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Commercial Lobster Fishery Profile

Gulf Region

Policy and Economics BranchGulf Region

Department of Fisheries and OceansMoncton, New Brunswick

November 2001


Policy and Economics Branch, Gulf Region

Table of Contents

Page

List of Figures and Tables............................................................................................... ii

List of Appendices ........................................................................................................... iii

Background .......................................................................................................................1

Description of the Lobster Fishery.................................................................................3

Aboriginal Fisheries..........................................................................................................5

Description of Major Management Measures ..............................................................7

Landings.............................................................................................................................8

Price Information.............................................................................................................11

Financial Information for a Typical Fishing Enterprise .............................................13

Production Information...................................................................................................14

General Market Information..........................................................................................17

Conclusion.......................................................................................................................21


Page ii Policy and Economics Branch, Gulf Region

List of Figures and Tables

Page

Figure 1: Historical Landings, Gulf Region (1892-2000p)..........................................1

Figure 2: Landings by Species, Gulf Region (2000p).................................................2

Figure 3: Atlantic Landings of American Lobster (1984-1999)..................................8

Figure 4: Lobster Landings by Fishing Area (1990-2000p) .......................................9

Figure 5: Volume and Value of Lobster Landings, Gulf Region (1984-2000p) ....10

Figure 6: Lobster Landings Evolution by category (canner and market)...............11

Figure 7: Lobster Prices, Gulf Region (1984-2000p)................................................12

Figure 8: Production by Product Type, Gulf Region (1997).....................................15

Figure 9: Lobster Production Value, by Gulf Region Area (1987-1997)................16

Figure 10: American Lobster Landings (1986-1999) ................................................17

Figure 11: Lobster Exports by Canada (1992-2000) ................................................18

Figure 12: Lobster Exports by Nova Scotia (1992-2000).........................................19

Figure 13: Lobster Exports by New Brunswick (1992-2000)...................................19

Figure 14: Lobster Exports by Prince Edward Island (1992-2000).........................20

Table 1: Number of Lobster Licences Issued by Fishing Area .................................3

Table 2: Age Structure of Core Fishers in the Gulf Region, 1998............................4

Table 3: Location of Aboriginal First Nations by Statistical District ..........................5

Table 4: Number of Lobster Licenses by First Nations ..............................................6

Table 5: Trap Limits and Carapace Size, 2001 ...........................................................7

Table 6: Average Financial Performance ...................................................................13

Table 7: Number of Plants and Employees (2000)...................................................14


Policy and Economics Branch, Gulf Region Page iii

List of Appendices

Appendix 1: Map of Lobster Fishing Areas

Appendix 2: Number of Lobster Fishing Licences Issued by Statistical

District

Appendix 3: Number of Licences Issued by Species

Appendix 4: Map of Gulf Region First Nations

Appendix 5: American Lobster Landings by Management Region

Appendix 6: American Lobster Landings, Gulf Region

Appendix 7: Volume of Lobster Landings by Category and Area in %

Appendix 8: Landed Lobster Prices, Gulf Region

Appendix 9: Average Financial Performance of Lobster Fishers

Appendix 10.a: Volume of Lobster Production, Gulf Region

Appendix 10.b: Value of Lobster Production, Gulf Region

Appendix 11.a: Volume of Lobster Production, Gulf Nova Scotia

Appendix 11.b: Value of Lobster Production, Gulf Nova Scotia

Appendix 12.a: Volume of Lobster Production, Gulf New Brunswick

Appendix 12.b: Value of Lobster Production, Gulf New Brusnwick

Appendix 13.a: Volume of Lobster Production, Prince Edward Island

Appendix 13.b: Value of Lobster Production, Prince Edward Island

Appendix 14: American Lobster Landings

Appendix 15: Lobster Exports by Province

Appendix 16: Lobster Exports by Nova Scotia

Appendix 17: Lobster Exports by New Brunswick

Appendix 18: Lobster Exports by Prince Edward Island


Policy and Economics Branch, Gulf Region Page 1

Profile of the Gulf Region Lobster Fishery

Background

The American Lobster (Homarus americanus) fishing industry is the singlemost important source of revenue for thousands of fishers in the MaritimeProvinces. Lobster falls into the shellfish and crustaceans category, and most ofthese species are sold as luxury products, primarily to the restaurant sector.Lobster is the predominant crustacean species in this category.

The habitat of American Lobster extends along the Atlantic coast fromNorth Carolina to Labrador. In Canadian waters, lobsters may be fished in deepwaters (i.e.: Georges Bank) but the most important concentrations are generallyobserved within 20 km of shore. In the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, lobstersare found in depths ranging from 1 to 40 meters.

The commercial lobster fishery started in the mid-19th century. Towardsthe end of the 19th century, major landings of lobster were recorded in thesouthern Gulf of St. Lawrence.

Figure 1

Historical Lobster Landings (M.T.) Gulf Region, 1892-2000p

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

1892 1898 1904 1910 1916 1922 1928 1934 1940 1946 1952 1958 1964 1970 1976 1982 1988 1994 2000p

Lan

din

gs

(M.T

.)


Page 2 Policy and Economics Branch, Gulf Region

After a steady increase in the fishing effort with years of good catches,landings underwent a decline in the early 20th century. Annual landings, whichwere at about 15,000 t in 1895 in the Gulf Region, fluctuated between 6,000 tand 12,000 t from 1918 to 1980. There was a new surge in landings in thesouthern Gulf of St. Lawrence in the early 1980s. Figure 1 on the previous pageshows historical landings in the Gulf Region from 1892 to 2000p.

When compared to fisheries for other species, the lobster fishery is themost important in terms of value in the Gulf Region, with landings valued at $182million in 2000p. Figure 2 (below) shows that, in value terms, lobster accountsfor 51% of total landings in the Gulf Region. Snow crab is second, with 26% oflandings. The category of pelagic and estuary species is also significant in termsof landed value. In this category, herring is the most important with landingsvalued at $14 million in 2000p. Groundfish only represent 2% of the total valueof landings.

Figure 2

Landings by species Gulf Region ($000)

2000p

Snow Crab26%

(90,271)

Other Molluscs & Crustaceans

14%(50,564)

Groundfish2%

(6,524)

Pelagic & Estuarial7%

(25,630)

Lobster51%

(182,300)



Description of the Lobster Fishery

The lobster fishery in the Gulf Fisheries Region is divided into five distinctareas, i.e.: areas 23, 24, 25, 26A, and 26B. In addition, the Gulf Region alsocompiles landings for district 1 of Area 27 off northern Cape Breton. The map inAppendix 1 indicates the location of these fishing areas.

Area 23: Chaleur Bay to Baie-Sainte-AnneArea 24: Northern Prince Edward IslandArea 25: Southeastern N.B., Western Prince Edward Island and District 45 (N.S.)Area 26A: Southern Prince Edward Island and the Northumberland shore of N.S.Area 26B: Canso and Western Cape BretonArea 27: District 1

The lobster fishing industry in the Gulf Region consisted of 3,226 licenceholders in 2000. For more details on the distribution of lobster licences in thevarious districts, refer to Appendix 2. In total in the Gulf Region, there were28,601 licences in 2000, with lobster licences representing 11.3% of that total(see Appendix 3 for more information on the number of licences per species).Table 1 below represents the number of lobster licences by fishing area.

Table 1

NUMBER OF FISHING LICENCES ISSUED

By Fishing Area

2000Category A Category B Partnerships

23 689 42 3*

24 614 4 1

25 810 11 1

26A 740 13 0

26B 242 10 0

27 (District 1) 45 0 1

Total 3,140 80 6Category A: Licence holder may use the maximum number of traps in the LFACategory B: Licence holder may use 33% of the maximum number of traps authorized in theLFA.Partnerships: Two Category A licence holders may fish from the same vessel, with 150% of thenumber of traps authorized in the LFA.* There’s one Partnership type “B” licence in LFA 23. This licence is a partnership between twoCategory B fishers.



What follows provides information about the characteristics of the fleet.The following data comes from a cost and earning study done in the spring of1999. The results show that the average vessel length was 39.6 feet and thevessels had an average age of about eleven years, with a mean constructiondate of 1989. It should be noted that this is a coastal fishery where fishers usevessels of less than 45 feet. The same study revealed that the average crew sizefor a commercial lobster fishing enterprise was 2.6 individuals, including thecaptain. This brings the total number of people participating in the harvest ofcommercial lobster to 8,600

We turn now to the age structure of the core fishers in the Gulf Region(Table 2). The age structure of the core fishers can be used since the lobsterlicence holders belong, for the most part, to this group. Table 2 shows that, thelargest number of fishers are in the 51 to 55 age category and represent 15.3%of the fishers, while the under 30 fishers only represent 9.1% of the total. One ofthe factors limiting the entry of young people in the fishery is the investmentrequired to purchase the fishing enterprise.

