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    Medium and High Voltage Arrester and

    Lightning Standards Overviews

    IEEE Standards Overviews

    C62.11a -2008IEEE Standard for Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters for AC Power Circuits (> 1 kV)Amendment 1 Short Circuit Testing for Station, Intermediate and DistributionArrestersIn July 2008 the IEEE standards department published C62.11a, an amendment to C62.11.This new amendment now specifies a short circuit test for all arresters. It has been years inthe making. What makes this amendment so unique is that it is virtually identical to the test

    procedure published in IEC 60099-4 in 2006. This is a first for arrester standardsharmonization. Though it will be many years before the both standards are virtually thesame, this is a first step.See Complete Overview

    C62.11 -2005IEEE Standard for Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters for AC Power Circuits (> 1 kV)This standard applies to metal-oxide surge arresters (MOSAs) designed to repeatedly limitthe voltage surges on 48 Hz to 62 Hz power circuits (>1000 V) by passing surge dischargecurrent and automatically limiting the flow of system power current. This standard applies todevices for separate mounting and to devices supplied integrally with other equipment. Thetests demonstrate that an arrester can survive the rigors of reasonable environmental

    conditions and system phenomena while protecting equipment and/or the system fromdamaging overvoltages caused by lightning, switching, and other undesirable surges

    C62. 1 (Obsolete and withdrawn as a standard)IEEE Standard for Gapped Silicon-Carbide Surge Arresters for AC Power CircuitsSuperseded by C62.11

    C62.21Draft Guide for the Application of Surge Voltage Protective Equipment on ACRotating Machinery 1000 Volts and greater Part 1This guide covers the application of surge voltage protective equipment to AC rotatingmachines rated 1000 volts and greater. The guide does not cover motors applied in solid-state switched adjustable speed drives. Part 1 covers the insulation surge withstandstrength of motors and generators with windings having form-wound multi-turn coils and theapplication of surge protection to form-wound multi-turn coil motors.

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    C62.22.1 (also known as IEEE 1299)IEEE Guide for the Connection of Surge Arresters to Protect Insulated, ShieldedElectric Power Cable SystemsThis guide suggests surge arrester installation methods at distribution cable terminal polesin order to minimize the total impressed transient voltage on medium-voltage distributioncables. Grounding electrode techniques, pole ground values, and system ground gridvalues are not addressed or considered in this document.

    C62.22 (Superseded C62.2)IEEE Guide for Application of Metal-Oxide Surge Arresters for Alternating-CurrentSystemsThe application of metal-oxide surge arresters to safeguard electric power equipmentagainst the hazards of abnormally high voltage surges of various origins is covered.Systematic directions toward proper solutions of various applications are provided. In manycases, the prescribed steps are adequate. More complex and special solutions requiringstudy by experienced engineers is described, but specific solutions are not always given.

    The procedures are based on theoretical studies, test results, and experience.

    C62.23 (previously IEEE 1041)IEEE Application Guide for Surge Protection of Electric Generating PlantsThis standard consolidates most electric utility power industry practices, accepted theories,existing standards/guides, definitions, and technical references as they specifically pertainto surge protection of electric power generating plants. Where technical information is notreadily available, guidance is provided to aid toward proper surge protection and to reduceinterference to communication, control, and protection circuits due to surges and otherovervoltages. It has to be recognized that this application guide approaches the subject ofsurge protection from a common or generalized application viewpoint. Complex applications

    of surge protection practices may require specialized study by experienced engineers.

    C62.92 SeriesIEEE Guide for the Application of Neutral Grounding in Electrical Utility SystemsThis standard covers basic considerations for the selection of neutral grounding parametersthat provide for the control of ground- fault current and overvoltage on all portions of three-phase electrical utility systems. These considerations apply specifically to electric utilitysystems and do not recognize the neutral grounding requirements for dispersed storageand generation.C62.92.1 - Part I - Introduction

    C62.92.2 - Part II - Grounding of Synchronous Generator SystemsC62.92.3 - Part III - Generator Auxiliary SystemsC62.92.4 - Part IV - Distribution SystemsC62.92.5 - Part V - Transmission Systems

    Lightning Mitigation Related Standards

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    IEEE 1410IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Electric Power OverheadDistribution LinesThis design guide is written for the distribution-line designer and contains information onmethods to improve the lightning performance of overhead distribution lines. This guiderecognizes that a perfect line design does not exist, and that a series of compromises aremade in any distribution-line design. While some parameters such as voltage, routing, andcapacity may be predetermined, other decisions are made at the discretion of the designer.The designer may exercise control over structure material and geometry, shielding (if any),amount of insulation, grounding, and placement of arresters. This guide will help thedistribution-line designer optimize the line design in light of cost benefit considerations.

