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LIVING LONGER AND BETTER Cardiovascular diseases

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Trabajo sobre enfermedades cardiovasculares.

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Page 1: Living longer and better

LIVING LONGER AND BETTER

Cardiovascular diseases

Page 2: Living longer and better

IntroductionCardiovascular disease: Variety

of heart diseases, illnesses, and events that impact the heart and circulatory system, including high blood pressure and coronary artery disease and are noncommunicable.

It's known as heart disease.

There are a lot of types of cardiovascular diseases.

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Types of cardiovascular diseases     Cardiovascular disease     Atherosclerosis     Angina pectoris     Arrhythmias     Hypertension

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Cardiovascular disease Variety of diseases, disorders and conditions that affect to 

heart and blood vessels. Symptoms: depend on the type. A classic symptom is the 

chest pain. Risk factors include: hypertension, diabetes, high 

cholesterol, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. Other risk factors: being of African­American ancestry, be male, drink excessive alcohol, have a lot of stress, smoke and have a family history of a heart attack.

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Atherosclerosis

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Symptoms/ Diagnosis It doesn’t produce symptoms until the damage to 

the arteries is severe enough to restrict blood flow. Restriction of blood flow to the heart muscle can 

cause angina pectoris or a myocardial infarction; it have another symptoms as pains in legs when you walk.

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What is it? Atherosclerosis is the build up of a waxy plaque on 

the inside of blood vessels. It affects only the inner lining of an artery. It is 

characterized by plaque deposits that block the flow of blood.

The plaque formation stimulates the cells of the artery wall to produce substances that accumulate in the inner layer. The artery's diameter is reduced, and blood flow and oxygen delivery are decreased. 

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Risk Smoke. Second hand­smoke may also increase 

risk. High blood cholesterol. High triglycerides. High blood pressure. Physical inactivity.  Diabetes mellitus Obesity

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Angina pectoris

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Symptoms/ Diagnosis  When a person angina, symptoms usually are set off 

by one of the following triggers: Physical exertion Emotional stress Exposure to cold Decreased oxygen content in the air you breathe 

using a stimulant such as caffeine or smoking cigarettes.

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What is it?

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Risk High blood pressure High levels of cholesterol Diabetes Smoking Male Sedentary lifestyle Family history  

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Arrhythmias

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Symptoms/ Diagnosis  Fast or slow heart beat  Skipping beats  Lightheadedness, dizziness  Chest pain  Shortness of breath  Paleness  Sweating 

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What is it? It’s a problem with the rate or rhythm of the 

heartbeat. During one, the heart can beat too fast, too slow, or with an irregular rhythm.

Most arrhythmias are harmless, but some can be serious or even life threatening. During an arrhythmia, the heart may not be able to pump enough blood to the body. Lack of blood flow can damage the brain, heart, and other organs.

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Risk High blood pressure. Infections that damage the heart muscle or the sac 

around the heart. Diabetes. Sleep apnea. An overactive or underactive thyroid gland.

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Hypertension

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Symptoms/Diagnosis

Some people with uncomplicated hypertension, may experience symptoms such as headache, dizziness, shortness of breath, and blurred vision. Often, a person's first contact with a physician may be after significant damage to the end­organs has occurred. 

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What is it? High blood pressure is a serious condition that can lead 

to coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke and other health problems.

"Blood pressure" is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries as the heart pumps blood. If this pressure rises and stays high over time, it can damage the body in many ways.

This illness has to be very controlled by a doctor.

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Risk Smoke Age Afro­ American Obesity Unhealthy lifestyle Substances as caffeine, nicotine, illegal drugs,…

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Bibliography http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health­

topics/topics/arr/