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LNG Custody Transfer: LNG value chain and trade Hans Buytaert - SGS Belgium Klaipeda: 16/05/2019

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Page 1: LNG Custody Transfer. LNG value chain... · 2019-05-20 · 11 LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: INSPECTOR GHV (Volume) ideal gas @ 15/15 °C, 1013.25 mbar 2 966 847 10 769 527 2 955 551 MMBTU

LNG Custody Transfer: LNG value chain and trade

Hans Buytaert - SGS Belgium

Klaipeda: 16/05/2019

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2

SGS IS THE WORLD’S LEADING INSPECTION, VERIFICATION, TESTING AND CERTIFICATION COMPANY

Version: April 2018

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3

SGS ORGANISATIONAL

GROWTH

HISTORY

SGS GLOBAL EXPANSION

1913 Leader in grain

inspection

(21 million tons)

1913 Pan-Europe

1878 Rouen,

France

1878 Agriculture and Food

1915 Headquarters moved

from Paris to Geneva

1919 Company

named SGS

1955 Africa

Asia

1939 South

America

1981 Listed on the Swiss

Stock Exchange

1878

ESTABLISHED

ONE BRAND SERVING

THE VALUE CHAIN

GLOBALLY AND

ACROSS INDUSTRIES TODAY

1955

1990 Consumer Testing

1980 Life Sciences

Automotive

Certification

SGS INDUSTRY EXPANSION

1981 Expands to

ex-USSR

1970 Environmental

1960 Oil and Gas

Chemical

Public Sector

1955 Industrial Manufacturing

1939 Mining

2001 SGS rebranded

1946 Inspection

of European

imports

2017

CHF 6.3 BILLION total revenue

2 400 offices and laboratories

95 000 employees

1985

CHF 1.5 BILLION total revenue

1981

CHF 780 MILLION total revenue

180 offices and laboratories

10 675 employees

1913

45 offices and laboratories

1928 21 further

global countries

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4

INSPECTION VERIFICATION TESTING CERTIFICATION CONSULTANCY

TRAINING OUTSOURCING

GLOBAL SERVICES TAILORED

TO INDIVIDUAL INDUSTRIES

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5

Nº1

WORLD LEADER

> 97 000

EMPLOYEES

2 400

OFFICES AND LABORATORIES

11

GLOBAL INDUSTRIES

GLOBAL SERVICE LOCAL EXPERTISE

AT A GLANCE

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6

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER

LNG Custody Transfer: Custody Transfer involves the

physical and commercial transfer of LNG from one owner

to another

Value transaction: USD = P x Q

P = as per agreement

Q = as per agreement

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GENERAL INTRODUCTION

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8

LNG AGREEMENT

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9

LNG AGREEMENT

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10

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: INSPECTOR

Voyage #:

6

Page 1

SGS

LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS

FINAL DISCHARGE REPORT

Phone Number : phone

SGS Office :

:

VOYAGE #

TERMINAL / PORT

2-3

4

5

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

LNG QUANTITY REPORT

CLOSING CUSTODY TRANSFER REPORT - PRIMARY

CLOSING CUSTODY TRANSFER REPORT - SECONDARY

:

DATES

SGS FILE #

:

Shell

REFERENCE #

DATES

SGS FILE #

TERMINAL / PORT

REFERENCE #

:

:

:

CLIENTS

VESSEL NAME Vessel

FUEL OIL BUNKER REPORT

BOG CONSUMPTION

PAGEDOCUMENTS ENCLOSED

CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS

OPENING CUSTODY TRANSFER REPORT - PRIMARY

OPENING CUSTODY TRANSFER REPORT - SECONDARY 7

8

9

Date

14

15

12

13

11

date

“Unless otherw ise agreed, all orders and documents are executed and issued in accordance w ith our General Conditions. Upon

simple request the conditions w ill again be sent to you. Attention is draw n to the limitation of liability, indemnification and

jurisdiction issues defined therein.

