literary genres (a library research paper)
TRANSCRIPT
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Literary Genres
A Library Research Paper
Presented to:
Dr. Milynor M. Acibo
Faculty of Art and Sciences
Arellano University
n partial fulfil!ent of the Re"uire!ents for the course# $n%lish &'
Sub!itted by:
De La (ru)# *eith Devie M.
+ulueta# April A
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Table of Contents
I. INTRODUCTION
A. ,ac-%round of the study,. Si%nificance of the study(. b/ectivesD. State!ent of the proble!
II. PRESENTATION OF DATAGenres of LiteratureMa/or for!s of literary and se!i0literary fictionsDefinition of %enres(haracteristics of %enresList of 1ritin% %enres
. CONCLUSIONS2. INSIGHT GAINED2. REFERENCES2. CURRICULUM VITAE
I. INTRODUCTIONA. Bac!"o#n$ of t%e st#$&
A l'te"a"& !en"eis a cate%ory of literary co!position. Genres !ay be
deter!ined by literary techni"ue# tone# content# or even 3as in the case of
fiction4 len%th. 5he distinctions bet1een %enres and cate%ories are fle6ible
and loosely defined# often 1ith sub%roups.5he !ost %eneral %enres in literature are 3in loose chronolo%ical
order4 epic# tra%edy# co!edy# and creative nonfiction. 5hey can all be in
the for! of proseor poetry. Additionally# a %enre such
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literary_techniquehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setting_tonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_(media)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic_poetryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_nonfictionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setting_tonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_(media)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epic_poetryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_nonfictionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prosehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literary_technique -
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as satire# alle%oryor pastoral!i%ht appear in any of the above# not only as
a sub%enre 3see belo14# but as a !i6ture of %enres. Finally# they are
defined by the %eneral cultural !ove!entof the historical periodin 1hich
they 1ere co!posed.Genre should not be confused 1ith a%e cate%ories# by 1hich literature !ay
be classified as either adult# youn%0adult# or children7s. 5hey also !ust not
be confused 1ith for!at# such as %raphic novelor picture boo-.
B. S'!n'f'cance of t%e st#$&
5he research paper is an ori%inal essay presentin% your ideas in
response to infor!ation found in library sources. As you %ather
research !aterial# your ever0increasin% -no1led%e of a topic 1ill
allo1 you to !a-e infor!ed /ud%!ents and ori%inal interpretations.
At each sta%e of research# you 1ill have a !ore co!plete idea of
1hat you have already found and 1hat you are loo-in% for. Mid1ay
throu%h the process# the 1ritin% tas-s of creatin% a revie1 of the
literature and a proposal 1ill help you focus the direction of your
research. 5his chapter addresses both the technical s-ills of findin%
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satirehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastoralhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_movementhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young-adult_fictionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children's_literaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphic_novelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satirehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pastoralhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_movementhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_periodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young-adult_fictionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Children's_literaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphic_novel -
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and recordin% infor!ation and the intellectual s-ills of understandin%
the !aterial# developin% ori%inal ideas# and !a-in% infor!ed
/ud%!ents.
C. Ob(ect')es8. $6plain 1hat is literary %enres9. dentify the types and -inds of %enres. $nu!erate the !a/or for!s of %enres&. Definition of the types and ele!ents of literary %enres;. dentify the list of 1ritin% %enres
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D. State*ent of t%e +"oble*8.
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I. P"esentat'on of Data
Gen"es of L'te"at#"e
'on0Fiction
Fiction
T&+es of Non,f'ct'on
Na""at')e'onfictionis infor!ation based on fact that is presented in a for!at
1hich tells a story.
Essa&sare a short literary co!position that reflects the author>s outloo- or point.
A short literary co!position on a particular the!e or sub/ect# usually in prose and
%enerally analytic# speculative# or interpretative.
A B'o!"a+%&is a 1ritten account of another person>s life.
An A#tob'o!"a+%&%ives the history of a person>s life# 1ritten or told by that
person. ften 1ritten in 'arrative for! of their person>s life.
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S+eec%is the faculty or po1er of spea-in%? oral co!!unication? ability to
e6press one>s thou%hts and e!otions by speech# sounds# and %esture. Generally
delivered in the for! of an address or discourse.
