lisfranc fractures
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Lisfranc InjuriesLisfranc Injuries
AnatomyAnatomy
Tarso-metatarsal jointTarso-metatarsal joint
MidfootMidfoot
Bones held in place by Bones held in place by ligaments.ligaments.
No ligament connection No ligament connection between 1between 1stst and 2 and 2ndnd metatarsalsmetatarsals
Mechanism of InjuryMechanism of Injury
Direct trauma/crushDirect trauma/crush
Twisting Twisting
Plantar flexion with axial loadingPlantar flexion with axial loading
Low or high energy (beware of associated Low or high energy (beware of associated injuries)injuries)
MechanismsMechanisms
Clinical PresentationClinical Presentation
VariableVariablePain, especially with weight bearing activityPain, especially with weight bearing activityPlantar ecchymosisPlantar ecchymosisDorsal tenderness, edemaDorsal tenderness, edemaMild discomfortMild discomfortDeformity/instabilityDeformity/instability
High index of suspicion based on High index of suspicion based on mechanism!mechanism!
DiagnosisDiagnosis Physical exam Physical exam
view X-Ray (AP, lateral, medial oblique)-weight-view X-Ray (AP, lateral, medial oblique)-weight-bearing films helpful.bearing films helpful.
20% of films are negative initially. Repeat films 20% of films are negative initially. Repeat films at 7-14 days, consider CT/MRI.at 7-14 days, consider CT/MRI.
Often mistaken as a sprain-when in doubt, splint Often mistaken as a sprain-when in doubt, splint and refer to ortho.and refer to ortho.
Fracture/dislocation findingsFracture/dislocation findings
The most consistent finding is The most consistent finding is misalignment along the medial side of misalignment along the medial side of second MT and second cuneiform. second MT and second cuneiform.
Fracture/dislocation findingsFracture/dislocation findings
Fracture/dislocation findingsFracture/dislocation findings
The medial cuneiform-second MT space The medial cuneiform-second MT space should be evaluated for the "fleck sign" should be evaluated for the "fleck sign" indicating avulsion of the Lisfranc indicating avulsion of the Lisfranc ligament. ligament.
Fleck SignFleck Sign
ClassificationClassification
HomolateralHomolateral All of the metatarsals are dislocated to the same side All of the metatarsals are dislocated to the same side Usually involves the 2nd through 5th dislocated Usually involves the 2nd through 5th dislocated
laterallylaterally
DivergentDivergent May be associated with a fracture of the 1st May be associated with a fracture of the 1st
cuneiform cuneiform Usually involves medial displacement of the 1st Usually involves medial displacement of the 1st
metatarsal and lateral displacement of 2nd-5th metatarsal and lateral displacement of 2nd-5th metatarsals metatarsals
HomolateralHomolateral
ClassificationClassification
HomolateralHomolateral All of the metatarsals are dislocated to the same side All of the metatarsals are dislocated to the same side Usually involves the 2nd through 5th dislocated Usually involves the 2nd through 5th dislocated
laterallylaterally
DivergentDivergent May be associated with a fracture of the 1st May be associated with a fracture of the 1st
cuneiform cuneiform Usually involves medial displacement of the 1st Usually involves medial displacement of the 1st
metatarsal and lateral displacement of 2nd-5th metatarsal and lateral displacement of 2nd-5th metatarsals metatarsals
DivergentDivergent
TreatmentTreatment
Depends on severityDepends on severity
RICERICE
If no dislocation--immobilize and no weight If no dislocation--immobilize and no weight bearing for 4-8 weeksbearing for 4-8 weeks
If significant dislocation--closed reduction or If significant dislocation--closed reduction or ORIFORIF
ComplicationsComplications
Chronic pain secondary to posttraumatic Chronic pain secondary to posttraumatic osteoarthritis osteoarthritis
Repeated injuriesRepeated injuries