Experience of DBI Implementation in India

Livolink Foundation, Bhubaneswar

Background•A diversion based irrigation system is one which diverts a portion of water from a natural stream/water course/river and uses it with or without intermediate storage for the purpose of irrigating crops and for other human ends.• SDTT has been implementing a programme on DBI since 2009 to promote the development of small scale irrigation through diversion of water from streams.•The DBI Secretariat set up in Bhubaneswar and housed in Livolink Foundation, besides providing support to the NGOs is also functioning as an extended arm of the Trust in programme management

Diversion based irrigation systems have been in vogue for possibly decades in regions that have appropriate features & are known by different names in different parts of the country: Kul in Himachal Pradesh, Tar Bandh in Mahakoshal, Phad in Maharashtra, Dongs in north Assam, Zebo in Nagaland, Khadins in Rajasthan, Pukhar in Jhalawar areas of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan, Ahar Pyne in Kaimur plateau and adjacent areas of Jharkhand and South Bihar

DBI SystemsType of DBI Structure State Partners

Ahar-Pyne Bihar, JharkhadPRADAN, SGVK, Satyapath, LSS,

IGS

Check dam with Channel Work

Jharkhand, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Manipur AFPRO, RNBA

Diversion Weir with Earthen Canal Maharashtra Yuba Mitra

Dong AssamGramya Vikash Mancha,

Grameen SaharaGonchi Andhra Pradesh CWS

Phad Maharstra Dilasa, Mittra, Yuwa mittra, ARTTanka Rajasthan Baif, GMKS

pipe based gravity fed Irrigation

Odisha, Assam, West Bengal, Rasajthan

All Odisha partners, Jagmoriya Sevabrata, GMKS

TANKA/ KUND/ KUNDI In the desert and arid areas of Rajasthan & Gujarat people build unique underground structures of various shapes and sizes to collect rain water for drinking purposes. These structures called Tankas, Kund or Kundis are constructed in a variety of places like court yards, in front of houses and temples, in open agricultural fields, barren lands etc.

GONCHIGonchi is a diversion-based irrigation system developed by the local people and is in practice in parts of Andhra Pradesh for over three centuries. It involves sharing surface water diverted by gravity from natural streams and rivers. At the head of these channels, farmers prepared large pits (locally called talipiri) on stream / river bed from which the oozed water will be diverted to the channel by gravity flow.

Ahar PyneAhar pye system is an indigenous irrigation technology of South Bihar. An Ahar is a rectangular embankment type water harvesting structure, i.e. a catchment basin embankment on three sides & fourth side being the natural gradient of land itself and pyne are the irrigation channels

Dong

These are traditional irrigation system of plains of Assam.

Pipe based Gravity Flow System

•Irrigation system using Pipe costs around 4 to 5 lakhs per scheme and irrigates around 40 to 60 acre• Average cost using pipe: Rs. 10,000/acres including agriculture support• Additional income through Rabi & Kharif in medium & upland.• AVERAGE COST IN DBI PROGRAM : Rs 4000/ acre• Any MI scheme costs Rs. 65,000/acre • Provides irrigation to poor, who can

manage it• Nearly zero maintenance cost helps poor adopt it• Helps poor attain food sufficiency and enhance cash income• Barefoot engineers can be promoted for replication• Easy to implement and short execution period • Small streams are tapped• 24 hrs water supply fulfills domestic needs reducing women drudgery

OutreachThe programme is being implemented by 36 NGO partners & 38 Co-partners across 98 blocks of 47 districts of 13 states to grants support Rs 3,806 lakh

StateNo. of

OrganizationNo. of

districtsAndhra Pradesh 2 1

Assam 4 5Bihar 4 2

Chhatisgarh 1 1Jharkhand 5 2

Madhya Pradesh 1 1Maharashtra 11 5

Manipur 14 6Meghalaya 2 1

Odisha 30 17Rajasthan 4 2

Tripura 2 1West Bengal 3 3

13 states 74 47

2 44 1

51

11

142

30

4 2 3

No of Organization

1 5 21

21

5

61

17

2

13

No of districtsAndhra Pradesh

Assam

Bihar

Chhatisgarh

Jharkhand

Madhya Pradesh

Maharashtra

Manipur

Meghalaya

Odisha

Rajasthan

Tripura

West Bengal

AchievementParticular Village Families Irrigation potential

(Acres)

Proposed 1,050 1,00,981 93,891

Achieved 6,34 67,398 70,495

19.76

16.4

22

41.84

Castewise Family coverage (in Percentage)

SC

ST

OBC

Gen (mostly Muslims) & Others

Achievement

StateNo of

OrganizationNo of

districtsAmount

sanctionedNo of

families

Area before

DBIArea

after DBIAndhra Pradesh 2 1 42.47 1583 4813 5693

Assam 4 5 554.48 48829 22825 33079Bihar 4 2 150 3714 4147 7730

Jharkhand 5 2 80 2627 814 3036Maharashtra 11 5 656.35 1293 2530 5514

Manipur 14 6 107.21 1044 5063 6295Odisha 30 17 1500 4829 943 6048

Rajasthan 4 2 274.6 555 72 1276West Bengal 3 3 485 2000 630 1900

13 states 74 47 3806.14 67398 37146 70495

Irrigation Potential Developed

Agricultural seasons Command area before DBI Command area after DBIKharif 24,775 40,007Rabi 10,604 26,436

Summer 1,767 4,052Total 37,146 70,495

Kharif Rabi Summer Total0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

38%

60%

56%

47%

Command area be-fore DBI

Command area after DBI

Cost of Irrigation potential generation (state-wise)

Odisha

Andra PradeshAssa

mBihar

Jharkhand

Maharstra

Manipur

Rajasthan

WestB

engal0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

20000

10000

746

5290

30004000

6210

1677

18400

6000Cost per Acre

Cost of Irrigation potential generation (structure-wise)

Ahar-Pyne Check dam with

Channel Work

Diversion Weir with Earthen Canal

Dong Gonchi Phad pipe based gravity fed Irrigation

Tanka0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

54007000

20003500

746

6210

10000

24000

Cost per acre

Provision for Drinking water• Water supply for domestic use at HH level• Ensuring drinking water supply natural/low cost filtration system• Addressing the issue of women drudgery • Promoting homestead kitchen garden by providing water at door step

Innovation in DBI: Hydraulic Ram Pump system

A hydraulic ram pump is a device, which uses the energy of falling water to lift a lesser amount of water to a higher elevation than the source.

• Low cost• No fuel needed• Runs 24 hours per day• Low maintenance

Line Diagram of Hydraulic Ram Project

Line Diagram of Hydraulic Ram Project

• Minimum Drive Head required 1.5m

• It lifts 10 to 20% of the flowing water 10 times the original head

• Discharge per day depends on Drive Head, Delivery Head and Efficiency Of Pump and No. of Pumps.

• Q (Discharge) = H (drive) X Q (wr) X ŋ (pump) -----------------------------------------

H (delivery)

Where,• Q (Discharge) =Discharge of a pump at delivery point in lps or lpm• H (drive) = Drive Head to run the Hydraulic Ram Pump in mt.• Q (wr)= Water Requirement to run a pump( 1.5 to 2lps or 90 to 120 lpm)• ŋ (pump)= Efficiency of the pump (50 to 70%)• H (delivery)= Delivery Head in m

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