Transportation and Aerospace

Team 18

Shoumya Rajiv Brandon Ginnie SoonSukLockheed Martin

UPS Boeing Expeditors Int'l United Technologies

Rockwell Collins FedEx GE Aviation CHRobinson Worldwide

Norfolk Southern

Airbus DHL Rolls Royce Amtrak Textron

Team 19

Kartik Jason Carly Paul MargaretUnion Pacific Raytheon Northrop Balfour

BeattyTesla

Goodrich General Dynamics

EADS David Evans Inc.

CSX

Schneider Alliant Techsystems

Delphi BNSF

Lockheed Martin

Lockheed Martin is a global security company that is engaged in the research, design, development, manufacture, integration and sustainment of advanced technology systems, products and services. It is a member of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Green Power Partnership and has been recognized by the agency as one of the country's top green power purchasers and is in fact 35th on its National Top 50 List. Lockheed Martin's operating units are organized into broad business areas.

Aeronautics: It includes tactical aircraft, airlift, and aeronautical research and development lines of business.

Electronic Systems: It encompasses missiles and fire control, naval systems, platform integration, simulation and training and energy programs lines of business.

Information Systems & Global Services (IS&GS): C4I, federal services, government and commercial IT solutions come under this unit.

Space Systems: This includes space launch, commercial satellites, government satellites, and strategic missiles lines of business.

Technological Innovation:

To mitigate the risks of volatile fossil fuel prices, Lockheed Martin is increasing its use of renewable energy sources, including the sun, wind, moving water, organic plant and waste material (biomass), and the earth's heat (geothermal). Lockheed Martin has identified information technology as a tremendous opportunity for reducing energy usage. In the past two years, Lockheed Martin has embarked on a server virtualization program that saved the Corporation $1.2 million in business costs. By eliminating the use of 1,700 computing servers, the Corporation saved more than 11 million kilowatt-hours of electricity, reducing carbon emissions by 7,000 metric tons. The Corporation is committed to enhancing efficiency by consolidating data centers; exploiting intelligent software to manage IT resource capacity; using Energy Star-rated power and cooling systems; and improving critical data center support processes and tools.

Operational Efficiency:

On-site solar plants are designed to reduce energy usage is expected to generate savings of 1.3 million kilowatt-hours of energy per year. Lockheed Martin also has made strides in reducing its waste to landfill. The Corporation has reduced its waste going to landfills by 9 percent through:

Source reduction, Increasing recycling, and Identifying beneficial re-uses for waste streams.

Future Goals:

The company wants to reduce its hazardous and non-hazardous solid waste. The company has identified chromium as one of its largest environmental challenges and is therefore designing non-chromium, reduced paint system and a non-chromium solvent for fuselage joints and fasteners. The company has a goal of reducing its total greenhouse gas emissions by 30% between 2001 and 2010.

Rockwell Collins

Rockwell Collins is a global provider of aviation electronic and communication solutions. It has a balance of both commercial and government customers. Leveraging developments across both markets enables Rockwell Collins to reduce costs, extend product viability, and enhance the capabilities of its systems. Rockwell Collins is committed to environmental sustainability and recognizes that renewable energy purchase is an innovative and effective way to reduce the company’s greenhouse gas emissions.

Technological Innovation:

Electricity production is the leading cause of industrial air pollution in the United States. Air pollution comes in the form of smog, soot, acid rain, carbon dioxide, mercury and particulate matter. In operation since 1994, 3phases, a national provider of renewable energy solutions and services is providing Rockwell Collins with Green-e certified tradable renewable certificates from new wind projects in Iowa and biomass facilities across the nation. Rockwell Collins’ renewable energy commitment prevents the emission of 13,800,000 pounds of carbon dioxide, a key greenhouse gas, annually. This purchase will have the climate impact equivalent of taking 1,205 cars off the road for one year or planting 1,863 acres of trees.

Operational Efficiency:

The Company is actively working on implementing small operational changes like using lead free surface finishes and replacing conformal coatings with water born acrylic urethane coating that reduces emissions. It is also seeking alternatives to other hazardous chemicals identified by the European Union. It has implemented process changes such as printed wiring assembly cleaning that are more environment friendly and reduce overall cleaning use.

Future Goals:

The Company has announced that it is offsetting its carbon emissions by purchasing 10,000 MWH of renewable energy annually for three years. Large scale conversion of conformal coatings with water born acrylic urethane coating is also planned in the near future.

Airbus

Airbus develops, produces and supports airliners that are considered to be among the best in the industry. Airbus jetliners have become the aircraft of choice for more than 320 operators - from low-cost carriers to full-service airlines operating some of the longest routes around the globe. Airbus is the first aeronautics company in the world to have earned the ISO 14001 environmental certification for all production sites and products for the entire life cycle.

Technological Innovation:

It is currently seeking more efficient and cleaner-burning, GTL that can be made from a range of materials, from natural gas to organic plant matter. Alternative fuel research in fact is a core tenet of Airbus’ initiatives to reduce the environmental impact of air transport. The company is looking at sustainable biofuels, which will make a major

impact on CO2 emissions from aviation. Biofuels’ emissions are no less than fossil fuels’, but their plant feed stocks fix CO2 as they grow, so offsetting what will be emitted when they are burned. Sustainably produced biofuels – including feedstock and process – result in a reduction of CO2 emissions across their lifecycle.

Operational Efficiency:

In February 2008, Airbus became the first airplane manufacturer to flight-test a synthetic liquid fuel processed from natural gas. It has also introduced fly-by-wire technology into civil airliners, the development of composite aero structures and the use of advanced materials and aerodynamics – all of which have reduced aircraft weight and fuel burn, and increased fuel efficiency. Airbus also has continued to improve the flight decks of its aircraft, using the latest advances in systems and design to provide the best working environment for flight crews.

Future Goals:

The Company has a long-term testing phase to evaluate viable and sustainable alternative fuels such as gas-to-liquid, or GTL. Also Boeing and Airbus together have signed an agreement to work together to ensure global interoperability in Air Traffic Management as part of an effort to help reduce the impact of aviation on the environment. The companies will seek the acceleration of improvements to the world's air transportation management system in order to increase efficiency and eliminate traffic congestion.

FedEx

The operation and supply chain of FedEx is largely contingent upon its transportation. To reduce the overall environmental footprint FedEx initiated the Fuel Sense Program.

Fuel Efficiency:

Upgrading airline fleet by replacing 90 narrow-body Boeing 727 aircraft with Boeing 757 planes, which would lessen the environmental impact by reducing fuel consumption up to 36 percent and provide 20 percent more capacity. This is expected to result in a reduction of more than 350,000 metrics tons of CO2 emissions annually when completed.

FedEx will acquire 11 Boeing 777 aircraft that will provide greater payload capacity by using 18 percent less fuel than planes in the current international fleet. This will significantly eliminate carbon emissions that would have otherwise occurred.

The reduction of in-gate aircraft auxiliary power unit usage has eliminated over 1.5 hours of engine use per flight throughout the fleet, saving one million gallons of jet fuel per month.

Ground support equipment at FedEx operations at select airports has been converted from internal combustion engine models to electric units, saving almost 1 million gallons of jet fuel per month.