Table 2

Age Structure of the Core Fishers, 1998

Gulf Region

Prov. <20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-45 46-50 51-55 56-60 61-65 >65 Total

N.S. 3 14 43 86 97 103 94 108 79 43 26 696

N.B. 2 29 80 123 220 220 218 219 159 104 43 1,417

P.E.I. 7 44 98 173 218 197 204 207 120 65 39 1,372

Total 12 87 221 382 535 520 516 534 358 212 108 3,485

% 0.3 2.5 6.3 11.0 15.4 14.9 14.8 15.3 10.3 6.1 3.1 100.0

Given the relatively high average age of the licence holders, it is to beexpected that a substantial number of enterprise owners will be thinking ofretirement in the next decade. In 1997 and 1998, approximately 125 enterpriseowners transferred their licences. Almost a quarter of these transfers were fromfather to son. During the same period, the average age (using the median) offishers retiring from the industry was 58.



Aboriginal Fisheries

There are fourteen First Nations within the Gulf Region, which aredispersed as indicated on the map found in appendix 4. This map also indicatesthe current population for each reserve as well as its Chief. These First Nationsare located in the following statistical districts:

Table 3

First Nations DistrictBig Cove 76

Buctouche 77

Burnt Church 70

Madawaska Maliseet 61 (inland)

Eel Ground 72

Eel River 63

Indian Island 76

Pabineau 64 (inland)

Red Bank 72

Tobique 60 or 61 (inland)

Afton 13

Pictou Landing 12Lennox Island 93Abegweit 88

Concerning the size of the First Nations, lets start by mentioning that thereare 10 First Nations within the Gulf New Brunswick area, 2 in Prince EdwardIsland and 2 in the gulf Nova Scotia area. As for the population of thesereserves, the three which represent the most important populations are all withinNew Brunswick: Big Cove, Tobique and Burnt Church with a population of 2,410,1,756 and 1,333, respectively (DIAND, December 2000).

In regards to the number of permits held by the First Nations, it isimportant to distinguish the Communal Fishing Licenses for food, social andceremonial purposes from the Communal Commercial Fishing Licenses whichallow for the sale of lobster. The Sparrow decision had given the right to the FirstNations to fish lobster for food, social and ceremonial purposes.



However, with the Marshall Decision the First Nations were provided withan increased access to the commercial fishing. We must take note that evenbefore the Marshall Decision, some reserves already held CommunalCommercial Fishing Licenses. After that decision, Fisheries and Oceans hasimplemented a buy-back program to provide additional access for the aboriginalpeople. As of the lobster season 2001 these are the numbers of lobster licensesthat DFO has agreed to provide to the First Nation in the Gulf Region. We musttake note that as the Chief Federal Representative successfully concludesagreement, the number of licenses will increase.

Table 4

Band(1)Quota for Food, Social

and Ceremonialspurposes (lbs)

Number ofCommercial

LicensesLFA

Eel River Bar 27,840 6 23

Pabineau Commercial 2 23Burnt Church To be determined 17 23Red Bank* Commercial 2 25Eel Ground Commercial 4 25Big Cove 50,000 40 25Buctouche Commercial 3 25Indian Island 7,200 6 25

NBAPC(2)* Commercial 42-252-23

Lennox Island* 20,000 172-2515-24

Abegweit Commercial 5 3-242-26A

NCPEI(3)* 20,000 42-26A2-24

Afton Commercial 4 26A

Pictou Landing* Commercial 11 26A

Madawaska Maliseet To be determined - -

Tobique To be determined 2(4) 38

(1) The asterisk means that an agreement has been signed under Marshall Phase II as of October 102001.

(2) New Brunswick Aboriginal People Council(3) Native Council of Prince Edward Island(4) The First Nation of Tobique have one license which is under the management of Scotia-Fundy



Description of Major Management Measures

The lobster fishery is managed based on input controls instead of outputcontrols such as the TAC (total allowable catch) or the ITQ (individualtransferable quota). First of all, a cap was placed on the number of fishers in1976. Fishers also must follow regulations governing the minimum carapacesize and prohibiting the landing of egg-bearing females. There are restrictions onthe maximum number of traps and type and size of traps. Table 3 describes theminimum carapace size and the limits on the number of traps.

Table 5

TRAP LIMITS AND CARAPACE SIZE in 2001

LFA CARAPACE SIZE NUMBER OF TRAPS23 67.5 mm (2-21/32") 300

24 67.5 mm (2-21/32") 300

25 67.5 mm (2-21/32") 250

26A 67.5 mm (2-21/32") 300

26B 70 mm (2-3/4") 300

27 74.5 mm (2-30/32”) 275

Furthermore, licence holders must respect the duration of the lobsterfishing seasons, which are established in order to control the fishing effort. Thefishing seasons run from April 30 to June 30 for all the areas except for LFA 25and LFA 27. Adjustments are sometimes necessary at the start of the seasondue to ice conditions. The season in LFA 25 is from August 9 to October 10, butis sometimes varied in accordance with industry recommendations. The seasonin LFA 27 runs from May 15 to July 15. However, the Gulf Region is not involvedin managing Area 27 but only in licensing and supervising a few fishers from LFA27 (district 1), which otherwise is managed by Scotia-Fundy Fisheries.



Landings

Canada has the biggest American Lobster landings in the world. Thefigure below provides an overview of American Lobster landings in metric tons byfisheries management region for the Atlantic coast. In 1999, 53% of worldAmerican Lobster landings occurred in Canada.

Figure 3

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Atlantic Landings of American Lobster (M.T.) 1984-1999

GulfScotia-FundyNewfoundlandQuebec

It can be seen from Figure 3 that, in 1999, the Gulf Region accounted for39% of Canadian landings of American Lobster. On average from 1984 topresent, the Gulf Region has had 46.1% of Canadian lobster landings (seeAppendix 5 for details).



Landings for the last seventeen years in terms of volume and value byLobster Fishing Area for the Gulf Region are set out in Appendix 6. The followingfigure illustrates these data in terms of volume:

Figure 4

Lobster Landings by Fishing Area (M.T.) Gulf Region, 1990-2000p

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000p

Qua

ntity

(M

.T.)

area 23 area 24 area 25 area 26A area 26B dist. 1

These data indicate those, areas 23, 24 and 25 have, in general, thehighest landings, followed by the other areas. Only LFA 24 has had an increasein landings, which rose 13.2% from 1990 to 2000p. For the same period,landings in all the areas decreased, particularly area 26A and 25, which saw a37.3% and 33.3% drop in landings, respectively. Fortunately, the price increaseoffset the drop in landings. For more detail on this data, see Appendix 6.

Furthermore, at the start of this report, it was pointed out that landings inthe early 20th century were quite high and that levels were now similar.However, consideration must also be given to the fact that the fishing effort alsogreatly increased in the last century. For example, until the middle of the 20thcentury, there was little mechanization of the fishery; fishers raised their traps byhand and fished along the coast. Today, the fishery is carried out farther fromthe coast and most of the procedures have been mechanized. If harvestingmethods had not changed, we can assume that the volume of landings wouldprobably be much lower than is currently the case.



Figure 5 below provides an overview of the variations in landings in termsof volume and value for the Gulf Region since 1984.

Figure 5

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000p

54

7386

106 109 106

81

105

128116

140

169

140

153

168

188182

14 16 18 19 20 22 22 22 20 20 18 18 17 17 18 17 18

Lobster Landings EvolutionGulf Region 1984-2000p

Volume (' 000 m.t. ) Value (millions $)

The figure shows that landings in terms of volume peaked in the early1990s and have been steadily decreasing since then. Levels are currentlysimilar to those in the mid-1980s.

However, the landed value has risen significantly due to appreciable priceincreases in the last decade. The landed value went from $53.9 million in 1984to $182 million in 2000p, which is quite significant given the decrease in landingssince 1990.



Price Information

First, it should be noted that the market is divided into two grades or sizecategories: canner lobster and market lobster. Lobsters over 3 3/16" (marketlobster) represented, in 2000p, 31% of the total catch volume while cannersrepresented 69%. If these percentages are compared for the last eleven years,an increase is evident in the proportion of the total catch of market lobster, whichclimbed from 22% in 1990 to 31% in 2000p, versus the proportion of cannerlobster, which dropped from 78% in 1990 to 69% in 2000p (see Appendix 7).The following graph (figure 6) illustrates that trend.

Figure 6

Lobster Landings EvolutionBy Category (Canner and Market)

1990-2000p

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000p

canner market



As for the price of lobster (see Appendix 8 for data by LFA), Figure 7shows that the price has indeed increased since 1984, reaching $4.30 forcanners and $5.44 for markets in 2000p after having peaked in 1999 at $4.56 forcanner lobster and $5.70 for market lobster. Moreover, the average price paid tofishers for market lobster rose from $2.28 in 1990 to $5.70 in 1999, a priceincrease of 150%, while the average price obtained by fishers for canner lobsterrose from $1.47 in 1990 to $4.55 in 1999, a price increase of 209%. Thesignificant increase in landed value has offset declining landings.