    IEEE 1243IEEE Guide for Improving the Lightning Performance of Transmission LinesThe effects of routing, structure type, insulation, shielding, and grounding on transmissionlines are discussed. The way these transmission-line choices will improve or degradelightning performance is also provided. An additional section discusses several special

    methods that may be used to improve lightning performance. Finally, a listing anddescription of the FLASH program is presented.

    Insulation Coordination StandardsIEEE 1313.1IEEE Standard for Insulation Coordination, Definitions, Principles, and Rules

    The procedure for selection of the withstand voltages for equipment phase-to-ground andphase-to-phase insulation systems is specified. A list of standard insulation levels, based onthe voltage stress to which the equipment is

    IEEE 1313.2IEEE Guide for the Application of Insulation CoordinationThis guide contains calculation method for selection of phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase insulation withstand voltages for equipment is presented. This guide gives methodsfor insulation coordination of different air-insulated systems like transmission lines andsubstations. The methods of analysis are illustrated by practical examples.

    IEEE 824IEEE Standard for Series Capacitors in Power SystemsCapacitors and assemblies of capacitors, insulation means, switching, protectiveequipment, and control accessories that form a complete bank for inserting in series with atransmission line are applied. Included are requirements for safety, rating, and protectivedevice levels. Functional requirements for alarm devices, maintenance, design andproduction tests, and a guide for operation are included. Functional requirements forprotective devices are addressed, including varistors and bypass gaps.

    IEC Standards Associated with Arresters and Lightning

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    IEC 60099-1Surge arresters - Part 1: Non-linear resistor type gapped surge arresters for a.c.systemsThis standard applies to series gapped Silicon Carbide Arresters. This standard is not

    maintained and applies to products not manufactured any longer.

    IEC 60099-3Surge arresters - Part 3: Artificial pollution testing of surge arrestersThis standard gives the basic principles of artificial pollution testing of non-linear resistortype (valve type) surge arresters. Also includes details of pollutant compositions andmethods of application and the procedures associated with each mode of pollution.(Preview)

    IEC60099-4 (Latest edition is 60099-4 Edition 2.1 2006-07)Surge arresters - Part 4: Metal-oxide surge arresters without gaps for a.c. systemsThis part of IEC 60099 presents the minimum criteria for the requirements and testing ofgapless metal-oxide surge arresters that are applied to a.c. power systems. Arresterscovered by this standard are commonly applied to live/front overhead installations in placeof the non-linear resistor-type gapped arresters covered in IEC 60099-1. (Preview)

    IEC60099-4-am2 Ed. 2.0 BilingualFeb 26, 2009The IEC has published a new edition of 60099-4. An overview of the additions and deletionsin this document are covered in detail inArresterFacts 007 Understanding New IECMechanical Requirements.

    This new edition covers new mechanical test requirements for polymer and porcelain

    housed arresters.

    IEC 60099-5 1998Surge Arresters: Part 5 Selection and application recommendationsThis standard provides recommendations for the selection and application of surgearresters to be used in three-phase systems with nominal voltages above 1kV. It applies tonon-linear resistor type gapped surge arresters as defined in IEC 60099-1 and to gaplessmetal-oxide surge arresters as defined in IEC 60099-4. A new edition will be available in2010 or 2011 that will include arresters gapped MOV arresters including EGLA (Preview)

    IEC 60099-6Part 6: Surge arresters containing both series and parallel gapped structures - Rated

    52 kV and lessThis standard applies to all metal-oxide surge arresters with gaps and housed in eitherporcelain or polymeric housings. This standard also specifies requirements and tests formetal-oxide surge arresters with internal series gaps, with rated voltages of 52KV andbelow (Preview)

    60099-7Surge arresters - Part 7: Glossary of terms and definitions from IEC publications

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    60099-1, 60099-4, 60099-6, 61643-1, 61643-12, 61643-21, 61643-311, 61643-321, 61643-331 and 61643-341This standard provides a list of terms and definitions relative to IEC publications from IECtechnical committee 37: Surge Arresters and subcommittees 37A: Surge protective devices,and 37B: Surge protective components, current at the date of this publication. (Preview)

    IEC 60099-8 (In Draft form only - Not yet published as of 4-2008)Surge arresters - Part 8: Metal-oxide surge arresters with external series gap (EGLA)for overhead transmission and distribution lines of a.c. systems above 1 kV This standard defines the surge arrester to protect the insulator assembly from lightningcaused overvoltages only. Therefore, the following duties for the metal-oxide surgearresters without gaps and the metal-oxide surge arresters with internal series gap tooperate due to slow front overvoltages caused by switching or system faults are notconsidered for this standard:

    switching impulse sparkover voltage;

    residual voltage at steep current and switching current impulse;

    residual voltage at steep current and switching current impulse; thermal stability;

    long-duration current impulse withstand duty;

    power-frequency voltage versus time characteristics of an arrester;

    disconnector test;

    aging duties by power-frequency voltage.