Any holder of this document is advised that information contained hereon reflects SGS’ f indings at the time of its intervention

only and w ithin the limits of client’s instructions, if any. SGS’ sole responsibility is to its Client and this document does not

exonerate parties to a transaction from exercising all their rights and obligations under the transaction documents. Any

unauthorized alteration, forgery or falsif ication of the content or appearance of this document is unlaw ful and offenders may be

prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law . “

InspectorAdress # 3

Adress # 2

SGS off ice

Adress # 1

DIESEL OIL BUNKER REPORT

GENERAL NOTES ON SHORE OPERATIONS

GENERAL NOTES ON VESSEL OPERATIONS

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

10

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11

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: INSPECTOR

GHV (Volume) ideal gas @ 15/15 °C, 1013.25 mbar

2 966 847

10 769

527

2 955 551

MMBTU

MMBTU

MMBTU

VAPOR DISPLACED (Qr) @ 15 °C

NET ENERGY DELIVERED @ 15 °C

MJ/kg

38.527 MJ/m³

136 551.759

55.358

4 617.007

kg/m³

131 935

-159.8

428.58

MMBTU

BOG CONSUMPTION (Qf) @ 15 °C

LIQUID TEMPERATURE BEFORE DISCHARGE

VESSEL C.C.T. VOLUME AFTER DISCHARGE

DENSITY @ -159,8 °C

VESSEL O.C.T. VOLUME BEFORE DISCHARGE

GHV (mass) @ 15 °C

GROSS ENERGY DELIVERED @ 15 °C

LOAD PORT INFORMATION

Vessel

SGS File # : SGS FILE #

DISCHARGE PORT INFORMATION

LOAD PORT DATES :

m³140 355.699

BILL OF LADING VOLUME :

LOAD PORT C.C.T. VOLUME :

Terminal / Port :

Vessel Name :

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

SGS

Phone Number : phone

TERMINAL / PORT :

Date

Clients : ShellTERMINAL / PORT

Reference :

SGS Office :

Voyage :

Page

Date :

TERMINAL / PORT :

°C

m³139 748.760

Voyage #

2

REFERENCE #

DATES

VESSEL VOLUME DELIVERED (LIQUID)

EQUIVALENT NET LNG MASS DELIVERED* 56 329.420 Mton

* Calculated as per ISO 13398

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12

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: #SIZE

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13

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: LARGE SCALE

Quantity (LNG vessel)

Quality (terminal/FSRU)

Calculations

GHV (Volume) ideal gas @ 15/15 °C, 1013.25 mbar

2 966 847

10 769

527

2 955 551

MMBTU

MMBTU

MMBTU

VAPOR DISPLACED (Qr) @ 15 °C

NET ENERGY DELIVERED @ 15 °C

MJ/kg

38.527 MJ/m³

136 551.759

55.358

4 617.007

kg/m³

131 935

-159.8

428.58

MMBTU

BOG CONSUMPTION (Qf) @ 15 °C

LIQUID TEMPERATURE BEFORE DISCHARGE

VESSEL C.C.T. VOLUME AFTER DISCHARGE

DENSITY @ -159,8 °C

VESSEL O.C.T. VOLUME BEFORE DISCHARGE

GHV (mass) @ 15 °C

GROSS ENERGY DELIVERED @ 15 °C

LOAD PORT INFORMATION

Vessel

SGS File # : SGS FILE #

DISCHARGE PORT INFORMATION

LOAD PORT DATES :

m³140 355.699

BILL OF LADING VOLUME :

LOAD PORT C.C.T. VOLUME :

Terminal / Port :

Vessel Name :

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

SGS

Phone Number : phone

TERMINAL / PORT :

Date

Clients : ShellTERMINAL / PORT

Reference :

SGS Office :

Voyage :

Page

Date :

TERMINAL / PORT :

°C

m³139 748.760

Voyage #

2

REFERENCE #

DATES

VESSEL VOLUME DELIVERED (LIQUID)

EQUIVALENT NET LNG MASS DELIVERED* 56 329.420 Mton

* Calculated as per ISO 13398

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14

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: LARGE SCALE

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15

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: LARGE SCALE

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16

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: LARGE SCALE

Quantity (LNG vessel)

Volume

• Level

• Trim/list

• Tank capacity table

Temperature

Pressure

Gas flow meters

Quality (terminal/FSRU)

Sampling

Analysis

Calculations

#calculation methods

Cool Down – Gas up

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QUANTITY

- Static

- Dynamic

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18

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: QUANTITY STATIC

Volume

Level

Trim/list

Temperature (pressure)

Tank capacity table

Mass

Weighbridge

Load Cell

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19

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: QUANTITY STATIC

Volume:

LNG Large scale

LNG bunkering vessel

Mass

Road tanker

container

A comparison of static and dynamic mass measurement methods of LNG utilizing

weighbridge and coriolis mass flow meters

Tore Mortensen and Henning Kolbjørnsen, Justervesenet, Fetveien 99, N-2007 Kjeller, NORWAY