Figure 7

Lobster Prices Gulf Region, 1984-2000p

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000p

Pri

ce (

$/lb

)

Canners Market



Financial Information for a Typical Fishing Enterprise

A cost and earning study on the average financial performance of thevarious lobster fleets was conducted in the spring of 1999 for areas 23, 25 and26A (Prince Edward Island fishers from areas 25 and 26A did not take part in thisstudy). For area 24, a cost and earning study was done in 1994 and the figureshave been adjusted to reflect the 1998 situation (see Appendix 9 for the completetable).

The following is an overview of the average financial performance of acoastal lobster fishing enterprise by area:

Table 6

Financial Data Area 23 Area 24 Area 25 Area 26A

Total revenue 56,877 85,650 47,985 59,463

Variable costs 8,910 7,060 8,113 8,030

Vessel maintenance and repair costs 2,443 1,527 1,651 2,361

Net fishing gear expenditures 3,560 2,891 2,151 3,138

Fixed costs 3,390 3,134 3,062 3,226

Financing costs (interest and capital) 6,896 8,454 6,214 5,304

Labour costs 14,997 13,485 11,040 10,666

Cash flow 16,680 49,099 15,754 26,737

Generally, coastal lobster fishing enterprises do not only hold lobsterlicences. They usually also have licences for several species such as herring,mackerel, and groundfish, and some enterprises also harvest such species asscallop, gaspereau, eel, smelt, mussels, oysters, and Irish moss. As a result, thetotal revenues indicated in the average financial performances include landedvalues for all the species landed by the coastal fishing enterprise and not onlylobster.

Variable costs include fuel, oil and grease, bait, ice, salt, food, docksidemonitoring, employment insurance, etc. These costs vary mainly according tothe number and duration of the fishing trips.

Vessel maintenance and repair costs include costs related to themaintenance and repair of the hull, deck equipment and electronic instruments.The net expenditures for fishing gear includes the cost of purchase and anyrepairs made to the gear.



The fixed costs are the costs borne by the enterprise regardless of thenumber of fishing trips taken. They include marine insurance, costs related to avehicle, storage and wharfage as well as various fees for union membership,accounting, registration, and licensing, etc.

Financing costs include interest and capital that the fishing enterprise haspaid to a financial institution or other entity. These costs are directly related tothe enterprise and do not include the fisher's personal loans.

Coastal lobster fishing enterprises have an average of 1.6 employees,excluding the owner. The labour costs represent the salary paid to theseemployees.

In conclusion, the cash flow is what the enterprise owner receives (beforetaxes) after deductions of all the costs related to the fishing enterprise

Production Information

Table 7 provides an overview of the number of lobster processing plantsand plant workers by province for 2000.

Table 7

Number of Plants and Employees2000

Province # of plants # of employees

Gulf Nova Scotia 11 686

Eastern New Brunswick 34 2,789

Prince Edward Island 26 1,735

Total 71 5,210

N.B.: These figures are taken from a plant survey done in the fall of 2000.Source: Policy and Economics Branch, Gulf Region, DFO, Moncton

The data in the above table are taken from a survey conducted in 2000.First of all, it should be kept in mind that the number of employees includes thoseworkers who have worked the entire year as well as those who have worked onlyfor a few weeks. There is a total of 71 lobster processing plants in the GulfRegion, employing about 5,210 workers. However many of which processlobster also process other fish species.



Lobsters are sold in various forms the majority being frozen whole, frozenmeat and canned meat. Figure 8 below shows that, in 1997, the production offrozen lobster was 78.2% of total lobster production in the Gulf Region. Frozenproduction is therefore the most important in terms of value, followed by freshand canned production. Frozen production has increased greatly in the lastdecade, compared to fresh production, which has remained relatively stable. Forexample, frozen production represented only 68.5% of total lobster production in1990. The value of canned production has decreased slightly since 1987. SeeAppendices 10 to 13 for tables showing the production by province for the GulfRegion in terms of volume and value for the period from 1987 to 1997 (it is to benoted that the 1998 production data was not available at the time of publishingthe current document). In 1997, the value of lobster production for the GulfRegion was $429 million, i.e., $27 million in Gulf Nova Scotia, $310 in Gulf NewBrunswick and $92 million in Prince Edward Island. Production value usuallycorresponds to double the landed value, which was $153 million in 1997. Itshould also be pointed out that processors also import lobster from the UnitedStates as primary supply.

Figure 8

Production by Product Type Gulf Region, 1997 (% of the value)

Fresh21.58%

Frozen78.18%

Canned0.24%



The most important products in terms of value are live lobster, lobstermeat, lobster tails (shells on or shelled) and lobster cooked in the shell. However,the products available in the marketplace are becoming increasingly diverse interms of presentation, format and packaging. For example, frozen productionincludes lobster paste, lobster pieces (claws, knuckles, body), lobster salad orminced lobster meat, blocks of fine meat, tomalley, etc. The processing plantsare therefore offering more variety of products and more value-added products.These new products must, however, be supported by full-scale marketing plansto find their market niche.

Figure 9 below shows that lobster production is highest in Eastern NewBrunswick, followed by Prince Edward Island and Gulf Nova Scotia. In addition,Eastern New Brunswick is the province where production has increased the mostbetween 1987 and 1997, while production remained relatively stable in the othertwo provinces. One of the reasons New Brunswick has a higher production isthat New Brunswick processors import considerable quantities of lobster from theUnited States and the other provinces.

Figure 9

Lobster Production Value By Gulf Region Area 1987-1997

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Val

ue

($00

0)

GULF NOVA SCOTIA AREA EASTERN NEW BRUNSWICK AREA PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND



For the Gulf Region as a whole, the value of frozen production is thehighest, a total of $336 million in 1997, compared to $93 million for freshproduction and $1 million for canned production. However, there is an exception:in Gulf Nova Scotia, the value of fresh production is much higher, reaching $27million in 1997, compared to frozen production which was only $407,000 in 1997.One of the reasons that may explain this situation is that Nova Scotia exports alarger quantity of its production as fresh lobster to the United States, because ofits proximity to the American market.

General Market Information

Canada and United States are the only countries that harvest Americanlobster. Canada has the highest landings of American Lobster, followed closelyby the United States, especially in recent years. In 1999, Canada landed 44,470metric tons of American Lobster, compared to 39,654 metric tons for the UnitedStates. Figure 10 illustrates the volume of landings of American Lobster inCanada and the United States. It clearly shows that landings in the United Stateshave increased considerably since 1986, while Canada is about at the samelevel today as in the mid-1980s. See Appendix 14 for more details on landings inmetric tons.

Figure 10

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

50,000

Vo

lum

e (M

.T.)

American Lobster Landings (M.T.) 1986-1999

United-States Canada



With regard to exports, tables in Appendices 15 to 18 show lobster exportsby province (not only the Gulf Region) and by primary country of destination for1992 to 2000. Figure 11 highlights American Lobster exports by Canada. Therehave been increases in exports since 1992, but the greatest increase has been inthe value of these exports, which corresponds with the price increases observedin this report. Canada had lobster exports worth $897 million in 2000, comparedto $386 million in 1992, an increase of 132% from 1992 to 2000. In 2000, 98% ofthe total value of Canadian exports of lobster came from the Maritimes.

Figure 11

Lobster Exports by Canada 1992-2000

-

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

45,000

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Vo

lum

e (M

.T.)

-

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

800,000

900,000

1,000,000

Val

ue

($00

0)Volume (in metric tons) Value (in thousand dollars)

Figures 12 to 14 show lobster exports by province to the main destinationcountries. In general, Nova Scotia has the highest exports of American Lobsterin Canada. In 2000, these exports were valued at $339 million. However, since1998, New Brunswick recorded a major increase in its lobster exports (62%between 1998 and 2000), whose value rose to $386 million in 2000.



Figure 12

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

Val

ue

($00

0)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Lobster Exports by Nova Scotia Value ($000) 1992-2000

United States Japan Belgium Others

Figure 13

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

Val

ue

($00

0)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Lobster Exports by New Brunswick Value ($000)

1992-2000

United States France Japan Others



Figure 14

-

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

Val

ue

($00

0)

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Lobster Exports by Prince Edward IslandValue ($000)1992-2000

United States France Germany Others

An analysis of the preceding figures clearly shows that the United Statesis the primary market in terms of value (and volume, see Appendices 16 to 18,for more detail) for the Maritime Provinces.

In terms of volume, in 2000, 85% of exports from the Maritimes wereshipped to the United States, followed by 2% to France, 3% to Belgium andJapan, respectively. In comparison, in 1992, 65% of exports from the Maritimeswent to the United States, 4% to France, 9% to Japan and 4% to Belgium.