To optimize delivery routes to ensure that the most efficient sized vehicle is in use on each route, more than one-fourth of the FedEx fleet has been converted to smaller more fuel efficient vehicles, saving more than 50 million gallons of fuel

FedEx currently operates the largest fleet of commercial hybrid trucks in North America, consisting of more than 172 hybrid-electric trucks.

Conservation:

In addition to conservation through the Fuel Sense Program, FedEx supports renewable power sources to provide for sustainable energy. In 2005, FedEx opened a solar powered installation in Oakland, California, greatly reducing the burden on the power grid and serving as an additional source of power to businesses and residents in the state. The impact resulted in a reduction of 342 tons of carbon dioxide from being emitted into the atmosphere – equivalent to 96 acres of forest saved or a decrease of 850,000 miles driven a year. FedEx plans to open two more installations in California. Energy conservation has also extended to FedEx’s facilities through simple measures such as switching over from traditional light bulbs to energy efficient compact florescent bulbs, and to a more sophisticated approach by developing a custom-facility lighting system that reduces energy consumption by 93 percent. There has also been a concerted effort to curtail material waste. FedEx has extensive recycling programs at their operating companies. In 2008, FedEx recycled a total of 17.6 million pounds of waste materials.

UPS

UPS operations are mainly dependent on vehicles and aircraft; as a result they focus on making their transportations network as efficient and as environmentally sound as possible.Fuel Efficiency:

Indicative of their commitment to the environment, UPS was the first company in the package sector to conduct a CO2 inventory

UPS airlines are the most fuel efficient in the package airline sector. In 2008, their fuel efficiency factor – CO2 per available ton mile (ATM) – lead their competitors in the current state and in long--term future targets. Still, UPS has announced even more aggressive CO2/ATM future targets.

In 2008, Package Flow Technology eliminated 100 million miles driven by allocating pick-ups and deliveries to the most efficient number of vehicles and optimizing routes: vehicles reach destinations in the least amount of time and miles driven, reducing idling time spent on lights and turns to reduce emissions.

UPS operates the largest private alternative fuel technology vehicle fleet in the private sector.

Conservation:

On the conservation side in 2008, UPS funded 117 lighting upgrade projects that are expected produce annual energy savings of more than 25 million kWh – equivalent to the energy required to power 2,490 homes for a year. UPS package operations, supply chain and freight generated approximately 120,000 tons of solid waste in 2008, of which they recycled approximately 43%. In addition UPS introduced the UPS paperless invoice, the only company in the industry to offer it.

DHL

In 2008, the vehicle and aircraft dependent transport network, DHL announced the Go Green program. Their CEO claims that, “With this program we respond to the needs of our top customers; we will decrease our dependence on fossil fuels and reduce costs over the long term. We must strive to reduce carbon emissions for every letter we mail, every package we ship and every square meter of space we use by almost one-third.”

Fuel Efficiency

DHL operates approximately 350 aircraft worldwide, composed of DHL airlines and chartered capacity. They represent one of the biggest fleets of cargo aircraft globally. DHL is continually replacing the older aircraft in their fleet with newer aircraft that are more fuel efficient and generate lower carbon dioxide emissions.DHL plans to replace more than 90% of their containerized jet aircraft.

DHL Express is testing bio-gas courier vans and bio-gas trucks in different European countries. In 2008, they will trial further hybrid trucks in their European fleet.

DHL is considering the use of biofuels. However, they are carefully evaluating it because their production might cause adverse social and environmental impacts - of particular concern are the possible consequences for food supplies in poor or developing countries.

Conservation:

In order to conserve energy, more efficient lighting and optimized heating and cooling systems have been implemented in existing buildings; this reduces specific energy demands. In new buildings, technical and design innovations reduce heating and cooling requirements. In Germany, DHL started purchasing approximately 70% of their electricity, including power supplies, from Deutsche Post bank (a renewable energy source)and their corporate headquarters in Bonn now uses 100% electricity generated from renewable sources as part of this energy contract.

United Technologies

United Technologies Corporation (UTC) is a conglomerate. Its products include Carrier heating and air conditioning, Hamilton Sundstrand aerospace systems and industrial products, Otis elevators and escalators, Pratt & Whitney aircraft engines, Sikorsky helicopters, UTC Fire & Security systems and UTC power fuel cells. Since 1997, UTC has invested approximately $30 billion dollars in customer and company funded R&D. Their R&D investments are concentrated on reducing the environmental impact of their products and assisting their customers to achieve similar goals. UTC has been focused on eliminating material of concern (heavy metals), and they began it voluntarily in 2001. UTC has technically complex products which require the highest quality and standards to ensure safety. It is quite challenging to find safe and also effective customer satisfying substitute. While they will continue to eliminate materials of concern in legacy products and processes, their primary goal is to eliminate them in new products by the end of 2010. They achieved 51 percent elimination in new product by the end of 2009. Their latest EH&S goals also target all new products for improved environmental performance. They also aim to increase energy efficiency and reduce packaging each by 10 percent, or best in class performance by the end of 2010. From 2007 till now, they have achieved the energy

efficiency goal in 70 percent of new products and the packaging reducing goal in 91 percent of new products.

Environment

UTC tries to meet the highest environmental standards everywhere they do business. Environmental sustainability is an important part of both their operations and their products. UTC has a history of setting high standard environmental goals and pursuing them by continuously making progress on their processes at every level of the company. Not only in their work, but also they strive to cooperate with other companies and non-governmental associations to find and implement solutions.

Community

UTC supports a wide range of community activities and focuses efforts in four areas.- Building Sustainable Cities- Supporting Vibrant Communities- Advancing STEM Education (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics)

Governance

UTC aims to build a culture of integrity and ethical behavior in every country where they do business. Their values and principles guide their actions and direct the relationship with their employees, customers, and communities.

People

UTC treats employees fairly, respects their interests, and provides safe working and open communication. Here are UTC’s 2010 objectives: work to support a 3 percent increase in overall favorable responses to the 2011 biennial employee survey, eliminate fatalities and serious injuries in working place, and reduce global lost workday incident rate from 0.18 to 0.17 and recordable incidents from 0.75 to 0.64 in 2010.

Customers and Suppliers

UTC is committed to product quality and safety and expects flawless performance. They are committed to product quality and safety and expect flawless performance. They know the importance of a diverse supplier base. To produce superior products in a dependable manner, they co-work with suppliers who will guarantee high standards for business practices, environmental responsibility and operational quality. UTC makes their efforts to ensure their deliver world-class products and services that achieve customers’ satisfaction.

Products

UTC’s products convert energy into useful work, so they eager to reduce products’ energy use and develop innovative, energy efficient technologies that help reduce customers’ environmental footprints. UTC’s 2010 objectives are improving energy efficiency and reducing new product packaging by 10 percent through 2010, and also working to eliminate materials of concern.

Norfolk Southern

Norfolk Southern Corporation is one of the nation’s leading transportation companies. Company’s Norfolk Southern Railway subsidiary operates approximately 21,000 route miles in 22 states and the District of Columbia, serves every major container port in the eastern United States, and provides advanced connections to western rail carriers. Norfolk Southern operates the most extensive intermodal network in the East and is North America’s largest rail carrier of metals and automotive products.