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20

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: QUANTITY STATIC

Kongsberg

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21

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: QUANTITY

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22

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23

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24

QUANTITY CHALLENGES

Only 1 set of measurements

Depend on the LNG vessel, other party

Static not always feasable on different scale

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25

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: QUANTITY DYNAMIC

Mass Coriolis

Ultrasonic

(Orifice)

(Turbine)

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QUALITY

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27

LNG QUALITY: GLOBAL OVERVIEW

Based on quality LNG (re)loaded last 3 year

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28

LNG SAMPLING

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29

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: QUALITY - SAMPLING

ISO 8943

Phase envelope

Operational circumstances

Pressure

Stable flow

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30

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: QUALITY - ANALYSIS

ISO 6974 – ASTM D 1945 – GPA 2261

Calibration – Validation

Repeatability – Reproducability

ISO 10723

Proficiency testing/correlation test

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31

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: QUALITY - ANALYSIS

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32

GAS ANALYSIS: ROUND ROBIN CASE STUDY

3.280.000

3.300.000

3.320.000

3.340.000

3.360.000

3.380.000

3.400.000

3.420.000

3.440.000

3.460.000

3.480.000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Lab N°

En

erg

y [

MM

BT

U]

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33

QUALITY CHALLENGES

LNG quality change

ageing

Influence Heel

Quality determination onboard

Specifications (methane number)

Quality loaded vs quality onboard

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34

MODEL HISTORICAL DATA

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35

MODEL HISTORICAL DATA

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36

Vessel:

Port: Discharge Bunkering Bunkering Discharge

OCT date/time: date date date date date date

OCT volume (m³): 1 330.891 770.806 Yes 3 567.889 1 596.170 Yes 3 538.344 1 475.000

OCT Temperature (°C): -158.7 Combined Tk 1 & Tk 2 -157.6 -158.2 -158.1 -157.9 -158.1

CCT date/time: date date date date date date date

CCT volume (m³): 1 410.435 569.883 967.321 3 655.787 1 684.544 3 684.937 1 591.711

Tliq CCT (°C): -158.3 -158.6 -158.6 -157.2 -158.2 -158.0 -158.1

Discharge Port Bunkering 1 Combined Tk 1 & Tk 2 Load Port Heel Loaded Load port OBQ Bunkering 2 Load Port Heel Loaded Load port OBQ Bunkering 3 Dsicharge

Methane 92.3442 91.9562 92.0925 90.6583 93.0332 92.5253 92.3820 92.0099 93.6074 92.9146 92.6815 92.1563

Ethane 7.3184 7.7408 7.5948 9.0089 6.7773 7.2545 7.4301 7.8282 4.9272 6.1855 6.4352 6.9222

Propane 0.2037 0.2155 0.2114 0.2510 0.0734 0.1114 0.1141 0.1202 0.8581 0.5380 0.5598 0.6024

Iso Butane 0.0335 0.0354 0.0347 0.0412 0.0057 0.0133 0.0136 0.0143 0.2411 0.1427 0.1485 0.1598

N-Butane 0.0319 0.0338 0.0331 0.0393 0.0053 0.0126 0.0129 0.0136 0.2234 0.1324 0.1378 0.1483

Iso Pentane 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0006 0.0003 0.0004 0.0004 0.0004 0.0083 0.0049 0.0051 0.0055

N-Pentane 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

N-Hexane 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Nitrogen 0.0676 0.0176 0.0328 0.0005 0.1047 0.0824 0.0468 0.0133 0.1345 0.0819 0.0321 0.0055

Oxygen 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Carbon Dioxide 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Total 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000

GHV Volume * [Btu/scf] 1069.5 1073.5 1072.1 1084.0 1061.8 1066.6 1068.3 1071.8 1069.7 1070.6 1073.6 1078.7

Load

Blend

Vessel Tank 1

Load

Blend

Bunkering

Vessel:

Port: Discharge Bunkering Bunkering Discharge

OCT date/time: date date date date date date

OCT volume (m³): 1 390.033 30.584 Yes 3 504.488 3 361.696 Yes 3 565.489 3 470.000

OCT Temperature (°C): -158.7 Combined Tk 1 & Tk 2 -156.6 -158.2 -158.1 -157.7 -157.7

CCT date/time: date date date date date date date

CCT volume (m³): 1 402.774 397.438 967.321 3 675.623 3 491.276 3 681.042 3 556.638

Tliq CCT (°C): -158.3 -158.5 -158.6 -157.2 -158.2 -158.1 -157.7

Discharge Port Bunkering 1 Combined Tk 1 & Tk 2 Load Port Heel Loaded Load port OBQ Bunkering 2 Load Port Heel Loaded Load port OBQ Bunkering 3 Discharge

