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Kathleen BeegleDevelopment Economics Research Group, The World BankMaputo, August 14, 2009

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Improve the availability, quality and

relevance of agricultural data for policy and research in

Sub-Saharan Africa

LSMS-ISA Objective

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Accuracy Triangulation Measurement and methods Coverage, frames Periodicity and comparability

Relevance Lack of analytic capacity: lowers demand, affects

resources, lowers quality… Timeliness

Lag between data collection and availability Lag between new questions and answers

Motivation: Present Data Issues

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Thematic Isolation Failure to address high levels of diversification of

farm households Linkages to non-farm activities Poverty, vulnerability, coping strategies

Institutional Isolation Falling between the cracks: MinAgr links with NSO Limits synergies with other data (geographic,

social, economic, infrastructure) Limits synergies w/ other data collection exercises Lack of National Statistics System- fully integrated

Below optimal coordination among donors

Motivation, cont.

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Within the World Bank:

WB focus on Sub-Saharan Africa; WDR-08

Core mandate of the Development Economics Research Group (DECRG)

Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) program: experience in implementing multi-topic surveys in collaboration with national statistics offices.

Motivation, cont.

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1. Household survey data production

2. Methodological validation/research

3. Capacity building

4. Dissemination

Main Components of LSMS-ISA

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Panel Every 3 years…or more frequently (e.g. Uganda, Tanzania)

Project in 6 Sub-Saharan African countries (plus ‘pilot’ in Tanzania)

Sample 3-5,000 households:2 or more rounds, track households and

individuals as feasible Population-based frame: national and sub-national, urban/rural

Integrated approach Multi-topic questionnaire: Agr+poverty+soc+anthro… Build on existing/planned surveys (NSDS) Link to other data sources

Inter-institutional Collaboration

(1) Panel Household Surveys

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LSMS-IV: continue research on improving methods

Computer Assisted Personal Interview (CAPI) Planned validation/experimentation

Improve measures of crop yields Plot size Quantities (Measurement tools such as

Diaries/crop cards, Crop cutting) Income sources (Ag., non-farm self-employment) Satellite imaging: Ground-truthing of satellite

imaging

(2) Methodological Validation, Research

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Learning by doing: multiple surveys, medium term (5-6 yrs.) program

( example of MECOVI program) linking data producers and data users Resident Advisor + Technical assistance

Guidelines/sourcebooks, better modules Anthropometrics sourcebook Livestock module development Fisheries module development Income measurement sourcebook Climate change & adaptation sourcebook Weighting issues in panel surveys Panel Survey implementation sourcebook

Regional training workshops Within project and linking to other regional initiatives

(3) Capacity Building

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Open access data policy

Complete documentation

Website, newsletter, …

Connecting with other data/analysis initiatives: ADePT-Ag (www.worldbank.org/adept), CLSP

Regional workshops

(4) Dissemination

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Managed by LSMS team Steering Committee (WB, IFAD, FAO, …) Technical Advisory Board (overall) Technical Working Groups (within countries) Government counterparts (NSO, MoA, …) WB Operations (impact evaluation) Research/academic institutions (special studies)

WB Research group Other (Yale U., Duke U., IFPRI, Cornell…)

Donors/co-financing WFP, IFAD, UNFPA, UNICEF, Dutch, Danish, Norway…

Collaborations (WFP, FAO, IFAD, WFC…)

Governance Structure, Partners

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Work in more countries in SSA Full-fledged LSMS-ISA High-risk/post-conflict countries pilot studies

Expand scope Project evaluation, e.g. Nigeria CADP Specific crops/production systems/livestock Other special studies

Possible Extensions

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Project launch: December 9, 2008 Technical Advisory Board meeting: Feb 6,

2009 Steering Committee, April 7, 2009 ‘Pilot’: support to the Tanzania National Panel

Survey (in 10th month of data collection) Uganda National Panel Survey: training for

field work beginning now Niger, Ethiopia, Malawi and Nigeria: Various

stages of development with respect to Concept Note, questionnaires, samples…

Progress to date

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The Strategic Vision for the Integrated Survey Framework

• Integrated Agriculture Survey Framework: • focus on integration as coordination of

efforts to collect/produce statistics …by connecting as many samples as possible… in agriculture.

• “The integration of achieved by connecting as many of the samples as possible”

• Discussion points focus on a broader view of integration

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Another view of integration

• Coordination within the system of surveys/statistics in the national statistical system.

• Timing with respect to major survey efforts (Household Budget Surveys, Labour Force Surveys, Demographic Health Surveys, price data)

• Feasibility of annual national estimates of ag stats from surveys given financial and human resource limitations.

• Example: HBS, DHS, LFS rarely done annually.

• Sub-national estimates greater challenge• Implication: reliance on non-survey data?

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A 3rd view of integration

• Consistency in questionnaires across surveys:• Not just with respect to agricultural

surveys• Especially important if agricultural

surveys cannot be done annually• Examples: definition of agricultural

household, income questions (levels or sources), labor questions

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Achieving integration though connecting samples…• Not clear how many of the in the

framework samples would be connected. Examples:• Administrative data connected to

annual household surveys • at the district level? PSU? HH?

• Agri businesses data and annual HH surveys?

• Windshield surveys and annual HH surveys?

• Integration is more that connecting as many samples as possible.

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Other aspects of sample integration• The Strategy focuses on agricultural

households. • Other national surveys will have large

coverage of this population• Potential to conduct, for example,

HBS and Ag Survey in same household

• Have to coordinate field work, avoid respondent burden

• What about coverage of non-agricultural households for understanding agriculture?• Labor market options, relative

position with respect to economic activities

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Email: lsms@worldbank.org

kbeegle@worldbank.org

Web: www.worldbank.org/lsms

Contacts

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THANK YOU

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Provide policy-relevant data Consumption-based welfare measure Multi-Topic questionnaire Multiple instruments Customization to country needs Quality control Explicit link between data users and

producers Open data access

Advantages of an LSMS Survey

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HH roster Education Health Migration Food expenditures Home production Non-food expenditures Agriculture and livestock Labor Non-farm household business/enterprise Non-labor income Credit Social capital Shocks and vulnerability Anthropometrics

•Land (size, tenure)•Production and sales•Inputs•Tech. & Investment•Extension Services•Market Access•Access to information

LSMS: Multi-topic Household Survey