Norfolk Southern launched its sustainability efforts in December 2007, naming the rail industry’s first sustainability officer with the goal to lead the industry in fuel conservation, emissions reduction, efficient energy use, recycling, use of renewable materials, and environmental partnerships. Norfolk Southern comprising employees from legal, corporate communications, intermodal, market research and economics, environmental engineering and audits, and operations. The company measures and manages its environmental impacts and to strengthen relationships with employees and community, business, and environmental stakeholders.

Safety

Norfolk Southern has a vision to be the safest, most customer-focused and successful transportation company in the world. As a testament to the successful pursuit of this vision, Norfolk Southern has earned unprecedented recognition for safety. The hard work continues at Norfolk Southern to achieve even more difficult goals for employee as well as customer safety. For 20 years in a row, NS employees have won the E.H. Harriman Memorial gold medal award for achieving the rail industry’s lowest employee personal injury ratio. The awards are given annually to the U.S. railroads whose employees have the lowest number of injuries for every 200,000 employee-hours worked. It takes into account the volume of work performed, as well as the number of fatalities, injuries and occupational illnesses reported to the Federal Railroad Administration. Customers recognize the value of doing business with a company that will never put safety anywhere but first. By being the safest major railroad, Norfolk Southern has helped create a better, more competitive transportation industry.

Environment

Norfolk Southern is committed to protecting the quality of the environment for their employees, their customers, and their communities. The company’s core values reflect commitments. They ensure that all employees are trained in and fully understand the environmental requirements of their jobs and are responsible and accountable for conducting work activities in a manner that meets or exceeds environmental compliance standards. And also, Norfolk Southern ensures that appropriate public agencies and affected communities are informed about any incidents relating to company operations that have the potential to cause environmental harm. The company tries to minimize waste through activities such as recycling and reducing consumption of energy, and using environmentally preferred materials and nonpolluting technologies, procedures, and work practices. Also, they protect the environmental quality of the corporation’s real estate through sound management of land, water, and other property resources. Moreover, Norfolk Southern cooperates fully with all governmental authorities charged with protecting the environment and regulating transportation of hazardous materials, and complies fully with laws and regulations protecting the environment and transporting environmentally sensitive materials. Their Environmental Protection Department and Environmental Policy Council are dedicated to ensuring that appropriate policies, procedures and resources are in place to address environmental health and safety considerations across the system.

Natural Disaster Recovery

If railroads can be said to have a nemesis, it’s the weather. Hurricanes, floods, snow, ice, fog, extreme temperature – all can present operational challenges. The weather’s effect on the region the company serves can be devastating. Over the years, Norfolk Southern has been a dependable partner in helping communities recovers from natural disasters.

Textron

Textron Inc. is not only one of the worlds well known conglomerate, it is a pioneer of the diversified business model. Founded in 1923, they have grown into a network of businesses with total revenues of $10.5 billion, and approximately 32,000 employees with facilities and presence in 25 countries, serving a diverse and global customer base. Textron is ranked 173rd on the FORTUNE 500 list of largest U.S. companies. Textron consists of numerous subsidiaries and operating divisions, which are responsible for the day-to-day operation of their businesses. Textron says their vision is to be the premier multi-industry company, recognized for their powerful brands, world-class enterprise processes and talented people. By placing customers first in everything they do, Textron continues to grow as an industry leader with strong brands such as Bell Helicopter, Cessna Aircraft, Kautex, Lycoming, E-Z-GO and Greenlee, among others. At Textron, being a leader goes beyond their commitment to offering innovative, superior products and services to the markets they serve. It also means supporting the communities where they work and live, protecting the health and safety of their employees and safeguarding the environments where they do business.

World-Class Processes

Their third focus within Enterprise Management is to develop world-class processes that will drive long-term productivity and profitability. Step by step, they are re-engineering core processes to achieve industry-leading performance.

Textron Six Sigma

Textron has adopted a disciplined, data-driven approach to problem-solving and performance improvement. In addition to the traditional Six Sigma elements of Variation Reduction and Design for Six Sigma, Textron's approach includes the discipline of Lean Manufacturing –- most commonly known through the Toyota Production System. This unique combination of all three disciplines makes Textron Six Sigma a more comprehensive, continuous improvement program than those with similar names implemented by other companies.

Supply Chain Management

Textron is building competitive advantage by addressing all aspects of the supply chain – from raw materials to after-market service. Across the enterprise, they are leveraging their purchasing, increasing their level of global sourcing from low-cost regions, and optimizing their manufacturing footprint. They are also focused on building strong talent and material savings processes as well as driving a broader implementation of the Lean systems, processes, and tools of Textron Six Sigma to achieve more dramatic improvement within their manufacturing operations.

Safety

At Textron, they are committed to protecting their employees, contractors, visitors and the communities in which they operate. They maintain safe workplaces, provide employee training, comply with regulatory and internal standards and require demonstration of this commitment through their EHS Management System. In 2008, Textron defined a new Causal Analysis Model, called Human Performance Improvement in Incident Investigation (HPI3), which will provide a global, common process for conducting incident investigations, sharing best practices, and reducing organizational weaknesses that lead to poor EHS performance.

Textron uses two metrics globally to measure safety performance. Total Recordable Injury Rate (TRIR) measures the number of injuries per 100 employees. Lost Time Injury Rate (LTIR) tracks the number of injuries per 100 employees with one day or more away from work. In 2008, Textron achieved a TRIR of 1.56, the lowest since it began tracking injury rates. Further, 57 facilities completed the year without recording a single injury while another 95 facilities did not experience a single lost work day due to work-related injury or illness. Since 2003, their global injury rate has been reduced by 63 percent, and lost time cases have been reduced by 64 percent.

Environment

Textron continues to focus on “green” activities, following an enterprise-wide strategy adopted in 2007. The program, called “Vision 20/15” is helping to reduce the company’s adverse impact on the environment through activities such as improved energy efficiency and reductions in waste disposal and greenhouse gas emissions. Their goal is to reduce carbon emissions, energy consumption and waste disposal by 20 percent by 2015, normalized to revenue. Textron businesses have also adopted strategies to improve the efficiency and reduce the adverse environmental impact of its products and services.

In 2008, Textron executed the strategy by tracking consumption of energy and water, disposal of waste and greenhouse gas emissions. Baseline data was used to the set goals under the Vision 20/15 program.

A team of professionals from around the enterprise meet regularly to share efficiency and reduction project successes to ensure their businesses are making progress in reducing their impact on the environment. This effort is supported by the EHS Management System, which includes requirements to develop greenhouse gas emission and waste reduction programs, consider the impact of products and set specific goals and targets to measure progress.

Employee Health and Wellness

Textron believes that a healthy workforce is more likely to be engaged, empowered and successful. They are more productive, work safely and tend to help others do the same. In 2008, they laid the groundwork for an enterprise-wide health and wellness initiative that will help develop a culture that empowers employees and their families to adopt and maintain a healthy lifestyle.

Expeditors International of Washington

Expeditors International is a publicly owned company which for the last 30 years has provided solutions and logistic services for supply chains both within the United States and internationally. This includes but is not limited to global logistics, supply chain management, and air freight forwarding.

Expeditors International of Washington has a strong desire to help their customers and employees become more sustainable and environmentally friendly. Expeditors International of Washington states, " We don't own the planes, trucks or ships, but we help our carriers, customers and employees reduce their environmental impact and

save money in the process. Our commitment to the environment is substantive and sustainable because our services provide concrete and quantifiable benefits – both ecologically and economically."