Finally there is the %eneral %enre of Nonf'ct'on. 5his is nfor!ational te6t dealin%
1ith an actual# real0life sub/ect. 5his %enre of literature offers opinions or
con/ectures on facts and reality. 5his includes bio%raphies# history# essays#
speech# and narrative non fiction. 'onfiction opposes fiction and is distin%uished
fro! those fiction %enres of literature li-e poetry and dra!a 1hich is the ne6t
section 1e 1ill discuss.
T&+es of F'ct'on
D"a*ais the %enre of literature that>s sub/ect for co!positions is dra!atic art in
the 1ay it is represented. 5his %enre is stories co!posed in verse or prose#
usually for theatrical perfor!ance# 1here conflicts and e!otion are e6pressed
throu%h dialo%ue and action.
Poet"&is verse and rhyth!ic 1ritin% 1ith i!a%ery that evo-es an e!otional
response fro! the reader. 5he art of poetry is rhyth!ical in co!position# 1ritten
or spo-en. 5his %enre of literature is for e6citin% pleasure by beautiful#
i!a%inative# or elevated thou%hts.
Fantas&is the for!in% of !ental i!a%es 1ith stran%e or other 1orldly settin%s or
characters? fiction 1hich invites suspension of reality.
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H#*o"is the faculty of perceivin% 1hat is a!usin% or co!ical. Fiction full of fun#
fancy# and e6cite!ent 1hich !eant to entertain. 5his %enre of literature can
actually be seen and contained 1ithin all %enres.
A Fableis a story about supernatural or e6traordinary people Usually in the for!
of narration that de!onstrates a useful truth. n Fables# ani!als often spea- as
hu!ans that are le%endary and supernatural tales.
Fa'"& Talesor 1onder tales are a -ind of fol-tale or fable. So!eti!es the stories
are about fairies or other !a%ical creatures# usually for children.
Sc'ence F'ct'onis a story based on i!pact of potential science# either actual or
i!a%ined. Science fiction is one of the %enres of literature that is set in the future
or on other planets.
S%o"t Sto"&is fiction of such briefness that is not able to support any subplots.
Real'st'c F'ct'onis a story that can actually happen and is true to real life.
Follo"eare son%s# stories# !yths# and proverbs of a person of @fol- that 1as
handed do1n by 1ord of !outh. Fol-lore is a %enre of literature that is 1idely
held# but false and based on unsubstantiated beliefs.
H'sto"'cal F'ct'onis a story 1ith fictional characters and events in a historical
settin%.
Ho""o"is an over1hel!in% and painful feelin% caused by literature that is
fri%htfully shoc-in%# terrifyin%# or revoltin%. Fiction in 1hich events evo-e a feelin%
of dread in both the characters and the reader.
A Tall Taleis a hu!orous story 1ith blatant e6a%%erations# s1a%%erin% heroes
1ho do the i!possible 1ith an here of nonchalance.
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Le!en$is a story that so!eti!es of a national or fol- hero. Le%end is based on
fact but also includes i!a%inative !aterial.
M&ste"&is a %enre of fiction that deals 1ith the solution of a cri!e or the
unravelin% of secrets. Anythin% that is -ept secret or re!ains une6plained or
un-no1n.
M&t%olo!&is a type of le%end or traditional narrative. 5his is often based in part
on historical events# that reveals hu!an behavior and natural pheno!ena by its
sy!bolis!? often pertainin% to the actions of the %ods. A body of !yths# as that of
a particular people or that relatin% to a particular person.
F'ct'on 'n Ve"seis full0len%th novels 1ith plot# subplots# the!es# 1ith !a/or and
!inor characters. Fiction of verse is one of the %enres of literaturein 1hich the
narrative is usually presented in blan- verse for!.
5he %enre of F'ct'oncan be defined as narrative literary 1or-s 1hose content is
produced by the i!a%ination and is not necessarily based on fact. n fiction
so!ethin% is fei%ned# invented# or i!a%ined? a !ade0up story.