    Considering the particular design concept and the special application on overheadtransmission and distribution lines, some unique requirements and tests are introduced,such as verification test for coordination between insulator and EGLA withstand, followcurrent interrupting test, mechanical load tests etc.

    Insulation Coordination Standards60071-1Insulation co-ordination - Part 1: Definitions, principles and rulesThis part of IEC 60071 applies to three-phase a.c. systems having a highest voltage forequipment above 1 kV. It specifies the procedure for the selection of the rated withstandvoltages for the phase-to-earth, phase-to-phase and longitudinal insulation of the equipmentand the installations of these systems. It also gives the lists of the standard withstandvoltages from which the rated withstand voltages should be selected. This standardrecommends that the selected withstand voltages should be associated with the highestvoltage for equipment. This association is for insulation co-ordination purposes only. Therequirements for human safety are not covered by this standard. (Preview)

    60071-2Insulation co-ordination - Part 2: Application guideThis standard gives guidance for the determination of the rated withstand voltages forranges I and II of IEC 60071-1 and justifies the association of these rated values with thestandardized highest voltages for equipment. It covers phase-to-phase, phase-to-earth andlongitudinal insulation of three-phase systems with nominal voltages above 1kV (Preview)

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    60071-4Insulation co-ordination - Part 4: Computational guide to insulation co-ordination andmodeling of electrical networksThis technical report gives guidance on conducting insulation co-ordination studies whichpropose internationally recognized recommendations

    for the numerical modeling of electrical systems including arresters and

    for the implementation of deterministic and probabilistic methods adapted to the use ofnumerical programs.

    Its object is to give information in terms of methods, modeling and examples, allowing forthe application of the approaches presented in IEC 60071-2, and for the selection ofinsulation levels of equipment or installations, as defined in IEC 60071-1. (Preview)

    60270High-voltage test techniques - Partial discharge measurementsThis International Standard is applicable to the measurement of partial discharges which

    occur in electrical apparatus, components or systems when tested with alternating voltagesup to 400 Hz or with direct voltage.This standard

    defines the terms used;

    defines the quantities to be measured;

    describes test and measuring circuits which may be used;

    defines analogue and digital measuring methods required for common applications;

    specifies methods for calibration and requirements of instruments used for calibration;

    gives guidance on test procedures;

    gives some assistance concerning the discrimination of partial discharges from

    external interference. (Preview)60143-2Series capacitors for power systems - Part 2: Protective equipment for seriescapacitor banksThis part of IEC 143 covers protective equipment for series capacitor banks, with a sizelarger than 10 Mvar per phase. Protective equipment is defined as the main circuitapparatus and ancillary equipment, which are part of a series capacitor installation, butwhich are external to the capacitor part itself. The recommendations for the capacitor partare given in IEC 143. The protective equipment is mentioned in clauses 1.3 and 7.6 of IEC143. (Preview)

    61992-5Railway applications - Fixed installations - DC switchgear - Part 5: Surge arrestersand low-voltage limiters for specific use in d.c. systemsClauses 4, 5 and 6 of this part of IEC 61992 cover particular requirements for surgearresters (following named arresters) for specific use in fixed installations of d.c. tractionsystems. These are surge arresters consisting of one or more non-linear resistors whichmay be in series with single or multiple spark gaps.Low-voltage limiters are covered under Clause 7. These are protective devices mainly usedin fixed installations of d.c. traction systems to connect certain portions of the circuit, when,

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    owing to an abnormal situation, the voltage across the device exceeds a predeterminedlimited value. They may be associated with other devices such as contactors for self-restoring arrangements. They are not used in general to provide surge protection.The following are the main uses of Low-Voltage Limiters (LVL):

    connection to the rail of metallic masses;

    protection of rail circuits; earthing of rails in the substation;

    protection of cathodic circuits;

    protection of cable shields. (Preview)

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