LISTEN TO YOUR CITYELECTROMOBILITY BY VOLVO BUSESDialogkonferanse Brakar- Drammen 15.mars 2016

Department, Name, Document name, Security class

Date1

From hybrid to electric- different levels of electrification in the city

FULL-ELECTRIC

DIESEL COACH

ELECTRIC HYBRID

HYBRID INTERCITY

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A complete product offer of electrified buses

Hybrid buses Electric hybrid buses Electric buses

30-40% fuel reduction Silent take-off 40 % lower on road emissions

Improved passenger capacity

75% fuel and 60 % energyreduction

Electrical drive 70 % ofroute

Silent 75% CO2 reduction* Charging at end stations

80 % energy reduction Electrical drive 100 %

of route Silent Minimum local exhaust

emissions 100 % CO2 reduction* Charging at end

stations

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The three cornerstones of Volvo Buses’ e-mobilitystrategyProduct portfolioThe future will be a mix of: Hybrid Electric Hybrid Electric

Complete system offering Buses, infrastructure & services Battery charged by km Competitive Life Cycle Cost vs

Diesel

Open interfaces One open and standardized interface for charging infrastructure Enable buses from other suppliers Driving standardisation together with Siemens & ABB

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Pressrelease 15 mars 2016

Europeiska elbusstillverkare enas om öppet gränssnitt för laddning

Busstillverkarna Irizar, Solaris, VDL och Volvo har enats om att säkerställa attelbussar av olika fabrikat ska kunna använda laddinfrastruktur från ABB,Heloix och Siemens. Målet är att etablera ett öppet gränssnitt mellan bussaroch laddnings-utrustning för att underlätta introduktionen av elbussystem ieuropeiska städer.

Creating new opportunitiesfor urban planning

Bringing buses closer to passengers.Opening up possibilities bus routes in newareas

Silent mode of public transport improvingquality of life and increasing real estatevalues eliminating noise from diesel or railsolutions

Enabling indoor bus stops in shoppingcenters, hospitals and living housesimproving passenger comfort and safety

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Indoor bus stop with cafeteria, Gothenburg

Bus stop in real library during Volvo Ocen Race

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OPPORTUNITY CHARGING AT END STOPSVolvo Buses

Sunwin (50% Volvo owned Chines joint venture) has 9 years experience of

electric buses with oportunity and over-night charging.Volvo technology

choice is based on world leading experience.

• Super capacitor since 2006Fast Charging, at every bus stopfor 40 sec,

• High infrastructure cost• Low energy storage capacity

• Battery electric buses since 2010• Battery swap system: low battery

utilisation and time loss when swapping• Battery overnight charging: Limited

range, heavy and expensive batteries

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Opportunity charging - Cost efficientcharging of highly utilized bus systems

No range limit for bus utilization in traffic Utilizingnatural charging opportunities at terminal stations

High utilization of charging infrastructure. Samecharger and pantograph used by many buses

Optimized system performance. Pantograph placedin mast to save vehicle weight

Electricity consumption distributed over day andnight

Electric power outtake from power systemdistributed geographically

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Executive summary

All types of electric buses utilise much less energy than diesel or gas alternatives. The longerthe daily distance, the stronger the benefit.

Compromises are needed

Passenger capacity Battery weight

Driver/bus utilisation Charging time

Cost for fast charging stations Battery cost

We find that

High utilisation of charging infrastructure and the limited battery weight in the opportunitycharging concept makes it superior in cost efficiency towards overnight charging.

The opportunity charging concept allows 17% more passengers.

Overnight charged battery buses are convenient for testing the new technology in small scale,but have strong limitations in the daily range. This restricts it to slow routes, therefore with limitedbenefits.

The opportunity charged buses can adapt to long workdays, high passenger capacity and highmileage. Thereby they deliver strong benefits for the city.

Scalability advantage as more routes can use same charging stations at end-stops

Cost

2015-10-09

Volvo Buses, BED 00814.15.10

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Potential for new business models

Operator Operates the buses Owns/leases buses Revenue model based

on patronage andquality of service

PTA Regulatory framework Award of traffic

contracts enabling longterm perspective

Owns/leases buses

Utility Owner of charging

infrastructure Revenue model based

on electric charging

Volvo Provider of bus system

including infrastructure,service andmaintenance

Revenue model basedon km utilization

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Electric drive

Hybrid drive

Terminal School Residential Area City Centre

Telematics & e-mobility

Zone Management

Route 55

• 8 km long, runsthrough the city centre

• Charging takes placeat the end stations

• Fast charging up to 6minutes, 300 kW

LindholmenScience Park

JohannebergScience Park

Two bus models run on the route

7 Electric Hybrids 3 Electric buses

Quiet, electrically powered 70% of the route80% less CO2

60% lower energy consumptionFlexible urban planning

Quiet, electrically powered the whole route80% lower energy consumptionZero emissions when using renewable electricityFlexible urban planning

Gothenburg and Volvo – a commonvision

• An innovative and forward-thinkingcity in sustainable mobility

• A region at the forefront ofsustainable solutions and mobility –attracts competence, investment andcompany establishments

• An arena for testing new productsand services in public transport

• A source of inspiration and power ofmotivation for future urbandevelopment

• A world class automotive industry

ElectriCity partners