Expeditors International has enacted a series of initiatives for the company which includes reducing green house gas emissions through the following actions.

Consolidate and optimize shipment loads Baseline Expeditors' carbon footprint and establish Green House Gas reduction goals Develop tools for customers to calculate their transportation carbon footprint Participate in the US EPA Smart Way Program promoting cleaner trucks Partner with carriers on environmental guidelines as part of our Service Provider Strategy

Expeditors Internationals also wants to empower their employees to engage in sustainable and environmentally friendly actions.

Identify and prioritize environmental initiatives through the Global Environmental Steering Committee Execute initiatives through the support of our offices Communicate via newsletters, emails and intranet environmental best practices and recommendations

for employees Create paperless work environments in various departments throughout the company Pilot video conferencing in offices to improve collaboration and to reduce employee travel costs and

carbon footprint. Reduce business travel Optimize energy use in offices

CH Robinson Worldwide

CH Robinson is one of the world's largest 3rd party logistics companies which provides freight transportation, outsourcing solutions, and producing solutions to other companies worldwide. The company currently employs approximately 7,300 employees and is dedicated to helping meet customer needs.

At CH Robinson they stress people, planet , and progress. They state, " For us, sustainability is an overall approach to business—a way to add value, improve efficiencies, and invest in the long-term success of our customers, contract carriers, growers, employees, and communities."

CH Robinson has the goal of creating driving efficiencies which help the company and world to be a more sustainable environment. They do this through

reducing empty miles and selecting more efficient forms of transportation developing transportation and optimization strategies for end users "shortening the distance from farm to table" reducing the use and cost of paper

CH Robinson feels they have a special commitment to the industry and community and are involved in EPA's Smartway, Sustainable Food Lab, Western Growers, Quick Pay, and Cascade Sierra Solutions. Through these programs and initiatives, CH Robinson is targeting long-term goals for improvement in efficiencies in the transportation industry.

Amtrak

Amtrak is a government owned organization providing passenger rail service throughout the United States. Amtrak employs approximately 19,000 people and works to serve passengers primarily on tracks owned by freight trains.

Amtrak states, "Amtrak strives for a greener passenger rail with practices and tactics for improved fuel and energy efficiency. At Amtrak the earth matters, so travel green and learn how to become even more eco-smart."

Amtrak has five major ways through which the goal of being sustainable is being enacted.

energy efficient travel rail's carbon footprint Amtrak recycles auto train: earth-smart travel going green on Acela

Energy Efficient Travel: Amtrak is 17% more efficient than traveling via automobile or via airplane. Amtrak has worked to improve BTU per customer mile and also has electrified portions of their route in the eastern united States.

Rail's Carbon Footprint: . Amtrak is a member of the Chicago Climate Exchange and has reduced green house gas emissions by 1% each year between 2003 and 2007 and by .5% between 2007 and 2010.

Amtrak Recycles: Amtrak is a strong supporter of recycling. They have become committed to a program of on-board recycling in which a recycling station is available on all Amtrak trains, and on all Acela trains by the end of 2010. In addition to recycling on-board, Amtrak has also strived to support recycling at engineering and mechanical facilities, and also in Amtrak owned stations.

Auto Train: Earth Smart Travel: The Auto Train is the longest passenger train in the world By taking the Auto Train, one car is removed from the road helping to reduce capacity on the road. The use of auto train is equivalent to "taking 3,478 cars off the road each year."

Going Green on Acela: Acela uses electric propulsion engines which help reduce greenhouse gases and reduce the use of fossil fuels. In terms of Btu's, airliners use approximately 3514, cars use approximately 3103, and trains use approximately 2516.

Boeing

Boeing is the world’s leading manufacturer of commercial airplanes. Headquartered in Chicago, Boeing leads the aerospace industry, but also designs and produces several other technologies including defense systems, missiles, and several types of advanced communication system. Its primary customers are NASA, the United States Government, and all major airlines on earth.

Boeing employs nearly 160,000 people, and operates in more than 70 countries. While Boeing has one of the most diverse workforces anywhere, their efforts to recruit match such diversity, as they span the globe reaching out to more than 2,700 colleges for students with more than 32,000 types of degree.

Technological Innovation:

Boeing employs not only the most talented engineers in the industry, but also, some of the most environmentally conscious. The company seeks to pioneer environmentally progressive technology that reduces its environmental footprint. The latest innovation aimed at reaching their sustainability goals is the new 787 Dreamliner. Other than being cheaper for airliners to operate, and more comfortable for passengers to ride, the 787 is the leading airplane for efficiency in the industry. It will trek the globe for more miles on less fuel and other energy sources than any other plane on or near the marketplace today and going forward.

Because Boeing is at the forefront of developing technologies that reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, they are using the 787 Dreamliner specifications to rework all their major airplane models. Each model, such as the 737, 777, and the popular 747, (the airplane that the United States government issues the president as “Air Force One”), is currently being reengineered to have lighter, more efficient bodies, a higher seating capacity, and less emissions from aircraft engines.

GE Aviation

General Electric Aviation is a producer of aircraft engines, among several other technologies. From the standpoint of technological excellence, investments in research and development, and dedication to sustainability practices, GE Aviation is the world’s leading producer of large and small jet engines for commercial and military aircraft. Based out of Cincinnati, Ohio, GE Aviation employs 39,000 people worldwide and operates in more the 50 locations globally. They are the designers and producers of the first U.S. Jet Engine.

Technological Innovation:

GE has had a historic commitment to developing the most cutting edge products for its array of demanding customers. Companies like Boeing and Airbus, who are colossal consumers of GE Aviations engines, are always demanding more powerful, yet more efficient engines from GE to carry their planes. GE’s commitment to the environment’s health and safety leads them to come up with engines that produce much lower oxides of nitrogen, while at the same time ramping up the power required to carry planes that hold more passengers, like Boeings 737 and Airbus’ A320.

Other innovations are lower over all emissions, and also things like reduced aircraft noise created by the propulsion systems. The GE90 engine for the Boeing 777 is a landmark in GE’s quest for more efficiency with less environmental footprint. The largest fan blades in all of aviation today, the GE90 has improved fuel efficiency and power to the extent that only two engines carry the Boeing 777, instead of the old standard of four engines. Technologies like these, and many more, speak to GE Aviation’s commitment to a faster, safer, and greener planet.

Rolls-Royce

Rolls-Royce is an aerospace company that produces, among many other things, commercial jet engines as well as engines and turbines for military applications. The company is a world leading provider of power systems and services for use on land, at sea, and in the air. Focusing on reliability, integrity, and innovation, Rolls-Royce emphasizes transparency and high standards of ethics in producing products with a standard of quality that speaks to its engineering excellence.

Headquartered in London, Rolls-Royce supplies the militaries and aerospace manufacturers of the world with engines, marine technologies, nuclear power, and several forms of energy. The primary business units are Rolls-Royce North America, and Rolls-Royce plc, who sell vast amounts of aerospace and energy equipment to Boeing and Airbus, respectively.