As lobster is considered to be a luxury product, it is very sensitive toeconomic fluctuations. A slowdown in the economy of a specific markettranslates into a drop in demand. This has a negative impact on fishers andproducers. Similarly, fluctuations in the exchange rate of the American dollar vsthe Canadian dollar have significant repercussions, given that, in 2000, 85% ofexports from the Maritime Provinces were destined for the United States.Fluctuations in the euro and yen also have a serious impact. In an industry thatdepends greatly on foreign markets to sell its product, fluctuations in exchangerates can very quickly affect industry flexibility, both positively and negatively.

Given the importance of exports, it is also essential that the industry bevery familiar with consumer preferences in the various markets. Since



consumers do not necessarily have the same taste in products in all countries,the enterprises must have a marketing plan suitable for the targeted country andclosely monitor market trends.

The enterprises must also adapt to the economic changes we arecurrently experiencing, i.e. they have to deal with free trade and economicglobalization. In addition, they have to adopt the latest technologies, if possible,so they can compete as effectively as possible. All in all, globalization offers newopportunities for the industry, but also increases the level of competition and thenumber of trade regulations that have to be followed (e.g. packaging, format,product description, etc.).

Conclusion

The commercial lobster fishery is very important for the Gulf Region. It isthe single most important source of revenue for a significant percentage of GulfRegion fishers. As we have seen, lobster accounts for 51% of landings in termsof value for the Gulf Region as a whole. However, for lobster licence holders inthe Gulf Region, lobster represents approximately 78% of their total revenue,with other species such as herring, mackerel and scallops making up the rest.

The commercial lobster fishery is also very important for plant workers asover 5,200 individuals process lobster in the Gulf Region. Finally, the GulfRegion exports major quantities of lobster to international markets. Theseexports represent a major inflow of capital for the Gulf Region economy.

Appendices

2424

26A26A

26B26B

2525

23236464

6363

6565

6666

6767

6868

70707171

7373

7575

76767777

78788080

81814545

4646

1010 1111

12121313

33

22

9292

93939595 9696

8888

87878686

8585

8383

8282

1414

11

11

Lobster Fishings Areas in the Gulf RegionA

ppendix 1

Appendix 2

Class A Class B Partnerships

District 1 45 1 1 District 2 116 1 - District 3 120 9 - District 10 10 - - District 11 120 1 - District 12 43 6 - District 13 125 1 - District 14 6 - - District 45 33 2 - DIstrict 46 28 2 - District 63 13 6 - District 64 42 13 - District 65 88 21 1*District 66 214 - 2 District 67 66 - - District 68 62 - - District 70 87 - - District 71 2 1 - District 73 120 1 - District 75 204 - - District 76 103 - - District 77 73 4 - District 78 51 3 1 District 80 95 2 - District 82 156 - - District 83 52 - - District 85 20 - - District 86 29 - - District 87 293 1 - District 88 279 1 - District 92 275 1 1 District 93 63 3 - District 95 72 - - District 96 35 - - Total 3,140 80 6 * There’s one Partnership type “B” licence in district 65. This licence is a partnership between two Category B fishers.

Source: Licensing, DFO, Moncton

NUMBER OF LOBSTER FISHING LICENCESISSUED BY STATISTICAL DISTRICT

2000

Appendix 3

Specie Desc. Lic. Type Gulf N.S. Eastern N.B. PEI TOTALGroundfish Midshore - 2 - 2

Groundfish Offshore - 2 1 3

Groundfish ITQ 8 14 12 34

Groundfish Comp. 316 634 850 1,800

Herring Bait 486 525 1,027 2,038

Herring F/G - 2 4 6

Herring ITQ - 6 - 6

Herring Inshore 414 1,132 857 2,403

Mackerel Bait 398 201 962 1,561

Mackerel F/G 20 - - 20

Mackerel Inshore 610 1,212 1,258 3,080

Swordfish 190 - 164 354

Tuna, bluefin 124 95 353 572

Alewives/Gaspereau Bait 213 2 889 1,104

Alewives/Gaspereau F/G 1 - 1 2

Alewives/Gaspereau 100 131 21 252

Eel 148 180 713 1,041

Shad - 10 - 10

Smelts 174 649 338 1,161

Capelin - 2 - 2

Silversides 2 - 95 97

Bar Clams - 380 20 400

Soft Shell Clams - 675 13 688

Quahaugs - 126 9 135

Clams, Unspecified 125 1 1,535 1,661

Mussels 7 237 688 932

Oysters -American 206 1,695 1,022 2,923

Oysters - Relay - - 888 888

Scallops 129 234 393 756

Squid, Unspecified 341 4 245 590

Lobster Lobster Pound 9 9 26 44

Lobster Category A 646 1,220 1,274 3,140

Lobster Category B 23 51 6 80

Lobster Part. A 1 3 1 5

Lobster Part. B - 1 - 1

Shrimp Offshore - 1 - 1

Sh ITQ - 20 - 20

Crab, rock 43 35 48 126

Snow Crab ITQ - Part. - - 3 3

Snow Crab ITQ 142 77 24 243 Marine Plants 61 56 300 417

TOTAL 4,937 9,624 14,040 28,601

Source: Licensing, DFO, Moncton

NUMBER OF LICENCES ISSUED BY SPECIESFOR THE GULF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT REGION

2000

Appendix 4

Appendix 5

Quebec Newfoundland Scotia-Fundy Gulf Total

Volume (MT)1984 1,875 2,462 10,352 13,995 28,6841985 2,137 2,920 11,647 16,019 32,7231986 2,268 2,555 14,899 18,349 38,0711987 2,659 2,221 15,335 19,371 39,5861988 2,532 2,512 15,277 20,268 40,5891989 3,203 3,118 16,080 21,637 44,0381990 3,311 2,916 19,394 22,215 47,8361991 3,493 3,075 20,384 21,575 48,5271992 3,835 3,202 15,318 19,566 41,9211993 3,588 2,623 14,718 19,583 40,5121994 3,151 2,639 16,968 18,213 40,9711995 3,411 2,544 16,947 18,217 41,1191996 3,502 2,382 16,011 17,476 39,3711997 2,827 2,178 17,537 16,902 39,4441998 3,048 2,066 17,571 18,044 40,7291999 3,358 1,933 21,688 17,491 44,470

Value ($000)1984 9,357 13,798 75,785 53,891 152,8311985 11,433 17,787 90,590 73,411 193,2211986 13,569 15,479 126,822 86,416 242,2861987 18,349 15,244 143,405 106,063 283,0611988 17,179 14,270 124,475 109,227 265,1511989 18,797 17,933 123,580 105,667 265,9771990 13,346 12,700 125,173 80,948 232,1671991 18,502 15,940 139,366 105,398 279,2061992 26,396 21,171 141,336 128,176 317,0791993 25,030 18,332 135,600 115,835 294,7971994 25,491 20,765 164,298 139,953 350,5071995 35,350 24,591 190,942 168,656 419,5391996 33,335 21,297 186,763 139,990 381,3851997 29,232 22,644 196,993 153,326 402,1951998 29,491 19,515 222,352 168,404 439,7621999 37,527 19,257 295,744 188,222 540,750

Source: Policy and Economics Branch, DFO, Moncton

AMERICAN LOBSTER LANDINGSBY MANAGEMENT REGION

1984-1999

Appendix 6

area 23 area 24 area 25 area 26A area 26B dist. 1 Total

Volume (M.T.)1984 2,230 2,955 4,427 3,419 883 81 13,9951985 2,026 2,701 6,322 3,944 935 91 16,0191986 2,478 3,114 5,794 5,726 1,134 103 18,3491987 3,009 3,278 5,758 6,194 1,049 83 19,3711988 3,113 3,698 5,463 6,691 1,192 111 20,2681989 4,528 3,710 5,877 6,284 1,130 108 21,6371990 4,507 4,592 5,355 6,363 1,281 117 22,2151991 4,186 5,109 4,770 5,844 1,543 123 21,5751992 4,264 4,605 4,585 4,594 1,411 107 19,5661993 4,485 4,732 4,087 4,718 1,455 106 19,5831994 4,111 4,830 4,569 3,480 1,110 113 18,2131995 4,048 5,078 4,340 3,502 1,142 107 18,2171996 3,763 4,596 4,217 3,688 1,115 97 17,4761997 3,548 4,837 3,862 3,472 1,078 105 16,9021998 3,724 5,044 4,144 3,933 1,111 88 18,0441999 3,751 5,077 3,950 3,554 1,068 91 17,4912000p 3,804 5,198 3,573 3,991 1,114 106 17,787

