locke vs hobbes – on the role of government thomas hobbes 1588 – 1678 england john locke 1632 -...
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LOCKE VS HOBBES –
ON THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT
Thomas Hobbes
1588 – 1678
England
John Locke
1632 - 1704
England
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LOCKE VS HOBBES
B OOK
Two Treatises on Government (1690)
Leviathan (1651)
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LOCKE VS HOBBES
MOTIV ATI ON
The Glorious Revolution (bloodless)
A positive version of Hobbes
Wrote to justify the Glorious Revolution
Justify removal of James II
Depressed about the beheading of Charles I in the English Civil War (1649)
He speculated about the nature of government and man
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LOCKE VS HOBBES H UMANS
ARE
BORN
With a “clean slate”
Free and equal with 3 natural rights: (from God)
Life, Liberty, Property
(influences Jefferson)
Selfish –
Humans are motivated by self- interest and the quest for power
Natural law is kill or be killed
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LOCKE VS HOBBES FAMOUS
QUOTE
“All mankind... being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty or possessions.”
“Without government, life would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”
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LOCKE VS HOBBES
ROLE
OF
GOVT
Government exists by consent of the governed
People agree to be governed if government protects 3 natural rights
People can break the contract (revolt) if gov’t violates rights.
Humans need an absolute monarchy to keep order