Technological Innovation:

Rolls-Royce Civil Aerospace powers over 30 types of commercial aircraft in the world, in addition to providing 18,000 aircraft engines to 160 militaries in 103 countries. They hold engine design, engineering, and manufacturing facilities in the UK, Germany, and the United States where they develop solutions which protect the environment and deliver sustainable economic growth. Their engines have reduced aircraft noise by 75% and fuel burned has been reduced by over 70%. Their current production developments include fuel cell systems that will deliver significant reductions in carbon dioxide emission. Potential technologies that they see fit to help reach this goal are feasible renewable power sources, such as tidal stream and offshore wind. Much like locomotive engineers have designed kinetic energy systems to power trains, so will Rolls-Royce continue its commitment to developing self-sufficient, environmentally sustainable ways of more efficiently carrier commercial and military aircraft

Union Pacific Corporation

Union Pacific Corporation is one of America's leading transportation companies. Its principal operating company, Union Pacific Railroad, is North America's premier railroad franchise, covering 23 states across the western two-thirds of the United States.

Union pacific strives to drive home the message that locomotive transportation is must more environment friendly than road transportation. Excerpt from their mission statement reads “Union Pacific moves one ton 830 miles on one gallon of diesel fuel. Each ton-mile of freight moved by rail reduces greenhouse gas emissions by an average of 75%, compared to transportation by truck.” i Through this message Union pacific is telling its prospective customers that they will be able to reduce their carbon footprint in their supply chain and make their existing logistics more sustainable by switching over to locomotive transport from their existing logistics system of road transport.

Union Pacific aims to be sustainable by concentrating on two fundamental elements: Fuel conservation and Emission reduction. Union Pacific archives both these targets through Technological innovation and improving operational efficiency.

Since 1998, UP has achieved a 20 percent improvement in fuel efficiency. ii In 2009 alone, Union Pacific saved more than 40 million gallons of diesel fuel.iii Union pacific however quotes in its site that “Diesel consistently comes out on top as the fuel to most efficiently and effectively run Union Pacific's network.” iv Therefore we see a lot of innovation around this fuel rather than around newer and cleaner but yet to proved efficient sources of energy.

Technological innovation:

Union pacific innovates via engineering to come up with new and more eco friendly engines. The upcoming innovations are the Genset which is projected to reduce emissions of oxides of nitrogen by 80 percent and particulate matter by 90 percent, while using as much as 37 percent less fuel compared to current older switching locomotives through low emissions switch technology.v The Green Goat is another example of an eco friendly engine which works in the same way as hybrid automobiles i.e. engine runs on both diesel and electric motor. This engine is estimated to reduce emissions of oxides of nitrogen and particulate matter by up to 80 percent, and reduce fuel consumption by at least 16 percent.vi

In addition to Engine technology Union Pacific also reduces the particle emission problem associated with the use of Diesel by using a particulate filter which tests show reduces 75 percent of the particulate matter.vii

Operational efficiency:

Some key initiatives taken by Union Pacific to improve its operations and make it more sustainable areviii:

Reducing friction between wheels and rails by using cutting edge lubrication techniques. Improving aerodynamics of locomotives in order to reduce drag. Efficient distribution of power, thereby reducing average power consumption. Timely execution of maintenance activities such automatic fuel-nozzle shutoffs to prevent overflows, drip

pans to catch spills, separators to recover oil from industrial wastewater, tank gauges and alarms.

Future Goals:

By 2007, UP reduced overall emissions significantly from year 2000 levels and aims to Particulate Matter emissions by an average of 50 percent as early as 2010, 65 percent by 2015 and 80 percent by 2020. ix

Goodrich

Goodrich Corporation, a Fortune 500 company, is a leading global supplier of systems and services to the aerospace and defense industry. Goodrich Corp. Space Flight Systems Division, which manufactures systems and components for space launch vehicles and satellites.

The fundamental approach Goodrich has to sustainability is to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions and in effect helping their customers achieve a sustainable supply chain. Goodrich relies completely on technological innovation to meet its sustainability objectives.

Notable technological innovations are:

Recycle carbon waste: Goodrich devised a method to convert the scrap carbon disk aircraft brakes, which would ordinarily would have been scrapped as waste, into raw material which is used in the production of steel. As a result of this innovation in manufacturing process Good rich has been able to recycle more than 208 tons of post-consumer carbon disks thereby dramatically decreasing its carbon footprint.x

Component weight: Recognizing that fuel burn is directly related to weight of the components. Goodrich has found innovative solutions to reduce component weight thereby reducing fuel burn and its attendant emissions.xi

Fuel Burn optimization: Goodrich in collaboration with Rolls Royce is developing Lean burn technology which reduces emissions and increases efficiency. Goodrich's lean burn research and development program focuses on advanced combustion fuel nozzles which is slated to reduce emissions on the currently under development aircraftsxii. Lean burn technology is also set to significantly reduce nitrogen oxide emissions, a sizable pollutant in areas near airports.

Goodrich also strives to reduce noise pollution which has been a perennial problem associated with aviation. Sound engineers at Goodrich reduce noise pollution levels by innovating using various techniques such as dispersion, dampening, absorption and frequency changexiii

Future goals:

In the future Goodrich is developing engines that emit 20 percent less carbon dioxide and 80 percent less nitrogen oxide, and reduce noise by 18 decibels.xiv

Schneider National

The cornerstone of Schneider National’s sustainability strategy is to achieve operational efficiency through technological innovation.

A few key initiatives that Schneider has taken to ensure that they meet their future goals are:

Employee training: Training employees about how to get the best mileage out of their trucks is something that Schneider believes is the most important factor in helping them better their fuel efficiency. In order to help with this training Schneider uses Driving simulators which has a dual advantage of both saving fuel via better training

and fuel saved by reducing the number of miles that training trucks have to spend on the road. The company estimates that using simulators saves them about 1 million gals. of fuel a year by replacing as many as 300 training trucks on the road at any given time.xv

Technology: Usage of tools such as speed limiters to keep the trucks at the optimal mileage speed, in truck communication which facilitates better routing and a fuel optimization software program which instructs the drivers on specifics such as where the nearest gas station is and how much gas to fill. xvi

Strategic Partnerships: Schneider partnered with Goodyear to use tires which are a generation ahead of current industry standards. Additionally Schneider also uses partnerships with other companies through which they have been able to utilize cutting edge technological breakthroughs in wheel cover technology which helped them save about 1% of fuel costs in tractors and trailers.xvii

Thanks to all these initiatives, Schneider has saved almost 49 million gallons of fuel per year, while reducing the fleet's particulate emissions by some 352.61 tons per year and nitrogen emissions by 10,226 tons. xviii That represents a more than 80% reduction since 1988.The chart below shows Schneider’s performance for the past two decadesxix.

Schneider also partners with the Voluntary Inter industry Commerce Solutions (VICS) Assn. program called “Empty Miles Service”. The program addresses issues of trucks running empty after delivery by tagging various companies together, effectively reducing the number of trucks on the road. It is reported that Schneider through this program saved 5,554 gals. of fuel and eliminating 61.65 tons of carbon dioxide, 147.24 tons of particulate matter and 1.47 tons of nitrogen oxide while increasing dedicated backhaul revenues on specific accounts by 25%xx.

Balfour Beatty

Balfour Beatty is a global infrastructure firm. The company is vertically integrated, offering services from conception to design and through construction, operation, and maintenance. Of its revenue, 31% stems from transportation projects: 13% roadways, 16% rail, 2% aviation, 5% defense, and 9% other markets. The company is a global operative and is well known in the United States for its recent purchase of Parson Brinckerhoff.