Value ($000)1984 8,315 10,900 17,083 13,949 3,293 351 53,8911985 8,964 11,809 27,278 20,257 4,579 524 73,4111986 12,161 14,424 24,323 29,292 5,652 564 86,4161987 16,493 16,656 29,468 36,726 6,194 526 106,0631988 17,448 18,409 29,907 36,303 6,493 667 109,2271989 23,997 18,316 23,278 33,449 6,030 597 105,6671990 16,139 15,387 20,341 23,978 4,588 515 80,9481991 19,699 20,934 27,901 28,517 7,704 643 105,3981992 26,804 29,106 29,478 32,427 9,605 756 128,1761993 25,855 26,610 22,314 31,010 9,323 722 115,8341994 29,824 35,800 35,952 28,581 8,800 995 139,9521995 38,907 48,549 32,353 36,272 11,472 1,103 168,6561996 28,644 35,284 31,648 33,767 9,786 861 139,9901997 31,335 43,733 31,133 34,886 11,152 1,087 153,3261998 34,569 48,189 35,326 39,092 10,426 802 168,4041999 38,442 52,240 44,283 40,314 11,908 1,035 188,2222000p 38,229 51,921 34,442 44,541 11,977 1,190 182,300

p: preliminarySource: Policy and Economics Branch, DFO, Moncton

AMERICAN LOBSTER LANDINGSGULF REGION, 1984-2000p

Appendix 7

Fishing Area canner market Fishing Area canner marché market23 71% 29% 23 75% 25%24 80% 20% 24 88% 12%25 70% 30% 25 81% 19%26A 55% 45% 26A 67% 33%26B 62% 38% 26B 72% 28%dist. 1 52% 48% dist. 1 60% 40%

69% 31% Total 78% 22%

canner market Fishing Area canner marché market23 74% 26% 23 77% 23%24 80% 20% 24 88% 12%25 71% 29% 25 81% 19%26A 61% 39% 26A 63% 37%26B 65% 35% 26B 68% 32%dist. 1 58% 42% dist. 1 64% 36%Total 72% 28% Total 76% 24%

Fishing Area canner market Fishing Area canner marché market23 72% 28% 23 76% 24%24 81% 19% 24 90% 10%25 74% 26% 25 79% 21%26A 60% 40% 26A 65% 35%26B 66% 34% 26B 71% 29%dist. 1 65% 35% dist. 1 67% 33%Total 72% 28% Total 77% 23%



Fishing Area canner market23 75% 25%24 86% 14%25 78% 22%26A 61% 39%26B 68% 32%dist. 1 63% 37%Total 76% 24%

1994

1995

1991

1992

1993

p: preliminarySource: Policy and Economics Branch, Région du Golfe, Moncton

1990

VOLUME OF LOBSTER LANDINGSBY CATEGORY AND AREA IN %

2000p

1999

1998

1997

1996

Appendix 8

LANDED LOBSTER PRICESGULF REGION, 1984 - 2000p

($/LBS)

CannersArea 23 Area 24 Area 25 Area 26A Area 26B dist. 1 Average

1984 1.42 1.44 1.60 1.47 1.43 1.46 1.501985 1.75 1.81 1.81 1.92 2.00 2.13 1.841986 2.01 1.99 1.75 2.05 2.07 2.12 1.931987 2.28 2.17 2.14 2.39 2.46 2.55 2.261988 2.40 2.17 2.26 2.24 2.30 2.45 2.261989 2.27 2.18 1.63 2.24 2.32 2.33 2.061990 1.42 1.46 1.58 1.43 1.40 1.58 1.471991 1.94 1.77 2.42 1.92 2.04 2.08 2.011992 2.67 2.77 2.80 2.93 2.85 2.94 2.801993 2.45 2.40 2.23 2.53 2.55 2.66 2.411994 3.07 3.23 3.34 3.32 3.26 3.51 3.241995 4.12 4.20 3.16 4.27 4.16 4.24 3.931996 3.19 3.31 3.14 3.65 3.47 3.57 3.311997 3.76 3.97 3.46 4.13 4.25 4.28 3.851998 3.97 4.20 3.63 4.23 3.96 3.87 4.011999 4.35 4.43 4.81 4.70 4.64 4.65 4.56

2000p 4.24 4.31 4.07 4.54 4.43 4.51 4.30

MarketArea 23 Area 24 Area 25 Area 26A Area 26B dist. 1 Average

1984 2.33 2.46 2.66 2.49 2.40 2.60 2.481985 2.67 2.82 2.66 3.00 3.12 3.32 2.841986 2.81 2.75 2.61 2.88 3.03 3.07 2.801987 3.06 3.09 3.04 3.34 3.52 3.63 3.201988 3.05 2.77 3.39 2.92 3.13 3.30 3.041989 2.76 2.68 2.44 2.78 2.83 2.85 2.691990 2.27 2.13 2.25 2.31 2.35 2.77 2.281991 2.72 2.46 3.52 2.73 2.88 2.90 2.861992 3.42 3.59 3.37 3.69 3.67 3.74 3.551993 3.16 3.68 3.51 3.73 3.67 3.87 3.561994 3.96 4.39 4.59 4.55 4.46 4.71 4.371995 4.99 5.03 4.04 5.25 5.26 5.24 4.901996 4.21 4.41 4.17 4.85 4.96 4.84 4.511997 4.80 4.94 4.30 5.27 5.59 5.60 4.931998 4.85 4.88 4.57 4.92 4.82 4.68 4.821999 5.47 5.62 5.76 5.83 5.84 5.88 5.70

2000p 5.31 5.43 5.07 5.70 5.60 5.71 5.44

p: preliminarySource: Policy and Economics Branch, Gulf Region, Moncton

Annexe 9

RECETTES TOTALES $56,877 $85,650 $47,985 $59,463

COÛTS VARIABLES

CARBURANT(1) $3,411 $2,155 $2,599 $2,642 BOUETTE(2) $3,558 $3,106 $4,535 $3,650 AUTRES $1,941 $1,799 $980 $1,738 SOUS-TOTAL $8,910 $7,060 $8,113 $8,030

COÛTS D'ENTRETIEN ET DE RÉPARATION DU BATEAU(3) $2,443 $1,527 $1,651 $2,361

DÉPENSES NETTES POUR ENGIN DE PÊCHE $3,560 $2,891 $2,151 $3,138

COÛTS FIXES ASSURANCE MARITIME $682 $591 $628 $815 VÉHICULE $1,351 $1,276 $1,036 $984 ENTREPOSAGE ET QUAYAGE $463 $245 $462 $380 FRAIS DIVERS (UNION, COMPTABLE, ETC.) $364 $492 $406 $517 ENREGISTREMENT, IMMATRICULATION ET PERMIS(4) $530 $530 $530 $530 SOUS-TOTAL $3,390 $3,134 $3,062 $3,226

TOTAL DES COÛTS D'EXPLOITATION $18,304 $14,612 $14,977 $16,756

COÛTS FINANCIERS (INTÉRÊTS ET CAPITAL) $6,896 $8,454 $6,214 $5,304

COÛTS DE LA MAIN D'OEUVRE $14,997 $13,485 $11,040 $10,666

TOTAL DES COÛTS $40,197 $36,551 $32,232 $32,726

REVENUE DE TRÉSORERIE $16,680 $49,099 $15,754 $26,737

(1) Inclut le coût de l'huile et graisse(2) Comprend le coût de la glace et sel(3) Inclut la coque, le moteur, l'équipement de pont et l'équipement électronique(4) Permis de homard @ $310 + 4 permis secondaires @ $30 + enregistrement personnel du pêcheur+ enregistrement du bateau

Source: Direction des politiques et services économiques, MPO, Moncton

Performance financière moyenne des homardiers

1998

Area 24 Area 26AArea 23 Area 25

Appendix 10.a

FreshRaw in shell 5,260 6,762 7,453 6,132 6,225 7,816 6,835 4,346 4,184 7,600 7,517

Meat - 244 5 25 108 19 12 2 4 59 19

Cooked in shell - - - - 18 - - - - - -

Tomalley - 7 - - - - - - - - -

Total 5,260 7,013 7,458 6,156 6,350 7,835 6,847 4,348 4,188 7,660 7,536

FrozenIn shell 1,874 2,198 1,873 1,697 2,156 2,164 2,542 1,580 2,236 - -

Meat 2,880 2,903 3,053 2,297 2,473 2,246 2,522 2,900 2,291 1,943 1,952

Claws 29 36 23 5 130 38 70 111 222 143 112

Tails 290 361 288 443 908 1,070 942 1,163 1,025 121 46

Roe 7 2 3 21 14 5 2 2 4 3 3

Bodies 279 393 461 564 476 591 367 681 420 468 429

Racks - - - 6 - - - - - - -

Leg meat - - - - - - - 2 0.36 1 1

Knucles and claws in shell - - - - 46 0.03 - - - 11 95

Bodies and claws - - - - 7 - - - - - -

Knucles in shells - - - - 0.14 - - - - - 0

Knucles claw tail meat - 1 - - 3 1 7 37 51 700 1,046

Tails and claws in shell - - - - - - 2 - - - 4

Lobsterine - - - - - - - - - - 20

Paste 47 34 65 52 97 62 74 16 18 36 3

Smoked meat - - - - - - - - - - 0.18

Blocks Comminuted 293 251 317 325 343 228 378 435 507 453 665

In shell (raw) - - - - 3 45 3 - 24 9 3,203

Raw claw - - - - - 1 - - - - -

Raw tails in shell 87 92 60 151 237 339 770 1,716 1,478 3,018 3,345

Raw bodies - - - - - - 5 23 23 101 267

Cooked in shell 1,650 2,211 2,307 1,997 2,766 2,411 1,437 2,104 4,141 2,645 2,894