Methane 92.3442 92.2883 92.0925 90.6583 93.0332 93.0132 92.7559 92.5052 93.6074 92.6009 92.3799 92.1985

Ethane 7.3184 7.3848 7.5948 9.0089 6.7773 6.7961 7.1183 7.3860 4.9272 7.1724 7.3999 7.5814

Propane 0.2037 0.2056 0.2114 0.2510 0.0734 0.0749 0.0785 0.0815 0.8581 0.1490 0.1538 0.1576

Iso Butane 0.0335 0.0338 0.0347 0.0412 0.0057 0.0060 0.0063 0.0065 0.2411 0.0269 0.0278 0.0285

N-Butane 0.0319 0.0322 0.0331 0.0393 0.0053 0.0056 0.0059 0.0061 0.2234 0.0250 0.0258 0.0264

Iso Pentane 0.0005 0.0005 0.0005 0.0006 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0003 0.0083 0.0010 0.0010 0.0010

N-Pentane 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0000 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001

N-Hexane 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Nitrogen 0.0676 0.0546 0.0328 0.0005 0.1047 0.1038 0.0347 0.0143 0.1345 0.0247 0.0117 0.0065

Oxygen 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Carbon Dioxide 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

Total 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000 100.0000

GHV Volume * [Btu/scf] 1069.5 1070.2 1072.1 1084.0 1061.8 1062.0 1065.2 1067.5 1069.7 1067.7 1069.7 1071.2

Bunkering

Vessel Tank 2

Load Load

Blend Blend

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37

LNG CUSTODY TRANSFER: CALCULATIONS

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38

ENERGY BALANCE: LNG CONTRACTS

Energy Balance Discharge

Liquid – Vapour Displaced – BOG

Liquid – Vapour Displaced

Energy Balance Loading

Liquid – Vapour Displaced + BOG

Liquid

Liquid + BOG

Liquid – Vapour Displaced

Gas up + Cool Down + Liquid – Vapour Displaced + BOG

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39

INFLUENCE REFERENCE CONDITIONS

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INFLUENCE REFERENCE CONDITIONS

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GHV VS. NHV

Gross Heating Value

Amount of heat that would be released by the complete combustion with

oxygen of a specified quantity of gas, in such a way that the pressure, p1,

at which the reaction takes place remains constant, and all the products of

combustion are returned to the same specified temperature, t1, as that of

the reactants, all of these products being in the gaseous state except for

water, which is condensed to the liquid state at t1

Gross Heating Value = Higher Heating Value = Superior Heating Value

GHV = HHV = SHV

Net Heating Value

Amount of heat that would be released by the complete combustion with

oxygen of a specified quantity of gas, in such a way that the pressure, p1,

at which the reaction takes place remains constant, and all the products of

combustion are returned to the same specified temperature, t1, as that of

the reactants, all of these products being in the gaseous state.

Net Heating Value = Lower Heating Value = Inferior Heating Value

GHV = HHV = SHV

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GHV VS. NHV

Calculated as per ISO 6976 (2016) for volume of 155 000 m³ @ -159,5 °C, grade middle LNG

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METHANE NUMBER

Methane number is the measure of resistance of fuel gases to

engine knock, as well known as detonation.

Detonation is produced by the auto-ignition of the fuel/air mixture

ahead of the propagating flame, this phenomenon produces some

shock waves that could lead to serious loss of power (efficiency)

and damage to the engine. It is similar to the octane number for

petrol engines. The loss of efficiency could be about 2 %

The MN is used to define the knock resistance of a gaseous fuel in

pure gas and dual fuel engines. MN is a scale based on the

combustion characteristics of methane and hydrogen

Pure methane is assigned as the knock resistant reference fuel with a

methane number of 100.

Pure hydrogen is used as the knock sensitive reference fuel with a

methane number of 0.

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METHANE NUMBER

Different Calculation methods – all with a different outcome

Current Methods

AVL Method: uses correlations based on experimental work to

predict the methane number (only available in commercial software)

The CARB (California Air Resources Board) method based on a

MON (Octane number) approach

ISO 15403 provides an alternative method of calculating MON

MVM method – still under development and is likely to result in a new

ISO standard. The methodology has been accepted by the engine

manufacturer’s group Euromot. The approach is similar to the AVL

method but the equations have been published in EN 16726

• A WG through ISO is set up to bring clarity (and maybe uniformity)

amongst the calculation methods

• ISO TC 28 SC 4 WG 17

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METHANE NUMBER

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Hans Buytaert - SGS Belgium

LNG Business Development manager

[email protected]