Balfour Beatty launched an official sustainability plan in October 2009 with the goal of becoming the industry leader in this field. The sustainability effort is led by an internal sustainability “working group,” though it is audited every year by an external auditing firm. The sustainability plan has seven key areas including:

Risk Management Safety and Health Environment Human Rights Equal Opportunities Sustainability Ethics and Competitive Behavior

A key aspect of Balfour Beatty’s sustainability initiative is green construction. This involves green roofs, natural lighting, recycled material, and “green power” (i.e. wind/solar). In addition to this, the company works with its clients to ensure that a portion of each project is reserved for vegetation, trees, and plants. Internally, Balfour Beatty designs its offices to meet LEED certification. For instance, the Denver office has qualified for LEED silver

certification by using natural lighting, recycled wood for stairways, recycled carpet, etc. The company also works tirelessly to recycle waste. In 2009, Balfour Beatty generated 3.9 million tons of waste. Of this, some 79% was recycled. Similarly, the company aims to use more recycled material for construction use, with a target of 25% of all major material by 2012. They have also expressed a goal of reducing water usage 10% by the year 2012. Finally, they plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 10% by 2012. These metrics will be increased gradually from 2012 through 2020, when the vision for sustainability is set to be achieved. For a full disclosure of their sustainability vision, please refer to the company’s website.

“Annual Report and Accounts 2009.” Balfour Beatty. 2010. Web. 22 Apr. 2010. <http://annualreport09.balfourbeatty.com/>.

“Making our Success Sustainable.” Balfour Beatty. 2010. Web. 22 Apr. 2010. <http://annualreport09.balfourbeatty.com/sustainability/sustainability.html>.

David Evans and Associates, Inc.

David Evans and Associates, Inc. is a private civil engineering firm that specializes in transportation, land development, energy, and water resources. The company has been an industry leader in environment and sustainability measures since its founding in 1976. As part of the company’s core purpose, the word sustainability has two meanings. First, to maintain its employee base as the company has an unusually high employee turnover for its size. Second, to demonstrate stewardship of the built and natural environments.

Shortly after 2002, DEA developed its first sustainability plan, which included provisions for internal sustainability. Some of these included using recycled paper through offices for printing, offsetting firm energy usage via Green Tags, purchasing hybrid vehicles for its fleet, and closing offices every other Friday to conserve energy and emissions. To this end, the company has also deployed sustainability committees in each of its 20 offices. The committees are in charge of communicating sustainability initiatives, brainstorming new initiatives, and creating non-billable hours for “green” initiatives. Commuting is widely encouraged for all DEA employees so as to reduce their carbon footprint. The company also sponsors and encourages employees to gain LEED certification. In 2009, DEA was named the 17th Greenest Company to work for in the state of Oregon by Oregon Business Magazine.

Externally, the company works to incorporate sustainability where possible. It provides LEED certification for new building projects nationwide and has 28 LEED accredited individuals on staff. In terms of transportation, the company develops greenstreets, smartstreets, and carbon/GHG management plans for transportation projects. DEA is currently researching the use of low emission concrete for use in bridge and roadway construction.

“Stewardship.” David Evans and Associates, Inc., 2010. Web. 22 Apr. 2010. <http://208.112.52.165/stewardship.aspx>.

Delphi

Delphi is a public manufacturer of automotive parts. Some of its customers include: Honda, GM, Ford, Fiat, Volvo, Volkswagen, Mercedes-Benz, Cummins, John Deere, and more.

Delphi strives to be a good corporate citizen around the globe. Whether it's building homes with Habitat for Humanity International, providing employee reading tutors to local middle schools, or training a Leader Dog whose assistance will allow a student to continue her college education, Delphi fuels community spirit daily.

As part of its sustainability efforts, Delphi strives to minimize waste, reduce emissions, and encourage sustainability from its suppliers. The company has specific metrics that it applies on a global basis. If the country of operation has lesser metrics, Delphi’s standards are applied; otherwise the regulations of the local government apply. Delphi dedicates staff to measuring the environmental consequences of its operating process. These employees are tasked with analyzing every step in the operating cycle, proposing more efficient alternatives and implementing them to meet environmental standards. Recycling is a major part of this initiative as the manufacturing process naturally requires waste buildup. To this end, the company recycles a large percentage of manufacturing waste by collecting it and sending it back to suppliers, who use the waste to generate new product. In this way, the company not only minimizes the negative environmental impacts of its manufacturing process but also saves money. Concerning its suppliers, Delphi holds them to the same standards that it employs internally.

In terms of green products, Delphi collaborates with its many manufacturing facilities to design parts for “green” vehicles. This includes the use of ethanol, flex fuel, and electric vehicles. Furthermore, the company is striving to make products that are built from recyclable material so that, in the future, vehicle parts will represent a smaller percentage of landfill use. Finally, the company is working towards lower emissions standards by using innovation to design more efficient parts.

“Sustainabilty & Social Responsibility – Overview of Delphi Corporation.” Delphi. Feb. 2010. Microsoft PowerPoint file.

“Green Technologies Enhance Fuel Economy, Emissions Control.” Delphi. 2010. Web. 22 Apr. 2010. <http://delphi.com/news/featureStories/fs_2010_04_22_001/>.

EADS

Founded seven years ago and now a world leader in the field of aeronautics, defense and space, the European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company (EADS) is at the head of some of the greatest European achievements including Airbus, Ariane, Eurofighter, and

Eurocopter. A driving force behind their rapid success is its shared values of integrity, social, and ethical responsibility. EADS’s corporate social responsibility strategy strives for a sustainable balance between economic performance, consideration of stakeholders’ interests, and respect for the environment. In order to achieve this balance, the Group focuses on three core goals:

moving towards eco-efficiency and becoming a front-runner in developing the most advanced green technologies;

delivering value through developing fruitful relationships with stakeholders, with the aim of being a responsible and sought-after partner; and

sustaining economic performance while promoting benchmark ethical standards.xxi

The aerospace industry currently supports more than 15 million jobs worldwide and transports over 2.5 billion passengers and approximately 50 million tons of freight each year. EADS believes that making the transition to a low-carbon economy can only be achieved if environmental progress brings economic benefit for companies and societies. The company quotes “eco-efficiency is about doing more with less”. The company’s long-term strategy, known as “Vision 2020” focuses on achieving eco-efficiency and opening the door for innovation and sustainable growth.

Several examples of the many steps taken by EADS towards achieving their sustainability goals through the Vision 2020 initiative include dedicating 80% of their R&D spending on airplanes and helicopters to addressing environmental issues, reducing airline fuel consumption, noise, and CO2 and NOx emissions, and increasing recyclability of their products.

EADS’s Airbus has subscribed to the ACARE (Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe) vision and plans on reducing CO2 emissions by 50% by 2020, and also plans to reduce aircraft noise levels by 50% and NOx emissions by 80%xxii. Their A380 model is currently the world’s most eco-efficient airliner. In June 2009, the subsidiary became a full member of the SESAR Joint Undertaking, a unique private-public partnership to modernize air traffic management. Additionally, along with Eurocopter, Airbus is also looking at the recyclability of its helicopters and hazardous material used during production. Within EADS’s PAMELA project, over 85% of the components of their narrow-body aircrafts will be reused or recycledxxiii.