Cooked tails in shell - - - 2 2 0.11 0.03 - - - -

Cooked shells 41 2 22 85 4 3 18 24 106 140 32

Cooked tails 5 0.13 9 12 3 2 8 5 18 - -

Broth 2 - - - - - - - - - -

Tomalley 145 115 203 122 93 126 86 69 30 53 156

Salad or fine meat - - - - - - 1 21 1 565 35

Heads - - - - - - - - - 1

Total 7,629 8,599 8,684 7,778 9,762 9,332 9,234 10,887 12,596 10,411 14,309

CannedMeat 76 64 73 91 79 32 30 18 7 13 7

Paste 61 64 50 42 57 24 23 41 54 23 39

Tomalley 1 1 - 0.32 1 - 0.47 - - - 2

Total 138 129 123 133 136 55 53 59 61 36 47

Total 13,027 15,741 16,265 14,068 16,249 17,222 16,135 15,294 16,845 18,107 21,893

Product Weight (M.T)1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997Production 1987 1988 1989

LOBSTER PRODUCTIONGULF REGION

1987-1997

Appendix 10.b


Meat - 7,169 105 616 2,886 586 422 76 201 1,880 794

Cooked in shell - - - - 140 - - - - - -

Tomalley - 28 - - - - - - - - -

Total 43,931 61,408 55,572 42,931 51,311 71,267 65,215 40,338 52,726 89,045 92,646

FrozenIn shell 20,724 25,759 13,977 12,200 20,891 14,741 20,645 19,136 27,217 - -

Meat 83,384 80,739 73,875 53,731 66,404 71,896 85,653 105,828 88,438 67,847 80,675

Claws 296 1,135 480 72 1,869 861 1,049 1,922 5,505 2,833 3,480

Tails 7,905 9,646 7,289 10,690 24,532 30,244 27,344 37,058 39,892 4,201 2,074

Roe 74 9 14,206 91 27 48 15 15 29 26 36

Bodies 339 340 401 396 697 583 367 637 538 430 409

Racks - - - 8 - - - - - - -

Leg meat - - - - - - - 29 3 10 19

Knucles and claws in shell - - - - 399 1 - - - 379 1,293

Bodies and claw - - - - - - - - - - -

Knucles in shells - - - - - - - - - - 10

Knucle claw tail meat - - - - 97 - 247 1,174 1,828 25,531 38,380

Tails and claws in shell - - - - - - 20 - - - 144

Lobsterine - - - - - - - - - - 107

Paste 91 230 336 138 291 101 93 90 45 125 7

Smoked meat - - - - - - - - - - 18

Blocks Comminuted 1,173 6,686 2,359 2,598 814 1,004 796 886 1,389 947 1,477

In shell (raw) - - - - 21 450 27 - 313 104 47,934

Raw claw - - - - - 14 - - - - -

Raw tails in shell 2,857 1,390 1,135 3,813 6,173 9,080 22,412 51,508 46,999 93,673 118,205

Raw Bodies - - - - - - 9 25 23 120 247

Cooked in shell 13,912 19,484 21,836 16,325 24,254 24,829 14,341 23,374 58,288 34,235 39,635

Cooked tails in shell - - - 43 70 4 1 - - - -

Cooked shells 294 2 27 103 6 4 28 37 11 238 158

Cooked tails 138 2 78 278 86 84 225 181 804 - -

Broth 4 - - - - - - - - - -

Tomalley 405 375 498 323 229 288 316 160 74 172 532

Salad or fine meat - - - - - - 24 729 22 7,004 785

Heads - - - - - - - - - 0

Total 131,596 145,797 136,497 100,809 146,861 154,231 173,612 242,788 271,418 237,875 335,626

CannedMeat 2,999 2,751 2,742 3,038 2,739 1,252 734 1,055 393 1,025 552

Paste 570 768 368 362 271 148 255 385 497 379 443

Tomalley 5 12 - 1 3 - - - - - 25

Total 3,574 3,531 3,110 3,402 3,013 1,399 989 1,440 890 1,404 1,020

Total 179,101 210,736 195,179 147,142 201,185 226,897 239,817 284,566 325,034 328,324 429,292

Value ($000)

LOBSTER PRODUCTIONGULF REGION

1987-1997

1994 1995 1996 19971990 1991 1992 1993Production 1987 1988 1989

Appendix 11.a

FreshRaw in shell 1,565 1,871 1,817 1,732 1,972 2,038 1,739 802 296 2,171 2,233

Meat - 85 2 14 92 12 1 1 4 53 1

Total 1,565 1,956 1,819 1,746 2,064 2,050 1,741 803 300 2,224 2,234

FrozenIn shell 238 79 113 122 237 78 73 2 100 - -

Meat 110 273 74 89 114 69 220 184 148 40 5

Claws 3 - - - - - - 0.08 - 0.27 -

Tails - - - - - - 10 - - 1 -

Tails and claws in shell - - - - - - 2 - - - -

Bodies - 3 - - - - - 47 26 34 -

Paste - - - 1 - - - - - - -

Roe - - - - - 0.05 - - - - -

Blocks Comminuted 1 - - - - 1 0.01 - - - -

In shell (raw) - - - - - 45 - - - - -

Cooked in shell - - - - - 321 60 - - 37 12

Cooked tails in shell - - - 2 2 0.11 0.03 - - - -

Cooked tails - - - - - - - 0.31 7 - -

Raw tails in shell 8 - 1 - - - - 2 1 17 1

Raw Bodies - - - - - - - - - - 2

knuckle claw tail meat - 1 - - - - - - - 5 1

Salad or fine meat - - - - - - - - - 1 -

Tomalley - - 1 - - 0.35 - - 2 1 -

Total 360 356 189 213 353 515 364 234 284 137 21

Total 1,925 2,312 2,008 1,959 2,417 2,565 2,105 1,037 584 2,361 2,255

LOBSTER PRODUCTIONGULF NOVA SCOTIA AREA

1987-1997Product Weight (M.T)

1991 1992Production 1987 1988 1989 1993 1994 1995 199719961990

Appendix 11.b

Production


Meat - 2,548 44 352 2,511 363 36 51 190 1,630 42

Total 14,138 14,786 13,185 11,153 18,323 17,018 14,615 8,068 3,307 24,518 26,582

FrozenIn shell 3,154 646 871 952 1,903 939 776 27 1,125 - -

Meat 3,116 5,946 1,966 2,414 3,008 2,171 7,766 6,373 5,375 1,246 202

Claws 31 - 3 - 3 - - 1 - 7 -

Tails in shell - - - - - - 252 - - 42 -

Tails and claws in shell - - - - - - 20 - - - -

Bodies - 2 - - - - - 51 30 26 -

Paste - - 1 3 - - - - - - -

Roe - - - - - 1 - - - - -

Blocks Comminuted 3 - - - - 29 - - - - -

In shell (raw) - - - - - 450 - - - - -

Cooked in shell - - - - - 4,417 574 - - 452 133

Cooked tails in shell - - - 43 70 4 1 - - - -

Cooked tails - - - - - - - 12 263 - -

Raw tails in shell 287 - 25 - - - - - 44 459 36

Raw Bodies - - - - - - - - - - 3

Knucle claw tail meat - - - - - - - - - 118 32

Salad or fine meat - - - - - - - - - 13 -

Tomalley - 1 2 - - 2 - - 5 2 -

Total 6,591 6,595 2,868 3,411 4,984 8,012 9,389 6,464 6,842 2,366 407

Total 20,729 21,381 16,053 14,564 23,307 25,030 24,004 14,532 10,149 26,884 26,989