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Ma(o" fo"*s of l'te"a"& an$ se*',l'te"a"& f'ct'ons
Dra!a
Graphic novel
Myth
'ovel
'ovella
Short story
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dramahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphic_novelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novellahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_storyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dramahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphic_novelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mythhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novellahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_story -
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D"a*ais the specific !odeof narrative#
typically fictional# representedin perfor!ance.5he ter! co!es fro!
the Gree-1ord BC E# drama# !eanin% action# 1hich is derived fro! the
verb BC# dra# !eanin% to door to act. 5he enact!ent of dra!a in theatre#
perfor!ed by actorson a sta%ebefore an audience#
presupposes collaborative!odes of production and a collectivefor! of
reception. 5he structure of dra!atic te6ts# unli-e other for!s of literature# is
directly influenced by this collaborative production and collective
reception 5he early !oderntra%edyHamlet38HI84 by Sha-espeareand
the classical Atheniantra%edy Oedipus the King3c. &9J ,(4 by Sophoclesare
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode_(literature)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narrativehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictionalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimesishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_(philosophy)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theatrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stage_(theatre)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audiencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collectivehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dramatic_structurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Renaissance_theatrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamlethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1601_in_literaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespearehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oedipus_the_Kinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophocleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode_(literature)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narrativehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fictionalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimesishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performancehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greekhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_(philosophy)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theatrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stage_(theatre)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audiencehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collectivehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dramatic_structurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Renaissance_theatrehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamlethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1601_in_literaturehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Shakespearehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oedipus_the_Kinghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophocles -
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a!on% the !asterpieces of the art of dra!a. A !odern e6a!ple is Long Day's
Journey into Night38J;H4 by $u%ene >'eill.
A !"a+%'c no)elis a boo- !ade up of co!icscontent. Althou%h the 1ord KnovelK
nor!ally refers to lon% fictional 1or-s# the ter! K%raphic novelK is applied broadly
and includes fiction# non0fiction# and antholo%i)ed 1or-. t is distin%uished fro!
the ter! Kco!ic boo-K# 1hich is used for co!ics periodicals.
M&t%olo!&is a collection of !yths# especially one belon%in% to a particular
reli%ious or cultural tradition of a %roup of peopletheir collection of storiesthey
tell to e6plain nature#history# and custo!sor the study of such !yths.
A no)elis a lon% narrative# nor!ally in prose# 1hich
describes fictionalcharacters and events# usually in the for! of a se"uential
story.
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early !odernro!ance# and the tradition of the novella. 5he latter# an talian 1ord
used to describe short stories# supplied the present %eneric $n%lish ter! in the
8Nth century. Mi%uel de (ervantes# author of Don ui!ote# is fre"uently cited as
the first si%nificant $uropean novelistof the !odern era? the first part of Don
ui!ote1as published in 8HI;.
A no)ellais a 1or- of 1ritten# fictional# narrative prose nor!ally lon%er than
a short storybut shorter than a novel. 5he $n%lish 1ord KnovellaK derives fro!
the talian KnovellaK# fe!inine of KnovelloK# 1hich !eans Kne1K.O85he novella is a
co!!on literary %enrein several $uropean lan%ua%es.
A s%o"t sto"&is a brief 1or- of literature# usually 1ritten
in narrativeprose. $!er%in% fro! earlier oral storytellin%traditions in the 8th
century# the short story has %ro1n to enco!pass a body of 1or- so diverse as to
defy easy characteri)ation. At its !ost prototypical the short story features a
s!all cast of na!ed characters# and focuses on a self0contained incident 1ith the
intent of evo-in% a Ksin%le effectK or !ood. O9n doin% so# short stories !a-e use
of plot# resonance# and other dyna!ic co!ponents to a far %reater de%ree than is
typical of an anecdote# yet to a far lesser de%ree than a novel.
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Gen"eis a broad ter! that translates fro! the French to !ean 7-ind7 or 7type.7 n
entertain!ent# this can translate to horror# ro!ance# science fiction# etc. n
%eneral# these types differ for all sorts of reasons# fro! the actions in their plots
to the feelin%s they elicit fro! the audience. Qo1ever# in literature# there are
so!e !ore defined %enres. t is i!portant to -no1 1hich %enre a piece of 1or-
falls into because the reader 1ill already have certain e6pectations before he
even be%ins to read.
Genre# in broad ter!s# refers to any 1or-s that share certain characteristics. f
enou%h characteristics are in co!!on# then the pieces are said to be in the
sa!e %enre. n literature# there are four !ain %enres to help the reader focus
their e6pectations for the piece# thou%h these %enres can be bro-en do1n even
further.