Facilitated by their sustainability initiatives, Airbus has become the first large scale aerospace company to receive the ISO 14001 certification covering its European sites its product-related activities throughout their life cycle. The ISO 14001 standard provides requirements for environmental management systems. Obtaining this certification signifies Airbus’s ability to control the environmental impact of its activities, products or services, improve its environmental performance continually, and its ability to implement a systematic approach to setting environmental objectives and targets, achieving these targets, and finally demonstrating that they have been achieved. Airbus is currently working towards extending certification to cover activities in China and the United States as well.

Aside from eco-efficiency, EADS’s main focus within corporate social responsibility is their ability to meet their customer requirements for competitive, cost effective, and innovative technology. In order to achieve this, the company embraces sustainability in the three areas of product quality and customer satisfaction, innovation and protection, and superior supplier managementxxiv.

CSX

  CSX Corporation, a large cap ($22.5 billion) Transportation Company with a rail network in North America, connecting customers to ports, production and distribution centers. As of December 2009, the company operates approximately 21,000 route mile rail network and a fleet of 216,00 freight cars in 23 states in the eastern part of United states and Canadian provinces. The Intermodal segment of the company operates a network of intermodal facilities and provides rail and truck transportation services. Other activities the company engages in is leasing, acquisition, sale and management and development of real estate.

"Safety and the protection of human health and the environment are fundamental to CSX's management principles and good business practices."

- Michael J. Ward, Chairman, President and CEO Fuel Efficiency

Rail transportation provides a fuel efficient alternative to highway freight transportation. A single gallon of fuel provides three times more efficiency through rails than highway freight transportation. These efficiencies translate is fewer greenhouse gas emissions, only 2% of US gas emissions from sources of transportation are attributed to railroad freight transport.

Technological innovations have transformed the railroad industry to improve fuel efficiencies by 80% since 1980s. Online Carbon Calculator provides clear comparison of carbon footprint savings among various transportation methods and emissions savings by shipping through rail.

Some of the actions CSX takes to be sustainable:

Investing into future: The company invested $1 billion to upgrade its fleet with efficient “clean air” locomotives to meet latest EPA CO2 requirements.

Technology upgrades: by 2009 an upgrade of 1200 locomotives to reduce emissions and consumption. The global impact of the change will be 10 million gallons of saved, enough energy to power 11,000 homes for a year.

Process Improvement: reduction of idling through implementation of locomotive shutdown systems and an Auxiliary Power Unit reducing nitrogen oxide emissions, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and particulate matter.

Environmental Management System

CSX has an Environmental Management System to implement its environmental objectivesIt provides framework of practices complainant with regulatory environment and serves as a guide to CSX’s environmental actions.

Some of other Environmental Stewardship Business practices include:

Recycling – CSX makes purchasing decisions with the zero waste goal in mind with regards to packaging, freight and waste. Suppliers are encouraged to use recyclable containers. The company recycles steel, batteries, oil, crossties and converts land corridors into trails.

Water Conservation – the company is committed to conserving and protecting water recourses through storm water management, ground water management, waste water treatment. CSX uses independent labs to test all water discharged from its facilities.

CSX is recipient of the 2007 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) SmartWay Excellence Award for its contributions to environmental protection. The company is also rated as 86.9% Corporate Governance Quotient (CGQ®) among S&P 500 companies.

http://www.csx.com/?fuseaction=about.environment

Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation

Burlington Northern Santa Fe Corporation (BNSF) and its subsidiary BNSF Railway is the one of the largest rail transport company in the US with presence in 28 states in the West, Midwest, and Sunbelt regions as well as Canada and a rail network of 32,000 miles. The company transports consumer and industrial products such as containerized freight and automotive products as well as construction and industrial materials. The company became a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. on February 12, 2010

“At BNSF, we believe it is good business and good citizenship to minimize our impact on the planet, and contribute to the long-term sustainability of every community we serve. Railroads are by far the most environmentally friendly mode of surface transportation, and BNSF is a leader in the rail industry for the protection of our air, land and water. “

http://www.bnsf.com/communities/environmental/

BNSF has been implementing current green technologies and testing new ones through:

Retrofitting of older locomotives: Since 2002 until 2007 the company retrofitted 2300 older locomotives based on EPA’s Clean Air Act. NOx emissions on the retrofitted units were reduced by 33% Newly “high horsepower locomotives” have been retrofitted reducing its emissions by 50%

GenSet locomotives: the company is piloting 48 low horse power and low emissions locomotives. The potential savings are 80-90% reduction in emissions and 15% fuel efficiency.

Natural-gas hostler trucks: in 2007 piloted “low-emissions, natural-gas hostler trucks” for the use of transportation of containers within its Los Angeles Hobart Intermodal facility and terminal. This substitution saves over 90% in emissions over standard diesel tractors.

Green technology research: o BNSF committed $2.5 million to research on “high-performance diesel particulate filter”

to “remove particulate matter from exhaust of diesel engines.”o BNSF is developing an experimental hydrogen fuel cell locomotive. The locomotive could

potentially reduce air pollution and reduce dependency on oil.

The company is committed to protecting endangered species, wildlife habitats and wetlands through:

Contributing to the habitat restoration of the “American Burying Beetle in Nebraska” Establishment of Great Northern Environmental Stewardship Area to protect wildlife of Glacier

National Park BNSF Foundation contributed $250,000 to The Nature Conservancy in the Kansas Tallgrass

Prairie National Preserve. BNSF committed a 55-acre wetlands wildlife sanctuary next to its intermodal hub in Stockton,

California

Other Environmental Stewardship Activities:

Improvements at the fueling and wastewater treatment facilities such as “triple containment liners with leak detection systems” to protect ground water at these facilities.

$7 million investment to improve impurities discharged to surface water resulting in 99% better compliance rating.

Green procurement programs – BNSF purchases recycled, non toxic energy efficient or sustainably produced products

Recycling products of operational byproducts such as batteries, oil filters as well as railcars and rail ties, etc.

Northrop Grumman

Comprised of approximately 120,000 employees worldwide, Northrop Grumman Corporation is a leading global security company that offers innovative solutions in aerospace, electronics, information systems, shipbuilding and technical services to government and commercial customers worldwide. The company drives sustainability by implementing their core values of taking responsibility for the quality they put forth, delivering customer satisfaction, demonstrating leadership as a company and as individuals, acting with integrity in all they do, valuing their people, and regarding their suppliers as essential team membersxxv. Their commitment to ethics, diversity and inclusion, the community and the environment helps them to achieve these values.

EthicsNorthrop Grumman strives to abide by the highest principles of integrity and concern for others and to conduct business in a way that reflects their “Standards of Business Conduct”. Their sense of ethics allows them to gain respect and sustainable support within their communities and help provide a competitive advantage in the marketplace.

Diversity & InclusionNamed among the 2010 DiversityInc Top 50 Companies for Diversity list, Northrop Grumman believes that valuing diversity and fostering inclusion is pivotal to achieving innovation and increased productivity and profitability. They are committed to leveraging their organizational diversity through teamwork, cross-functional collaboration and joint ventures to help meet and exceed their business goals and ensure sustainability as a leader within their industryxxvi.For a listing of Northrop Grumman’s diversity and inclusion programs please visit their Diversity & Inclusion Programs website.