LOBSTER PRODUCTIONGULF NOVA SCOTIA AREA

1987-1997

1995

Value ($000)1996 19971987 1988 1989 1991 1992 1993 19941990

Appendix 12.a


Meat - 35 3 6 16 3 11 1 0.27 6 16

Cooked in shell - - - - 18 - - - - - -

Total 1,023 2,430 3,991 3,481 3,905 4,201 3,774 2,418 2,937 4,049 3,703

FrozenIn shell - - 164 52 25 12 - - - - -

Meat 1,870 1,937 2,250 1,518 1,770 1,679 1,713 2,031 1,652 1,430 1,463

Claws 15 36 23 5 122 38 68 84 141 124 101

Tails 290 361 288 443 908 1,070 932 1,162 1,025 109 38

Tails and claws in shell - - - - - - - - - - 4

Bodies 204 376 382 507 410 570 306 461 378 340 365

Smoked meat - - - - - - - - - - 0.18

Roe 7 2 3 21 14 4 2 2 4 3 3

Racks - - - 3 - - - - - - -

Knucles and claws in shell - - - - 46 0.03 - - - 11 89

Knucles in shells - - - 0.14 - - - - - 0.34

Bodies and claws - - - - 7 - - - - - -

Knucle claw tail meat - - - - - 1 7 32 46 590 1,007

Paste 9 6 30 15 60 30 35 4 16 36 3


In shell (raw) - - - - 3 - 3 - 15 - 3,186

Raw claw - - - - - 1 - - - - -

Raw bodies - - - - - - 5 23 23 18 226

Cooked in shell 1,295 2,211 2,304 1,824 2,566 2,090 1,113 1,705 3,284 1,048 1,191

Cooked shells 41 2 22 85 4 3 18 24 106 140 32

Raw tails in shell 51 23 28 78 170 285 635 1,168 959 2,233 2,643

Tomalley 109 83 179 95 78 101 61 40 17 28 129

Broth 2 - - - - - - - - - -

Salad or fine meat - - - - - - 1 - 1 548 35

Leg meat - - - - - - - 2 - - 1

Heads 1

Total 4,138 5,229 5,956 4,938 6,489 6,067 5,187 7,072 8,084 6,991 11,065

CannedMeat 5 6 1 - - - - 5 - - -

Paste 36 35 16 20 46 5 6 14 40 4 26

Tomalley 1 1 - 0.32 1 - 0.47 - - - 2

Total 42 42 17 20 46 5 6 18 40 4 28

Total 5,203 7,701 9,964 8,439 10,441 10,273 8,967 9,508 11,061 11,044 14,795

LOBSTER PRODUCTIONEASTERN NEW BRUNSWICK AREA

1987-1997Product Weight (M.T)

1991 1997Production 1992 199619951987 1988 1989 1993 19941990

Appendix 12.b


Meat - 734 61 143 375 78 379 25 11 248 649

Cooked in shell - - - - 140 - - - - - -

Total 8,701 19,870 31,995 26,370 30,142 40,670 40,263 21,319 37,925 49,340 47,702

FrozenIn shell - - 992 345 208 81 - - - - -

Meat 53,286 52,929 53,278 32,945 47,083 52,806 59,905 74,468 62,486 50,714 60,786

Claws 148 1,135 477 72 1,814 861 1,026 1,610 4,432 2,425 3,290

Tails 7,905 9,646 7,289 10,690 24,532 30,244 27,092 36,985 39,892 3,704 1,640

Tails and claws in shell - - - - - - - - - - 144

Bodies 261 322 334 355 609 561 299 461 495 319 349

Smoked meat - - - - - - - - - - 18

Roe 74 9 14,206 91 27 47 15 15 29 25 36

Racks - - - 8 - - - - - - -

Knucles and claws in shell - - - - 399 1 - - - 379 1,111

Knucles in shells - - - - - - - - - - 10

Bodies and claws - - - - - - - - - - -

Knucle claw tail meat - - - - - - 247 996 1,593 21,183 36,955

Paste 28 11 85 58 126 49 7 51 27 123 6

Blocks Comminuted 973 6,031 1,762 2,339 698 906 562 744 1,224 688 1,221

In shell (raw) - - - - 21 - 27 - 192 - 47,689

Raw claw - - - - - 14 - - - - -

Raw bodies - - - - - - 9 25 23 27 197

Cooked in shell 11,562 19,484 21,809 14,909 22,645 20,412 11,640 20,044 45,369 14,419 16,465

Cooked shells 294 2 27 103 6 4 28 37 11 238 158

Raw tails in shell 1,792 627 804 1,964 4,335 7,645 18,415 36,188 34,194 69,327 91,266

Tomalley 254 231 453 279 195 233 228 126 50 104 448

Broth 4 - - - - - - - - - -

Salad or fine meat - - - - - - 24 - 22 6,905 785

Leg meat - - - - - - - 29 - - 13

Heads 0

Total 76,581 90,427 101,516 64,157 102,699 113,865 119,522 171,780 190,038 170,580 262,588

CannedMeat 173 250 18 - - - - 197 - - -

Paste 335 486 93 110 213 32 41 116 305 51 212

Tomalley 5 12 - 1 3 - - - - - 25

Total 513 748 111 112 216 32 41 313 305 51 237

Total 85,795 111,045 133,622 90,639 133,057 154,567 159,826 193,412 228,268 219,971 310,527

Value ($000)

LOBSTER PRODUCTIONEASTERN NEW BRUNSWICK AREA

1987-1997

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 19971990Production 1987 1988 1989

Appendix 13.a

FreshRaw in shell 2,672 2,496 1,648 925 381 1,580 1,332 1,127 951 1,387 1,597

Meat - 124 - 5 - 4 0 - - 0.05 2

Tomalley - 7 - - - - - - - - -

Total 2,672 2,627 1,648 929 381 1,584 1,332 1,127 951 1,387 1,600

FrozenIn shell 1,636 2,119 1,596 1,523 1,893 2,075 2,469 1,577 2,136 - -

Meat 900 693 729 690 589 497 589 685 491 473 483

Claws 11 0.02 - 1 9 - 1 27 81 19 12

Tails - - - - - - 2 - 10 8

Roe - 0.02 - - - - - - - 0.13 -

Bodies 75 14 79 58 67 21 62 174 15 94 64

Racks - - - 3 - - - - - - -

Knucles and claws in shell - - - - - - - - - - 6

Knucle claw tail meat - - - - 3 - - 5 5 105 39

Lobsterine - - - - - - - - - - 20

Paste 38 28 35 36 37 31 39 12 1 0.39 0


In shell (Raw) - - - - - - - - 9 9 17

Cooked in shell 355 - 3 173 201 - 264 399 857 1,560 1,690

Cooked shell

Raw tails in shell 28 69 31 73 67 54 135 547 518 768 700

Cooked tails 5 0.13 9 12 3 2 8 4 11 - -

Tomalley 36 32 23 27 15 24 25 29 11 24 27

Leg meat - - - - - - - - 0 1 1

Raw Bodies - - - - - - - - - 83 40

Salad or fine meat - - - - - - - 21 - 16 -

Total 3,131 3,014 2,539 2,627 2,920 2,750 3,684 3,581 4,227 3,283 3,224

CannedMeat 71 58 72 91 79 32 30 13 7 13 7

Paste 25 29 34 22 11 19 17 27 14 19 13

Total 96 87 106 113 90 50 47 40 22 32 20

Total 5,899 5,728 4,293 3,669 3,391 4,384 5,063 4,749 5,200 4,702 4,843

LOBSTER PRODUCTIONPRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

1987-1997Product Weight (M.T)Production 1990 1991 19921987 1988 1989 1993 1995 19971994 1996

Appendix 13.b


Meat - 3,887 - 121 - 145 7 - - 2 103

Tomalley - 28 - - - - - - - - -

Total 21,092 26,752 10,392 5,408 2,846 13,579 10,338 10,951 11,494 15,187 18,362

FrozenIn shell 17,570 25,113 12,114 10,904 18,780 13,721 19,869 19,109 26,092 - -

Meat 26,982 21,864 18,631 18,372 16,313 16,918 17,982 24,988 20,577 15,887 19,687

Claws 117 0 - - 52 - 23 311 1,074 401 189

Tails - - - - - - - 73 - 455 434

Roe - 0 - - - - - - - 1 -

Bodies 78 16 67 41 88 21 68 124 14 85 60

Racks - - - - - - - - - - -

Knucles and claw in shell - - - - - - - - - - 182

Knucle claw tail meat - - - - 97 - - 178 235 4,231 1,393

Lobsterine - - - - - - - - - - 107

Paste 63 219 250 77 165 51 86 39 17 2 1


In shell (raw) - - - - - - - - 121 104 245

Cooked in shell 2,350 - 27 1,416 1,609 - 2,128 3,330 12,919 19,364 23,037

Cooked shell

Raw tails in shell 778 763 306 1,849 1,838 1,435 3,998 15,320 12,762 23,886 26,903

Cooked tails 138 2 78 278 86 84 225 169 541 - -

Tomalley 151 143 43 44 34 53 89 34 20 65 85

Leg meat - - - - - - - - 3 10 7

Raw Bodies - - - - - - - - - 93 47

Salad or fine meat - - - - - - - 729 - 86 -

Total 48,424 48,775 32,113 33,240 39,178 32,353 44,701 64,545 74,538 64,930 72,631