C%a"acte"'st'cs of !en"es
Poet"&
A !ain literary %enre is poetry. All poe!s share specific characteristics. For
e6a!ple# +oet"&is 1ritten in lines and stan)as instead of sentences and
para%raphs. So!e poe!s follo1 strict rules as to the nu!ber and len%th of lines
and stan)as# 1hereas !any poe!s are !uch !ore free0flo1in%.
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Most poetry is abundant in fi%urative lan%ua%e. Usin% devices li-e a si!ile#
!etaphor# hyperbole# ono!atopoeia# alliteration# rhy!e# and !uch !ore# poetry
can clai! an e!phasis on i!a%ination# e!otions# and heartfelt ideas.
Poetry is usually shorter than the other %enres# but so!e poe!s are classified
as e+'c +oet" 1hich is lon% narrative poetry chroniclin% heroic deeds and
serious sub/ect !atter. For e6a!ple# ohn Milton7s epic poe! Paradise
Lostfocuses on Satan7s fall fro! %race and his follo1in% pursuit of reven%e.
F'ct'on
Poetry# ho1ever# is not the only %enre that can utili)e fi%urative lan%ua%e.
Si!ilarly# f'ct'on# 1hich is any 1or- 1ritten in prose that is not real# can also use
elaborate fi%urative lan%ua%e. Qo1ever# fiction is !uch !ore structured than
poetry. t !ust be 1ritten in sentences and para%raphs 1ith all the proper
punctuation and %ra!!ar# 1hich !a-es it prose. Usually# fiction is bro-en up into
chapters# as 1ell.
Since it is based on the i!a%ination# the sub/ect !atter in fiction 1or-s can be
nearly anythin%. Fiction can ta-e place in the present day# the future# or the past.
t can incorporate the !ost fantastical ideas or follo1 an everyday life. So!e
e6a!ples of 1or-s of fiction are le%ends# fol- tales# fairy tales# short stories# and
any novels. For e6a!ple# the popular Hunger Gamesand Divergenttrilo%ies
are fiction 1hich occurs in a post0apocalyptic future.
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Non,f'ct'on
A third broad literary %enre is nonfiction. f fiction is fa-e# then nonf'ct'onis the
opposite: it co!es fro! real life.
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8 Settin%
9 Plots
Perspective
& Style
; 5he!e
H (haracter
References
Toneis a literary co!pound of co!position# 1hich sho1s the attitudes to1ard
the sub/ect and to1ard the audience i!plied in a literary 1or-. 5one !ay be
for!al# infor!al# inti!ate# sole!n# so!ber# playful# serious# ironic#
condescendin%# or !any other possible attitudes.
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the internet# television# and audio (Ds# boo-s# !a%a)ines# live events# such as
conferences and sta%e perfor!ances.
II. Concl#s'onAll of the arts consist of %enres. 5o na!e so!e of the outstandin%
types: in paintin%# there are the landscape# the still life# the portrait?
in !usic there are the sonata# the sy!phony# the son%? in fil! 1e
have the do!estic co!edy# the horrorTthriller# the
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appreciation# they need al1ays to be ac"uainted 1ith the specific
conventions of the type. 5he study of %enres essentially isthe study
of conventions. And in literature as in the other arts# an ac"uaintance
1ith %eneric conventions is critical to enrichin% our responses to
particular te6ts. t is true that since 1e are readin% Kland!ar-s#K
there 1ill al1ays be so!ethin% !arvelously uni"ue about each %reat
1or- studied. ,ut in each case there 1ill also be a set of
e6pectations connected to its type# to its %eneric tradition# as 1ell as
to the #eitgeist3the Kspirit of the ti!eK4 in 1hich the 1or- 1as 1ritten.
III. Ins'!%t Ga'ne$
As about to plan this research# !ust ad!it that find it difficult
fro! %atherin% data# infor!ation to be use fro! the process !a-in%
1hich 1ill use.
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IV. Refe"ences
$ugenio% &acelli ( )($d( )&*% Romero% &erlita &( &hDAn approach to Literature 3Modern Genres fro! A!erica# ,ritain and thePhilippines4 (opyri%ht 8JJ
Roldan% *urora H( $d D(
(olle%e Readin%
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V. C#""'c#l#* V'tae
De La C"#/0 1e't% De)'e M.8H9& Vuintos St. Sa!paloc ManilaTLalafu%an# Lal0lo# (a%ayan2alley
Au%ust I;# 8JJH
8JyTo
Fe!ale
*eithdevieI&88Wyahoo.co!
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected] -
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