The CommunityNorthrop Grumman values “Corporate Citizenship” and its staff in order to help design and implement solutions and strategies to help transform and empower the communities around them. Through philanthropy, education outreach, and employee volunteerism they have maintained a strong commitment to programs that improve education and human services, promote cultural awareness and diversity, and support our troops and veterans.

For a complete list of their Community Partnerships Newsletter issues please visit Corporate Citizenship - In The News website.

The EnvironmentNorthrop Grumman aligns their business with sustainability practices and aim to become a more sustainable business by measuring impact; encouraging conservation at home, in the workplace and in the community; and supporting environmentally friendly businesses and initiatives.

Their Environmental, Health & Safety (EHS) organization ensures their business activities are conducted in an environmentally responsible manner and focuses on preserving natural resources and minimizing adverse impacts on the environment.

The Northrop Grumman Foundation “Earthwatch Educator Program” gives teachers the chance to work alongside field researchers and learn first-hand about climate change and ocean preservation. The company has also established a pilot program for greeNG Employee Resource Groups, which allow employees to actively contribute to the implementation of greeNG, a broad enterprise initiative that renews the company’s commitment to enhancing the environmentxxvii.

For a complete list of recent environmental recognitions please visit their Environmental Recognition website.

Raytheon

Corporate Objective: Aspiring to be the most admired defense and aerospace systems supplier through world-class people and technology.

A technological and innovative leader in the defense, homeland security and the government sector industry, Raytheon provides state-of-the-art electronics, mission systems integration and other services including sensing; effects; and command, control, communications and intelligence systems, as well as a broad range of mission support services. In 2009 the company had $25 billion in sales and employed 75,000 people worldwide.

SustainabilityRaytheon’s sustainable efforts are focused on environmental best practices. The company operates their facilities and efficiently produces their products in order to reduce environmental impact, including eliminating reuse and waste recycling.

In 2009, Raytheon focused their sustainability efforts on energy conservation and waste reduction. Roughly 90% of Raytheon’s greenhouse gas emissions are directly associated with the company’s energy consumption. As a result, Raytheon has taken steps to reduce energy usage through increased conservation, better management and efficiency and working with renewable sources of energy.

A charter member of the U.S. EPA’s Climate Leadership program, Raytheon reduced their revenue normalized emissions output by 38% from 2002-2008. The company approaches their energy reduction through two avenues:

Encouraging their employees to become qualified as Energy Citizens. In 2008 28% of all employees (21,000) qualified.

Using waste minimizing strategies in corporate and production processes. In 2008, 59% of total waste (more than 11,000 tons) was recycled.

Sources:About Raytheon: http://www.raytheon.com/ourcompany/Sustainability Initiatives: http://www.raytheon.com/newsroom/feature/rtn09_sustnlnch/

General Dynamics

A market leader in the aerospace and defense industry, General Dynamics provides products and services in four segments (Aerospace, Combat Systems, Marine Systems and Information Systems and Technology) to U.S. and allied national security services, defense and intelligences communities, and select commercial organizations. In 2009 the company had $31.9 billion in sales and employed more than 92,000 people worldwide.

Environmental SustainabilityGeneral Dynamics strives to be a leader in preserving the environment and works to improve their business practices accordingly. The company uses the following approaches to achieve help achieve this goal, General Dynamics: Complies with all applicable environmental laws in a manner that protects the health and

safety of their employees, the surrounding community and the global environment. Promotes pollution prevention efforts and proactively works to reduce the use of natural

resources. Undertakes comprehensive facility and program environmental reviews Incorporates environmental consideration into business planning and decisions Creates a workplace environment where employees are able to take personal responsibility

for environmental protection Works with customers to ensure environmental impacts are minimized and reduction goals

are achieved Maintains a management system on the subsidiary level that ensure environmental

regulations are met.

Sustainable Business Operations:Two office buildings in General Dynamics Scottsdale, Arizona campus have been certified by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) in their Leadership in Energy and Environmentally Design (LEED) program. In 2005 a 700,000 square foot office building was LEED certified in the existing building category. In 2009 an 850,000-square-foot General Dynamics Building was the first of its size to be certified as an Existing Building/Operations Maintenance designation.

Sustainable Product Development: In 2009 General Dynamics was awarded an $18.5 million contract by the U.S. Air Force to create a “green technology” jet engine. The engine will be designed and constructed with components that do not corrode, do not use or release hazardous materials and operate with minimal air emissions and noise impacts.

Sources:

About General Dynamics: http://www.generaldynamics.com/overview/brochures/GD%20capabilities_revised%206.17.09.pdfSustainability:http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=85778&p=irol-corporate_sustainability4_enviroGreen Jet: http://www.bizjournals.com/dayton/stories/2009/01/19/daily63.htmlLEED® Building: http://www.gdc4s.com/news/detail.cfm?prid=345

Alliant Techsystems

Alliant Techsystems is a premier aerospace and defense company that focuses on enhancing existing products and developing cost sensitive solutions for defense companies. Alliant employees more than 18,000 people around the world and had sales of $4.6 billion in 2009.

Environmental Stewardship:Alliance Techsystems uses environmentally responsible methods to produce their products and services. From strategic planning of air, land and water resources to providing a safe and healthy workplace each Alliance operating level uses a 10 point objective system in their operational structure:

Periodic operations and strategic plan examinations that ensure proper environmental actions are being taken.

Ensure that sound environmental practices are considered in business decisions. To create quantifiable goals for sustainable practices and ensure that levels of

accountability exist To constantly improve current environmental performances through effective

environmental management systems. To ensure compliance with environmental laws and regulations and internal

environmental practices. Periodic reviews of operating facilities to ensure environmental compliance and that

effective environmental management system operating are in place. To execute programs including: pollution prevention, energy conservation and

greenhouse gas emission reduction programs. To ensure proper employee regarding personal and environmental health protection. To help develop industry leading internal environmental regulations and guidelines. To serve as a liaison with government agencies, industry organizations and the greater

community regarding environmental issues and to promote positive programs in response to past issues regarding hazardous material handlings and disposal practices.

Sources:About: http://www.atk.com/corporateoverview/corpover_about_us.aspEnvironmental Stewardship: http://www.atk.com/Values/values_values10objectives.asp

Tesla Motors

Tesla Motors, a clean technology startup, founded in 2003, develops and markets high end electric cars. Its most know car, Tesla Roadster is a fully electric vehicle rechargeable from an outlet through lithium-ion batteries. The company filed its IPO in January 2010. Daimler took at 10% stake in the company following collaboration between Tesla and Daimler on electric smart car. Currently part of that stake is owned by Aabar Investments of Abu Dhabi.The company played a large role reviving the electric car through an alternative approach by producing a high end, well engineered electric roadster.

With introduction of its product Tesla supports reduction of dependence on foreign oil by using coal, solar, hydro, wind and nuclear sourced electricity to power its product. Tesla encourages its customers concerned with using 100% renewable energy to utilize self installed solar panels to recharge its vehicles.

Tesla Motors recycles batteries of all its vehicles, which is built into the price of the vehicle. Its customers can utilize the $7500 tax credit for a zero emissions vehicles.

http://www.teslamotors.com/learn_more/faqs.php

http://news.cnet.com/8301-11128_3-9923092-54.html

Hoovers

References

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