CannedMeat 2,826 2,501 2,724 3,038 2,739 1,252 734 858 393 1,025 552

Paste 235 282 275 252 58 116 214 269 192 328 231

Total 3,061 2,783 2,999 3,290 2,797 1,367 948 1,127 585 1,353 783

Total 72,577 78,310 45,504 41,938 44,821 47,300 55,987 76,622 86,617 81,470 91,776

Value ($000)1992Production 1987 1988 1989

LOBSTER PRODUCTIONPRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

1987-1997

1990 1991 19971995 19961993 1994

Appendix 14

Landings (M.T.)1986 38,071 65% 20,741 35% 58,8121987 39,586 66% 20,799 34% 60,3851988 40,589 65% 22,210 35% 62,7991989 44,038 65% 23,843 35% 67,8811990 47,836 63% 28,297 37% 76,1331991 48,527 63% 29,073 37% 77,6001992 41,921 62% 25,978 38% 67,8991993 40,512 61% 26,290 39% 66,8021994 40,971 56% 31,744 44% 72,7151995 41,119 58% 29,759 42% 70,8781996 39,371 55% 31,606 45% 70,9761997 39,442 51% 38,358 49% 77,8001998 40,729 53% 36,330 47% 77,0591999 44,470 53% 39,654 47% 84,124

Value($000)1986 242,286 67% 119,737 33% 362,0231987 283,061 67% 141,903 33% 424,9641988 265,151 64% 146,178 36% 411,3291989 265,977 64% 147,212 36% 413,1891990 232,167 60% 154,757 40% 386,9241991 279,206 63% 166,014 37% 445,2201992 317,079 66% 166,371 34% 483,4501993 294,797 65% 160,261 35% 455,0581994 350,507 63% 207,315 37% 557,8221995 419,539 68% 199,768 32% 619,3071996 381,385 62% 235,221 38% 616,6061997 402,157 59% 278,540 41% 680,6971998 439,762 63% 255,103 37% 694,8651999 540,750 63% 322,754 37% 863,504

Source: Policy and Economics Branch, DFO, Moncton U.S. Department of Commerce

AMERICAN LOBSTER LANDINGS1986-1999

Canada % United-States % Total

Appendix 15

Volume (in metric tons)

Provinces 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Nova Scotia 15,200 14,081 16,077 16,855 16,798 17,153 17,505 18,957 20,126

New Brunswick 8,027 8,042 9,938 9,685 10,039 11,144 10,388 13,659 15,038

Prince Edward Island 3,131 3,320 4,004 3,567 3,783 4,593 4,297 6,427 6,453

Quebec 1,043 923 1,026 816 672 649 603 482 505

Newfoundland 508 375 832 443 243 377 319 226 449

British Columbia 131 134 314 277 200 169 125 61 80

Others 171 214 239 256 110 95 78 90 112

TOTAL 28,211 27,089 32,430 31,899 31,845 34,180 33,315 39,902 42,763

Value (in thousand dollars)

Provinces 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Nova Scotia 182,820 171,108 209,598 248,013 255,963 256,511 272,554 314,520 338,577

New Brunswick 137,766 132,342 194,949 210,158 214,486 241,294 238,507 320,824 386,303

Prince Edward Island 44,119 40,355 62,034 72,746 68,482 76,887 88,696 143,414 155,339

Quebec 12,960 11,588 13,307 13,586 11,395 9,522 8,132 8,146 7,748

Newfoundland 4,207 3,080 6,212 5,164 2,973 3,614 3,663 3,176 6,041

British Columbia 2,104 1,888 4,938 5,008 4,160 3,688 2,523 1,259 1,469

Others 1,961 1,664 2,616 4,476 2,111 2,294 1,214 1,950 1,777

TOTAL 385,937 362,025 493,654 559,151 559,570 593,810 615,289 793,289 897,254

1992-2000LOBSTER EXPORTS BY PROVINCE

Appendix 16

Quantity (in metric tons)

Country 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

United States 9,628 9,299 10,760 10,002 9,460 10,616 11,053 12,900 14,838

Japan 1,783 1,232 1,210 1,540 1,543 1,382 974 1,066 1,012

Belgium 668 662 759 824 1,111 1,045 1,497 1,426 1,292

Netherlands 909 730 592 661 632 555 633 556 270

Hong Kong 31 12 172 783 900 923 553 421 307

United Kindom 448 458 589 614 686 579 693 866 804

France 789 700 698 730 527 301 610 293 276

Germany 311 321 426 450 377 346 445 343 306

Korea 12 47 51 238 459 358 91 119 206

Others 621 620 820 1,013 1,103 1,048 956 967 815

TOTAL 15,200 14,081 16,077 16,855 16,798 17,153 17,505 18,957 20,126


Country 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

United States 107,010 107,633 133,902 140,592 139,998 153,541 176,447 211,406 254,305

Japan 24,796 18,003 17,516 25,195 26,933 25,263 17,698 20,878 17,885

Belgium 8,828 8,769 11,425 12,723 15,826 15,853 21,885 22,495 17,518

Netherlands 11,545 9,012 7,950 9,611 9,059 8,198 9,442 9,347 4,608

Hong Kong 455 177 2,494 13,410 15,275 14,948 9,307 7,143 5,420

United Kindom 7,021 6,800 8,860 9,830 10,304 8,444 11,047 14,699 13,229

France 10,554 8,874 10,071 11,317 8,311 4,216 6,153 5,618 3,867

Germany 4,397 4,743 5,870 7,091 6,134 5,247 6,241 6,256 5,468

Korea 172 525 861 4,159 7,863 6,117 1,577 2,149 3,273

Others 8,042 6,572 10,649 14,085 16,260 14,684 12,757 14,529 12,984

TOTAL 182,820 171,108 209,598 248,013 255,963 256,511 272,554 314,520 338,557

LOBSTER EXPORTS BY NOVA SCOTIABY COUNTRY OF DESTINATION

1992-2000

Appendix 17


Country 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

United States 5,799 5,848 7,058 6,654 7,277 8,025 8,040 10,343 12,273

France 1,153 1,163 1,820 1,497 952 1,128 1,282 1,265 682

Japan 498 369 568 603 573 479 271 431 394

Belgium 47 80 69 381 395 568 128 437 939

Germany 204 253 187 70 137 110 207 215 39

Sweden 58 73 61 154 165 184 266 536 100

United Kindom 56 66 56 61 90 120 96 133 152

Others 212 190 119 265 450 530 98 299 459

TOTAL 8,027 8,042 9,938 9,685 10,039 11,144 10,388 13,659 15,038


Country 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

United States 109,380 107,298 159,794 164,449 174,710 205,280 210,156 286,692 362,184

France 15,697 11,618 19,637 20,930 14,059 11,474 13,257 9,162 3,423

Japan 4,883 4,814 8,734 13,572 9,879 8,823 4,951 8,216 6,343

Belgium 445 993 782 3,188 3,426 4,695 1,765 4,761 8,126

Germany 3,111 3,558 2,882 1,296 2,326 2,071 3,298 2,765 695

Sweden 685 587 739 1,173 1,416 1,296 2,515 4,622 574

United Kindom 424 1,178 680 1,452 726 1,438 1,458 1,982 2,257

Others 3,141 2,296 1,701 4,098 7,944 6,217 1,107 2,624 2,701

TOTAL 137,766 132,342 194,949 210,158 214,486 241,294 238,507 320,824 386,303

LOBSTER EXPORTS BY NEW BRUNSWICKBY COUNTRY OF DESTINATION

1992-2000

Appendix 18


Country 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

United States 1,332 1,701 1,693 1,617 2,233 2,247 2,458 3,767 4,680

France 676 656 1,104 673 826 1,351 907 1,033 830

Germany 162 214 244 166 255 162 163 215 113

Japan 227 197 177 467 99 100 160 215 28

Sweden 143 194 238 144 155 254 69 332 118

Belgium 398 132 243 223 55 160 283 381 181

Others 193 226 305 277 160 319 257 484 503

TOTAL 3,131 3,320 4,004 3,567 3,783 4,593 4,297 6,427 6,453


Country 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

United States 22,197 25,774 39,039 43,131 52,625 58,912 73,416 118,745 134,600

France 8,385 4,745 9,527 10,229 8,005 8,160 6,727 8,429 9,288

Germany 2,351 2,388 2,169 3,042 2,752 1,962 1,685 2,395 1,513

Japan 2,169 1,710 2,185 6,974 968 1,483 1,493 2,962 277

Sweden 1,961 2,386 2,359 1,494 1,392 2,149 470 3,181 844

Belgium 4,777 1,493 2,746 3,662 503 1,510 2,092 2,742 1,833

Others 2,279 1,859 4,009 4,214 2,237 2,711 2,813 4,960 6,984

TOTAL 44,119 40,355 62,034 72,746 68,482 76,887 88,696 143,414 155,339

LOBSTER EXPORTS BY PRINCE EDWARD ISLANDBY COUNTRY OF DESTINATION

1992-2000

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