load hiding of household’s power demand
TRANSCRIPT
1
Load Hiding of Household’s
Power Demand
IEEE Conference on Smart Grid Communication
2014 (SmartGridComm)
Dominik Egarter, Christoph Prokop,
Wilfried Elmenreich
Smart Grid Group
Alpen-Adria University Klagenfurt
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
2
Smart Meters are Watching you?!
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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Today‘s Energy Feedback
4034kWh
3034kWh
5103kWh
4930kWh
3378kWh
6001kWh
4210kWh
Energy monitoring unit Annual information:
energy costs per year
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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Smart Meter Energy Feedback
Energy monitoring unit
P
t
Fine-grained energy data
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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Load Disaggregation
t
P
tP
tP
t
P
t
• Load disaggregation based approaches to get appliance
information
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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Privacy Issues
When are you
at home?
Which appliances
do you have?
When do you
get up
usually?
Is your coffee
machine working
correctly?
What are you
watching in TV?
At which times are
you at home?
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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• Battery Load Hiding (BLH)
Rechargeable batteries
• Load Based Load Hiding (LLH)
Controllable household appliance
Load Hiding Techniques
Obfuscate
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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Battery Load Hiding (BLH)
[1] W. Yang, N. Li, Y. Qi. W. Qardaji. S. McLaughlin. and P. McDaniel. “Minimizing private data disclosures in the
smart grid.” in Proceedings of ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security. 2012.
• BLH approach „stepping framework“[1]
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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Load Based Load Hiding (LLH)
• By controlling the electric boiler obfuscating the electric
power demand
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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Implementation
UtilitySmart
MeterAppliances
PFC
Boiler
Control
System
UtilitySmart
MeterAppliances
Inverter
Battery
Control
System
W
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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• Tested on real data power consumption
GREEND Dataset [2]
7 common household appliances (TV, coffee machine,
dishwasher, fridge, vacuum cleaner, water kettle, washing
machine)
• NILM algorithm performance on obfuscated power draw
NILM approach based on [3]
Evaluation
[2] A. Monacchi, D. Egarter, W. Elmenreich, S. D’Alessandro, and A. M. Tonello: “GREEND: an energy consumption
dataset of households in Italy and Austria.” in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid
Communications (SmartGridComm). 2014.
[3] D. Egarter, V. P. Bhuvana. and W. Elmenreich: “PALDi: Online Load Disaggregation via particle filtering.” IEEE
Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. 2014
.
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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LLH BLH
Original power draw
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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TV Coffee
Machine
Dishwasher Fridge Hoover Water
Kettle
Washing
Machine
Accuracy
10Ah 0.56 0.99 0.96 0.69 0.99 0.98 0.79 0.84
100Ah 0.41 0.99 0.95 0.55 0.99 0.98 0.89 0.82
600AH 0.05 0.98 0.95 0.5 0.99 0.98 0.71 0.74
Result: NILM Accuracy on
Obfuscated Power Draw
TV Coffee
Machine
Dishwasher Fridge Hoover Water
Kettle
Washing
Machine
Accuracy
2.5 kWh 0.62 0.98 0.93 0.52 0.98 0.98 0.6 0.8
5 kWh 0.61 0.97 0.95 0.51 0.95 0.98 0.51 0.78
10 kWh 0.6 0.92 0.95 0.51 0.88 0.98 0.43 0.75
TV Coffee
Machine
Dishwasher Fridge Hoover Water
Kettle
Washing
Machine
Accuracy
reference 0.6 0.92 0.95 0.51 0.88 0.98 0.43 0.75
BL
HL
LH
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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BLH LLH
HardwareInverter. Battery. Control Unit.
Wiring: costs >1000€
Control unit. temperature
sensor: costs <200€
Hide total demand✔ (better)
✔
Hide small appliances ✔ (better) ✔
Hide big appliances - ✔
Utility ✔ ✗
Comparison
Load Hiding
IEEE SmartGridComm 2014
Dominik Egarter
04| 11 | 2014
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• To ensure user privacy. the smart meter data has to be
obfuscated at household level
• Two possible obfuscating techniques
• Battery-Load Hiding
• Works well for small appliances, expensive
• Load Based Load Hiding
• Works for big appliances, cheap
Conclusion
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Dipl.-Ing. Dominik Egarter
Klagenfurt University | NES | Smart Grids
Lakeside Park B10 | 9020 Klagenfurt | Austria
P: +43-463-2700-3654
F: +43-463-2700-3679
W: nes.aau.at
Thank you for your attention!