulb mode. (Gives you more flexibility.)

• Steady tripod—no movement.

• Remote shutter release cable or intervalometer.

• A timer if there isn’t one in your camera.

• Plenty of memory and battery power.

• Hoodman Loupe

• Black tape to cover gaps in filters and eyehole.

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Page 31: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Additional Equipment to Calculate Exposure

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A chart or app to calculate exposure.Chart: B+W Vision Chart

Page 32: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Apps for Calculating Exposure

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PhotopillsLee Stopper, DOF, QDSLRDashboard, LECalculator

Photopills

Page 33: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

The Process

• Pay attention to the light.

• On tripod/turn off image stabilization.

• Do test shots before using the ND Filter to ensure the composition of the picture is what you want.

• Once you have the composition and focus you want, change to manual focus. (If round filter/tape the lens at that focus setting.)

• Note your exposure settings without the filter.

• Check your app or your chart to determine length of exposure using an ND filter.

• Choose the correct filter for the picture and add it to the lens.

• 4, 6 stops, 10 stops or a combination.

• For very long exposures you may want to turn on Noise Reduction in your camera.

• BE PATIENT

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Page 34: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

346.8 seconds, f18, ISO 100, 32MM

• Need overcast • or 60% cloud cover.• Moving clouds. • Exposure will be from 30

seconds to 4 minutes.

Clouds

Page 35: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Clouds

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102 seconds, f18, ISO 100, 32MM 4 stops

Page 36: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Clouds

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6.8 seconds, f18, ISO 100, 32MM

102 seconds, f18, ISO 100, 32MM 10 stops

• Need overcast or 60% cloud cover• Moving clouds. • Clouds 30 seconds to 4 minutes.

Page 37: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Clouds

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109 seconds, f11, ISO 100, 50 MM 14 stops

1/250th second, f11, ISO 100 47 MM

Page 38: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

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Flowers & Plants

21 seconds, F11, ISO 100, 55 MM

Page 39: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Flowers & Plants

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Jamie Konarsky Davison New Life Photos

1.3 seconds, f18, ISO 100 Polarizer

Page 40: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

• 4 Stop Soft Graduated ND filter on top,

• 10 Stop ND & 2 Stop Reverse Grad on Horizon,

• Light Painted Tree

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Photo by Mark Hilliard

Page 41: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Blue Hour/Night Photography

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No Filters Required.

Page 42: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

1.3 seconds, 5.6, ISO, 100, 15 MM

Night Photography

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1.3 seconds, f5.6, ISO 100, 15 MM

Page 43: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

2 seconds, f14, ISO 100, 55 mm, (55-250)

Fireworks

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3 seconds, f14, ISO 100, 65 mm, (55-250)

Page 44: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

Northern Lights

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9.2 seconds, f5.6, ISO 3200, 28 MM

5.2 seconds, f5.6, ISO 3200, 28 MM

Page 45: Long Exposure & Night Photographyspartacameraclub.org/resources/Documents/Virginia Kolstad Long E… · Long Exposure Photography •Definition: Extending the time that the digital

References

• Mark Hilliard: www.markhilliardatelier-blog.com

• Mark Hilliard: www.markhilliardatelier.com

• Jamie Konarski: https://www.newlifephotos.com/

• Joel Tjintjelaar: https://www.photographize.co/joeltjintjelaar/

• Joel Tjintjelaar (exposure chart): https://www.bwvision.com/recommended-le/

• Julia Anna Gospodarou: http://blog.juliaannagospodarou.com/tutorials/

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Next: Night Photography with Bill O’Neil